《电路理论基础》(第三版 陈希有)习题答案第一章

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《电路分析基础》习题参考答案

《电路分析基础》习题参考答案

《电路分析基础》各章习题参考答案第1章习题参考答案1-1 (1) SOW; (2) 300 V、25V,200V、75V; (3) R=12.50, R3=1000, R4=37.5021-2 V =8.S V, V =8.S V, V =0.S V, V =-12V, V =-19V, V =21.S V U =8V, U =12.5,A mB D 'AB B CU =-27.S VDA1-3 Li=204 V, E=205 V1-4 (1) V A=lOO V ,V=99V ,V c=97V ,V0=7V ,V E=S V ,V F=l V ,U A F=99V ,U c E=92V ,U8E=94V,8U BF=98V, u cA=-3 V; (2) V c=90V, V B=92V, V A=93V, V E=-2V, V F=-6V, V G=-7V, U A F=99V, u c E=92V, U B E=94V, U BF=98V, U C A =-3 V1-5 R=806.70, 1=0.27A1-6 1=4A ,11 =llA ,l2=19A1-7 (a) U=6V, (b) U=24 V, (c) R=SO, (d) 1=23.SA1-8 (1) i6=-1A; (2) u4=10V ,u6=3 V; (3) Pl =-2W发出,P2=6W吸收,P3=16W吸收,P4=-lOW发出,PS=-7W发出,PG=-3W发出1-9 l=lA, U5=134V, R=7.801-10 S断开:UAB=-4.SV, UA0=-12V, UB0=-7.2V; S闭合:12 V, 12 V, 0 V1-12 UAB=llV / 12=0.SA / 13=4.SA / R3=2.401-13 R1 =19.88k0, R2=20 kO1-14 RPl=11.110, RP2=1000第2章习题参考答案2-1 2.40, SA2-2 (1) 4V ,2V ,1 V; (2) 40mA ,20mA ,lOmA 2-3 1.50 ,2A ,1/3A2-4 60 I 3602-5 2A, lA2-6 lA2-7 2A2-8 lOA2-9 l1=1.4A, l2=1.6A, l3=0.2A2-10 11=OA I l2=-3A I p l =OW I P2=-l8W2-11 11 =-lA, l2=-2A I E3=10V2-12 11=6A, l2=-3A I l3=3A2-13 11 =2A, l2=1A ,l3=1A ,14 =2A, l5=1A2-14 URL =30V I 11=2.SA I l2=-35A I I L =7.SA2-15 U ab=6V, 11=1.SA, 12=-lA, 13=0.SA2-16 11 =6A, l2=-3A I l3=3A2-17 1=4/SA, l2=-3/4A ,l3=2A ,14=31/20A ,l5=-11/4A12-18 1=0.SA I l2=-0.25A12-19 l=1A32-20 1=-lA52-21 (1) l=0A, U ab=O V; (2) l5=1A, U ab=llV。

电路理论基础(哈尔滨工业大学陈希有第3版) 第1章-第5章

电路理论基础(哈尔滨工业大学陈希有第3版) 第1章-第5章

a 电位: 任选一点p作为电位参考点,电路中某点与参考点之间的电压称为该点的电 位,用 表示。有了电位的概念,两点之间的电压便等于这两点的电位之差。
uab Ec dl
a A
(a)
a A
(b)
u ab
u ba
A
(c)
a uA

b
b
b
电压参考方向的表示法
一个元件上的电压和电流的参考方向取成相同的,并称为关联参考方向。

2 基尔霍夫电流定律
基尔霍夫电流定律(Kirchhoff's Current Law,简称KCL)表述为:在集中 参数电路中,任一时刻流出(或流入)任一节点的支路电流代数和等于零, 即
i
k
0
( ik 表示第 k 条支路电流)
规定: ik 参考方向为流出节点时, ik 前面 取“+”号; 流入节点时, ik 前面取“-”号。
i1
A
i2
1、在集中参数电路中,任一时刻流出(或流入) 任一闭合边界 S 的支路电流代数和等于零。
KCL的其它表述
2、任一时刻,流出任一节点(或闭合边界)电 流的代数和等于流入该节点电流的代数和。
根据右图,列写KCL方程 1)基本表述方 式——对节点
3 i3

S
4 i4 i6 7 i7 ③
节点① :
① u1 1
u
电压降
= u电压升
6 ③ u6 l1 5 u5 l2 7 u7 ⑤ 基尔霍夫电压定律示例
u2
l3 ②
2
说明:平面电路网孔上的KVL方程是一组独立方程。设电路有b个支路n个节 点,可以证明:平面电路的网孔数即独立KVL方程的个数等于b-(n-1)。当然 取网孔列方程只是获得独立KVL方程的充分条件,而不是必要条件。

电路基础课后习题答案[1]

电路基础课后习题答案[1]

第1章 章后习题解析一只“100Ω、100 W ”的电阻与120 V 电源相串联,至少要串入多大的电阻 R 才能使该电阻正常工作?电阻R 上消耗的功率又为多少?解:电阻允许通过的最大电流为1100100'===R P I A 所以应有 1120100=+R ,由此可解得:Ω=-=201001120R电阻R 上消耗的功率为 P =12×20=20W图(a )、(b )电路中,若让I =0.6A ,R =? 图(c )、(d )电路中,若让U =,R =? 解:(a)图电路中,3Ω电阻中通过的电流为 I ˊ=2-=1.4AR 与3Ω电阻相并联,端电压相同且为 U =×3= 所以 R =÷=7Ω(b)图电路中,3Ω电阻中通过的电流为 I ˊ=3÷3=1A R 与3Ω电阻相并联,端电压相同,因此 R =3÷=5Ω (c)图电路中,R 与3Ω电阻相串联,通过的电流相同,因此R =÷2=Ω(d)图电路中,3Ω电阻两端的电压为 U ˊ=3-= R 与3Ω电阻相串联,通过的电流相同且为 I =÷3=0.8A 所以 R =÷=Ω两个额定值分别是“110V ,40W ”“110V ,100W ”的灯泡,能否串联后接到220V 的电源上使用?如果两只灯泡的额定功率相同时又如何?解:两个额定电压值相同、额定功率不等的灯泡,其灯丝电阻是不同的,“110V ,40W ”灯泡的灯丝电阻为: Ω===5.302401102240P U R ;“110V ,100W ”灯泡的灯丝电阻为:Ω===12110011022100P U R ,若串联后接在220V 的电源上时,其通过两灯泡的电流相同,且为:52.01215.302220≈+=I A ,因此40W 灯泡两端实际所加电压为:3.1575.30252.040=⨯=U V ,显然这个电压超过了灯泡的额定值,而100 W 灯泡两端实际所加电压为:U 100=×121=,其实际电压低于额定值而不能正常工作,因此,这两个功率不相等的灯泡是不能串联后接到220V 电源上使用的。

电路理论课后答案,带步骤

电路理论课后答案,带步骤
题图3-4
解:(1)该电路有三个网孔。设网孔电流分别为 、 ,
参考方向如图3-4所示。并设受控源两端电压为U。
(2)列写网孔方程:
辅助方程为:
联立求解得:
U= V
所以: mW
3-5电路如题图3-5所示,试用网孔分析法求电流 和电压 。
题图3-5题图3-5(b)
解:(1)将原图中20A电流源与2 电阻并联部分等效为40V电压源与2 电阻串联,如图3-5(b)所示。
(2)列写节点方程:
整理得:
求解得: V
V
所以: V
3-7电路如题图3-7所示,①试用节点分析法列写电路的节点方程;②该电路能否用网孔分析法分析?为什么?
题图3-7题图3-7(b)
①解:
(1)将原图中的 电压源与 串联部分等效为 电流源与 并联。
且 。如图3-7(b)所示。
(2)该电路有5个节点,以节点5为参考点,节点电压分别设为: 、 、 ,
Ua=10-3I=4V
Ub=2I=4V
Uab=Ua–Ub=0V
题图1-2
1-3试计算题图1-3所示电路中I、Us、R和电源Us产生的功率。
解:做节点标识,A、B、C:
I1=6+12=18A
I2=I1-15=3A
I2+I3=12+5 I3=14A
I=15- I3=1A
US=3I1+12I2=90V
题图1-3
2-15题图2-15所示电路,试问当电阻R等于何值时,可获得最大功率,最大功率等于多少?
题图2-15图2-15(b)
解:先将a,b与R断开,则
得:
所以:共戴维南等效电路为图(a)所示
所以:当 时,获得最大功率

电路理论基础习题答案

电路理论基础习题答案

电路理论基础习题答案第一章1-1. (a)、(b)吸收10W ;(c)、(d)发出10W. 1-2. –1A; –10V; –1A; – 4mW.1-3. –0.5A; –6V; –15e –t V; 1.75cos2t A; 3Ω; 1.8cos 22t W.1-4. u =104 i ; u = -104 i ; u =2000i ; u = -104 i ; 1-5.1-6. 0.1A. 1-7.1-8. 2F; 4C; 0; 4J. 1-9. 9.6V,0.192W, 1.152mJ; 16V , 0, 3.2mJ.1-10. 1– e -106t A , t >0 取s .1-11. 3H, 6(1– t )2 J; 3mH, 6(1–1000 t ) 2 mJ;1-12. 0.4F, 0 .1-13. 供12W; 吸40W;吸2W; (2V)供26W, (5A)吸10W. 1-14. –40V , –1mA; –50V, –1mA; 50V , 1mA. 1-15. 0.5A,1W; 2A,4W; –1A, –2W; 1A,2W. 1-16. 10V ,50W;50V ,250W;–3V ,–15W;2V ,10W. 1-17. (a)2V;R 耗4/3W;U S : –2/3W, I S : 2W; (b) –3V; R 耗3W; U S : –2W, I S :5W; (c)2V ,–3V; R 耗4W;3W;U S :2W, I S :5W; 1-18. 24V , 发72W; 3A, 吸15W;24V 电压源; 3A ↓电流源或5/3Ω电阻. 1-19. 0,U S /R L ,U S ;U S /R 1 ,U S /R 1 , –U S R f /R 1 . 1-20. 6A, 4A, 2A, 1A, 4A; 8V, –10V , 18V . 1-21. K 打开:(a)0, 0, 0; (b)10V , 0, 10V; (c)10V,10V ,0; K 闭合: (a)10V ,4V ,6V; (b)4V ,4V ,0; (c)4V,0,4V; 1-22. 2V; 7V; 3.25V; 2V. 1-23. 10Ω.1-24. 14V .1-25. –2.333V , 1.333A; 0.4V , 0.8A.1-26. 12V , 2A, –48W; –6V , 3A, –54W . ※第二章2-1. 2.5Ω; 1.6R ; 8/3Ω; 0.5R ; 4Ω; 1.448Ω; . R /8; 1.5Ω; 1.269Ω; 40Ω; 14Ω. 2-2. 11.11Ω; 8Ω; 12.5Ω. 2-3. 1.618Ω.2-4. 400V;363.6V;I A =.5A, 电流表及滑线电阻损坏. 2-6. 5k Ω. 2-7. 0.75Ω.2-8. 10/3A,1.2Ω;–5V ,3Ω; 8V ,4Ω; 0.5A,30/11Ω. 2-9. 1A,2Ω; 5V,2Ω; 2A; 2A; 2A,6Ω. 2-10. –75mA; –0.5A.2-11. 6Ω; 7.5Ω; 0; 2.1Ω. 2-12. 4Ω; 1.5Ω; 2k Ω. 2-13. 5.333A; 4.286A. 2-14. (a) –1 A ↓; (b) –2 A ↓, 吸20W. 2-16. 3A. 2-17. 7.33V . 2-18. 86.76W. 2-19. 1V , 4W. 2-20. 64W.2-21. 15A, 11A, 17A. 2-23. 7V , 3A; 8V ,1A. 2-24. 4V , 2.5V, 2V. 2-26. 60V . 2-27. 4.5V. 2-28. –18V .2-29. 原构成无解的矛盾方程组; (改后)4V ,10V . 2-30. 3.33 k , 50 k . 2-31. R 3 (R 1 +R 2 ) i S /R 1 .2-32. 可证明 I L =-u S /R 3 . 2-33. –2 ; 4 .2-34. (u S1 + u S2 + u S3 )/3 . ※第三章3-1. –1+9=8V; 6+9=15V; sin t +0.2 e – t V. 3-2. 155V . 3-3. 190mA.i A0 s 1 12 3 1-e -t t 0 t ms i mA 410 0 t ms p mW 4 100 2 25i , A 0.4 .75 t 0 .25 1.25 ms -0.4 (d) u , V 80 0 10-20 t , ms(f ) u , V 1000 10 t , ms (e)p (W) 100 1 2 t (s) -103-4. 1.8倍.3-5. 左供52W, 右供78W. 3-6. 1; 1A; 0.75A.3-7. 3A; 1.33mA; 1.5mA; 2/3A; 2A. 3-8. 20V , –75.38V.3-9. –1A; 2A; –17.3mA. 3-10. 5V , 20; –2V, 4. 3-12. 4.6. 3-13. 2V; 0.5A. 3-14. 10V , 5k .3-15. 4/3, 75W; 4/3, 4.69W. 3-16. 1, 2.25W. 3-18. 50. 3-19. 0.2A. 3-20. 1A. 3-21. 1.6V . 3-22. 4A; –2A.3-23. 23.6V; 5A,10V . 3-24. 52V . ※第四章4-1. 141.1V , 100V , 50Hz, 0.02s,0o , –120o ; 120 o.4-2. 7.07/0 o A, 1/–45 o A, 18.75/–40.9 oA. 4-3. 3mU , 7.75mA .4-4. 10/53.13o A, 10/126.87o A, 10/–126.87oA,10/–53.13oA ;各瞬时表达式略。

《电路理论基础》(第三版--陈希有)习题答案第一章

《电路理论基础》(第三版--陈希有)习题答案第一章

《电路理论基础》(第三版--陈希有)习题答案第一章答案1.1解:图示电路电流的参考方向是从a 指向b 。

当时间t <2s 时电流从a 流向b,与参考方向相同,电流为正值;当t >2s 时电流从b 流向a ,与参考方向相反,电流为负值。

所以电流i 的数学表达式为2A 2s -3A 2s t i t <⎧=⎨>⎩答案1.2解:当0=t 时0(0)(59e )V 4V u =-=-<0其真实极性与参考方向相反,即b 为高电位端,a 为低电位端;当∞→t 时()(59e )V 5V u -∞∞=-=>0其真实极性与参考方向相同,即a 为高电位端,b 为低电位端。

答案1.3解:(a)元件A 电压和电流为关联参考方向。

元件A 消耗的功率为A A A p u i =则A A A 10W 5V 2Ap u i === 真实方向与参考方向相同。

(b) 元件B 电压和电流为关联参考方向。

元件B 消耗的功率为B B B p u i =则B B B 10W 1A 10Vp i u -===- 真实方向与参考方向相反。

(c) 元件C 电压和电流为非关联参考方向。

元件C 发出的功率为C C C p u i =则节点④:231A 0i i =--=若已知电流减少一个,不能求出全部未知电流。

(2)由KVL 方程得回路1l :1412233419V u u u u =++=回路2l :15144519V-7V=12V u u u =+=回路3l :52511212V+5V=-7V u u u =+=-回路4l :5354437V 8V 1V u u u =+=-=-若已知支路电压减少一个,不能求出全部未知电压。

答案1.6解:各元件电压电流的参考方向如图所示。

元件1消耗功率为:11110V 2A 20W p u i =-=-⨯=-对回路l 列KVL 方程得21410V-5V 5V u u u =+==元件2消耗功率为:2215V 2A 10W p u i ==⨯=元件3消耗功率为:333435V (3)A 15W p u i u i ===-⨯-=对节点①列KCL 方程4131A i i i =--=元件4消耗功率为:4445W p u i ==-答案1.7解:对节点列KCL 方程节点①:35A 7A 2A i =-+=节点③:47A 3A 10A i =+=节点②:5348A i i i =-+=对回路列KVL 方程得:回路1l :13510844V u i i =-⨯Ω+⨯Ω=回路2l :245158214V u i i =⨯Ω+⨯Ω=答案1.8解:由欧姆定律得130V 0.5A 60i ==Ω对节点①列KCL 方程10.3A 0.8A i i =+=对回路l 列KVL 方程1600.3A 5015V u i =-⨯Ω+⨯Ω=-因为电压源、电流源的电压、电流参考方向为非关联,所以电源发出的功率分别为S 30V 30V 0.8A 24W u P i =⨯=⨯=S 0.3A 15V 0.3A 4.5W i P u =⨯=-⨯=-即吸收4.5W 功率。

习题册参考答案-《电工与电子技术基础(第三版)习题册》-A07-0246.docx

习题册参考答案-《电工与电子技术基础(第三版)习题册》-A07-0246.docx

第二部分《电工与电子技术基础》(第三版)练习题参考答案第一章直流电路1§ 1电路的基本概念一、填空题1.电流、电源、负载、控制装置、连接导线2.电源、负载、车架、电动机、金属机体3.电路原理、方框、印刷电路4.原理图、连接关系、实际大小、相互之间的位置关系5.矩形框、箭头、直线6.印刷电路7.搭铁二、判断题1.√2.√三、选择题1.( B) 2 .( A)四、名词解释(本答案仅作参考)1.通路也称闭路,它是指电流从电源的正极沿着导线经过负载最终回到电源的负极,电流形成闭合路径。

这是电路的正常工作状态。

2.断路也称开路,它是指电路某处因某种需要或发生故障而断开,不能构成回路,此时电路中的电流为零。

3.指电路中的某元器件因内部击穿损坏或被导线直接短接等原因,电流未经该元器件或负载,直接从电源正极到达负极的现象。

短路通常是一种不正常现象,应尽量避免。

五、简答题1.电路图是指将电路中各元器件用图形符号表示,并用引线连接而成的关系图。

2.电路图能让我们简洁、直观地表达和了解电路的组成,便于分析电路的工作原理和1性能,便于电路的设计和安装。

现在,人们更可以借助计算机辅助设计,或进行虚拟的电路实验,更是极大地提高了工作效率。

3.从根本上说,方框图也是一种原理图。

不过它不是像原理图那样详细地绘制了电路中全部的元器件符号以及它们之间的连接方式,而只是简单地将电路按照功能划分为几个部分。

各部分用一个方框来代表,在方框中加上简单的文字或符号说明,方框间用直线或带箭头的直线连接,表示各个部分之间的关系。

1§ 2电流、电压及其测量一、填空题1.电荷有规则的定向移动称为电流。

2.电荷量、安培、安、 A3.直流、直流、DC4.稳恒直流5.脉动直流6.交变、交流、 AC7.直流电流表、直流电流、+、-8.交流电流表、交流电流、直流电流表、直流电流、串9.电压、 Uab10.伏特、 V11.电位、大地12.电动势、 E、伏特13.交流电压表、交流电压、直流电压表、直流电压14.化学能、电能、直15. 200 ~ 60016.存在于燃料与氧化剂中二、判断题1.×2.√3.√4.√5.×6.×2三、选择题1.(A) 2 .(C) 3 .(A) 4 .(B)四、简答题1.电源的作用与水泵相似,它不断地将正电荷从电源负极经电源内部移向正极,从而使电源的正、负极之间始终保持一定的电位差(电压),这样电路中才能有持续的电流。

电路理论基础课后习题答案 陈希有主编 第十到十四章

电路理论基础课后习题答案  陈希有主编   第十到十四章

答案10.1解:0<t时,电容处于开路,故V 20k 2m A 10)0(=Ω⨯=-C u由换路定律得:V 20)0()0(==-+C C u u换路后一瞬间,两电阻为串联,总电压为)0(+C u 。

所以m A 5k )22()0()0(1=Ω+=++C u i再由节点①的KCL 方程得:m A5m A )510()0(m A 10)0(1=-=-=++i i C答案10.2解:0<t时电容处于开路,电感处于短路,Ω3电阻与Ω6电阻相并联,所以A3)363685(V45)0(=Ω+⨯++=-i,A 2)0(366)0(=⨯+=--i i LV 24)0(8)0(=⨯=--i u C由换路定律得:V24)0()0(==-+C C u u ,A 2)0()0(==-+L L i i由KVL 得开关电压:V8V )2824()0(8)0()0(-=⨯+-=⨯+-=+++L C i u u答案10.3解:0<t 时电容处于开路,0=i ,受控源源电压04=i ,所以V 6.0V 5.1)69(6)0()0()0(1=⨯Ω+Ω===--+u u u C C>t 时,求等效电阻的电路如图(b)所示。

等效电阻Ω=++-==5)36(4i ii i i u R 时间常数s 1.0i ==C R τ0>t 后电路为零输入响应,故电容电压为:V e 6.0e )0()(10/t t C C u t u --+==τΩ6电阻电压为:V e 72.0)d d (66)(101t Ctu Ci t u -=-⨯Ω-=⨯Ω-=)0(>t答案10.4 解:<t 时电感处于短路,故A 3A 9363)0(=⨯+=-L i ,由换路定律得: A 3)0()0(==-+L L i i求等效电阻的电路如图(b)所示。

(b)等效电阻Ω=+⨯+=836366i R ,时间常数s 5.0/i ==R L τ 0>t 后电路为零输入响应,故电感电流为 A e 3e )0()(2/t t L L i t i --+==τ)0(≥t电感电压V e 24d d )(21t Lti Lt u --==)0(>t Ω3电阻电流为A e 23632133t L u i u i --=Ω+⨯Ω=Ω=Ω3电阻消耗的能量为:W3]e 25.0[1212304040233=-==Ω=∞-∞-∞Ω⎰⎰t t dt e dt i W答案10.5解:由换路定律得0)0()0(==-+L L i i ,达到稳态时电感处于短路,故A 54/20)(==∞L i求等效电阻的电路如图(b)所示。

电工基础第3版-思考与练习参考答案1-8章全

电工基础第3版-思考与练习参考答案1-8章全

第1章参考答案 第1页共12页第1章 电路的基本知识参考答案一、填空题1.电源 负载 连接导线 2.通路 短路 3.5×10-3 1×104 4.安培(A ) 串联 5.电压 qW U ABAB =6.相对 有关 绝对 无关7.由高电位指向低电位 由低电位指向高电位 8.电动势 qW E = 9.电 化学 10.1×104 11.3:4 12.R 41 13.主称 电阻器 电位器 14.±1% ±5% 15.5Ω ±5% 6.5W 16.正比 反比 RU I =17.电源电动势 电路的总电阻 Rr EI += 18.2A 19.220V 20.1A 4V第1章参考答案 第2页共12页21.单位时间 电源内电阻 负载 22.807 Ω 15W 23.6600W24.电流的平方 导体的电阻 通过的时间25.R =r 2max4E P RR =r二、选择题1.B2.D3.D4.B5.B6.D7.B8.A9.B 10.A 11.B 12.D 13.A 三、计算题 1.1 Ω2.1.5V 0.5 Ω 3.12V 50W4.(1)1.36A (2)225min 5.2.5 Ω 10W *四、综合题 略第2章 直流电路参考答案一、填空题 1.正 2.电流 正 3.分压 4.500Ω 5.1.5V 0.5A6.电压反7.分流8.20Ω9.2:110.12Ω6Ω11.6Ω12.-12V13.21V14.电流代数和∑I=0 各电阻上电压各电源电动势ΣRI=ΣE 15.4 6 716.-3A17.n-1 m-n+118.等效变换短路开路外电路内电路19.开路电压等效电阻20.短路开路21.代数和电流或电压功率二、选择题1.A2.B3.A4.B5.D6.A7.B8.D9.A 10.A11.A 12.B 13.D 14.C 15.A 16.C三、计算题1.串联36Ω电阻2.(1)2A 60V 110V 50V (2)4A 120V 0 100V 3.2.5kΩ27kΩ4.66.7Ω0.6A5.300Ω2mA6.6Ω7.(a)6.86Ω(b)7.2Ω第1章参考答案第3页共12页8.(a)6Ω3Ω(b)20Ω7.2Ω9.(1)6A (2)144V10.2A 3A 3A11.1.4A 4A 3A 1.6A 7A12.1A 10A 11A 110V13.(1)2A (2)-4V (3)8W四、综合题1.略2.(1)3 串(2)如图1所示(3)并3.如图2所示第3章电容器参考答案一、填空题1.1×1061×10122.储存电荷额定工作电压标称容量3.耐压不低于4.法拉微法皮法1F=106μF=1012pF第1章参考答案第4页共12页第1章参考答案 第5页共12页5.极板面积 两极板间距离 6.>7.小 反比 8.2121C C C C9.小于 越小 10.耐压 电容 11.C 1+C 2 12.大 相等 13.电容 耐压 14.200μF 900μF15.2×10-6J 72×10-6J 70×10-6J 16.0.05J 0.15J17.储能 电场能 电场能 221CU 二、选择题1.C2.B3.B4.C5.B6.B7.C8.D9.A 三、计算题 1. 0.015C2.将4个电容器两两串联再两两并联3.(1)120μF (2)击穿4.(1)6.67μF 37.5V (2)30μF 16V5. 4.8μF 5μF第4章 磁与电参考答案一、填空题1.磁性磁体2.磁极N极和S极3.排斥吸引4.磁场磁场5.电场磁场6.磁通磁感应强度B=ΦS7.媒介质亨利每米4π×10-7H/m8.软磁硬磁矩磁9.电磁力安培力10.磁场11.B与I相互垂直12.BIL sinαBIS cosα左手定则13.电磁感应感应电流14.磁通变化率法拉第电磁感应15.切割磁感线16.感应电动势感应电流17.变化自感电动势18.L19.空心电感器铁心电感器可调电感器20.空心电感器21.主称线圈特征高频形式小型22.标称电感量额定电流23.12μH ±5% 50mA24.μH二、选择题1.A2.C3.A4.A 5C 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.D 10.D 11.A 12.C 13.D 14.C第1章参考答案第6页共12页第1章参考答案 第7页共12页三、综合题略第5章 正弦交流电路参考答案一、填空题1.正弦规律 单相交流电 AC 2.有效值 最大值和有效值的2倍 3.频率 f =T1ω=T π24.50Hz 220V 5.502A 50A 6.0.02s 50Hz7.最大值 频率 初相位8.2A 100πrad/s 0.02s i =2sin (314t +6π)A 9.i =152sin (314t -3π)A 10.瞬时 11.反相12.50Hz 70.7V 100sin (100πt -600)V 13.20sin314t V 10sin (314t -4π)V 4π 14.储能 耗能 15.欧姆 u 与i 同相 16.32W17.0.942Ω 18.84Ω 18.减小一半第1章参考答案 第8页共12页19.增大 20.12.5var 0 21.1 0 0 22.电阻 23.U R U 24.13V25.电感 电容 电阻 26.0.5*27.1A 50V*28.减小 不变 增大 不变 *29.X L =X CLCπ21*30.选择性 通频带 二、选择题1.B2.D3.C4.C5.C6.D7.C8.B9.D 10.A11.C 12.A 13.D 14.C 15.B 16.B 17.D 18.C 19.A 20.C *21.C *22.C *23.B *24.D 三、计算题1.(1)4.55A i =4.552sin (ωt -3π)A (2)1000W 2.(1)35A i =352sin (314t -600)A (2)7707var 3.(1)44A i =442sin (314t +300)A (2)9680var 4.(1)28.3Ω (2)7.78A (3)1210W (4)0.707 5. 302.5Ω 1.67H6.(1)100Ω (2)2.2A (3)387.2W (4)0.8 7.(1)42.4Ω (2)5.2A (3)156V 364V 208V (4)811W 811var 1144V A (5)感性*8.(1)100V (2)13.3Ω 127mH 106μF (3)53.10第1章参考答案 第9页共12页(4)480W 360var 600V A*9.(1)5Ω (2)电感性 (3)4.33Ω 2.5Ω (4)17.32W *10.(1)318Hz (2)0.2mA (3)200 (4)2V *四、综合题1.(1)不变 (2)减小 (3)交流250V 或500V (4)U =L R U U2.略3.略第6章 三相交流电路参考答案一、填空题1.三相交流发电机 最大值 频率 12002.三根相线和一根中线 相线与中线 相线与相线 33.三相四线 三相三线 4.380V 220V 5.黄、绿、红 黑或白 6.线电压 220V 7.顺时针 逆时针8.三相对称负载 三相不对称负载 三相照明电路 9.星形 三角形10.三相三线 三相四线 使不对称负载两端电压保持对称 11.星形 三角形 星形 三角形 12.380V 220V 13.0 10A 8A 14.13二、选择题1.D2.C3.A4.A5.B6.C7.A8.A9.A 10.B三、计算题1. (1)50A 50A (2)0 50A 50A (3)190V 190V2. 0 19A 19A 19A 19A 32.9A3. (1)22A 22A 11.6kW (2)38A 66A 34.8kW4. 2.2A 2.2A 1448W5. (1)38A 65.8A (2)0.6 (3)26kW6. (1)0.69 (2)18.2Ω7. 9.84A 5.68A*四、综合题星形接法三角形接法3kW第7章变压器与电动机参考答案一、填空题1.电磁感应变压变流变阻抗2.铁心线圈硅钢片3.20A4.把大电流变换成小电流将高电压变换成低电压5.短路开路6.定子转子电动机7.定子转子三角形星形8.相序相同磁极对数和电源频率9.1500r/min10.小临界第1章参考答案第10页共12页11.串电阻降压启动Y-Δ降压启动自耦补偿器降压启动延边三角形降压启动12.变极变频变转差率13.反接制动能耗制动二、选择题1.D2.C3.A4.C5.C6.D7.A三、计算题1. 80匝2. 220*第8章安全用电参考答案一、填空题1.发电输电变电配电用电2.其它形式的能量火力发电厂水力发电厂原子能发电厂3.变电输电配电4.36V 50mA5.单相触电双相触电跨步电压触电6.触电7.双相触电8.跨步电压触电9.脱离电源现场判断现场救护10.低压高压11.口对口人工呼吸救护法心脏胸外挤压救护法12.切断电源13.保护接地保护接零工作接地重复接地14.火接地接零第1章参考答案第11页共12页15.重复接地16.保护接地保护接零17.技术经济电能18.照明节电电动机节电变压器节电二、选择题1.B2.B3.C4.D5.D6.A三、选择题略四、综合题略第1章参考答案第12页共12页。

习题册答案-《电工与电子技术基础(第三版)习题册》-A07-0246

习题册答案-《电工与电子技术基础(第三版)习题册》-A07-0246

第二部分《电工与电子技术基础》(第三版)练习题参考答案第一章直流电路1§1 电路的基本概念一、填空题1.电流、电源、负载、控制装置、连接导线2.电源、负载、车架、电动机、金属机体3.电路原理、方框、印刷电路4.原理图、连接关系、实际大小、相互之间的位置关系5.矩形框、箭头、直线6.印刷电路7.搭铁二、判断题1.√ 2.√三、选择题1.(B) 2.(A)四、名词解释(本答案仅作参考)1.通路也称闭路,它是指电流从电源的正极沿着导线经过负载最终回到电源的负极,电流形成闭合路径。

这是电路的正常工作状态。

2.断路也称开路,它是指电路某处因某种需要或发生故障而断开,不能构成回路,此时电路中的电流为零。

3.指电路中的某元器件因内部击穿损坏或被导线直接短接等原因,电流未经该元器件或负载,直接从电源正极到达负极的现象。

短路通常是一种不正常现象,应尽量避免。

五、简答题1.电路图是指将电路中各元器件用图形符号表示,并用引线连接而成的关系图。

2.电路图能让我们简洁、直观地表达和了解电路的组成,便于分析电路的工作原理和性能,便于电路的设计和安装。

现在,人们更可以借助计算机辅助设计,或进行虚拟的电路实验,更是极大地提高了工作效率。

3.从根本上说,方框图也是一种原理图。

不过它不是像原理图那样详细地绘制了电路中全部的元器件符号以及它们之间的连接方式,而只是简单地将电路按照功能划分为几个部分。

各部分用一个方框来代表,在方框中加上简单的文字或符号说明,方框间用直线或带箭头的直线连接,表示各个部分之间的关系。

1§2 电流、电压及其测量一、填空题1.电荷有规则的定向移动称为电流。

2.电荷量、安培、安、 A3.直流、直流、DC4.稳恒直流5.脉动直流6.交变、交流、AC7.直流电流表、直流电流、+ 、-8.交流电流表、交流电流、直流电流表、直流电流、串9.电压、 Uab10.伏特、 V11.电位、大地12.电动势、 E 、伏特13.交流电压表、交流电压、直流电压表、直流电压14.化学能、电能、直15. 200~60016.存在于燃料与氧化剂中二、判断题1.× 2.√ 3.√ 4.√ 5.× 6.×三、选择题1.(A) 2.(C) 3.(A) 4.(B)四、简答题1.电源的作用与水泵相似,它不断地将正电荷从电源负极经电源内部移向正极,从而使电源的正、负极之间始终保持一定的电位差(电压),这样电路中才能有持续的电流。

电路理论基础(哈尔滨工业大学陈希有第3版)13共44页文档

电路理论基础(哈尔滨工业大学陈希有第3版)13共44页文档
2
5 3
6 ② 1
两个子图


4
3
2
6

(a)
③①
4

6

(b)
有向图:图中的所有支路都指定了方向,则称为有向图;反之为无向图
回 路: 从图中某一节点出发,经过若干支路和节点(均只许经过一次)又 回到出发节点所形成的闭合路径称为回路。 割 集: 连通图的割集是一组支路集合,并且满足:
(1)如果移去包含在此集合中的全部支路(保留支路的两个端点),则 此图变成两个分离的部分。
单树支割集
4
5
3
4
5
3
c1
1
2
6
c2 1
2
6
1
(a)
(b)
(c)
基本割集:每取一个树支作一个单树支图割基本集割,集称为基本割集。
基本割集的方向规定为所含树支的方向。
基本割集的性质 图中3个基本割集 KCL方程是(独立):
c1
i1i5i6 0
c 2 i2i4i5i60
1 3 . 1 网 络 的 图 树
基本要求:掌握网络的图、子图、连通图、割集和树等概念。
1 网络的图
图( graph) :由“点” 和“线”组成。 • “点”也称为节点或顶点(vertex),“线”也称为支路或
边(edge)。 • 图通常用符号G来表示。
图 (a) 电路只含二端元件,对应的图如图 (b)所示。
用点表示王宫,用线表示王宫间的 道路,便抽象成图。问题变成该图 是否为平面图?
4 四色定理
四色问题:只须4种不同颜色,就能使平面地图上任何两个相 邻的国家的颜色不同。
图论问题:用点表示国家,用边表示国家直接相邻。证明只 须4种颜色就可使所有相邻顶点具有不同颜色。

《电路分析基础第三版》-第1章电路分析的电子教案

《电路分析基础第三版》-第1章电路分析的电子教案

运算放大器 21
作为理想运算放大器模型,具 有以下条件: 1. 即从输入端看进去元件相当于开路, 称为“虚断”。 2. 开环电压增益 A=∞(模型中的 A 改为 ∞),即两输入端之间相当于“短路”, 称为“虚短”。 “虚断”、“虚短”是分析含理想运 算放大器电路的基本依据。
22
1.8 等效电路的概念
6
1.1.2
实际电路的组成
下图1-1是我们日常生活中的手电筒电路,就是一 个最简单的实际电路。它由3部分组成:(1)是提
供电能的能源,简称电源;(2)是用电装置,统称
其为负载,它将电能转换为其他形式的能量; (3)是连接电源与负
s
1
3
图 1-1 手电筒电路 7
载传输电能的金属导
线,简称导线。电源、
1
2 a 3
i3
4
i4
图1-9 说明KCL
17
1.6.2 基尔霍夫电压定律(KVL)
KVL的基本内容是:对于任何集总电路中的任 一回路,在任一瞬间,沿回路的各支路电压的代数 和为零。
如图1-10,从a点开始按 a 顺时针方向(也可按逆时针方向) _ 绕行一周,有: u4 4 u1- u2- u3+ u4=0 + 当绕行方向与电压参考方向 一致(从正极到负极),电压 d 为正,反之为负。
11电路和电路模型1315电压源和电流源16基尔霍夫定律12电流和电压的参考方向18等效电路的概念19电阻的串联与并联110含独立源电路的等效化简111含受控源电路的等效化简112平衡电桥电阻y形连接与三角形连接的等效变换17受控源与运算放大器支路上电流电压的参考方向及电流电压间关联参考方向的概念
21世纪高职高专新概念教材
29

电路理论教程答案陈希有

电路理论教程答案陈希有

电路理论教程答案陈希有【篇一:《电路理论基础》(第三版陈希有)习题答案第一章】电路电流的参考方向是从a指向b。

当时间t2s时电流从a流向b,与参考方向相同,电流为正值;当t2s时电流从b流向a,与参考方向相反,电流为负值。

所以电流i的数学表达式为2a t?2s? i??-3at?2s ?答案1.2解:当t?0时u(0)?(5?9e0)v??4v0其真实极性与参考方向相反,即b为高电位端,a为低电位端;当t??时u(?)?(5?9e??)v?5v0其真实极性与参考方向相同,即a为高电位端,b为低电位端。

答案1.3解:(a)元件a电压和电流为关联参考方向。

元件a消耗的功率为pa?uaia则ua?pa10w??5v ia2a真实方向与参考方向相同。

(b) 元件b电压和电流为关联参考方向。

元件b消耗的功率为pb?ubib则ib?pb?10w1a ub10v真实方向与参考方向相反。

(c) 元件c电压和电流为非关联参考方向。

元件c发出的功率为pc?ucic则uc?pc?10w10v ic1a真实方向与参考方向相反。

答案1.4解:对节点列kcl方程节点③: i4?2a?3a?0,得i4?2a?3a=5a节点④: ?i3?i4?8a?0,得i3??i4?8a?3a节点①: ?i2?i3?1a?0,得i2?i3?1a?4a节点⑤: ?i1?i2?3a?8a?0,得i1?i2?3a?8a??1a若只求i2,可做闭合面如图(b)所示,对其列kcl方程,得 i28a-3a+1a-2a0解得i2?8a?3a?1a?2a?4a答案1.5解:如下图所示(1)由kcl方程得节点①:i1??2a?1a??3a节点②:i4?i1?1a??2a节点③:i3?i4?1a??1a节点④:i2??1a?i3?0若已知电流减少一个,不能求出全部未知电流。

(2)由kvl方程得回路l1:u14?u12?u23?u34?19v回路l2:u15?u14?u45?19v-7v=12v回路l3:u52?u51?u12??12v+5v=-7v回路l4:u53?u54?u43?7v?8v??1v若已知支路电压减少一个,不能求出全部未知电压。

陈希有电路理论教程答案

陈希有电路理论教程答案

陈希有电路理论教程答案【篇一:电路理论基础课后答案(哈工大陈希有)第12章】图题12.1解:分别对节点①和右边回路列kcl与kvl方程:?iq?ir?ilc?c??u???u?q/clc将各元件方程代入上式得非线性状态方程:??q?f(?)?f(q/c)12???q/c方程中不明显含有时间变量t,因此是自治的。

题12.2图示电路,设u,列出状态方程。

?f(q),u?f(q)111222r图题12.2r4解:分别对节点①、②列kcl方程:节点①:??i?(u?u)/ri1?q 1s123节点②:??(u?u)/r?u/ri2?q 212324将u?f(q),u?f(q)111222代入上述方程,整理得状态方程:?q??f(q)/r?f(q)/r?i?1113223s??q?f(q)/r?f(q)(r?r)/(rr)2113223434?题12.322出电路的状态方程。

uu1解:分别对节点①列kcl方程和图示回路列kvl方程得:图题12.3?qiu (1)?1?2?3/r3????u?u(2)?2s3u3为非状态变量,须消去。

由节点①的kcl方程得:u?u3u31?i?i?i??i?0 2342rr34解得u?(u?ri)r/(r?r)?[f(q)?rf()]r/(r?r) 314233411422334将?及u3代入式(1)、(2)整理得:?q??f(q)/(r?r)?f()r/(r?r)?1113422334????f(q)r/(r?r)?f()rr/(r?r)?u211334223434s????题12.4,试分别写出用前向欧拉法、后向欧拉法和梯形法计算响?sin(?t) us图题12.4l解:由kvl列出电路的微分方程:ul?d???ri?u??)??sin(?t) sdt前向欧拉法迭代公式:????h[?)??sin(?t)]k?1kkk后向欧拉法迭代公式:????h[?)??sin(?t)]k?1kk?1k?1梯形法迭代公式:????0.5[)??(?t))??sin(?t)]k?1kkkk?1k?1题12.5?1f,u(0)?7v,u?10v电路及非线性电阻的电压电流关系如图所示。

电路基础(第三版)Alexander and Sadiku著 课后题答案chapter 01

电路基础(第三版)Alexander and Sadiku著 课后题答案chapter 01

How many coulombs are represented by these amounts of electrons:(a) (b)1710482.6×181024.1×(c) (d)191046.2×2010628.1×Chapter 1, Solution 1(a) q = 6.482x1017 x [-1.602x10-19 C] = -0.10384 C(b) q = 1. 24x1018 x [-1.602x10-19 C] = -0.19865 C(c) q = 2.46x1019 x [-1.602x10-19 C] = -3.941 C(d) q = 1.628x1020 x [-1.602x10-19 C] = -26.08 CChapter 1, Problem 2.Determine the current flowing through an element if the charge flow is given by(a)()()mC 83+=t t q (b)()C 2)482t-t (t q +=(c) ()()nC e 5e 3t q t 2-t −−=(d) ()pC t sin 10 120t q π=(e)()C t 50cos 204μt e t q −=Chapter 1, Solution 2(a) i = dq/dt = 3 mA(b) i = dq/dt = (16t + 4) A(c) i = dq/dt = (-3e -t + 10e -2t ) nA(d) i=dq/dt = 1200120ππcos t pA(e) i =dq/dt =−+−e t t t 48050100050(cos sin ) A μPROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsFind the charge q (t ) flowing through a device if the current is:(a)()()C 10 A,3==q t i (b) 0)0(,mA )52()(=+=q t t i(c) C 2(0) A,)6/10cos(20)(μμπ=+=q t t i(d)()0(0) A,40sin 1030==−q t e t i tChapter 1, Solution 3(a) C 1)(3t +=+=∫q(0)i(t)dt q(t)(b) mC 5t)(t 2+=++=∫q(v)dt s)(2t q(t)(c) ()q(t)20 cos 10t /6q(0)(2sin(10/6)1)C t ππμ=++=++∫ (d) C 40t) sin 0.12t (0.16cos40e 30t -+−=−+=+=∫ t)cos 40-t 40sin 30(1600900e 10q(0)t 40sin 10e q(t)-30t30t-Chapter 1, Problem 4.A current of 3.2 A flows through a conductor. Calculate how much charge passes through any cross-section of the conductor in 20 seconds.Chapter 1, Solution 4q = it = 3.2 x 20 = 64 CChapter 1, Problem 5.Determine the total charge transferred over the time interval of 0 ≤ t ≤ 10s when1()2i t t = A.Chapter 1, Solution 5102010125 C 024t q idt tdt ====∫∫ PROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsThe charge entering a certain element is shown in Fig. 1.23. Find the current at:(a) t = 1 ms (b) t = 6 ms (c) t = 10 msFigure 1.23Chapter 1, Solution 6(a) At t = 1ms, ===280dt dq i 40 A (b) At t = 6ms, ==dtdq i 0 A (c) At t = 10ms, ===480dt dq i –20 APROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsThe charge flowing in a wire is plotted in Fig. 1.24. Sketch the correspondingcurrent.Figure 1.24Chapter 1, Solution 7⎢⎢⎢⎣⎡<<<<<<==8t 6 25A,6t 2 25A,-2t 0 A,25dt dq iwhich is sketched below:PROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsThe current flowing past a point in a device is shown in Fig. 1.25. Calculate the total charge through the point.Figure 1.25Chapter 1, Solution 8C 15μ1102110idt q =×+×==∫PROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsThe current through an element is shown in Fig. 1.26. Determine the total charge that passed through the element at:(a) t = 1 s (b) t = 3 s (c) t = 5 sFigure 1.26Chapter 1, Solution 9(a) C 10===∫∫10dt 10idt q (b) C5.2255.7151521510110idt q 30=++=×+⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛×−+×==∫ (c) C 30=++==∫101010idt q 5Chapter 1, Problem 10.A lightning bolt with 8 kA strikes an object for 15 μ s. How much charge isdeposited on the object?Chapter 1, Solution 10q = it = 8x103x15x10-6 = 120 mCPROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsChapter 1, Problem 11.A rechargeable flashlight battery is capable of delivering 85 mA for about 12 h. How much charge can it release at that rate? If its terminals voltage is 1.2 V, how much energy can the battery deliver?Chapter 1, Solution 11q= it = 85 x10-3 x 12 x 60 x 60 = 3,672 CE = pt = ivt = qv = 3672 x1.2 = 4406.4 JChapter 1, Problem 12.If the current flowing through an element is given by()⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧><<<<<<=15s t 0,15st 10 A, 12-10s t 6 A,186s t 0 A,3t t iPlot the charge stored in the element over 0 < t < 20s.Chapter 1, Solution 12For 0 < t < 6s, assuming q(0) = 0,q t idt q tdt t t t()().=+=+=∫∫03015020At t=6, q(6) = 1.5(6)2 = 54For 6 < t < 10s,PROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators 4q t idt q dt t t t()()=+=+=−∫∫6185418566At t=10, q(10) = 180 – 54 = 126For 10<t<15s,q t idt q dt t t t()()()=+=−+=−+∫∫1012126122461010At t=15, q(15) = -12x15 + 246 = 66For 15<t<20s,PROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators 66q t dt q t()()=+=∫01515Thus,q t t t t ().,=−−+⎧⎨⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪15185412246662C,0 <t <6s C, 6 <t <10s C, 10 < t < 15s C 15 <t <20sThe plot of the charge is shown below.The charge entering the positive terminal of an element is10sin 4 mC q t π=while the voltage across the element (plus to minus) is2cos 4 V v t π=(a) Find the power delivered to the element at t = 0.3 s(b) Calculate the energy delivered to the element between 0 and 0.6s.Chapter 1, Solution 13(a) 40cos 4 mA dq i t dtππ== 280cos 4 mW p vi t ππ==At t=0.3s, 280cos (40.3)164.5 mW p x ππ==(b) 0.60.620080cos 440[1cos8] mJ W pdt tdt t dt ππππ===+∫∫∫0.61400.6sin 878.34 mJ 08W t πππ⎡⎤=+=⎢⎥⎣⎦PROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsThe voltage v across a device and the current I through it are()()()A 110 V, 2cos 55.0t e t i t t v −−==Calculate:(a) the total charge in the device at t = 1 s(b) the power consumed by the device at t = 1 s.Chapter 1, Solution 14(a) ()()()C 2.131=−+=+===∫∫2e 21102e t 10dt e -110idt q 0.5-10.5t -100.5t -(b) p(t) = v(t)i(t)p(1) = 5cos2 ⋅ 10(1- e -0.5) = (-2.081)(3.935)= -8.188 WChapter 1, Problem 15.The current entering the positive terminal of a device is ()A 32t e t i −= and the voltage across the device is .()V / 5dt di t v =(a) Find the charge delivered to the device between t = 0 and t = 2 s.(b) Calculate the power absorbed.(c) Determine the energy absorbed in 3 s.Chapter 1, Solution 15 (a) ()=−−=−===∫∫1e 5.1e 23dt 3e idt q 4-202t 202t-1.4725 C (b)W e 90)(t 4−−==−=−==vi p e 305e 6dt di 5v 2t -2t (c) J 22.5−=−−===∫∫304t -304t -e 490dt e -90pdt w PROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsFigure 1.27 shows the current through and the voltage across a device. (a) Sketch the power delivered to the device for t >0. (b) Find the total energy absorbed by thedevice for the period of 0< t < 4s.0 2 4 t(s)Figure 1.27 For Prob. 1.16.PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators(a)30 mA, 0 < t <2()120-30t mA, 2 < t<4t i t ⎧=⎨⎩5 V, 0 < t <2()-5 V, 2 < t<4v t ⎧=⎨⎩150 mW, 0 < t <2()-600+150t mW, 2 < t<4t p t ⎧=⎨⎩ which is sketched below.PROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No partof this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the priorwritten permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators(b) From the graph of p,40 J W pdt ==∫Figure 1.28 shows a circuit with five elements. IfW, 30 W, 45 W, 60 W, 2055421===−=p p p pcalculate the power p 3 received or delivered by element 3.Figure 1.28Chapter 1, Solution 17Σ p = 0 → -205 + 60 + 45 + 30 + p 3 = 0p 3 = 205 – 135 = 70 WThus element 3 receives 70 W.PROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsFind the power absorbed by each of the elements in Fig. 1.29.Figure 1.29Chapter 1, Solution 18p1 = 30(-10) = -300 Wp2 = 10(10) = 100 Wp3 = 20(14) = 280 Wp4 = 8(-4) = -32 Wp5 = 12(-4) = -48 WPROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsChapter 1, Problem 19.Find I in the network of Fig. 1.30.V 4 A PROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No partof this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the priorwritten permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsFigure 1.30 For Prob. 1.19.Chapter 1, Solution 19I = 4 –1 = 3 AOr using power conservation,9x4 = 1x9 + 3I + 6I = 9 + 9I4 = 1 + I or I = 3 AChapter 1, Problem 20.Find V 0 in the circuit of Fig. 1.31.Figure 1.31Chapter 1, Solution 20Since Σ p = 0-30×6 + 6×12 + 3V 0 + 28 + 28×2 - 3×10 = 072 + 84 + 3V 0 = 210 or 3V 0 = 54V 0 = 18 VChapter 1, Problem 21.A 60-W, incandescent bulb operates at 120 V. How many electrons and coulombs flow through the bulb in one day?Chapter 1, Solution 21600.5 A 120p p vi i v =⎯⎯→=== q = it = 0.5x24x60x60 = 43200 C18236.2410 2.69610 electrons e N qx x x ==PROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsChapter 1, Problem 22.A lightning bolt strikes an airplane with 30 kA for 2 ms. How many coulombs of charge are deposited on the plane?Chapter 1, Solution 2233301021060 C q it x x x −===Chapter 1, Problem 23.A 1.8-kW electric heater takes 15 min to boil a quantity of water. If this is done once a day and power costs 10 cents per kWh, what is the cost of its operation for 30 days?Chapter 1, Solution 23W = pt = 1.8x(15/60) x30 kWh = 13.5kWhC = 10cents x13.5 = $1.35Chapter 1, Problem 24.A utility company charges 8.5 cents/kWh. If a consumer operates a 40-W light bulb continuously for one day, how much is the consumer charged?Chapter 1, Solution 24W = pt = 40 x24 Wh = 0.96 kWhC = 8.5 cents x0.96 = 8.16 centsChapter 1, Problem 25.A 1.2-kW toaster takes roughly 4 minutes to heat four slices of bread. Find the cost of operating the toaster once per day for 1 month (30 days). Assume energy costs 9 cents/kWh.Chapter 1, Solution 25cents 21.6 cents/kWh 930hr 604 kW 1.2 Cost =×××= PROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsA flashlight battery has a rating of 0.8 ampere-hours (Ah) and a lifetime of 10 hours.(a) How much current can it deliver?(b) How much power can it give if its terminal voltage is 6 V?(c) How much energy is stored in the battery in kWh?Chapter 1, Solution 26(a) mA 80.=⋅=10hh A 80i (b) p = vi = 6 × 0.08 = 0.48 W(c) w = pt = 0.48 × 10 Wh = 0.0048 kWhChapter 1, Problem 27.A constant current of 3 A for 4 hours is required to charge an automotive battery. If the terminal voltage is 10 + t /2 V, where t is in hours,(a) how much charge is transported as a result of the charging?(b) how much energy is expended?(c) how much does the charging cost? Assume electricity costs 9 cents/kWh.Chapter 1, Solution 27∫∫=××====×==kC 43.2 36004 3 T 33dt idt q 36004 4h T Let (a)T 0[]kJ 475.2...)((=××+×=⎟⎟⎠⎞⎜⎜⎝⎛+=⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛+===×∫∫∫36001625036004033600250103dt 3600t 50103vidt pdt W b)36004020T 0t t Tcents 1.188(=×===cent 9kWh 3600475.2 Cost Ws)(J kWs, 475.2W c) PROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsA 30-W incandescent lamp is connected to a 120-V source and is left burningcontinuously in an otherwise dark staircase. Determine:(a) the current through the lamp,(b) the cost of operating the light for one non-leap year if electricity costs 12 centsper kWh.Chapter 1, Solution 28A 0.25===12030 (a)V P i$31.54(=×==××==262.8 $0.12Cost kWh 262.8Wh 2436530pt W b)Chapter 1, Problem 29.An electric stove with four burners and an oven is used in preparing a meal as follows.Burner 1: 20 minutes Burner 2: 40 minutesBurner 3: 15 minutes Burner 4: 45 minutesOven: 30 minutesIf each burner is rated at 1.2 kW and the oven at 1.8 kW, and electricity costs 12 cents per kWh, calculate the cost of electricity used in preparing the meal.Chapter 1, Solution 29cents39.6.=×==+=⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛++++== 3.3 cents 12Cost kWh 3.30.92.4hr 6030kW 1.8hr 6045)1540(20kW 21pt wPROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsPROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsReliant Energy (the electric company in Houston, Texas) charges customers as follows:Monthly charge $6First 250 kWh @ $0.02/kWhAll additional kWh @ $0.07/kWhIf a customer uses 1,218 kWh in one month, how much will Reliant Energy charge?Chapter 1, Solution 30Monthly charge = $6First 250 kWh @ $0.02/kWh = $5Remaining 968 kWh @ $0.07/kWh= $67.76Total = $78.76Chapter 1, Problem 31.In a household, a 120-W PC is run for 4 hours/day, while a 60-W bulb runs for 8hours/day. If the utility company charges $0.12/kWh, calculate how much the household pays per year on the PC and the bulb.Chapter 1, Solution 31Total energy consumed = 365(120x4 + 60x8) WCost = $0.12x365x960/1000 = $42.05Chapter 1, Problem 32.A telephone wire has a current of 20 μ A flowing through it. How long does it take for a charge of 15 C to pass through the wire?Chapter 1, Solution 32i = 20 µAq = 15 Ct = q/i = 15/(20x10-6) = 750x103 hrsA lightning bolt carried a current of 2 kA and lasted for 3 ms. How many coulombs of charge were contained in the lightning bolt?Chapter 1, Solution 33C 61032000idt q dtdq i 3=××==→=−∫Chapter 1, Problem 34.Figure 1.32 shows the power consumption of a certain household in one day.Calculate: (a) the total energy consumed in kWh, (b) the average power per hour.Figure 1.32Chapter 1, Solution 34(a) Energy = = 200 x 6 + 800 x 2 + 200 x 10 + 1200 x 4 + 200 x 2 pt ∑ = 10 kWh(b) Average power = 10,000/24 = 416.7 WPROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsThe graph in Fig. 1.33 represents the power drawn by an industrial plant between 8:00 and 8:30 A.M. Calculate the total energy in MWh consumed by the plant.Figure 1.33Chapter 1, Solution 35energy = (5x5 + 4x5 + 3x5 + 8x5 + 4x10)/60 = 2.333 MWhrChapter 1, Problem 36.A battery may be rated in ampere-hours (Ah). A lead-acid battery is rated at 160 Ah.(a) What is the maximum current it can supply for 40 h?(b) How many days will it last if it is discharged at 1 mA?Chapter 1, Solution 36days 6,667,(A 4====⋅=day/ 24h h 0001600.001A 160Ah t b)40h A 160i (a)PROPRIETARY MATERIAL . © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educatorsA 12-V battery requires a total charge of 40 ampere-hours during recharging. Howmany joules are supplied to the battery?Chapter 1, Solution 37W = pt = vit = 12x 40x 60x60 = 1.728 MJChapter 1, Problem 38.How much energy does a 10-hp motor deliver in 30 minutes? Assume that 1 horsepower = 746 W.Chapter 1, Solution 38P = 10 hp = 7460 WW = pt = 7460 × 30 × 60 J = 13.43 × 106 JChapter 1, Problem 39.A 600-W TV receiver is turned on for 4 hours with nobody watching it. If electricity costs 10 cents/kWh, how much money is wasted?Chapter 1, Solution 39W = pt = 600x4 = 2.4 kWhC = 10cents x2.4 = 24 centsPROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators。

《电路原理导论》第一章习题解答

《电路原理导论》第一章习题解答

习题一习题一1-1按指定的电流电压参考方向及其给定值,计算下列各元件的功率,并说明元件是吸收功率还是发出功率。

解A :W 20210=⨯==UI P B :()W 20210-=-⨯==UI P C :W 20210-=⨯-=-=UI P D :()W 20210=⨯--=-=UI P1-2在指定的电压u 和电流i 的参考方向下,写出下列各元件的端口特性方程式。

解:(a )i u 5000=; (b) dtu 02.0=; (c) dt du i 61020-⨯=(d) i u 5000-=; (e) dt di u 02.0-=;(f) dtdu i 61020-⨯-= 1-3作用于F 1.5μ电容的电压波形如图1-3(a )所示,试写出电流表达式,画出波形图,在mS 5=t 时电容器的贮能是多少?流过0.1mH 电感的电流波形如图1-3(b )所示,试写出电压表达式,画出波形图,在mS 2=t 及mS 6=t 时电感的贮能是多少?图1-1习题1-1题图 图1-3 习题1-3题图习题一解:(a )()mS 50A 102.10105010101.5336----≤≤⨯=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛⨯-⨯==t t dt d dt du Ci C ()m S 85A 1017103100101.5336-+---≤≤⨯-=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛⨯-⨯==t t dt d dt du Ci CmS 5=t 时电容器的储能()J 1055.210101.55.05.010542623---⨯=⨯⨯⨯==⨯Cu w(b) ()mS 20V 5.0102010101.033---≤≤=⨯-⨯==t t dt d dt di Lu L ()mS 6201021010101.033-+--≤≤=⨯-⨯==t t dt d dt di L u L ()mS 86V5.0102100101.033-+--≤≤-=⨯-⨯==t t dt d dt di L u L mS 6~2=t 期间的电感储能J 005.010101.02121232=⨯⨯⨯==-Li w L (mS 6~2=t )1-4RLC 串联电路如图1-4(a )所示,原处于零状态,流过之电流波形如图(b ),试求R u 、L u 、C u ,并画出波形图。

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答案1.1解:图示电路电流的参考方向是从a 指向b 。

当时间t <2s 时电流从a 流向b,与参考方向相同,电流为正值;当t >2s 时电流从b 流向a ,与参考方向相反,电流为负值。

所以电流i 的数学表达式为2A 2s -3A 2s t i t <⎧=⎨>⎩答案1.2解:当0=t 时0(0)(59e )V 4V u =-=-<0其真实极性与参考方向相反,即b 为高电位端,a 为低电位端;当∞→t 时()(59e )V 5V u -∞∞=-=>0其真实极性与参考方向相同,即a 为高电位端,b 为低电位端。

答案1.3解:(a)元件A 电压和电流为关联参考方向。

元件A 消耗的功率为A A A p u i =则A A A 10W 5V 2Ap u i === 真实方向与参考方向相同。

(b) 元件B 电压和电流为关联参考方向。

元件B 消耗的功率为B B B p u i =则B B B 10W 1A 10Vp i u -===- 真实方向与参考方向相反。

(c) 元件C 电压和电流为非关联参考方向。

元件C 发出的功率为C C C p u i =则C C C 10W 10V 1Ap u i -===-真实方向与参考方向相反。

答案1.4解:对节点列KCL 方程节点③: 42A 3A 0i --=,得42A 3A=5A i =+节点④: 348A 0i i --+=,得348A 3A i i =-+=节点①: 231A 0i i -++=,得231A 4A i i =+=节点⑤: 123A 8A 0i i -++-=,得123A 8A 1A i i =+-=-若只求2i ,可做闭合面如图(b)所示,对其列KCL 方程,得28A-3A+1A-2A 0i -+=解得28A 3A 1A 2A 4A i =-+-=答案1.5解:如下图所示(1)由KCL 方程得节点①:12A 1A 3A i =--=-节点②:411A 2A i i =+=-节点③:341A 1A i i =+=-节点④:231A 0i i =--=若已知电流减少一个,不能求出全部未知电流。

(2)由KVL 方程得回路1l :1412233419V u u u u =++=回路2l :15144519V-7V=12V u u u =+=回路3l :52511212V+5V=-7V u u u =+=-回路4l :5354437V 8V 1V u u u =+=-=-若已知支路电压减少一个,不能求出全部未知电压。

答案1.6解:各元件电压电流的参考方向如图所示。

元件1消耗功率为:11110V 2A 20W p u i =-=-⨯=-对回路l 列KVL 方程得21410V-5V 5V u u u =+==元件2消耗功率为:2215V 2A 10W p u i ==⨯=元件3消耗功率为:333435V (3)A 15W p u i u i ===-⨯-=对节点①列KCL 方程4131A i i i =--=元件4消耗功率为:4445W p u i ==-答案1.7解:对节点列KCL 方程节点①:35A 7A 2A i =-+=节点③:47A 3A 10A i =+=节点②:5348A i i i =-+=对回路列KVL 方程得:回路1l :13510844V u i i =-⨯Ω+⨯Ω=回路2l :245158214V u i i =⨯Ω+⨯Ω=答案1.8解:由欧姆定律得130V 0.5A 60i ==Ω对节点①列KCL 方程10.3A 0.8A i i =+=对回路l 列KVL 方程1600.3A 5015V u i =-⨯Ω+⨯Ω=-因为电压源、电流源的电压、电流参考方向为非关联,所以电源发出的功率 分别为S30V 30V 0.8A 24W u P i =⨯=⨯= S 0.3A 15V 0.3A 4.5W i P u =⨯=-⨯=-即吸收4.5W 功率。

答案1.9解:(a)电路各元件电压、电流参考方向如图(a)所示。

由欧姆定律得S /10cos()V /2A 5cos()A R i u R t t ωω===又由KCL 得S (5cos 8)A R i i i t ω=-=-电压源发出功率为S S 210cos()V (5cos 8)A (50cos 80cos )Wu p u i t t t t ωωωω=⋅=⋅-=- 电流源发出功率为S S S 10cos()V 8A 80cos()Wi p u i t t ωω==⋅= 电阻消耗功率为222[5cos()A]250cos ()W R R p i R t t ωω==⨯Ω=(b) 电路各元件电压、电流参考方向如图(b)所示。

电压源发出功率为S S S 10V 8cos()A 80cos()Wu p u i t t ωω=-=-⨯=- 由KVL 可得S 8cos(t)210V (16cos 10)V R u u u t ωω=+=⨯Ω+=+电流源发出功率为S 2S [16cos()10]V 8cos()A [128cos ()80cos()]W i p ui t t t t ωωωω==+⨯=+电阻消耗功率为2S 16cos()V 8cos()A 128cos ()W R R p u i t t t ωωω==⨯=答案1.10解:取电阻元件和网络N 电压、电流为关联参考方向如图所示。

10V 对节点①列KCL 方程15A 3A 2A i =-+=-对回路列KVL 方程回路1:l1N 103A 525V 10V i u ⋅Ω+⨯Ω+=-+得N 10V u =-回路2:l2N 53A 5A 5025V u u -+Ω⨯++⨯Ω=-得2280V u =网络N 吸收的功率N N 3A 30W P u =⨯=-电流源发出的功率S 25A 1400W i P u =⨯=注释:根据电流源的特性,图中与电流源串联的电阻只影响电流源端电压或者说只影响电流源提供的功率。

答案1.11解:设各元件电压电流方向如图所示。

23A 0.5A 2.5A i =-=38V 2A 4i ==Ω对节点列KCL 方程节点①: 23A 0.5A 2.5A i =-=节点②:123 2.5A 2A 4.5A i i i =+=+=对回路l 列KVL 方程:21053A 8V i u Ω⨯+Ω⨯+=得32V u =-电压源发出的功率S 18V 8V 4.5A 36W U P i =⨯=⨯=电流源发出的功率S 3A 32V 3A 96W i P u =-⨯=⨯=答案1.12解:4V 1A 4i ==Ω,12A 2V u =Ω⨯= 受控电压源发出的功率 CCVS 32A 31A 2A 6W P i =⨯=Ω⨯⨯=受控电流源发出的功率VCCS 4V 0.254V 0.254V 0.25S 2V=-2W P u u =-⨯=-⨯=-⨯⨯注释:受控电源可能处于供电状态,例如图中的CCVS ,也可能处于用电状态,例如图中的VCCS答案1.13解:对回路列KVL 方程1V2Ω回路1:l111V i ⨯Ω= 11A i =回路2:l122A u ri +Ω⨯=-将6V,u =11A i =代入,解得2r =Ω答案1.14解: 设各元件电流参考方向如图所示。

2V 对回路列KVL 方程:回路1:l212V 2V 1V i Ω⨯=-+ 得21A i =回路2:l22V 1V i Ω⨯=-+得0.5A i =-对节点列KCL 方程:节点①:120.5A i i i =+=节点②:3220.5A i i i i =++=-1V 电压源发出的功率:1V 11V 1V 0.5A 0.5W P i =⨯=⨯=与1Ω串联的2V 电压源发出的功率:2V,122V 2V 1A 2W P i Ω=⨯=⨯=2V 纯电压源发出的功率:2V 32V 2V (0.5A)1W P i =-⨯=-⨯-=受控电流源发出的功率:CCCS 2V 22V 2(0.5A)2W P i =⨯=⨯⨯-=-,实际吸收2W 功率。

答案1.15解:(a)对节点①列KCL 方程得1i i i β=-由KVL 得S 1S S (1)R u u u i R u iR u β=+=+=-+(b)由KCL 得0S i i i =+由KVL 得000S ()()()u ri Ri r R i r R i i =+=+=++(c)由KCL ,i i gR i gu i +=+=2222得221i i gR =- 由KVL 得212212()1R u R i ri R i r R i gR =++=++- 注释:图(c)电路中不含独立电源,其i u -关系为比例关系。

答案1.16解:(a) S 断开时,电压源的电压、电流及功率与右侧电阻的电压、电流及功率 对应相同;S 闭合时,由于中间电阻R 是并联接入电路,故右侧电阻R 的电压、电流及功率不受影响。

但由于所接入的电阻电流和功率与右侧电阻相同,故电压源的电流及提供功率要增大一倍。

(b) S 断开时,两个电阻的电流、电压和功率相同,电流源的电流与两个电 阻的电流相同,电压和功率是每个电阻的二倍。

当S 闭合时,上侧电阻被短路,由于右侧电阻始终与电流源相串联,故右侧电阻R 的电压、电流及功率不受影响。

电流源的电压、电流和功率与右侧电阻的电压、电流和功率相同,电压和功率均降低了一半。

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