2014春季海天六级密卷

海天2014年六月六级冲刺密卷Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: In this section, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the topic of happiness by referring to the saying that ―If you are waiting for happiness you have missed the point‖. You can include your understanding of the saying then explain how one can derive happiness from the process of struggling for it. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A.Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）, and then decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the center.1. A) In a zoo. C) In a pet store.B) In a park. D) In a museum.2. A) Lending something to a student . C) Reading a student’s application.B) Asking for some financial aid . D) Borrowing money for a business.3. A) She spends too much money. C) She enjoys going out for shoppingB) She likes money too much. D) She likes to argue about anything..4. A) He does not have time to read . C) He prefers no-fiction novelsB) He has no reading preference. D) He likes to read a mystery novel5. A) Her husband was teaching there. C) Her child was born there.B) She was born there. D) She has lived there for two years.6. A) His vacation has been postponed.B) He needs to take his medicine on vacation.C) He is going to change his allergy medicine.D) His allergy will no longer bother him.7. A) Fill in the application form.B) Apply for a different position.C) File the paper in the cabinetD) Show the woman the ad in the newspaper.8. A) The woman has lost David’s phone number .B) The man wants to install a phone .C) David will keep his promise.D) David has not sent the man his phone number.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) Go to summer camp. C) Stay at home.B) Hold a big party. D) Try house-sitting.10.A) They hired someone to stay in their home .B) They left their pets with their relatives.C) They rented their house to a student .D) They asked their secretary to watch their home .11. A) Mow the lawn.B) Water the house plants.C) Take care of her pets.D) Take care of her children.12.A) They attend a house-sitter’s party .B) They check a house-sitter’s refer ences.C) They interview a house-sitter’s friends.D) They look at a house-sitter’s academic record.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13.A) What the man’s plans are for tonight.B) Why the man does not want to play tennis.C) Why they do not have time to paly tennis after class today.D) What time they can meet in the library.14.A) Yesterday. C) A month ago .B) A couple of days ago. D) One week ago.15. A) Let him win a tennis game.B) Help him finish his history project.C) Give him some medicine for his stomach.D) Lend him her history book.Section BPassage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) I t leads to greater productivity.B) It solves the problems of many factories.C) It makes the workers’ work more enjoyable .D) It really makes people work harder.17. A) It will make workers less productive.B) It’s hard to be given in the modern factory.C) It will increase criminal rates.D) It’s very difficult to control the workers.18. A) We can do some thing about contribution .B) Workers can enjoy more spare time .C) We should make their jobs more interesting .D) Workers prefer shorter working hours .19. A) They would want a satisfactory pay.B) They would demand nice working conditions.C) They would think shorter working hours less important.D) They would get along better with the boss.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20. A) Jefferson’s views about commercia lized agriculture.B) International trade in the nineteenth century.C) Improvements in farm machinery in the United States.D) Farmers’ loss of independence.21. A) Crop production became increasingly specialized.B) Economic depressions lowered the prices of farm products.C) New banking laws made it easy to buy farmland.D) The United States increased its agricultural imports.22. A) Prices for farm products rose .B) Farmers became more dependent on loans from banks .C) Jefferson established government programs to assist farmers.D) Farmers relied less on foreign markets.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) Improve relationships.B) Control patients’ pain.C) Prevent heart disease.D) Improve concentration.24. A) They liked to have music in the operating room .B) They solved problems better while listening to music they liked .C) They preferred classical music.D) They performed better when they used headphones.25. A) It increased the student s’ white blood cell amount.B) It increased some students’energy level.C) It improved the students’ ability to play musical instruments.D) It released a natural painkiller in some students’ bodies.Section CAustralia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the southern hemisphere. It comprises the mainland of the world’s smallest continent, the major island of Tasmania, and 26 other islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. And it also has many 27 countries.For around 40,000 years before European settlement commenced in the late 18th century, the Australian mainland and Tasmania 28 around 250 individual nations of local Australians. After 29 visits by fishermen from the north, and European discovery by Dutch explores in 1606, the eastern half of Australia was __30 _ by the British in the 1770 and initially settled in the colony of New South Wales, founded on 26 January 1788. The population 31 in the following years and the continent was explored thoroughly. During the 19th century another five largely self-governing Crown Colonies were 32 .Since the six colonies became a federation and the Commonwealth of Australia was formed, Australia has 33 a stable liberal democratic political system and remains a Commonwealth realm. The population is just over 21.3 million, with about 60% 34 and around the mainland state capital of Sydney, Melbourne, etc.Technologically advanced and industrialized, Australia is a prosperous multicultural country and has good results in many international 35 of national performance, such as health care, public education, economic freedom, and the protection of civil liberties and political rights.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Riding a bike is good exercise and great fun. But what do you do with a bike after you outgrow it? Nicole Basil, 12, has a __36__answer to this question. When she was 8 years old, she joined Pedal Power. It is a charity that collects bikes that kids have __37___and donates them to Chicago public schools,Since 2008, Nicole has collected and donated more than l,000 bikes. In__38___ to the bicycles, Pedal Power supplied riders with 400 helmets（头盔）last year. ―It is important to ride safely on a bike and __39___are a big part of that,‖ Nicole says. The Wilmette Bi cycle & Sport Shop helps to _40__that all donated bikes are safe to ride. Each bike receives a five-minute checkup by the shop’s __41__.The bikes are given to students who have good grades and perfect___42__. Nicole says: ―Some kids aren’t as lucky as others, but they still do well in school. I think they should be __43___for that.‖ Nicole has received e-mails and phone calls from parents and teachers that say test __44___are improving. ―Bikes can take you far,‖ she says. ―Good grades can take you even further.‖Barton Dassinger is the principal of Cesar E. Chavez School in Chicago. Students in his school have received bikes. ―It’s been a great way to ___45___ students to do their best,‖ Dassinger says. ―They work hard to make it happen.‖Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.A Nation That’s Losing Its Toolbox[A] The scene inside the Home Depot on Weyman Avenue here would give the old-time Americancraftsman pause. In Aisle 34 is precut plastic flooring, the glue already in place. In Aisle 26 areprefabricated windows. Stacked near the checkout counters, and as colorful as a Fisher-Price toy, is a not-so-serious-looking power tool: a battery-operated saw-and-drill combination. And if you don’t want to do it yourself, head to Aisle 23 or Aisle 35, where a help desk will arrange for an installer.[B] It’s all very handy stuff, I guess, a convenient way to be a do-it-yourself without being all thatgood with tools. But at a time when the American factory seems to be a shrinking presence, and when good manufacturing jobs have vanished, perhaps never to return, there is something deeply troubling about this dilution of American craftsmanship.[C] This isn’t a lament (伤感)—or not merely a lament—fo r bygone times. It’s a social and culturalissue, as well as an economic one. The Home Depot approach to craftsmanship –simplify it, dumb it down, hire a contractor—is one signal that mastering tools and working with one’s hands is receding in America as a hobby, as a valued skill, as a cultural influence that shaped thinking and behavior in vast sections of the country.[D] that should be a matter of concern in a presidential election year. Yet neither Barrack Obamanor Mitt Romney promotes himself as tool-savvy(使用工具很在行的) presidential timber, in the mold of Jimmy Carter, a skilled carpenter and cabinet maker.[E] The Obama administration does worry publicly about manufacturing, a first cousin ofcraftsmanship. When the Ford Motor Company, for example, recently announced that it was bringing some production home, the White House cheered. ―When you see things like Ford moving new production from Mexico to Detroit, instead of the other way around, you know things are changing, ‖ says Gene Sperling, director o f the National Economic Council.[F] Ask the administration or the Republicans or most academics why America needs moremanufacturing, and they respond that manufacturing gives birth to innovation, brings down the trade deficit, strengthens the dollar, generates jobs, arms the military and brings about a recovery from recession. But rarely, if ever, do they publicly take the argument a step further, asserting that a growing manufacturing sector encourages craftsmanship and that craftsmanship is, if not a birthright, then a vital ingredient of the American self-image as a can-do, innovative, we-can-make-anything people.[G] Traditional vocational training in public high schools is gradually declining, strandingthousands of young people who seek training for a craft without going to college. Colleges, for their part, have since 1985 graduated fewer chemical, mechanical, industrial, and metallurgical(冶金的) engineers, partly in response to the reduced role of manufacturing, a big employer of them.[H] The decline started in the 1950s, when manufacturing generated a sturdy 28% of the nationalincome, or gross domestic product, and employed one-third of the workforce. Today, factory output generates just 12% of GDP and employs barely 9% of the nation’s workers.[I] Mass layoffs and plant closings have drawn plenty of headlines and public debate over the years,and they still occasionally do. But the damage to skill and craftsmanship—what’s needed to build a complex airliner or a tractor, or for a worker to move up from assembler to mechanist to supervisor—went largely unnoticed.[J] ―In an earlier generation, we lost our connection to the land, and now we are losing our connection to the machinery we depend on, ‖ says Michael Hout, a sociologist at the University of California, Berkley. ―People who work with their hands,‖ he went on, ―are doing things today that we call service jobs, in restaurants, or in medical technology and the like.‖[K] That’s one explanation for the decline in traditional craftsmanship. Lac k of interest is another.The big money is in fields like finance. Starting in the 1980s, skill in finance grew inimportance, and as depicted in the news media and the movies, became a more appealing source of income. By last years, Wall Street traders, bankers, and those who deal in real estate generated 21% of the national income, double their share in the 1950s. and Warren Buffet, the good-natured financier, became a homespun folk hero, without the tools and overalls(工作服) [L] ―Young people grow up without developing the skills to fix things around the house, ‖says Richard Curtin, director of the Thomson Reuters/University of Michigan Surveys of Consumers. ―They know about computers, of course, but they don’t know how to build them.‖[M] Manufacturing’s shrinking presence undoubtedly helps explain the decline in craftsmanship, if only because many of the nation’s assembly line workers were skilled in craft work, if not on the job then in their spare time. In a late 1990s study of blue-collar employees at a General Motors plant (now closed) in Linden, N,J., the sociologist Ruth Milkman of City University of New York found that many line workers, in their off-hours, did home renovation and other skilled work. ―I have often thought, ‖ Ms. Milkman says, ―that these extracurricular jobs were an effort on the part of the workers to regain their dignity after suffering the degradation of repetitive assembly line work in the factory.‖[N] Craft work has higher status in nations like Germany, which invests in apprenticeship(学徒) programs for high school students. ―Corporations in Germany realized that there was an interest to be served economically and patriotically in building up a skilled labor force at home;we never had that ethos(), ‖ says Richard Sennett, a New York Uni versity sociologist who has written about the connection of craft and culture.[O] The damage to American craftsmanship seems to parallel the steep slide in manufacturing employment. Though the decline started in the 1970s, it became much steeper beginning in 2000. since then, some 5.3 million jobs, or one-third of workforce in manufacturing, have been lost. A stated goal of the Obama administration is to restore a big chunk of this employment, along with the multitude of skills that many of the jobs required.[P] As for craftsmanship itself, the issue is how to preserve it as a valued skill in the general population. Ms. Milkman, the sociologist, argues that American craftsmanship isn’t disappearing as quickly as some would argue—that it has shifted to immigrants. ―Pride in craft, it is alive in the immigrant world, ‖ she says. Sol Axelrod, 37, the manager of the Home Deport here, fittingly learned to fix his own car as a teenager, even changing the brakes. Now he finds immigrant craftsmen gathered in abundance outside his store in the early morning, waiting for it to open so they can buy supplies for the day’s work as contractors. Skilled day laborers, also mostly immigrants, wait quietly in hopes of being hired by the contractors. [Q] Mr. Axelrod also says the recession and persistently high unemployment have forced many people to try to save money by doing more themselves, and Home Depot in response to offers classes in fixing water taps and other simple repairs. The teachers are store employees, many of them older and semi-retired from a skilled trade, or laid-off. ―Our customers may not be building cabinets or outdoor decks; we try to do that for them.,‖ Mr. Axelrod says, ―but some are trying to build up skill so they can do more for themselves in thes e hard times.‖46. Mastering tools and working with one’s hands used to be a valued skill in America.47. The fact that people can make more money in fields other than manufacturing contributes to thedecline of craftsmanship.48. High school students are losing opportunity of learning a traditional craft at school.49. Compared with German counterparts, American companies did not work towards encouragingcraftsmanship.50. Barack Obama did not present himself as skilled in craft work during his election campaign.51. Some people are trying to ride out the economic depression by doing more themselves.52. There is insufficient attention to the negative effects on craftsmanship produced by the declineof manufacturing.53. Most politicians or scholars fail to point out that manufacturing promotes craftsmanship.54. A sociologist argues that American craftsmanship, instead of disappearing, is being taken up byimmigrants.55. A study found that many assembly line workers did skilled work in their off-hours to restoretheir dignity as craftsmen.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions from 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.In the early 20th century, a horse named Clever Hans was believed capable of counting and other impressive mental task. After years of great performance, psychologists discovered that though Hans was certainly clever, he was not clever in the way everyone expected. The horse was cleverly picking up on tiny, unintentional bodily and facial signals given out not only by his trainer, but also by the audience. Aware of the ―Clever Hans‖ effect, Lisa Lit at the University of California and her colleagues wondered whether the beliefs of professional dog handlers might similarly affect the outcomes of searches for drug and explosives. Remarkably, Dr. Lit found, they do.Dr. Lit asked 18 professional dog handlers and their dogs to complete brief searches. Before the searches, the handlers were informed that some of search areas might contain up to three target scents, and also that in two cases those scents would be marked by pieces of red paper. What the handlers were not told was that none of the search areas contained the scents of either drugs or explosives. Any ―detections‖ made by the teams thus had to be false.The findings reveal that of 144 searches, only 21 were clean (no alerts). All the others raised one alert or more. In total, the teams raised 225 alerts. Whiles the sheer number of false alerts struck Dr. Lit as fascinating; it was where they took place that was of greatest interest.When handlers could see a red piece of paper, allegedly marking a location of interest, they were much more likely to say that their dogs signaled an alert. The human handlers were not only distracted on almost every occasion by the stimulus aimed at them, but also transmitted that distracted to their animals—who responded accordingly. To mix metaphors, the dogs were crying ―wolf‖ at the unconscious signal of their handlers.How much that matters in the real world is unclear. But it might. If a handler, for example, unconsciously ―profiled‖ people being sniffed by a drug or explosive-detecting dog at an airport, false positives could abound. That is not only bad for innocent travelers, but might distract the team from catching the guilty.56．Lisa Lit and her colleagues .A) questioned the ―Clever Hans‖ effectB) discovered the ―Clever Hans‖ effectC) rejected the ―Clever Hans‖ effectD) confirmed the ―Clever Hans‖ effect57．The dog handlers learned before the searches that .A) each search area contained three target scentsB) there was actually no target scent in the search areaC) their dogs were expected to find the scents of red paperD) some target scents may be labeled with a special mark58．What was most significant about the experiment, according to Dr.Lit?A) The regularity of the false alerts.B) The location of the false alerts.C) The number of the false alerts.D) The timing of the false alerts.59．It can be concluded from the experiment that .A) dogs may act in response to their handlers’ bodily signalsB) dog handlers are more likely to be distracted than their dogsC) the cooperation between dogs and their handlers is key to successD) well-trained dogs can better understand their handlers‖ signals60. The a uthor thinks that Dr.Lit’s findings.A) may not be useful in real situationsB) should raise our concern in real lifeC) should be backed up by further evidenceD) will be widely applied in the near futurePassage TwoQuestions from 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.People are living longer than ever, but for some reason, women are living longer than men. A baby boy born in the United States in 2003 can expect to live to be about 73, a baby girl, about 79. This is indeed a wide gap, and no one really knows why it exists. The greater longevity（长寿）of woman, however, has been known for centuries. It was, for example, described in the seventeenth century. However, the difference was smaller then-the gap is growing.A number of reasons have been proposed to account for the differences. The gap is greatest in industrialized societies, so it has been suggested that woman are less susceptible to work strains that may raise the risk of heart disease and alcoholism. Sociologists also tell us that woman are encouraged to be less adventurous than men (and this may be why they are more careful drivers, involved in fewer accidents).Even smoking has been implicated in the age discrepancy. It was once suggested that working women are more likely to smoke and as more women entered the work force, the age gap would begin to close, because smoking is related to earlier deaths. Now, however, we see more women smoking and they still tend to live longer although their lung cancer rate is climbing sharply.One puzzling aspect of the problem is that women do not appear to be as health as men. That is, they report far more illness. But when a man reports an illness, it is more likely to be serious.Some researches have suggested that men may die earlier because their health is more strongly related to their emotions. For example, men tend to die sooner after losing a spouse than women do. Men even seem to be more weakened by loss of a job. (Both of these are linked with a marked decrease in the effectiveness of the immune system.) Among men, death follows retirement with an alarming promptness.Perhaps we are searching for the answers too close to the surface of the problem. Perhaps the answers lie deeper in our biological heritage. After all, the phenomenon is not isolated to humans. Females have the edge among virtually all mammalian （哺乳动物的）species, in that they generally live longer. Furthermore, in many of these species the differences begin at the moment ofconception; there are more male miscarriages (流产). In humans, after birth, more baby boys than baby girls die.61. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?A) Men's lifespan remains almost unchanged.B) Researchers have found the causes of the age gap.C) The age gap was noticed only recently.D) The more advanced a society, the greater the age gap.62. As is suggested in Paragraph 2, the two factors relevant to women's longer lifespan are ____.A) disease and road accidentsB) industrialization and work strainsC) their endurance of work strains and reluctance for adventureD) their immunity to heart disease and refusal of alcohol63. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following statements is true?A) The great number of male smokers contributes to the age gap.B) The growing number of smoking women will narrow the age gap.C) Smoking does not seem to affect women's longevity.D) Female workers are more likely to smoke than male workers.64. Which of the following phenomenon makes researchers puzzled?A) Though more liable to illness, women still live longer.B) Men's health is more closely related to their emotions.C) Men show worse symptoms than women when they fall ill.D) Quite a number of men die soon after their retirement.65. What is the main idea of the passage?A) That women are healthier than men well explains their longevity.B) The greater longevity of women remains a mystery.C) People are living longer as a result of industrialization.D) Women are less emotionally affected by difficulties in life.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.普通话作为中国的官方语言在美国的学校中突然热起来。