Basics of Injection Molding
注塑成型介绍资料
Injection Molding Equipment
Clamping Mechanisms Hydraulic Clamping System
Injection Molding Equipment
Injection Molding Equipment
往复式螺杆头结构
检查环类型: 止回环
熔融树脂流过 开放检查环
检查环关闭, 防止在 注塑过程中料的回流
建议采用止逆阀
Injection Molding Equipment
Standard Cylinder Nozzles 标准料筒喷嘴
Heating Band 加热环 To Mold 到模具
INJECTION 塑料提供非常广泛的工程塑料选择
= 由 GE 塑料生产 LCP PPS
Xenoy*树脂 impact resistance chemical resistance
高性能
Ultem* 树脂 heat resistance
PEI PEI/PC
PSO
PPO/PA PBT 工程级 PC PPO PC/ABS ABS PC/ASA ASA PS 无定形 PP PVC 结晶性 PET PE PC/PBT POM PA
Injection Molding Introduction
Disadvantages of Injection Molding
Tooling Costs are High High Machinery and Auxiliary Costs High Pressure Process Limited Large Part Capability
外文文献及翻译：The introdution of the Injection Mold
注射模具的介绍1.模具基本知识1.1引言我们日常生产、生活中所使用到的各种工具和产品，大到机床的底座、机身外壳，小到一个胚头螺丝、纽扣以及各种家用电器的外壳，无不与模具有着密切的关系。
模具的形状决定着这些产品的外形，模具的加工质量与精度也就决定着这些产品的质量。
因为各种产品的材质、外观、规格及用途的不同，模具分为了铸造模、锻造模、压铸模、冲压模等非射胶模具，以及射胶模具。
近年来，随着射料工业的飞速发展和通用与工程射料在强度和精度等方面的不断提高，射料制品的应用范围也在不断扩大，如：家用电器、仪器仪表，建筑器材，汽车工业、日用五金等众多领域，射料制品所占的比例正迅猛增加。
一个设计合理的射料件往往能代替多个传统金属件。
工业产品和日用产品射料化的趋势不断上升。
1.2 模具的一般定义在工业生产中，用各种压力机和装在压力机上的专用工具，通过压力把金属或非金属材料制出所需形状的零件或制品，这种专用工具统称为模具。
1.3 模具的一般分类可分为射胶模具及非射胶模具：（1）非射胶模具有：铸造模、锻造模、冲压模、压铸模等。
A．铸造模——水龙头、生铁平台B．锻造模——汽车身C．冲压模——计算机面板D．压铸模——超合金，汽缸体（2）射胶模具根据生产工艺和生产产品的不同又分为：A．注射成型模——电视机外壳、键盘按钮（应用最普遍） B．吹气模——饮料瓶 C．压缩成型模——电木开关、科学瓷碗碟D．转移成型模——集成电路制品E．挤压成型模——胶水管、射胶袋F．热成型模——透明成型包装外壳 G．旋转成型模——软胶洋娃娃玩具注射成型是射料加工中最普遍采用的方法。
该方法适用于全部热射性射料和部分热固性射料，制得的射料制品数量之大是其它成型方法望尘莫及的，作为注射成型加工的主要工具之一的注射模具，在质量精度、制造周期以及注射成型过程中的生产效率等方面水平高低，直接影响产品的质量、产量、成本及产品的更新，同时也决定着企业在市场竞争中的反应能力和速度。
低压注塑基本知识
ASG-PD Siegfried Kopannia
22.10.2008 10
粘度 vs 温度、时间
影响因素: 温度和时间
η[mPas]
η[mPas]ຫໍສະໝຸດ temperature [°C]time [h]
热熔胶粘度越低，对基材的浸润效果越好
ASG-PD Siegfried Kopannia
22.10.2008 11
1,900 2,500 7,000
-38
-35
-35
A90
D45
A94
V-0
V-0
V-0
Only 6832S
4,100 -45 A80 V-0
3,000 -45 A90 V-0
25
Macromelt 低压注塑 - PO-
• 优点： • 对非极性材料，如PP, PE, PET …等有很好的粘接效果； • 良好的耐湿气性能； • 较好的耐化学介质。
介质 增塑剂
醇类 强碱 弱碱
耐介质 性 --
+
注：+（好）、++（非常好）、-（差）、--（非常差）。
21
汉高PA热熔胶：原材料
Adhesive
75-80% 汉高PA热熔胶产品原料来 自蔬菜、植物油等可再生资源:
Raw Material
Sealant
Thermoplastic Material
1、二元脂肪酸来自蔬菜籽油 (油菜 籽, 向日葵, ..) 或树木油。 2、其它二元酸来自蓖麻油或油酸（ 十八烯酸）。
1,000 ~ 7,000
A80 ~ D50 V-0
PBT, PC, ABS etc…
Cycle time
Sec ~ min
Injection molding
Material Flows Past Open Check Ring
Check Ring Slides Back To Prevent Black Flow During Injection
Check Ring Valves are Suggested
Injection Molding Equipment
The Clamping Unit
•Open and Closes Mold •Holds the Mold Closed During Injection •Cools and Solidifies Part
Injection Molding Equipment
Injection Molding Equipment
Barrel Unit The Reciprocating Screw
Shot Injection Pressure
Melt Required to Fill Mold Ready for Injection
Injection Molding Equipment
Injection Molding Equipment Reciprocating Screw Tip Assemblies
Ball Type Nonreturn Valves
Open
Closed for Injection
Injection Molding Equipment Reciprocating Screw Tip Assemblies
Injection Molding
• The Material • The Equipment • The Tooling
Injection Molding Machine注塑行业必备
Injection molding machine selection tips1. Select right type injection molding machine:There is various type injection molding machines, such as standard injection machine, servo motor injection molding machine, high speed injection molding machine, double color injection molding machine.You should choose the right type according to your product and plastic material.For example, for big and thick product, if you want to save power, you can choose servo motor injection machine, because servo motor can control more precision. For some product made in special material, there is its special machine, like PET special machine, PVC special machine and PC special machine.It is important to choose the right type injection molding machine, because it can reach higher production efficiency.2. Make sure that the mould can be put into the injection molding machineFor each injection machine there are four tie bars, the mould size must small than the tie bar distance to ensure that the mould can be put into it.For example, if your mould size is 600*600*500, then the machine tie bar distance must bigger than 600*600. Someone may ask if the mould size is 500*600*500, how I can select tie bar distance. For this situation, you can select the machine according to the small length, that is to say, the machine with tie bar distance 510*510 is ok.Except tie bar distance, you also need to check the min and max mould height of injection machine to see whether the mould height is in this range.3. Make sure the product can be taken out after molding.For this you need to check the toggle stroke, if your product is not very high, generally, this is not the problem. But while your product is a pail which is deep, then you need to check the toggle stroke, as show in follow pic, toggle stroke must be more than twice of product height.Injection molding machine’s ten common waste1、Test mould/ change the mould often (product design/ mould design problem).2、Mechanical have many people (manufactured large, mould quality poor).3、Injection molding machine often stop production to repair the mould (mould maintenance work are poor).4、Injection molding machine fault, stop work to maintenance for a long time (injection molding machine maintenance poor).5、Unreasonable staffing (division unknown, duty is not clear)6、Don’t attach importance to training (training is the highest rate of return on investment).7、Each staff with low job skills, working quality poor.8、Technical/ management still stay in last level.9、Raw materials waste large, high rate of defective products, lot reject, power consumption, accommodation note or beyond yield production, high cost.10、Production planning arrangement inappropriate, often change injection molding machine.How to choose injection molding machine Typically, the important factors when choosing plastic injection molding machine include mold, product, molding requirements and so on. Therefore, you must collect or have the following information before making a choice: mold dimension (width, height, thickness), weight and special design; types and amount of the plastic (single or multiple plastic materials); dimensions and weight of injection molding product (length, width, height, thickness); molding requirements, such as quality condition, production speed and so on. In obtaining the above information, you can follow these steps to choose a suitable plastic injection molding machine:Choose the right type of plastic injection molding machine: make decision by the products and plasticThe plastic injection molding machine has a lot of types, so at the beginning, you should determine that what kind or which series of plastic injection molding machine is fit for the product. For example, for thermoplastic plastic or Bakelite resin or PET, the product is single color, two-color, multi-color, laminated or blending. In addition, some product requires high stability (closed loop), high precision, high injection speed, high injection pressure and rapid production (multi-loop) and so on.Able to put it on: the size of mold determine whether the internal spur of large column, the mold thickness, the minimum mold dimension and the mold plate size of plastic injection molding machine are suitable or not, to make sure that it is able to put mold on.The mold width and height must be less than or at least less than the internal spur of large column; The mold width and height must in the mold plate size range; the mold thickness should be between the thickness of plastic injection molding machine; The mold width and height must be fit with the minimum mold size recommended by the plastic injection molding machine.Able to put it out: the mold and product judge whether the “Opening Stroke” and “Ejector Stroke” are enough to remove the finished product.The opening stroke should at least larger than the product height along the opening direction more than twice, including the length of vertical sprue; ejector stroke should long enough to eject the finished product.Able to maintain locked: the product and plastic determine the tonnage of “clamping force”.When the raw materials inject into the mold cavity in a high pressure, it will create a bulging force, so the clamping unit of the plastic injection molding machine should provide sufficient “clamping force” so that the mold was not subject to distraction. The need of clamping force is calculated as follows:Clamping force = projected area of product in the direction of opening and closing mould (cm2) ×the number of mold cavity×in-mold pressure (kg/cm2);Projected area of product in the direction of opening and closing mould is generated by the product appearance size.In-mold pressure is different with different materials, generally take 350-400 kg/cm2. The machine clamping force is usually greater than 1.17 times of the bulging force.Enough injection quantity: the weight of product and the number of mold cavity determine the “injection quantity” and select the appropriate “screw diameter”.For stability purpose, the injection volume required for more than 1.35 times of the product, which means the product weight should less than 75% of the injection amount.Good injection: plastic determine “screw compression ratio” and “injection pressure” and other conditions.Some plastic requires a higher injection pressure and appropriate screw compression ratio for a good molding. So when choosing screw, it should considered about the demand of injection pressure and the problems of compression ratio. In general, smaller diameter screw provides higher injection pressure.High injection speed: confirm the injection speed.Some product requires a high injection speed to stabilize the injection molding, such as ultra-thin wall product. In this case, it is necessary to make sure that whether the injection speed and injection rate are enough or not, and whether accumulator and closed-loop control are necessary or not. Generally speaking, in the same condition, a screw in the plastic injection molding machine with high injection pressure has a lower injection speed, on the contrary, a screw with low injection pressure has a higher injection speed. So when choosing the screw diameter, injection volume, injection pressure, and injection rate (injection speed) should be cross considered.Dakumar is one of the Chinese leading innovators for plastic molding machine's researching and developing. It provides various plastic injection molding machines and plastic molding auxiliary machines, you can get what you want in Dakumar machinery Co.,Ltd.Injection molding machine classificationInjection molding machine by working ability classification, it is the injection molding machine most commonly used classification methods.Injection molding machine working ability, it that the injection molding machine injection volume. According to working ability classification, injection molding machine can divide into the following types:1、Subminiature injection molding machine clamping force is less than 160KN, a theoretical injection volume is less than 16cm32、Small injection molding machine clamping force are between the 1600~2000KN, a theoretical injection volume are between the 16~630cm33、Medium-sized injection molding machine clamping force are between the 2500~4000KN, a theoretical injection volume are between the 800~3150cm34、Large injection molding machine clamping force are between the 5000~12500KN, a theoretical injection volume are between the 4000~10000cm35、Huge injection molding machine clamping force is greater than 16000KN, a theoretical injection volume is greater than 16000cm3injection molding machineMost of the machines we use today are produced through injection molding machine. These machines are produced from most of our household equipment as well as many parts of vehicles, office and other industrial machinery. These machines have the real industry that is behind most of the industries we see today. The products of these machines are used widely and required in all spheres of the economy to run secondary industry and the economy.These injection molding machines are now produced with very high technology with the capability of producing small air conditioner vents to large plastic equipment that can weigh more than a ton. Therefore, the machines also vary in size starting from table tops and going up to many tons. The capabilities of the machine and their costs vary proportionately. Some machines have multiple moulds and can be used to produce a variety of products through one machine with various qualities while others are more generic and depend on producing only one machine.The injection moulding machines is called the same because it works by injecting the liquid plastic into the molds to produce the required products. Thermoplastic and thermosetting plastics are two types of polymers used as raw materials.The polymers are heated to a certain level so that they become liquid and then are injected into the cavity of the injection molding machine. The cavity is the strongest part of the machine, designed specifically to hold the liquid plastic in it until it solidifies and takes the shape. The cavity needs to be the toughest part of the machine as it has to me more resistible to temperature changes. As all products are required to be of the same quality, if the cavity expands or contracts due to the temperature changes, the quality of the products will suffer.The injection molding machines have two processes. The first process is called the injection process wherein the polymers are injected into the injection barrel and heated to the melting point to form the liquid. This plastic fluid is injected into the mold or the cavity where it will cool off and take the desired shape. The hydraulic or mechanical pressure is then applied to ensure that there is no trapped air in the mold. The liquid plastic is then left to solidify and take the desired shape without any problems due to uneven spread or trapped air. Once the plastic has solidified in the desired shape, an ejection process begins using the ejection mold and pins that carefully remove the plastic without any damage to it. The process is simplistic and the changes in technology have mainly changed the quality of work and no substantial change in the major molding process has come out for some time.The mold can be used repeatedly until it maintains the desired thickness and uniformity. Once the mold changes its appearance, wither the mold or the entire machine needs to be replaced. These machines are very expensive and specialized machines. A high quality machine can start go above a million dollars.Injection molding machine fault managementTo do well injection molding machine fault management and prevention work, we must grasp the causes of injection molding machine occurs, the typical accumulation of faults and failures often made of information and data, conduct failure analysis, emphasis on fault and fault mechanism of the law, strengthen routine maintenance, inspection and pre-repair. Fault management, to start proceedings following eight areas:Improving information and education, so that workers and maintenance workers operate consciously serious fault on the injection molding machine records, statistics, analysis, rationalization proposals put forward.In close connection with actual production and injection molding machine injection molding characteristics of the situation, the injection molding machine in use is divided into A, B, C three categories to determine the fault management focus.Use of monitoring instruments, the focus on key parts of injection molding machine in a planned monitoring, and found signs of failure and degradation of information.General injection molding machine to go through people’s senses and the general testing tools for routine check-point, roving inspection, regular inspection (including the accuracy check), good condition inspection, focusing on master failure-prone parts, bodies and parts technical condition and abnormal the phenomenon of information. At the same time to formulate inspection standards to determine the injection molding machine to normal, abnormal, fault boundaries.To carry out failure analysis, training, machine maintenance man to master fault injection analysis method.Fault record is to achieve the basis of injection molding machine fault management information, but also to conduct failure analysis, processing of the original basis, records must be complete and accurate. Injection molding machine maintenance workers on-site inspection and fault repair, it should be in accordance with “Repair of a single injection molding machine,” the contents of the fill, workshop mechanic on a monthly basis and submitted to the statistical analysis of injection molding machine, managing director.Injection molding machine repair workshop members In addition to routine failure to master circumstances, shall be assessed together, “Repair of single-” and the maintenance records. Through the fault data statistics, collate, analyze, calculate the frequency of various types of faultinjection molding machine, with an average failure interval, analyzing a single injection molding machine fault dynamics and key cause of the malfunction, failure to identify the occurrence of the laws in order to highlight the focus to take response, the fault information and analyzed data will be fed back to the planning department to arrange for repair or improvement of prevention programs, but also can be used as modify the periodic inspection interval, inspection based on the content and standards.Maintenance of an Injection Molding MachineThere are a number of important issues to address as far as the process ofcleaning injection molding machines is concerned. As these machines are widely used their maintenance, efficiency and uniform production of products are some issues that should be kept in mind.A deep understanding of your plastic injection molding machine and how it works is highly recommended. This is important both for the producer and the people depending upon products made by your machine.To keep up things working correctly, you have to care for them. For plastic injection molding machines you have to literally watch every component. The idea of taking preventive measures definitely applies when it comes to using and maintaining your plastic injection machines.It involves observation of such flaws which could cause breakdown and may stop work, which can result in a total loss for a company (Especially your company’s reputation).So a plan is needed in order to fully watch and avoid the machine from any possible damaging materials, processes and other related things in the main process of cleaning injection molding machines.1, Counteractive maintenance (A), fluid dynamic parts 1. Fluid dynamic reduction will result in increased fluid temperature, ready to mix the fluid with the atmosphere, and this puts a bad effect on the system. Shortage of fuel is resulted from an open hole in the system, maintenance flaw etc, so these things should be checked regularly for the system to work correctly.2. Fluid temperatureFluid temperature has an ideal range, from 45 to 50 degrees. In this range the system works perfectly fine. As the changes in temperature affect the viscous characteristic of the fluid, which in effect turns the pressure low or high. The pressure should also be in a fix range, many vital mechanic parts like valves and cylinders depend upon this pressure to work correctly. There is precision involved in the work and the system reflexes depend upon the pressure, so to maintain accuracy and efficiency, pressure should be in the correct range.3. Scheduled MaintenanceNo matter what you do, schedule the maintenance of your plastic injection molding machines and stick to it, this simple tip will ensure that your keep making quality product for a long time.The Technology of Injection Molding Machines(2011-05-27 10:14:30)Do you ever wonder how your plastic parts are made? In the plastic industry, the system of injection molding machine has been an integral part of providing different sectorsplastic products essentially used in healthcare, domestic areas, automotive, fashion and the like.In the process of manufacturing plastic parts, the technological capacity of the molding machine is significant to note. Triumph in this industry is established in superior technology, reliability and customer’s satisfaction and the largest suppliers of plastic products and services such as Husky and Nissei Corporation know this as truth. As we know, these plastic providers supply the automotive market of over 40% of plastic goods and half to the medical sector.Versatile ProcessSubstantial use of thermoplastics or a polymer that melts when heated is the main material for injection molding machine apart from thermosets, resin pellets or rubber. A uniform melt viscosity is needed for the process and care must be given to avert degradation of the polymer through the thermal course. The process is simple to understand in which the material is initially heated to become viscous and then forced into a ready made mold. The molten plastic solidifies instantly so the injection molding machine can operate to produce one solid plastic to the next.Mass ProductionInjection molding machine is the largest quantity processing approach that massively produces plastic parts in various shapes, sizes and dimensions. The manufacturers who utilize such ingenuity supply the whole market with needed plastic components and some people argue that these components can replace existing metal, glass, wood and other synthetic elements in the make and structure of several products, equipment and devices.VariationsThe injection molding machine covers a lot of bases. They are able to produce numerous amounts of plastic parts for different purposes. For instance, the Nissei’s hybrid injection molding machine has improved molding stability, energy saving function and an outstanding injection holding pressure that provide for an excellent molding performance. Other machines such as the electric and hydraulic types offer more and are mainstreamed in the market today.The injection molding machine has plenty of desirable features and it generates a considerable number of plastic products and this machine has developed to the more sustainable and practical equipment that greatly sustains the plastic industry as of this moment.Molding machine manufacturer,Injection molding machine manufacturerDo you know Dakumar Machinery Co., LTD?OK, now I’ll introduce Dakumar Machinery Co., LTD Zhejiang. Dakumar Machinery Co., LTD is an injection molding machine manufacturer,is a professional manufacturer of injection molding machine. In China, Dakumar Machinery Co., LTD is very famous, the team with the professional technology and rich experience.Dakumar Machinery Co., LTD is mainly production injection molding machine, the injection molding machine with top-level configuration, high technology and precision controlling.In recent years, in order to better meet the world markets, Dakumar keep on increase investment, from Germany, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan buy high precision equipments. Dakumar pursuit of excellence in manufacturing injection molding machines, to providing a complete injection molding strategy to customer’s requirements.Dakumar offering a complete configuration system, user can according to needs to choose a suitable injection molding machine. Such as standard injection molding machine, variable injection molding machine, servo power-save injection molding machine PVC injection molding machine, PET injection molding machine, high speed injection molding machine and so on. You can view Dakumar web site.Are you want to be an injection molding machine manufacturer, if you have other question you can contact us, send email for me,service10@.Injection molding machine classification characteristicsInjection molding machine according to injection unit and clamping device arrangement, can be divided into vertical injection molding machine and horizontal injection molding machine and vertical-horizontal injection molding machine.Their respective characteristics are as follows:Vertical injection molding machine features:1) Injection unit and clamping devices in the same vertical center line, and mould is along the direction opening and closing. The area is only about half of the horizontal injection molding machine, therefore, converted into an area about twice as productive or so.2) Easy insert molding, because the mould surface facing up, insert into the positioning easy, are used the template fixed, up template can moved machine, conveyor belt tension and robot each combination, it can easily achieve automatic insert molding.3) Mould by the level of the template bearing the weight up and down opening and closing movements, can’t happen this similar to the horizontal injection molding machine, due to mould weight caused forward, make template can’t open and close. Beneficial to keep the injection molding machine and the mould precision.4) Through simple robot can remove the plastic parts of each cavity is conducive to precision molding.5) Generally around the clamping device is open clamping, easy to configure various types of automate devices, adapted to the complex, sophisticated product’s automatic molding.6) Pull belt conveyer easy to install through the middle of the mould, is easy to realize automatic molding production.7) Easy to ensure the mold resin flow and mold temperature distribution of the consistency.8) Equipped a rotary table, move table and tilt table, easy to implement insert molding, composite molding mold.9) Small series production, the mould structure is simple, low cost and easy to uninstall.10) Withstood the test of many earthquakes, vertical injection molding machine due to the low gravity, relative to horizontal injection molding machine seismic is better. Horizontal injection molding machine features:1) That is big machine due to the injection molding machine low body, for the placement of the plant without height restrictions.2) The product can automatically fall occasions, without used of robot also can be automatically formed.3) Due to the injection molding machine low body, easy feeding, maintenance easy.4) Mould need through the crane to be installed.5) Multiple parallel arrangement, molding mold is easy to collect packages from the conveyor belt.Injection molding machine maintenance and fault cause analysis1.Injection molding machine large investment in fixed assets, production scale, consumption of more raw materials, labor productivity, high production value large. Is a labor-efficient production organization.2.Injection molding machine by mechanical, hydraulic, electrical, special auxiliary equipment, injection molding technology in accordance with the needs of organically combined high degree of automation, closely related to each other;injection molding machine in 3 straight Class 24h operation. If a component injection molding machine failure will result in downtime.3,injection molding machine, though simple, less workers, but the injection molding machine management and maintenance of high technical content, a large workload.So often to ensure the injection molding machine in good condition, we must strengthen the management of injection molding machines, and strictly control the fault injection molding machine. To achieve lower failure rates, reduced maintenance costs, extend theservice life of purpose.Fault injection molding machine, generally refers to the injection molding machine or system in use or reduce the loss of function of the event or phenomenon provisions.Injection molding machine Injection molding products to meet the enterprise requirements of the production process with the. Function of injection molding machine injection molding products embody its production activities in the existing value and the assurance of the injection molding (TodayHot) level. In the modern production of injection molding machine,injection molding machine as complicated structure, high degree of automation, hydraulic, electric and mechanical connection is very close, so injection molding machine failure, even a partial failure, will result in the injection molding machine shutdown .Injection molding machine failures directly affect the quantity and quality of products.Choosing the best injection molding machineChoosing the best injection molding machine can be a bit tricky for both the new entrepreneurs and those wanting to expand their business. In order to guarantee that your products will be of top quality, you need to consider the kind of injection molding machine for your operation.In the injection molding machine world, there are manufacturers that has come a long way. This includes Toshiba, Nissei, Engel, Boy, Arburg, Reed, Nigata, UBE, DeMaag, Mitsubishi, Toshiba, Husky, HPM, Sandretto, Cincinnati and Van Dorn. Although there are other manufacturers that produce injection molding machines, this list covers the most common among them all.All manufacturers listed produce multi shot, co-injection and the standard horizontal injection molding machines. Due to technological advancements, electricinjection molding machines have also been produced.What is the best injection molding machine?The answer to this question will depend largely on what you’re planning to produce. Of course, you first need to decide on your target market. Then, you should consider the desired product for your market and determine what molding process is used to manufacture these products.Upon gathering all the information you need, you will have a clearer idea of what kind of injection molding machineyou need to operate your business. For instance, if you’re aiming for simple molding products without special needs, then you should be shopping around for hydraulic clamps or standard toggle machines.If you wish to go for automobile parts, then a co-injection machine or a multi-shot injection molding machine will do the job. On the other hand, if your product will undergo insert molding, you should look around for vertical shuttle machines.Choose injection molding machineInjection molding machine before used for its type and size choose right or not, forinjection molding products production cost、quality and production efficiency have a greater impact. Before in choose injection molding machine, first should view injection molding machine manufacturer product instruction of the injection molding machine performance parameters. These values are expressed injection molding machine main performance characteristics, according to the some technical requirements of the production of plastic products (such as products with the raw material, brand, product quality and shape size) to find the instructions with the close parameter values, this parameter values corresponding to the injection molding machine model is to you want to buy injection molding machine. We should also look at the injection molding machine precision, speed and products precision level whether match condition with the products molding.In Specification mainly look data include: plastic injection products quality and shape size with equipment parameter values proportionate relationships, between the plastic injection products quality with the injection molding machine theory injection quantity proportionate relationships;another, should verify that the injection molding machine to be installed in the mold structure size and condition of injection molding machine match:Pull rod separationdistance should be larger than the mould width and height size, toconvenient mould assembly;Mould board size coincidence molding mould install time size requirement;The mold width and height dimensions should condition with the injection molding machine minimum mould size.RIM plastic molding productsRIM plastic molding products, it put two or more are provided with reactivity low viscosity liquid, according to certain proportion, mixing under in certain pressure and temperature condition, inject in a airtight molding mould immediately, after mould to move forward a single step reaction formed plastic products, this reaction process of plastic products called RIM.RIM plastic molding products used range, including automotive, electrical, electronic technology, furniture and construction, etc. This RIM plastic molding products mainly use polyurethane, another have polyurea, epoxy resin, unsaturated breast augmentation ester and nylon, etc.The reaction injection characteristics1) The reaction injection molding mould internal pressure is lower (general in 0.2~0.7MPa), so the clamping force is not large, like this mould manufacture can use aluminum alloy, able molding large area products.2) Can injection molding various structural complex shape (include sinews, convex。
Basic injection molding - Allan
OUT IN IN OUT
OUT IN IN OUT
CONFIDENTIAL | 22
3-2-5 Venting system
The air inside the cavity after the tool close need to be vented, otherwise the air will make the plastic filling not good, and might create the bubbles and other defects.
The melted plastic injecting to the tooling cavity through the nuzzle and runner, fill in the cavity and then cooling down.
Tooling Plastic
Molded part
Injection machine
runner
gate
CONFIDENTIAL | 14
B﹑ Multi-cavity with pin gate
C﹑ Multi-gate in one cavity
CONFIDENTIAL | 15
3-2-3 Runner system
CONFIDENTIAL | 16
Hot runner and cool runner
Water tunnel
Temp controller
Heating
CONFIDENTIAL | 20
Sample of the water tunnel for cell phone housing
OUT
IN
進澆點
IN IN OUT
材控专业英语5Plastics_forming_and_molds
5.1.3 Three-plate Molds
At the conclusion of injection the mold opens at the first parting line, which contains the sprue and runner and separates the pinpoint gate from the part. 注射结束时，第一个分型线首先开模，其中包括浇口和 流道以及塑件中分流的针孔型浇注系统 Only then is the second parting line opened, releasing the part. There are several possibilities for achieving this. 这样第二个分型线才会开模，使塑件脱离型芯。脱离型 芯有好几种方法。 Only then只有….才
(2) Shape of the molded parts(size, quality requirements) (3) Injection-molding machine (clamping force, plasticizing
and injection capacity) (4) Mold costs 因此，型腔的选择主要取决于： （1）订单大小（模具零件数量以及交货时间） （2）模具零件的形状（尺寸，质量要求） （3）注塑成型机（合模力，可塑性，注塑容量） （4）模具成本
The production time required for a given molded part depends
Injection Mould Basics training
模具镶件(入子)
公模 (型芯) 母模 (型腔) 成型曲面镶件(公,母模入子)
定位环
流道衬套 Sprue bushing
Locate Ring
上模板 Upper plate
母模仁（型腔) Cavity
母模板（型腔板） Cavity Plate 公模仁（型芯）Core 公模板（型芯板) Core Plate 模脚 Bottom Block 产品 Part
Metering Zone 计量区
Transition Zone 过渡区
Feed zone 入料区
Screw 镙 杆
Shot is built!
Accumulating plastic pushes screw back 堆积塑料使镙杆 回退
一次注射过程
Pellets enter the barrel through the feed zone 原料由入料区进入料桶
Injection Molding Machine
注塑机
Machine Nozzle
注嘴
Ball Check Valve
Hopper
料斗
止回球阀
Screw镙杆
Barrel 料桶
Band Heater 加热器
Injection Unit 注塑机注塑部分
天然橄榄石
Check valve 止回阀
What Affects Part Quality?
影响产品质量的因素
Plastic Part Quality
Processing
塑料产品品质
Sum of many factors… 各种因素……
注塑过程
Part DesignБайду номын сангаас产品设计
注塑模具专业英语 Injection Mould English
abrasive grinding 强力磨削abrasive 磨料的,研磨的absence 不在，缺席accesssory 附件accommodate 适应accordingly 因此,从而,相应地accuracy 精度,准确性actuate 开动(机器),驱动adequate 足够的adhesive 粘合剂adjacent 邻近的adopt 采用advance 进步advisable 可取的agitate 摇动a large extent 很大程度algorithm 算法align 定位，调准alignment 校直all-too-frequent 频繁allowance 容差,余量alternate 交替,轮流alternatively 做为选择,也许aluminiun 铝ample 充足的analysis 分析ancillary 补助的,副的angular 有角的annealing 退火aperture 孔applied loads 作用力appropriate 适当的arc 弧,弓形arise 出现,发生arrange 安排article 制品,产品ascertain 确定,查明assemble 组装attitude 态度auxiliary 辅助的avoid 避免axis 轴axle 轮轴,车轴alternative 替换物backup 备份batch 一批bearing 轴承,支座bed 床身behavior 性能bench-work 钳工工作bend 弯曲beneath 在•••下bin 仓，料架blank 坯料blank 冲裁,落料blanking 落料模blast 一阵（风）blemish 缺点,污点bolster 模座,垫板boring 镗削,镗孔bracket 支架brass 黄铜break down 破坏breakage 破坏brine 盐水brittle 易碎的buffer 缓冲器built-in 内装的bulging 凸肚burr 毛刺bush 衬套by far •••得多,最by means of 借助于boost 推进cabinet 橱柜call upon 要求carbide 碳化物carburzing 渗碳carriage 拖板,大拖板carry along 一起带走carry down over 从•••上取下carry out 完成case hardening 表面硬化case 壳,套cast steel 铸钢casting 铸造,铸件category 种类caution 警告，警示cavity and core plates 凹模和凸模板cavity 型腔,腔,洞centre-drilling 中心孔ceramic 陶瓷制品chain doted line 点划线channel 通道,信道characteristic 特性check 核算chip 切屑,铁屑chuck 卡盘chute 斜道circa 大约circlip (开口)簧环circuit 回路,环路circulate (使)循环clamp 夹紧clamp 压板clay 泥土clearance 间隙clip 切断，夹住cold hobbing 冷挤压cold slug well 冷料井collapse 崩塌,瓦解collapsible 可分解的combination 组合commence 开始,着手commence 开始commercial 商业的competitive 竞争的complementary 互补的complexity 复杂性complication 复杂化compression 压缩comprise 包含compromise 妥协,折衷concern with 关于concise 简明的,简练的confront 使面临connector 连接口,接头consequent 随之发生的,必然的console 控制台consume 消耗,占用consummate 使完善container 容器contingent 可能发生的CPU (central processing unit) 中央处理器conventional 常规的converge 集中于一点conversant 熟悉的conversion 换算,转换conveyer 运送装置coolant 冷却液coordinate (使)协调copy machine 仿形(加工)机床core 型芯,核心corresponding 相应的counteract 反作用,抵抗couple with 伴随contour 轮廓crack （使）破裂，裂纹critical 临界的cross-hatching 剖面线cross-section drawn 剖面图cross-slide 横向滑板CRT (cathoder-ray tube) 阴极射线管crush 压碎cryogenic 低温学的crystal 结晶状的cubic 立方的,立方体的cup (使)成杯状,引伸curable 可矫正的curvature 弧线curve 使弯曲cutter bit 刀头,刀片cyanide 氰化物complicated 复杂的dash 破折号daylight 板距decline 下落,下降,减少deform (使)变形demonstrate 证明depict 描述deposite 放置depression 凹穴descend 下降desirable 合适的detail 细节，详情deterioration 退化,恶化determine 决定diagrammmatic 图解的，图表的dictate 支配die 模具,冲模,凹模dielectric 电介质die-set 模架digital 数字式数字dimensional 尺寸的,空间的discharge 放电,卸下,排出discharge 卸下discrete 离散的,分立的dislodge 拉出,取出dissolution 结束distinct 不同的，显著的distort 扭曲distort (使)变形,扭曲distributed system 分布式系统dowel 销子dramaticlly 显著地drastic 激烈的draughting 绘图draughtsman 起草人drawing 制图drill press 钻床drum 鼓轮dual 双的，双重的ductility 延展性dynamic 动力的edge 边缘e.g.(exempli gratia) [拉]例如ejector 排出器ejector plate 顶出板ejector rob 顶杆elasticity 弹性electric dicharge machining 电火花加工electrode 电极electro-deposition 电铸elementary 基本的eliminate 消除,除去elongate (使)伸长,延长emerge 形成,显现emphasise 强调endeavour 尽力engagement 约束,接合enhance 提高,增强ensure 确保，保证erase 抹去,擦掉evaluation 评价,估价eventually 终于evolution 进展excecution 执行,完成execute 执行electrochemical machining 电化学加工exerte 施加experience 经验explosive 爆炸(性)的extend 伸展external 外部的extract 拔出extreme 极端extremely 非常地extremity 极端extrusion 挤压,挤出envisage 设想Fahrenheit 华氏温度fabricate 制作,制造flat-panel technology 平面(显示)技术facility 设备facing 端面车削fall within 属于,适合于fan 风扇far from 毫不,一点不,远非fatigue 疲劳feasible 可行的feature 特色,特征feed 进给feedback 反馈female 阴的,凹形的ferrule 套管file system 文件系统fitter 装配工,钳工fix 使固定,安装fixed half and moving half 定模和动模facilitate 帮助flexibility 适应性,柔性flexible 柔韧的flow mark 流动斑点follow-on tool 连续模foregoing 在前的,前面的foretell 预测,预示,预言forge 锻造forming 成型four screen quadrants 四屏幕象限fracture 破裂free from 免于gap 裂口,间隙gearbox 齿轮箱govern 统治,支配,管理grain 纹理graphic 图解的grasp 抓住grid 格子,网格grind 磨,磨削,研磨grinding 磨光,磨削grinding machine 磨床gripper 抓爪,夹具groove 凹槽guide bush 导套guide pillar 导柱guide pillars and bushes 导柱和导套handset 电话听筒hardness 硬度hardware 硬件headstock 床头箱,主轴箱hexagonal 六角形的,六角的hindrance 障碍,障碍物hob 滚刀,冲头hollow-ware 空心件horizontal 水平的hose 软管,水管hyperbolic 双曲线的i.e. (id est) [拉]也就是identical 同样的identify 确定,识别idle 空闲的immediately 正好,恰好impact 冲击impart 给予implement 实现impossibility 不可能impression 型腔in contact with 接触in terms of 依据inasmuch (as) co因为,由于inch-to-metric conversions 英公制转换inclinable 可倾斜的inclusion 内含物inconspicuous 不显眼的incorporate 合并,混合indentation 压痕indenter 压头independently 独自地,独立地inevitably 不可避免地inexpensive 便宜的inherently 固有的injection mould 注塑模injection 注射in-line-of-draw 直接脱模insert 嵌件inserted die 嵌入式凹模inspection 检查,监督installation 安装integration 集成intelligent 智能的intentinonally 加强地，集中地interface 界面internal 内部的interpolation 插值法investment casting 熔模铸造irregular 不规则的，无规律irrespective of 不论,不管irrespective 不顾的,不考虑的issue 发布，发出joint line 结合线kerosene 煤油keyboard 健盘knock 敲，敲打lance 切缝lathe 车床latitude 自由lay out 布置limitation 限度,限制,局限(性) local intelligence 局部智能locate 定位logic 逻辑longitudinal 纵向的longitudinally 纵向的look upon 视作,看待lubrication 润滑machine shop 车间machine table 工作台machining 加工made-to-measure 定做maintenance 维护,维修majority 多数make use of 利用male 阳的,凸形的malfunction 故障mandrel 心轴manifestation 表现,显示massiveness 厚实，大块measure 大小,度量microcomputer 微型计算机microns 微米microprocessor 微处理器mild steel 低碳钢milling machine 铣床mineral 矿物,矿产minimise 把减到最少,最小化minute 微小的mirror image 镜像mirror 镜子moderate 适度的modification 修改,修正modulus 系数mold 模,铸模mold 制模,造型monitor 监控monograph 专著more often than not 常常motivation 动机mould split line 模具分型线moulding 注塑件move away from 抛弃multi-imprssion mould 多型腔模narrow 狭窄的NC (numerical control) 数控nevertheless 然而,不过nonferrous 不含铁的,非铁的normally 通常地novice 新手,初学者nozzle 喷嘴,注口numerical 数字的objectionable 有异议的，讨厌的observe 观察obviously 明显地off-line 脱机的on-line 联机operational 操作的,运作的opportunity 时机,机会opposing 对立的,对面的opposite 反面optimization 最优化orient 确定方向orthodox 正统的，正规的overall 全面的,全部的overbend 过度弯曲overcome 克服,战胜overlaping 重叠overriding 主要的,占优势的opposite 对立的,对面的pack 包装package 包装pallet 货盘panel 面板paraffin 石蜡parallel 平行的penetration 穿透peripheral 外围的periphery 外围permit 许可,允许pessure casting 压力铸造pillar 柱子,导柱pin 销,栓,钉pin-point gate 针点式浇口piston 活塞plan view 主视图plasma 等离子plastic 塑料platen 压板plotter 绘图机plunge 翻孔plunge 投入plunger 柱塞pocket-size 袖珍portray 描绘pot 壶pour 灌,注practicable 行得通的preferable 更好的,更可取的preliminary 初步的，预备的press setter 装模工press 压,压床,冲床,压力机prevent 妨碍primarily 主要地procedure 步骤,方法,程序productivity 生产力profile 轮廓progressively 渐进地project 项目project 凸出projection 突出部分proper 本身的property 特性prototype 原形proximity 接近prudent 谨慎的punch 冲孔punch shapper tool 刨模机punch-cum-blanking die 凹凸模punched tape 穿孔带purchase 买，购买push back pin 回程杆pyrometer 高温计quality 质量quandrant 象限quantity 量，数量quench 淬火radial 放射状的ram 撞锤rapid 迅速的rapidly 迅速地raster 光栅raw 未加工的raw material 原材料ream 铰大reaming 扩孔,铰孔recall 记起,想起recede 收回,后退recess 凹槽,凹座,凹进处redundancy 过多re-entrant 凹入的refer 指,涉及,谈及reference 参照,参考refresh display 刷新显示register ring 定位环register 记录,显示,记数regrind 再磨研relative 相当的,比较的relay 继电器release 释放relegate 把降低到reliability 可靠性relief valves 安全阀relief 解除relieve 减轻,解除remainder 剩余物,其余部分removal 取出remove 切除,切削reposition 重新安排represent 代表,象征reputable 有名的,受尊敬的reservoir 容器,储存器resident 驻存的resist 抵抗resistance 阻力,抵抗resolution 分辨率respective 分别的,各自的respond 响应,作出反应responsibility 责任restrain 抑制restrict 限制，限定restriction 限制retain 保持,保留retaining plate 顶出固定板reveal 显示，展现reversal 反向right-angled 成直角的rigidity 钢度rod 杆,棒rotate (使)旋转rough machining 粗加工rough 粗略的routine 程序rubber 橡胶runner and gate systems 流道和浇口系统sand casting 砂型铸造satisfactorily 满意地saw 锯子scale 硬壳score 刻划scrap 废料,边角料,切屑screwcutting 切螺纹seal 密封section cutting plane 剖切面secure 固定secure 紧固,夹紧,固定segment 分割sensitive 敏感的sequence 次序sequential 相继的seriously 严重地servomechanism 伺服机构servomotor 伺服马达setter 安装者set-up 机构sever 切断severity 严重shaded 阴影的shank 柄shear 剪,切shot 注射shrink 收缩side sectional view 侧视图signal 信号similarity 类似simplicity 简单single-point cutting tool 单刃刀具situate 使位于,使处于slide 滑动,滑落slideway 导轨slot 槽slug 嵌条soak 浸,泡,均热software 软件solid 立体,固体solidify (使)凝固solidify (使)固化solution 溶液sophisiticated 尖端的,完善的sound 结实的,坚固的spark erosion 火花蚀刻spindle 主轴spline 花键split 侧向分型,分型spool 线轴springback 反弹spring-loaded 装弹簧的sprue bush 主流道衬套sprue puller 浇道拉杆square 使成方形Servomechanism Laboratoies 伺服机构实验室stage 阶段standardisation 标准化startling 令人吃惊的steadily 稳定地step-by-step 逐步stickiness 粘性stiffness 刚度stock 毛坯,坯料storage tube display 储存管显示storage 储存器straightforward 直接的strain 应变strength 强度stress 压力,应力stress-strain 应力--应变stretch 伸展strike 冲击stringent 严厉的stripper 推板stroke 冲程,行程structrural build-up 结构上形成的sub-base 垫板subject 使受到submerge 淹没subsequent 后来的subsequently 后来,随后substantial 实质的substitute 代替,替换subtract 减,减去suitable 合适的,适当的suitably 合适地sunk 下沉,下陷superior 上好的susceptible 易受影响的sweep away 扫过symmetrical 对称的synchronize 同步,同时发生tactile 触觉的,有触觉的tailstock 尾架tapered 锥形的tapping 攻丝technique 技术tempering 回火tendency 趋向,倾向tensile 拉力的,可拉伸的tension 拉紧,张紧terminal 终端机terminology 术语,用辞theoretically 理论地thereby 因此,从而thermoplastic 热塑性的thermoplastic 热塑性塑料thermoset 热固性thoroughly 十分地,彻底地thread pitch 螺距thread 螺纹thrown up 推上tilt 倾斜,翘起tolerance 公差two-plate mould 双板式注射模tong 火钳tonnage 吨位,总吨数tool point 刀锋tool room 工具车间toolholder 刀夹,工具柄toolmaker 模具制造者toolpost grinder 工具磨床toolpost 刀架torsional 扭转的toughness 韧性trace 追踪transverse 横向的tray 盘，盘子，蝶treatment 处理tremendous 惊人的,巨大的trend 趋势trigger stop 始用挡料销tungsten 钨turning 车削twist 扭曲，扭转tracer-controlled milling machine 仿形铣床ultimately 终于undercut moulding 侧向分型模undercut 侧向分型undercut 底切underfeed 底部进料的undergo 经受underside 下面,下侧undue 不适当的,过度的uniform 统一的,一致的utilize 利用Utopian 乌托邦的,理想化的valve 阀vaporize 汽化vaporize (使)蒸发variation 变化various 不同的,各种的vector feedrate computation 向量进刀速率计算vee 字形velocity 速度versatile 多才多艺的,万用的vertical 垂直的via prep经,通过vicinity 附近viewpoint 观点wander 偏离方向warp 翘曲washer 垫圈wear 磨损well line 结合线whereupon 于是winding 绕,卷with respect to 相对于withstand 经受,经得起work 工件workstage 工序wrinkle 皱纹使皱yield 生产zoom 图象电子放大。
模具专业术语中日英对照
模具专业术语中日英对照金 型（模 具、molding die）金 型 の 種 類（模 具 的 种 类，kind of molding die）金型かながた模具 molding die，metal die ダイだい模头、凸模 die射出成形用金型しゃしゅつせいけいようかながた注塑模具 injection molding die二枚型金型にまいがたかながた二板式模具 two plate molding die 三枚型金型さんまいがたかながた三板式模具 three plate molding die多数個取り金型たすうこどりかながた多型腔模具 malti－cavity molding die組合せ金型くみあわせかながた成套制品模 family molding dieホットランナー金型ほんとらんなーかながた热流道模具 hot－runner molding die断熱ランナー金型だんねつらんなーかながた绝热流道式模具 insulated runner mold ランナーレス金型らんなーれすかながた无流道模具 runnerless molding die電鋳金型でんちゅうかながた电铸模具 electroplatting fomed mold二重金型にじゅうかながた双重模具 double stacked molding die二層金型にそうかながた双层模具 two level molding die亜鉛合金金型（ZAS金型）あえんごうきんかながた锌合金模具 zinc alloy foming die 自動金型じどうかながた自动模具 automatic molding die精密金型せいみつかながた精密模具 precision molding die通気性金型つうきせいかながた通气性模具 porus molding die石こう型せっこうがた石膏模 gypsum molding die割型对开式模具 split molding die金型部品および用語（模具部件及用語、molding die parts and wording）アダプタープレートあだぶたーぷれーと載模板adapter plateアダプターリングあだぶだーりんぐ接模圈adapter ring当て板あていた垫板caul当て金あてがね锁块punch heel合せ穴あわせあな定位銷孔dowel hole合せピンあわせぴん定位銷dowel pinアンカーピンあんかーぴん錨銷、固定銷ancher pinアンギュラーカムあんぎゅらーかむ斜位合模凸轮angular camアンギュラーピンあんぎゅらーぴん斜位銷、斜导销angular pinアンダーカットあんだーかっと凹槽undercut入れ子いれこ模槽嵌件cavity or core insert入れ子穴いれこあな模槽嵌件孔insert holeインサート金具いんさーとかなぐ金属嵌件metal insertインサートピンあんさーとぴん嵌件銷insert pinウエブうえぶ片料、卷筒料web受け板うけいた垫模板、承板backing plateエア突出しえあつきだし气刀脱模air ejectionエアベントえあべんと通气管air ventエジェクタースリーブえじぇくたーすりーぶ脱模套筒ejector sleeveエジェクターピンえじぇくたーぴん顶针ejector pinエジェクタープレートえじぇくたーぷれーと脱模銷托板ejector plateエジェクターフレームえじぇくたーふれーむ顶出框ejector frameエジェクターロッドえじぇくたーろっど顶框连杆ejector rod置き中子おきちゅうし設置芯setting coreオーバーラップゲートおーばーらっぷげーと重迭浇口overlap gateガイドピンがいどぴん合模銷、导柱guide pinガイドピンブッシュがいどぴんぶっしゅ合模銷套、导套guide pin bushガイドプレートがいどぷれーと导料板guide plateガス抜きがすぬき脱气、放气degassing，breathing型当り面かたあたりめん模具型面die face型板かたばん模具装配(固定)板mold plate型継目かたつぎめ模塑接縫mold seam可動側型板かどうそくかたばん可动侧模板movale retainer plate可動側取付け板かどうそくとりつけばん可动侧装模板movale clamping plate可動盤かどうばん活动盘movale plate金型構造かながたこうぞう模具結构die construction金型設計かながたせっけい模具設計die design金型取付け面積かながたとりつけめんせき模具安装面积mold clamping area 金型冷却水路かながたれいきゃくすいろ金属模冷却水路die cooling passege金型冷却状態かながたれいきゃくじょうたい金属模冷却状态die cooling condition 貫通孔かんつうこう貫穿孔道through tube（hole）キャビティきゃびてぃ模槽、阴模cavityキャビティ側きゃびてぃがわ阴模側cavity side 強制突出しきょうせいつきだし強制頂出forced ejectionクーリングスリーブくーりんぐすりーぶ冷却套筒cooling sleeveクーリングマンドレルくーりんぐまんどれる冷却芯型cooling mandrelクーリングリングくーりんぐりんぐ冷却环cooling ring傾斜突出しけいしゃつきだし傾斜脱模slant ejectionゲートげーど浇口gateゲートバランスげーどばらんす浇口平衡gate balanceゲートブッシュげーでぶっしゅ浇口衬套gate bushゲートランドげーどらんど浇口面gate landコアこあ模芯coreコアピンこあぴん成穴銷core pinコアピンプレートこあぴんぷれーと成穴銷托板core pin plate固定側型板固定側模板stationary retainer plate固定側取付け板こていがわとりつけいた固定側装模板stationary clamping plate コールドスラグウエルこーるどすらぐうえる冷块井cold slug wellサイドゲートさいどげーと側向浇口side gateサイドコアさいどこあ側位模芯side coreサブスプルーゲートさぶすぷるーげーと分注道式浇口subsprue gateサブマリンゲートさぶまりんげーと沉陥式浇口submarine gateサーフェスピンさーふぇすぴん回程銷sureface pinサポートピンさぽーとぴん支承銷support pinシアゲートしあげーと剪断浇口shear gate シアピンしあぴん剪断安全銷shear pin自動突出しじどうつきだし自動頂出automatic ehectionストリッパープレートすとりっぱーぷれーと脱模板striper plateストップピンすとっぷぴん止動銷、挡銷stop pinスプルーすぶるー注口、注口冷料sprueスプルー突出しピンすぶるーつきだしぴんｄｒ注道残料銷sprue ejecter pinスプルーゲートすぷるーげーと直浇口sprue gateスプルーブッシュすぷるーぶっしゅ注口衬套sprue bushスプルーロックピンすぷるーろっくぴん注道残料固定銷sprue lock pinスペーサーブロックすぺーさーぶろっく模脚、間隔块spacer blockスライドコアすらいどこあ滑動型芯、滑芯slide coreスリーブ突出しすりーぷつきだし套筒脱模銷sleeve ejectionスラグウエルすらぐうえる冷流井slug well制限ゲートせいげんげーと穿浇口restricted gateセンターゲートせんたーげーと中心浇口center gateダイアフラムゲートだいあふらむげーと隔模型浇口diaphragm gateダイストロークだいすとろーく动模行程die strokダイハイトだいはいと装模高度die heightダイプレートだいぷれーと口模板die plateダイブロックだいぶろっく模体die blockダイラインだいらいん圧模分線die lineダイリングだいりんぐ凹模圈die ringダイレクトゲートだいれくとげーと直接浇口direct gateダウエルピンだうえるぴん定位銷dowel pinダウエルブッシュだうえるぶっしゅ定位銷套dowel bush多点ゲートたてんげーと复式浇口multiple gateタブゲートたぶげーと柄形浇口tab gateダブルサイドゲートだぶるさいどげーど双侧面浇口double side gate 段付きピンだんつきぴん台阶式銷shoulderd ejection pin断熱板だんねつばん絶熱板insulation board突出しつきだし頂出ejection突出し装置つきだしそうち頂出装置ejector突出し板つきだしいた脱模銷托板ejector plate突出しピンつきだしぴん頂出銷ejector pin突出し棒つきだしぼう頂出杆ejector rod，knock－out bar突出しリターンピンつきだしりたーんぴん脱模板回程銷ejector plate return oin 吊りピンつりぴん吊銷support pinディスクゲートでぃすくげーと盘形浇口disk gateトピードとぴーど水雷形扩张器torpedo sprederとも型ともがた双联阴模板duplicate cavity plate取付け板とりずけいた定模板、装模板clamping plateトンネルゲートとんねるげーと隧道形浇口tunnel gate中子ちゅうし芯、芯子core斜めピンななめぴん指形銷finger pin二次スプルーにじげんすぶるー二次注口second sprue二次ランナーにじげんらんなー分流道secondry runner二段突出しにだんつきだし二工位頂出two step ejection抜き勾配（ドラフト）ぬきこうはい(どらふと) 抜模斜度draftノズルのずる注嘴nozzleノズルシートのずるしーと注嘴座nozzle seatノズルタッチのずるたっち注嘴接触nozzle touchingノズルマニホールドのずるまにほーるど注嘴分流腔nozzle manifoldノックピンのっくぴん定位銷knock pinノックアウトのっくあうと頂出knock－outノックアウトピンのっくあうとぴん頂出銷knock－out pinノックアウトピンプレートのっくあうとぴんぷれーと頂出銷托板knock－out pin plateパーティングラインはーてぃんぐらいん合模线parting lineバッフルプレートばっふるぷれーと隔板、挡板baffle plateバランスドランナーばらんすどらんなー平衡流道balanced runnerバルブゲートばるぶげーと阀门浇口valve gate非制限ゲートひせいげんげーと无阻浇口unrestricted gate標準ゲートひょうじゅんげーと标准浇口standerd gate標準ノズルひょうじゅんのずる标准注嘴standred nozzleピンポイントゲートぴんぽいんとげーと針孔形浇口pin point gateファンゲートふぁんげーと扇形浇口fan gateフィルムゲートふぃるむげーと膜形浇口film gateブッシュぶっしゅ衬套bushフラッシュゲートふらっしゅげーと飞边形浇口flash gateブランクぶらんく毛坯blank分割線ぶんかつせん合模線parting lineベントべんと通気口ventホットランナーほっとらんなー熱流道hot runnerホットチップほっとちっぷ加熱片hot chipマニホールドまにほーるど集流腔manifoldマルチゲットまるちげっと复式浇口multi gate水穴みずあな水冷腔water channelめくら栓めくらせん暗栓、暗塞blank plugモールドベースもーるどべーす金属模底座mold baseライナーらいなー衬垫、套筒、嵌入件linerランドらんど溢料面、合模面landランナーらんなー流道runnerランナーストリッパープレートらんなーすとりっぱーぷれーと流道頂出板runner stripper plate ランナーロックピンらんなーろっくぴん流道鎖銷runner lock pinリーダーピンりーだーぴん导銷leader pinリーダーピンブッシュりーだーぴんぶっしゅ导銷套leader pin bushリターンピンりたーんぴん回程銷return pinリテーナーピンりてーなーぴん嵌件回程銷retainer pin リテーナープレートりてーなーぷれーと嵌件托板retainer plateリムゲートりむげーと边形浇口rim gate流路流路fluid passageリング状回路りんぐじょうかいろ环形回路ring circuit passeageリングゲートりんぐげーと环形浇口ring gate冷却回路れいきゃくかいろ冷却回路cooling passeage冷却効果れいきゃくこうか冷却效应cooling effect冷却速度れいきゃくそくど冷却速度cooling speed冷却水通路れいきゃくすいつうろ冷却水通道cooling channelロッキングブロックろきんぐぶろっく滑块锁紧块rocking bolckロッドピンろっどぴん定位銷rod pinロケートリングろけーとりんぐ定位环locating ring金型関連機械部品および用語（模具有关的机械部件及用語、mechanical parts and wording for molding die）アイボルトあいぼると吊环螺栓eye boltアスベスト板あすべすとばん石棉板asbestos plateあり溝ありこう燕尾槽dovetailいんろういんろう凹窝centering locationエアシリンダーえあしりんだー气罐、气缸air cylinderエルボ えるぼ弯elbowOリング OりんぐO形环、密封圈O ring型替え 换模ガスケットがすけっと密封垫gaskerカップリングかっぷりいぐ偶联couplingカムかむ凸轮cam管用テーパーねじかんようてーぱーねじ錐管螺紋taper pipe thread管用平行ねじかんようへいこうねじ平管螺紋parallel pipe threadギアポンプぎあぽんぷ齿轮泵gear pump機械加工性きかいかこうせい切削性machinability木型木模wooden pattern機械的性質きかいてきせいしつ機械性能machanical characteriticキャップボルトきゃっぷぼると盖螺栓cap boltくさびくさび木楔、开口銷cotter 口金くちがね柱帽、管塞capグラファイトぐらふぁいと石墨graphiteクリアランスくりあらんす間隙、游隙clearanceグリースニップルぐりーすにっぷる潤滑脂注入口、潤滑脂嘴grease nipple光沢こうたく光沢glossコーナー半径（R）こーなーはんけい（あーる）角半径corner radiusゴムごむ橡胶rubberゴムホースごむほーす橡胶软管rubber tube作動油液圧油hydraulic oilジグ（治具）じぐ夾具jig締付け金具しめつけがなぐ卡子、箱夹clampシリコンゴムしりこんごむ硅橡胶silicon rubberシールテープしーるてーぷ密封带seal tape数値制御（NC）すうちせいぎょ（えぬじー）数字控制numerical controleスクリュウ（ねじ）すくりゅう螺絲、螺杆screwスプリングワッシャーすぷりんぐわっしゃー弾簧垫圈spring washerスライダックすらいだっく滑线电阻調圧器slidac寸法安定性すんぽうあんていせい尺寸穏定性dimensional stability台形だいけい梯形trapezoidダイアフラムだいあふらむ隔模diaphragm耐用年数たいようねんすう耐用年限durable period（term）ツーリングつーりんぐ工具准备、工具布置toolingテーパーてーぱー錐度taperテーパーピンてーぱーぴん錐形銷taper pinテンプレートてんぷれーと様板、様規、模板template逃げ角にげかく切口斜角relief angleニップルにっぷる管接头、喷嘴nippleバカ孔ばかこう空炮眼loose holeパッキンばっきん填料packingバッフルばっふる导流塞baffleばねばね弹簧springピッチぴっち螺距pitchプリホーマーぷりほーまー預圧機preformerマスキングますきんぐ遮蔽maskingマスキングテープますきんぐてーぷ遮蔽胶带masking tape油圧シリンダーゆうあつしりんだー液圧缸hydraulic cylinder油圧ポンプゆうあすぽんぷ液圧泵hydraulic pump六角穴付きボルトろっかくつきぼると内六角螺栓bolt of hexagon scoket head 六角ナットろっかくなっと六角螺母hexagon nut 六角ボルトろっかくぼると六角头螺栓hexagon boltロックナットろっくなっと鎖緊螺母lock nutワッシャーわっしゃー垫圈washer金 型 加 工（模 具 加 工、manufacturing of molding die）合いマークあいまーく対刻印notch markあそびあそび游隙、间隙clearance当り（あたり）あたり接触、刮研点contact当り面あたえいめん接触点、噛合点contact point圧縮加工あっしゅくかこう圧縮成形forming for compression合せ作業あわせさぎょう配合作業matching work粗仕上げあらしあげ預修飾prefinising上向き削りうわむきけずり逆銑up－cut milling液体ホーニングえきたいほーにんぐ液体搪磨liquid honingエッチングえっちんぐ蝕刻、侵蝕etching送り量おくりりょう送進量feed rate送り速度おくりそくど送進速度feed speed化学研磨かがくげんま化学（研）磨chemical polishing加工かこう加工fabrication，processing加工基準面かこうきじゅんめん加工基準面die reference plane型合せからあわせ模具定位die spottingがたがた松度、松驰loosenessカッターオフセットかったーおふせっと刀具偏量cutter offsetカッターパス（工具経路）かったーぱす（こうぐけいろ）刀具軌迹cutter passカッター干渉かったーかんしょう刀具干渉cutter interferes金型調整かながたちょうせつ模具調整die tryout，spotting in基準面きじゅんめん基準面working reference plane許容限度寸法きょようげんどすんぽう允許尺寸偏差limited size許容寸法きょようすんぽう允許尺寸allowable size鏡面研磨きょうめんげんま鏡面研磨mirror polishing切込み深さきりこみふかさ切削深度depth of cut組立時間くみたてじかん装配時間assembly time組立図くみたてず装配図、組装図assembly drawingグリースアップぐりーすあっぷ加油、加注潤滑脂grease upけがきけがき刻線marking offゲージ長さげーじながさ标距gauge length現物合せけんぶつあわせ装配件配作shop adjustment研磨仕上げけんましあげ研磨加工abrasive finishing工具径補正こうぐけいほせい刀具直径补偿tool diameter compensation 工具長補正こうぐちょうほせい刀具长度补偿tool length compensation 工具再研削刀具重磨tool resharpening 工具寿命こうぐじゅみょう工具寿命tool life 工作図こうさくず工作図shop drowing工作精度こうさくせいど加工精度machining accuracy構成刃先こうせいはさき积屑瘤、刀瘤build up edge公差こうさ公差tolerance誤差ごさ誤差errer コールドホビングこーるどほびんぐ冷挤圧制模cold hobbingさらう疎浚clean out三次元加工さんじげんかこう三元加工、立体加工three dimention milling サンドブラストさんどぶらすと噴砂处理sand blast仕上げしあげ修飾finising仕上げ程度しあげていど修飾程度finising grade仕上げしろしあげしろ修飾余量finising allowance試打ちためしうち試模塑test forming下向き削りしたむきけずり順銑down－cut milling重切削加工強力切削heavy cuttingショットブラストしょっとぶらすと噴丸処理shot blast水圧試験すいあつしけん水圧試験hydraulic pressure testスプレーすぷれー噴射sprayすり合せすりあわせ面磨合facing up製品図せいひんず产品图product drowing切削速度切削速度cutting speed切削巾切削寛度width of cut線図せんず線型図lines chart塑性加工ちょうせいかこう塑性加工plasticty processingタッピングたっぴんぐ攻絲tapping段取りだんどり安排程序preparetory plan調整箇所ちょうせいかしょ調整部分adjust part調整寸法ちょうせいすんぽう調整尺寸adjustable length調整方法ちょうせいほうほう調整方法adjust method槌打錘击、鍛打hammering突合せ箇所つきあわせかしょ突出部分、粗端部分butt place手直してなおし修正、修改repair電解加工でんかいかこう电解加工electrolytic processing電解研削电解磨削electrolytic grinding電解研磨でんかいけんま电解抛光electrolytic polishing電着法でんちゃくほう电解沉积法electro deposition process電鋳法でんちゅうほう電鋳法electroplating forming method点検てんけん検点inspection，check熱間加工ねっかんかこう熱加工hot processingバリ切りばりきり模具面配合die face fittingピックフィードぴっくふぃーど周期進給pick feed冷やしばめひやしばめ冷圧配合cooling fit 不具合箇所ふぐあいかしょ不具備部分defecient portion腐食加工ふしょくかこう磨蝕加工erosion working放電加工（EDM）ほうでんかこう（いーでぃーえむ）电火花加工electric discharge machining ホーニングほーにんぐ珩磨honingボーリングぼーりんぐ钻探、钻孔boringみがき抛光polishing面とりめんどり倒角chamfering面削加工表面加工，刨削，面飾facing work焼きばめやきばめ熱圧配合shrinkage fit有効巾ゆうこうきん有効寛度working width溶射ようしゃ火炎噴涂flame spray coating呼び寸法よびすんぽう基本尺寸nominal dimension冷間加工れいかんかこう冷加工cold workレベル調整れべるちょうせい水準調整levelling adjustment六面切削加工ろくめんけずりかこう六面切削加工hexadral face cuttingワイシャカット放電加工（WEDM）わいしゃかっとほうでんかっと电火花线切割wire cutting E 金型加工機械および設備（模具加工機械及設備、machine tools and equipment）数値制御（NC）工作機械すうちせいぎょ（えぬしー）こうさくきかい数控机床numerical contro フライス盤（ミーリングマシン）すらいすばん（みーりんぐましん）铣床milling machine倣いフライス盤仿形铣床copy milling machineマシニングセンター（MC）ましにんぐせんたー（えむしー）自动换刀数控机床、加工中心machi ダイシンカー（型彫刻機）だいしんかー（けいちょうこっき）刻模机、仿形铣床die sinkerプラノミラー（平削り盤）ぷらのみらー（ひらけずりばん）龙门铣床planomiller旋盤せんばん车床latheターニングセンター（TC）たーにんぐせんたー（てぃーしー）车削加工中心(机床) turning cente 正面旋盤しょうめんせんばん端面车床facing latheたて旋盤たてせんばん立式车床vertical lathe倣い旋盤仿形车床copy lathe研削盤磨床grainding machine円箇研削盤外圓磨床cylindrical grainding machine工具研削盤工具磨床cutter grainding machineジグ研削盤座标磨床jig grainding machine電解研削盤电解磨削床clectrolyic grainding machine投影式研削盤光学曲线磨床projection grainderドリル研削盤钻头磨床drill grainding machine内面研削盤内圓磨床internal grainding machine倣い研削版仿形磨床copy grainding machine平面研削盤平面磨床suface grainding machine中ぐり盤镗床boring machineシグ中ぐり盤（ジグボーラー）座标镗床jig boring machineセーパー（型削盤）牛头刨床shaperプレーナーぷれーなー龙门刨床planerボール盤ぼーるばん钻床drilling machineガンドリルマシンがんろりるましん深孔钻床gun drilling machine電解ボール盤でんかいぼーるばん电解钻床electrolytic drilling machine深孔ボール盤しんこうぼーるばん深孔钻床long hole drilling machineラジアルボール盤らじあるぼーるばん摇臂钻床ragial drilling machine放電加工機（EDM）ほうでんかこうき（いーてぃーえむ）电火花加工机床electric dischage m ワイヤーカット放電加工機（WEDM）わいやほうでんかこうき（だぶりゅーいーでぃー）电火花线切割電解加工機でんかいかこうき电解加工机electrlyic processing machine彫刻機ちょうこっき刻模机engraving machineバンドソー（帯のこ盤）帯鋸band sawベルトサンダーべるとさんだー砂帯磨机belt sanderコールドホビングプレスこーるどほびんぐぶれす冷挤制模圧力机cold hobbing pressダイスポッティングプレスだしすぽってぃぐぷれす模具定位圧力机die spotting pressダイセッティングプレスだいせってぃんぐぷれす模具装配圧力机die setting oress傾斜円テーブルけいしゃえんてーぶる傾斜圓盘工作台incling circular table工具交換装置こうぐこうかんそうち換刀装置tool changer工具マガジンこうぐおまがじん多刀刀座tool magazineシャンクしゃんく柄、杆shankスタイラスさたいらす触针、触指stylus電磁チャックでんじちゃっく电磁吸盘electromagnetic chuck銅電鋳電極どうでんちゅうでんきょく铜电铸电极copper electroplating formed electrodeドリルチャックどりるちゃっく钻夹头drill chuckトレーサーとれーさー仿形触头tracerドッレサーどれっさー整修器、整形器dresserパンタグラフ式伸縮設備ぱんたぐらふしきしんしゅくせつび导电式伸缩设备pantagraph type e加工工具および用具（加工工具及用具、processing tools and implement）手工具てこうぐ手動工具hand tool電動工具でんどうこうぐ電動工具electric power tool空気圧工具くうきあつこうぐ風動工具compressed air tool物差し（スケール）ものさし（すけーる）尺、刻度尺rule，measure定盤ていばん平台、刻線台surface plateイケールいけーる三角板、丁字尺、弯板、直角angle plateトースカンとーすかん划针、划线盘tosecan取付けマスとりつけます帯V溝装配箱installed box with V grooveVブロックぶぃーぶろっくV形定位板V－block平行台へいこうだい平行块perallel block豆ジャッキまめじゃっき小型千斤顶small jack万力まんりき虎钳viceけがき針けがきばり刻线针marking off pinパスぱす卡钳(規）caliper内パスうちぱす内卡钳(規）inside caliper外パスそとぱす外卡钳(規）outside caliper片パスかたぱす単边钳(規）nermaphrodite calioerコンパスこんぱす制图圆规drawing compasses研磨材けんまざい磨料abrasive酸化鉄さんかてつ氧化铁iron oxide酸化クロムさんかくろむ氧化鉻chromic oxideベンガラ磨粉べんがらまこ紫红铁粉crous炭化けい素たんかけいそ二碳化硅silicon carbids酸化アルミナさんかあるみな氧化铝alumina oxide光明丹こうみょうたん红丹、铅丹lead red当て金あてがね凸模背靠块punch heelハンマー（金槌）はんまー（かなづち）锤hammer銅ハンマーどうはんまー铜锤copper hammerプラスチックハンマーぷらすちっくはんまー塑料锤plastic hammer木ハンマーきはんまー木锤wooden hammerやすりやすり锉(刀) file平やすりたいらやすり偏(平)锉flat file丸やすりまるやすり圆锉round file角やすりかくやすり方锉square file三角やすりさんかくやすり三边锉trianguler file半丸やすりはんまるやすり半圆锉half round file先細やすりせんさいやすり圆锥锉taper file先細平やすりせんさいたいらやすり锥形偏锉刀taper flat fileダイヤモンドやすりだいやもんどやすり金刚石锉diamond fileエメリーペーパーえめりーぺーぱー金刚砂纸、硬玉粉纸emery paperサンドペーパーさんどぺーぱー砂纸sand paperスティック砥石すてぃっくていせき修磨砂stick wet stoneダイヤモンドペーストだいやもんどぺーすと金刚石研磨膏diamond pasteリーマーりーまー铰刀reamer調整リーマーちょうせいりーまー可整式铰刀adjustable reamerテーパーリーマーてーぱーりーまー锥形铰刀taper reamerシェルリーマーしぇるりーまー套装铰刀shell reamerハンドリーマーはんどりーまー手胶刀hang reamerきさげ（スクレーパー）きさげ（すくれーぱー）刮刀scraper平きさげたいらきさげ平刮刀flat scraperささばきさげささばきさげ扁三角刮刀cantchi scraperたがねたがね凿子chiselポンチぽんち冲头punchセンターポンチせんたーぽんち中心冲头center punchニッパーにっぱー钳子nipperペンチぺんち克丝钳plierねじ回し（ドライバー）ねじまわし（どらいばー）螺丝起子、螺丝刀screw driver十字ねじ回し（プラスドライバー）じゅうじねじまわし（ぷらすどらいばー）十字头螺丝刀screw スパナーすぱなー板手spannerソケットレンチそけっとれんち套筒板手socket wrenchめがねレンチめがねれんち閉口板手closed wrenchモンキーレンチもんきーれんち活動板手monkey wrench六角レンチ（六角棒スパナー）ろっかくれんち（ろっかくぼうすぱなー）六角板手hexagon wre 電気ドリルだんきどりる电钻electric drillディスクサンダーでぃすくさんだー盘式砂磨器disk sanderエアガンえあがん喷气枪air gunグリースガンぐりーすがん潤滑脂枪、注油枪grease gunスプレーガンすぷれーがん喷枪spray gunガスバーナーがすばーな燃焼气喷灯gas burnerトーチとーち焊炬torch切 削 工 具（切 削 工 具，cutting tool）正面フライスしょうめんふらいす端(面)锉刀face millあり溝フライスありみぞふらいす燕尾槽铣刀dovetail milling cutter座グリフライスざぐりふらいす鍯孔铣刀spot facing fraise総形フライスそうけいふらいす成形铣刀formed cutterＴ溝フライスてぃーみぞふらいすT形槽铣刀T－slot milling cutter面取りフライスめんどりふらいす(外)圆角锉刀corner rounding cutterエンドミルえんどみる立铣刀end millスパイラルエンドミルすぱいらるえんどみる螺旋立铣刀spiral end mill直刃エンドミルちょくはえんどみる直刃立铣刀straight tooth end millテーパーエンドミルてーぱーえんどみる锥形立铣刀taperd end millテーパーボールエンドミルてーぱーぼーるえんどみる锥形球头立铣刀taperd ball end mill二枚刃エンドミルにまいばえんどみる双刃立铣刀two blade end millねじれ刃エンドミルねじればえんどみる螺旋刃立铣刀helical tooth end millボールエンドミルぼーるえんどみる圆头指形立铣刀ball end millドリルどりる钻、钻头drill油穴付きドリルあぶらあなつきえんどみる帯油孔深钻oil hole drillガンドリルがんどりる深孔钻、枪管钻gun drillセンタードリルせんたーどりる中心钻center drillロングドリルろんぐどりる长钻头long drill研削砥石けんさくていせき磨轮grinding wheel砥石用結合剤ていせきようけつごうざい磨料粘結剤abrasive binderスローアウエイチップすろーあうえいちっぷ不磨刃刀片throwaway chipバイトばいと切削刀biteメタルソーめたるそー金属开缝锯metal sliting sawホブほぶ挤圧母模hob測 定 器 具（測 量 仪 器、measuring equepment）絶対測定ぜったいそくてい絶対測量absolute measuring比較測定ひかくそくてい比較測量comparison measuring三次元座標測定機さんじげんざひょうそくていき三座标測量仪three dimention measuring m 拡大投影機かくだいとうえいき扩大投影设备enlarge projecting apparatos工具顕微鏡こうぐけんびきょう工具显微镜tool microscopeオプチカルフラットおぷちかるふらっと光学平玻璃optical flatノギスのぎす游标卡尺vernier caliperハイトゲージはいとげーじ高度規height gaugeデップスゲージでっぷすげーじ測深規depth gaugeダイヤルゲージだいやるげーじ刻度盘dial gaugeてこ式ダイヤルゲージてこしきだいやるげーじ杠杆式刻度盘lever type dial test indicater ピックテスターぴっくてすたー抽样検査計pick testerシリンダーゲージしりんだーげーじ缸径規cylinder gaugeマイクロメーターまいくろめーたー測微計、千分尺micrometer外測マイクロメーターがいそくまいくろめーたー外測測微計outer measur micrometer内測マイクロメーターないそくまいくろめーたー内測測微計inner measur micrometer棒マイクロメーターぼうまいくろめーたー棒状測微計bar type micrometerデップスマイクロメーターでっぷすまいくろめーたー測深測微計depth micrometerブロックゲージぶろっくげーじ块規block gauge直角定規ちょっかくげーじ直角尺、験方角規trysquareサインバーさいんばー正弦尺（規）sine bar丸箇スコヤまるつつすこや圆筒形直角尺cylindrical squareすきみゲージ（シックネスゲージ）すきみげーじ（しっくねすげーじ）塞尺、厚度規thickness ラジアスゲージ（Ｒゲージ）らじあすげーじ（あーるげーじ）圓角規radius gauge直定規（ストレートエッジ）ちょうくじょうぎ直規尺straight edge水準器すいじゅうき水平器levwlvial金 型 不 良（模 具 不 良，molding die defective）圧こんあつこん圧痕indentationかじりかじり咬、咬住、卡住scuffing，galling型合せ不良かたあわせふりょう模具定位不良die miss spotting型くずれ、ぐいちかたくずれ、ぐいち错箱、合模错位、模具偏移miss matching型きずかたきず模损、模型伤损mold mark型ずれかたずれ错箱、错位、偏芯mold shift片減りかたへり偏向毁(磨)损swaying defacement金型調整不良かながたちょうせいふりょう模具調整不良、模具偏心die miss adjustment金型破損かながたはそん模具损坏die failureゲートマークげーとまーく浇口痕進gate mark研削割れけんさくわれ磨削裂纹grainding crackピンホールぴんぼーる针孔、针眼pin hole温 度 測 定 および 加 熱 法（温度測量及加熱法，temperture measurement and heating）棒状温度計ぼうじょうおんどけい棒形温度計bar type thermometerサーミスターさーみすたー热敏电阻thermisterサーモカップルさーもかっぷる热电偶、温差电偶thermocoupleヒーターひーたー加热器heater棒状ヒーターぼうじょうひーたー棒形加熱器bar type heaterカートリッジヒーターかーとりっじひーたー筒形加熱器cartridge heaterサーモスタットさーもすたっと温度自動調節器thermostatシーズヒーターしーずひーたー封装加热器sheath heaterスペースヒーターすぺーすひーたー空间加热器space heaterパイロメーターぱいろめーたー高温計pyrometerバンドヒーターばんどひーたー帯式加熱器band heaterヒートパイロひーとばいろ熱管heat pipe誘電加熱ゆうでんかねつ介質加熱dielectric heating誘導加熱ゆうどうかねつ感应加热induction heating高周波加熱こうしゅうはかねつ高频加热high frequency heating金 型 材 料（模 具 材 料，molding die material）金型用鋼材かながたようどうざい模具鋼mold steel高炭素鋼こうたんそどう高碳鋼high carbon steelクロームモリブデン鋼くろーむもりぶでんこう铬钼鋼chrome molybdenum steel機械構造用炭素鋼きかいこうぞうようたんそこう機械機構用碳素鋼mechanic structual carbon 高速度工具鋼こうそくどこうぐどう高速工具鋼high speed tool steel炭素工具鋼たんそこうぐどう碳素工具鋼carbon tool steelモリブデン鋼もりぶでんどう钼钢molybdenum steel折出硬化鋼おりだしこうかどう沉淀硬化鋼precipitation hardening steelプリハードン鋼ぷりはーとんこう預硬化鋼prehardened steel真空熔解鋼しんくうようかいこう真空熔解鋼vacuum melting steel真空鋳造鋼しんくうちゅうぞうこう真空浇注钢vacuum casting steelべりリウム鋼べりりうむこう铍钢beryllium copper真鍮しんちゅう黄铜bressアルミ合金あるみごうきん铝合金aluminium alloy亜鉛合金（ZAS）あえんごうきん锌合金zinc alloy超硬合金ちょうごうごうきん硬質合金sintered hard alloy焼結合金しょうけつごうきん焼結合金sintering alloy粉末合金ふんまつごうきん粉末合金powder alloyシートメタルしーとめたる薄钢板、金属薄板sheet metal針金はりがね钢线、钢丝steel wire黒皮くろかわ黑皮、铸皮、氧化皮mill scale炭化物たんかぶつ碳化物carbide窒化物ちっかぶつ氮化物nitrideタングステンたんぐすてん钨tungstenチタンちたん钛titanモリブデンもりぶでんどう钼molybdenum金属組織きんぞくそしき金相metallography火花試験ひばなじっけん火花試験spark test熱 処 理（热 处 理、heat treatment）焼入れ（クエンチング）やきいれ（くえんちんぐ）淬火quenching焼なまし（焼鈍、アニーリング）やきなまし（しょうとん、あにーりんぐ）退火annialing焼ならし（焼準、ノルマライジング）やきならし（しょうじゅん、のるまらいじんぐ）正火norm 焼戻し（テンパリング）やきもどし（てんぱりんぐ）回火tenpering真空焼入れしんくうやきいれ真空淬火vacuum quenching真空焼戻ししんくうやきもどし真空回火vacuum tenperingサブゼロ処理さぶぜろしょり冷冻处理subzero treatment浸炭焼入れしんたんやきいれ渗碳淬火cemented quenching火炎焼入れかえんやきいれ火焰淬火flame hardening高周波焼入れこうしゅうはやきいれ高频淬火high frequency quenching固体浸炭こたいしんたん固体淬火solid carburzing急冷きゅうれい骤冷quenching浸炭しんたん渗碳cementation時効効果じこうこうか垫效效应aging effect常温硬化じょうおんこうか冷固化room temperature cure，cold setting焼結（シンタリング）しょうけつ（しんたりんぐ）焼結sintering硬化こうか固化、硬化、硫化cure，curing調質ちょうしつ調質quench and tempering焼割れやきわれ淬裂quenching crack変態点へんたいてん相変点transformation point表 面 処 理（表 面 处 理、surface treating）窒化ちっか氮化nitriding軟窒化なちっか软氮化soft nitridingイオン窒化いおんちっか电离化、氮化ion nitriding化学蒸着（CVD）かがくじょうちゃく化学蒸气沉积chemical vaper depostion真空蒸着しんくうじょうっちゃく真空蒸镀vacuum deposition，vacum metallizing物理蒸着（PVD）ぶつりじょうっちゃく物理汽相沉积physical vaper deposition前処理まえしょり預处理pretreatingメッキめっき镀plating化学メッキかがくめっき化学镀chemical plating電気メッキでんきめっき电镀electroplating電極でんきょく电极electrode無電解メッキむでんかいめっき无电镀electroless platingクロームメッキくろーむめっき镀铬chromium plating硬質クロームメッキこうしつくろーむめき镀硬铬hard chromium plating熔 接（焊 接、welding）熔接ようせつ焊接weldingアーク熔接あーくようせつ电孤焊接arc weldingアセチレン熔接あせちれんようせつ乙炔焊接acetylene weldingアルゴン熔接あるごんようせつ氩弧焊接argon weldingガス熔接がすようせつ气焊gas weldingプラズマ熔接ぷらずまようせつ等离子焊接plasma welding熔接ビードようせつびーど焊道weld bead熔接棒ようせつぼう焊条weld rod ろう付ろうつき渗焊brazeing炉中ろう付（ファーネスブレージング）炉内渗焊furnace brazeingハンダ付はんだつき软渗焊soldering各 種 油 剤（各 种 油 剤、oil for cutting，lubrication and others）水溶性切削油剤溶性油質切削剤soluble cutting oil不水溶性切削油剤不水溶性油質切削剤unsoluble cutting oil油性切削剤油質切削剤cutting oil潤滑油じゅんかつゆ潤滑油lubricant oil固体潤滑剤こたいじゅんかつざい固体潤滑剤solid lubricant減磨剤げんまざい減磨剤antifriction composition防錆剤ぼうちんざい防銹剤anticorrosive agent二硫化モリブデンにりゅうかもりぶでん二硫化钼disulphideグリースぐりーす潤滑脂、脂膏、黄脂greaseスピンドル油すぴんどるゆ轴潤滑油spindle oilベンジンべんじん笨块benzineワセリンわせりん凡士林、矿脂petrolum ointment灯油とうゆ煤油、灯油kerosene軽油けいゆ軽油light oilシリコンしりこん硅、硅油silicon洗浄油せんじょうゆ洗消油detergent oilワックスわっくす蜡、涂蜡waxCAD／CAM電子計算機支援設計／製造（CAD/CAM）でんしけいさんきしえんせっけい／せいぞう电脑補助設計／二進数にしんすう二進制数字binary number十進数じゅっしんすう十進制数字decimal numberハードウェアはーどうぇあ硬件hard wareソフトウェアそふとうぇあ軟件soft ware中央演算処理装置（CPU）ちゅうおうえんさんしょりそうち中心运算处理设备central operation エンジニアリングワークステーション（EWS）えんじにありんぐわーくすてーしょん工程作业工作站ホストコンピューターほすとこんぴゅーたー主计算机host computerグラフィックディスプレーぐらふぃっくぢすぷれー图形显示装置graphic displayキーボードきーぼーど键盘key boardメモリーめもりー在储memoryシミュレーションしみゅれーしょん模拟、仿真simulationモデリングもでりんぐ模型制造modeling自由曲線じゆうきょくせん自由曲线free－form curve自由曲面じゆうきょうくめん自由曲面free－form surface近似曲線きんじきょくせん近似曲线approximate interpolation円弧補間えんこほかん圆弧插値linear interpolation直線補間ちょくせんほかん线架模型wire frame modelワイヤーフレームモデルわいやーふれーむもでる表面模型surface modelサーフェスモデルさーふぇいすもでる実体模型solid modelソリッドモデルそりっどもでる基本体素primitive unitクーンツ曲線くーんつきょくせん孔斯曲线Coons curveスプライン曲線すぷらいんきょくせん样条曲线spline curveＮＵＲＢＳ曲線 NUPBSきょくせんNURBS曲线NURBS curveバッチばっち曲面片batchセグメントせぐめんと线段、部分segmentプロファイルぷろふぁいる断面、截面profileレイアウトれいあうと布置、配置layout集合演算しゅうごうえんさん集合运算set opration演算速度（速度単位mips）えんさんそくど（そくどたんいmips）計算速度calculation speedｍｉｐｓ（百万回／毎秒） mips（ひゃくまんかい／まいびょう）每秒钟执行／百万条指示million アナログあなろぐ模拟的analog（ue）デジタルでじたる数字的digitalマグネットテープまぐねっとてーぷ磁铁带magnet tapeパンチ（穿孔）テープ穿孔带punch tapeフロッピーディスクふろっぴーでぃすく软(磁)盘floppy disc成 形（成 形、molding）成 形 方 法（成 形 方 法、molding methords）圧縮（コンプレッション）成形あっしゅく（こんぷれっしょん）せいけい圧塑compression mol 移送（トランスファ）成形いそう（とらんすふぁ）せいけい传递塑transfer molding射出（インジェクション）成形しゃしゅつ（いんじぇくしょん）せいけい注塑injection molding 中空（吹込、ブロー）成形ちゅうくう（ふきこみ、ぶろー）せいけい吹塑blow molding真空成形しんくうせいけい真空成形vacuum forming押出成形おしだしせいけい挤塑extrusion molding発泡成形はっぽうせいけい发泡成形expansion molding射出圧縮成形しゃしゅつあっしゅくせいけい注射圧塑injection compression molding射出ブロー成形しゃしゅつぶろーせいけい注射吹塑injection blow molding低圧射出成形ていあつしゃしゅつせいけい低圧注塑low pressure injection molding低発泡射出成形ていはっぽうしゃしゅつせいけい低发泡注塑low expansion injection molding 粉末射出成形ふんまつしゃしゅつせいけい粉末注塑powder injection molding反応射出成形（RIM）はんのうしゃしゅつせいけい反应注塑reaction injection moldingロストコア成形ろすとこあせいけい失芯注塑lost core injection molding2シェル式射出成形つーしぇるしきしゃしゅつせいけい二売注塑tow shell injection moldingアウトサート成形あうとさーとせいけい金属嵌件上注塑outsert molding一体射出成形いったいしゃしゅつせいけい连(一、整)体注塑monolithic（one piece）injection m インサート成形いんさーとせいけい嵌件注塑insert moldingガスアシスト射出成形がすあしすとしゃしゅつせいけい气张注塑gas assist injection molding 金属粉末射出成形（MIM）きんぞくふんまつしゃしゅつせいけい金属粉末注塑metal powder in 多色射出成形たしきしゃしゅつせいけい多色注塑multi color injection molding二次成形にじせいけい后成形post moldingワンショット成形わんしょっとせいけい一次成形one shot molding熱成形ねつせいけい热成形thermo foming注型ちゅうがた铸型castingロータリー成形ろーたりーせいけい轮转式模塑rotary moldingダイキャスティングだいきゃすてぃんぐ圧铸die castingシェルモールドしぇるもーるど売型鋳造sheel moldingロストワックス法ろすとわっくすほう失蜡法lost wax process深絞り法ふかしぼりほう深冲成形、深扛成形deep drow forming成形機および機構（成形机及机構、molding machine and mechanism）インラインスクリュウ式射出成形機いんらいんすくりゅうしきしゃしゅつせいけいき同轴往复螺杆式注射出成形機しゃしゅつせいけいき注塑机injection molding machine多色射出成形機たしきしゃしゅつせいけいき多色注塑机multi color injection molding machi プランジャー式射出成形機ぷらんじゃーしきしゃしゅつせいけいき柱塞式注塑机plunger type ロングノズル式射出成形機ろんぐのずるしきしゃしゅつせいけいき延长嘴式注塑机injection mol 射出装置しゃしゅつそうち注射装置injection unit射出ノズルしゃしゅつのずる注射嘴injection nozzle延長ノズルえんちょうのずる增长注嘴extension nozzle射出プランジャーしゃしゅつぷらんじゃー注射柱塞injection plunger熱盤ねつばん加热板heating plate直圧式型締め機構ちょくあつかたしめそうち直接液圧式合模系統straight hydraulic mold clam トグル式型締め装置とぐるしきかたしめそうち肘节式合模装置toggle type mold clamping s タイバー（控え棒）たいばー（ひかえぼう）拉扛、拉杆tie barボルスターぼるすたー支承物bolster可動盤かどうばん活动盘movale plate固定盤こていばん固定台stationary platen，fixed platen温度調整装置（温調器）おんどちょうせつそうち温度調节设备(恒温器) temperature regulation 取出しロボットとりだしろぼ頂出機械手take out robot成 形 用 語（成 形 用 語、molding wording）アイドルタイムあいどるたいむ空閑時間idle time後仕上げあとしあげ後修飾post finisingアト収縮あとしゅうしゅく後収縮after shrinkage，post shrinkageインサート金具あんさーとかなぐ金属嵌件metal insertインサートピンいんさーとぴん嵌件销insert pinインチングいんちんぐ寸進inchingウエルドうえるど熔合weldエンジニアリングプラスチックえんじにありんぐぷらすちっく工程塑料engineering plastics 可塑化かそか塑化plasticization型締力かたしめりょく合模圧力locking force，clamping force型開き力かたひらきりょく开模力mold opening force過剰充填かじょうじゅうちん过充填over packing完全充填かんぜんじゅうちん完全充气complete inflation強化プラスチックきょうかぷらすちっく高強度层圧塑料high strength plastics結晶性樹脂けっしょうがたじゅし晶形樹脂crystallion polymer合成樹脂ごうせいじゅし合成樹脂synthetic resinサイクル（周期）さいくる（しゅうき）周期、循环cycleしぼしぼ缩皱textureしぼ付けしぶつけ圧花enbossing射出圧力しゃゆつあつりょく注塑圧力injection pressure射出成形サイクルしゅしゅつせいけいさいくる注塑周期injection molding cycle射出速度しゃしゅつせいけいそくど注塑速度injection speed射出容量しゃしゅつようりょう注射量machine shot capacity樹脂じゅし树脂resin樹脂流れじゅしながれ树脂条痕resin streakショットしょっと注射、注料、注塑料shotストロークすとろーく行程、冲程strokeスローダウンすろーだうん減速slow down成形せいけい成形、模塑molding，forming成形圧力せいけいあつりょく注塑圧力molding pressure成形温度せいけいおんど成形温度molding temperature成形サイクル（時間）せいけいさいくる成形周期（時間）molding cycle（time）成形材料せいけいざいりょう成形材料molding material成形収縮せいけいしゅしゅく成形収縮、模後収縮molding shrinkage成形性せいけいせい可模塑性moldability成形ひずみせいけいひずみ成形応変molding strainダイアプローチだいあぷろーち模头接近die approachダイ間隔だいかんかく模口隙距die gapダイストロークだいすとろく动模行程die strokタイバー間隔たいばーかんかく柆杆间距tiebar strok滞留時間たいりゅうじかん保留時間retention time縮みしろちぢみしろ収縮許容量ahrinkage allowanceデイライトでいらいと圧板間距day－lite lengthドライサイクルどらいさいくる干循环dray cycleトリミングとりみんぐ切边triming二次加工にじかこう二次加工fabication熱可塑性樹脂ねつかそせいじゅし热塑性樹脂thermoplastic resin熱硬化性樹脂ねつこうかせいじゅし熱固性樹脂thermosetting resinノズル閉鎖のずるへいさ注嘴止流nozzle shut offパージぱーじ清洗、清除purgeバフばふ抛光布轮buff，buffing wheelバフ仕上げばふしあげ布轮抛光buffingパリソンばりそん型坯parisonバリ取りばりとり去飞边deflashingバリ溝ばりこう滋流沟flashe groove非晶性樹脂ひけっしょうじゅし非结晶性树脂non－crystalling polymerフィレットふぃれっとじゅし圆填角料filletプラスチックぷらすちっく塑料plasticesフランジふらんじ凸縁flangeぺレットぺれっと晶片、小片pellet保圧時間ほあつじかん保圧時間dwelling timeボスぼす凸台boss補強リブほきょうりぶ防挠肋、加強肋stiffening ribメルトフローインデックスめるとふろーいんでっくす熔体流動指数melt flow index 予備加熱よびかねつ預熱preheat予備乾燥よびかんそう預乾燥predry離型脱模mold release離型剤脱模剤mold release agent離型抵抗脱模阻抗mold release resistanceリブりぶ肋rib 流速りゅうそく流速current speed流動条件りょうどうじょうけん流动条件fluid condition流動抵抗りょうどうていこう流动阻抗fluid resistance流動配向りゅうどうはいこう流动取向fluid flow orientationローレットろーれっと滚花加工roulete成 形 不 良（成 形 不 良、molding defective）あばたあばた陥坑、粗糙crater，pit泡（あわ）あわ暗泡、空泡、气泡bubble糸ひきいとひき蜘网筒子stringness色ムラいろむら色相、着色color shadingウエルドマークうえるどまーく熔合痕weld markウエルドラインうえるどらいん熔合纹weld lineかじりかじり咬、咬住、卡住scufing，galling過剰充填かじょうじゅうちん过充填over packing型くずれ、ぐいちかたくずれ、ぐいち错箱、合模错位、模具変移miss matching型ずれかたずれ错箱、错位、偏芯mold shift片減りかたへり偏向毁（磨）損swaying defacement型きずかたきず磨損、模型仿損mold mark気泡きほう气泡bubble亀裂（クラック）（きれつ）龟裂crack銀条ぎんじょう银丝纹、银线、丝线silver streakくもりくもり雾状hazeクレーターくれーたー陥坑craterゲートマークげーとまーく浇口痕迸gate mark光沢こうたく光泽gloss黒条黑条线black streak，brown streakコールドスラグこうーるどすらぐ冷块cold slugコールドフローこうーるどふろー冷形変cold flow。
模具注射成型中英文对照外文翻译文献
中英文对照资料外文翻译Injection MoldingThe basic concept of injection molding revolves around the ability of a thermoplastic material to be softened by heat and to harden when cooled .In most operations ,granular material (the plastic resin) is fed into one end of the cylinder (usually through a feeding device known as a hopper ),heated, and softened(plasticized or plasticated),forced out the other end of the cylinder,while it is still in the form of a melt,through a nozzle into a relatively cool mold held closed under pressure.Here,the melt cools and hardens until fully set-up.The mold is then opened,the piece ejected,and the sequence repeated.Thus,the significant elements of an injection molding machine become :1)the way in which the melt is plasticized (softened) and forced into the mold (called the injection unit);2)the system for opening the mold and closing it under pressure (called the clamping unit);3)the type of mold used;4)themachine controls.The part of an injection-molding machine,which converts a plastic material from a sold phase to homogeneous seni-liguid phase by raising its temperature .This unit maintains the material at a present temperature and force it through the injection unit nozzle into a mold .The plunger is a combination of the injection and plasticizing device in which a heating chamber is mounted between the plunger and mold. This chamber heats the plastic material by conduction .The plunger,on each storke; pushes unmelted plastic material into the chamber ,which in turn forces plastic melt at the front of the chamber out through the nozzleThe part of an injection molding machine in which the mold is mounted,and which provides the motion and force to open and close the mold and to hold the mold close with force during injection .This unit can also provide other features necessary for the effective functioning of the molding operation .Moving plate is the member of the clamping unit,which is moved toward a stationary member.the moving section of the mold is bolted to this moving plate .This member usually includes the ejector holes and moldmounting pattern of blot holes or “T”slots .Stationary plate is the fixed member of the clamping uniton which the stationary section of the mold is bolted .This member usually includes a mold-mounting pattern of boles or “T” slots.Tie rods are member of the clamping force actuating mechanism that serve as the tension member of the clamp when it is holding the mold closed.They also serve as a gutde member for the movable plate .Ejector is a provision in the clamping unit that actuates a mechanism within the mold to eject the molded part(s) from the mold .The ejection actuating force may be applied hydraulically or pneumatically by a cylinder(s) attached to the moving plate ,or mechanically by the opening storke of the moving plate.Methods of melting and injecting the plastic differ from one machine to another and are constantly being improred .couventional machines use a cylinder and piston to do both jobs .This method simplifies machine construction but makes control of injection temperatures and pressures an inherently difficult problem .Other machines use a plastcating extruder to melt the plastic and piston to inject it while some hare been designed to use a screw for both jobs :Nowadays,sixty percent of the machines use a reciprocating screw,35% a plunger (concentrated in the smaller machine size),and 5%a screw pot. Many of the problems connected with in jection molding arisesbecause the densities of polymers change so markedly with temperature and pressure.Athigh temperatures,the density of a polymer is considerably cower than at room temperature,provided the pressure is the same.Therefore,if modls were filled at atmospheric pressure, “shrinkage”would make the molding deviate form the shape of the mold.To compensate for this poor effect, molds are filled at high pressure.The pressure compresses the polymer and allows more materials to flow into the mold,shrinkage is reduced and better quality moldings are produced.Cludes a mold-mounting pattern of bolt holes or “T”slots.Tie rods are members of the clamping force actuating machanism that serve as the tension members of clamp when it is holding the mold closed.Ejector is a provision in the claming unit that actuates a mechanism within the mold to eject themolded part(s) form the mold.The ejection actuating force may be applied hydraulically or pneumatically by a cylinder(s) attached to the moving plate,or mechanically by the opening stroke of the moving plate.The function of a mold is twofold :imparting the desired shape to the plasticized polymer and cooling the injection molded part.It is basically made up of two sets of components :the cavities and cores and the base in which the cavities and coresare mounted. The mold ,which contains one or more cavities,consists of two basic parts :(1) a stationary molds half one the side where the plastic is injected,(2)Amoving half on the closing or ejector side of the machine. The separation between the two mold halves is called the parting line.In some cases the cavity is partly in the stationary and partly in the moving section.The size and weight of the molded parts limit the number of cavities in the mold and also determine the machinery capacity required.The mold components and their functions are as following :(1)Mold Base-Hold cavity(cavities) in fixed ,correctposition relative to machine nozzle .(2)Guide Pins-Maintain Proper alignment of entry into moldintrior .(3)Sprue Bushing(sprue)-Provide means of entry into moldinterior .(4)Runners-Conrey molten plastic from sprue to cavities .(5)Gates-Control flow into cavities.(6)Cavity(female) and Force(male)-Contorl the size,shapeand surface of mold article.(7)Water Channels-Control the temperature of mold surfacesto chill plastic to rigid state.(8)Side (actuated by came,gears or hydrauliccylinders)-Form side holes,slots,undercuts and threaded sections.(9)Vent-Allow the escape of trapped air and gas.(10)Ejector Mechanism (pins,blades,stripper plate)-Ejectrigid molded article form cavity or force.(11)Ejector Return Pins-Return ejector pins to retractedposition as mold closes for next cycle.The distance between the outer cavities and the primary sprue must not be so long that the molten plastic loses too much heat in the runner to fill the outer cavities properly.The cavities should be so arranged around the primary sprue that each receives its full and equal share of the total pressure available,through its own runner system(or the so-called balanced runner system).The requires the shortest possible distance between cavities and primary sprue,equal runner and gate dimension,and uniform colling.注射成型注射成型的基本概念是使热塑性材料在受热时熔融，冷却时硬化，在大部分加工中，粒状材料（即塑料树脂）从料筒的一端（通常通过一个叫做“料斗”的进料装置）送进，受热并熔融（即塑化或增塑），然后当材料还是溶体时，通过一个喷嘴从料筒的另一端挤到一个相对较冷的压和封闭的模子里。
模具毕业设计英译汉(Injection_molding)
Injection moldingInjection molding (British English: moulding) is a manufacturing process for producing parts from both thermoplastic and thermosetting plastic materials. Material is fed into a heated barrel, mixed, and forced into a mold cavity where it cools and hardens to the configuration of the mold cavity.After a product is designed, usually by an industrial designer or an engineer, molds are made by a moldmaker (or toolmaker) from metal, usually either steel or aluminum, and precision-machined to form the features of the desired part. Injection molding is widely used for manufacturing a variety of parts, from the smallest component to entire body panels of cars.ApplicationsInjection molding is used to create many things such as wire spools, packaging, bottle caps, automotive dashboards, pocket combs, and most other plastic products available today. Injection molding is the most common method of part manufacturing. It is ideal for producing high volumes of the same object.Some advantages of injection molding are high production rates, repeatable high tolerances, the ability to use a wide range of materials, low labor cost, minimal scrap losses, and little need to finish parts after molding. Some disadvantages of this process are expensive equipment investment, potentially high running costs, and the need to design moldable parts.EquipmentPaper clip mold opened in molding machine; the nozzle is visible at rightMain article: Injection molding machineInjection molding machines consist of a material hopper, an injection ram or screw-type plunger, and a heating unit. They are also known as presses, they hold the molds in which the components are shaped. Presses are rated by tonnage, which expresses the amount of clamping force that the machine can exert. This force keeps the mold closed during the injection process. Tonnage can vary from less than 5 tons to 6000 tons, with the higher figures used in comparatively few manufacturingoperations. The total clamp force needed is determined by the projected area of the part being molded. This projected area is multiplied by a clamp force of from 2 to 8 tons for each square inch of the projected areas. As a rule of thumb, 4 or 5 tons/in2 can be used for most products. If the plastic material is very stiff, it will require more injection pressure to fill the mold, thus more clamp tonnage to hold the mold closed. The required force can also be determined by the material used and the size of the part, larger parts require higher clamping force.MoldMold or die are the common terms used to describe the tooling used to produce plastic parts in molding.Since molds have been expensive to manufacture, they were usually only used in mass production where thousands of parts were being produced. Typical molds are constructed from hardened steel, pre-hardened steel, aluminum, and/or beryllium-copper alloy. The choice of material to build a mold from is primarily one of economics; in general, steel molds cost more to construct, but their longer lifespan will offset the higher initial cost over a higher number of parts made before wearing out. Pre-hardened steel molds are less wear-resistant and are used for lower volume requirements or larger components. The typical steel hardness is 38-45 on the Rockwell-C scale. Hardened steel molds are heat treated after machining. These are by far the superior in terms of wear resistance and lifespan. Typical hardness ranges between 50 and 60 Rockwell-C (HRC). Aluminum molds can cost substantially less, and, when designed and machined with modern computerized equipment, can be economical for molding tens or even hundreds of thousands of parts. Beryllium copper is used in areas of the mold that require fast heat removal or areas that see the most shear heat generated. The molds can be manufactured either by CNC machining or by using Electrical Discharge Machining processes.Mold DesignStandard two plates tooling –core and cavity are inserts in a mold base – "Family mold" of 5 different partsThe mold consists of two primary components, the injection mold (A plate) and the ejector mold (B plate). Plastic resin enters the mold through a sprue in the injection mold, the sprue bushing is to seal tightly against the nozzle of the injection barrel of the molding machine and to allow molten plastic to flow from the barrel into the mold, also known as cavity The sprue bushing directs the molten plastic to the cavity images through channels that are machined into the faces of the A and B plates. These channels allow plastic to run along them, so they are referred to as runners.The molten plastic flows through the runner and enters one or more specialized gates and into the cavity geometry to form the desired part.The amount of resin required to fill the sprue, runner and cavities of a mold is a shot. Trapped air in the mold can escape through air vents that are ground into the parting line of the mold. If the trapped air is not allowed to escape, it is compressed by the pressure of the incoming material and is squeezed into the corners of the cavity, where it prevents filling and causes other defects as well. The air can become so compressed that it ignites and burns the surrounding plastic material. To allow for removal of the molded part from the mold, the mold features must not overhang one another in the direction that the mold opens, unless parts of the mold are designed to move from between such overhangs when the mold opens (utilizing components called Lifters).Sides of the part that appear parallel with the direction of draw (The axis of the cored position (hole) or insert is parallel to the up and down movement of the mold as it opens and closes)are typically angled slightly with (draft) to ease release of the part from the mold. Insufficient draft can cause deformation or damage. The draft required for mold release is primarily dependent on the depth of the cavity: the deeper the cavity, the more draft necessary. Shrinkage must also be taken into account when determining the draft required.If the skin is too thin, then the molded part will tend to shrink onto the cores that form them while cooling, and cling to those cores or part may warp, twist, blister or crack when the cavity is pulled away. The mold is usually designed so that the moldedpart reliably remains on the ejector (B) side of the mold when it opens, and draws the runner and the sprue out of the (A) side along with the parts. The part then falls freely when ejected from the (B) side. Tunnel gates, also known as submarine or mold gate, is located below the parting line or mold surface. The opening is machined into the surface of the mold on the parting line. The molded part is cut (by the mold) from the runner system on ejection from the mold. Ejector pins, also known as knockout pin, is a circular pin placed in either half of the mold (usually the ejector half), which pushes the finished molded product, or runner system out of a mold.The standard method of cooling is passing a coolant (usually water) through a series of holes drilled through the mold plates and connected by hoses to form a continueous pathway. The coolant absorbs heat from the mold (which has absorbed heat from the hot plastic) and keeps the mold at a proper temperature to solidify the plastic at the most efficient rate.To ease maintenance and venting, cavities and cores are divided into pieces, called inserts, and sub-assemblies, also called inserts, blocks, or chase blocks. By substituting interchangeable inserts, one mold may make several variations of the same part.More complex parts are formed using more complex molds. These may have sections called slides, that move into a cavity perpendicular to the draw direction, to form overhanging part features. When the mold is opened, the slides are pulled away from the plastic part by using st ationary “angle pins” on the stationary mold half. These pins enter a slot in the slides and cause the slides to move backward when the moving half of the mold opens. The part is then ejected and the mold closes. The closing action of the mold causes the slides to move forward along the angle pins.Some molds allow previously molded parts to be reinserted to allow a new plastic layer to form around the first part. This is often referred to as overmolding. This system can allow for production of one-piece tires and wheels.2-shot or multi-shot molds are designed to "overmold" within a single molding cycle and must be processed onspecialized injection molding machines with two or more injection units. This process is actually an injection molding process performed twice. In the first step, the base color material is molded into a basic shape. Then the second material is injection-molded into the remaining open spaces. That space is then filled during the second injection step with a material of a different color.A mold can produce several copies of the same parts in a single "shot". The number of "impressions" in the mold of that part is often incorrectly referred to as cavitation. A tool with one impression will often be called a single impression(cavity) mold.A mold with 2 or more cavities of the same parts will likely be referred to as multiple impression (cavity) mold.Some extremely high production volume molds (like those for bottle caps) can have over 128 cavities.In some cases multiple cavity tooling will mold a series of different parts in the same tool. Some toolmakers call these molds family molds as all the parts are related.Effects on the material propertiesThe mechanical properties of a part are usually little affected. Some parts can have internal stresses in them. This is one of the reasons why it's good to have uniform wall thickness when molding. One of the physical property changes is shrinkage. A permanent chemical property change is the material thermoset, which can't be remelted to be injected again.Tool MaterialsTool steel or beryllium-copper are often used. Mild steel, aluminum, nickel or epoxy are suitable only for prototype or very short production runs.Modern hard aluminum (7075 and 2024 alloys) with proper mold design, can easily make molds capable of 100,000 or more part life.Geometrical PossibilitiesThe most commonly used plastic molding process, injection molding, is used to create a large variety of products with different shapes and sizes. Most importantly, they can create products with complex geometry that many other processes cannot. There are a few precautions when designing something that willbe made using this process to reduce the risk of weak spots. First, streamline your product or keep the thickness relatively uniform. Second, try and keep your product between 2 to20 inches.The size of a part will depend on a number of factors (material, wall thickness, shape,process etc.). The initial raw material required may be measured in the form of granules, pellets or powders. Here are some ranges of the sizes.MachiningMolds are built through two main methods: standard machining and EDM. Standard Machining, in its conventional form, has historically been the method of building injection molds. With technological development, CNC machining became the predominant means of making more complex molds with more accurate mold details in less time than traditional methods.The electrical discharge machining (EDM) or spark erosion process has become widely used in mold making. As well as allowing the formation of shapes that are difficult to machine, the process allows pre-hardened molds to be shaped so that no heat treatment is required. Changes to a hardened mold by conventional drilling and milling normally require annealing to soften the mold, followed by heat treatment to harden it again. EDM is a simple process in which a shaped electrode, usually made of copper or graphite, is very slowly lowered onto the mold surface (over a period of many hours), which is immersed in paraffin oil. A voltage applied between tool and mold causes spark erosion of the mold surface in the inverse shape of the electrode.CostThe cost of manufacturing molds depends on a very large set of factors ranging from number of cavities, size of the parts (and therefore the mold), complexity of the pieces, expected tool longevity, surface finishes and many others. The initial cost is great, however the piece part cost is low, so with greater quantities the overall price decreases.Injection processSmall injection molder showing hopper, nozzle and die areaWith Injection Molding, granular plastic is fed by gravity from a hopper into a heated barrel. As the granules are slowly moved forward by a screw-type plunger, the plastic is forced into a heated chamber, where it is melted. As the plunger advances, the melted plastic is forced through a nozzle that rests against the mold, allowing it to enter the mold cavity through a gate and runner system. The mold remains cold so the plastic solidifies almost as soon as the mold is filled.Injection Molding CycleThe sequence of events during the injection mold of a plastic part is called the injection molding cycle. The cycle begins when the mold closes, followed by the injection of the polymer into the mold cavity. Once the cavity is filled, a holding pressure is maintained to compensate for material shrinkage. In the next step, the screw turns, feeding the next shot to the front screw.This causes the screw to retract as the next shot is prepared. Once the part is sufficiently cool, the mold opens and the part is ejected.Molding trialWhen filling a new or unfamiliar mold for the first time, where shot size for that mold is unknown, a technician/tool setter usually starts with a small shot weight and fills gradually until the mold is 95 to 99% full. Once this is achieved a small amount of holding pressure will be applied and holding time increased until gate freeze off (solidification time) has occurred. Gate solidification time is an important as it determines cycle time, which itself is an important issue in the economics of the production process. Holding pressure is increased until the parts are free of sinks and part weight has been achieved. Once the parts are good enough and have passed any specific criteria, a setting sheet is produced for people to follow in the future. The method to setup an unknown mold the first time can be supported by installing cavity pressure sensors. Measuring the cavity pressure as a function of time can provide a good indication of the filling profile of the cavity. Once the equipment is set to successfully create the molded part, modern monitoring systems can save a reference curve of the cavity pressure. With that it is possible toreproduce the same part quality on another molding machine within a short setup time.Tolerances and SurfacesMolding tolerance is a specified allowance on the deviation in parameters such as dimensions, weights, shapes, or angles, etc. To maximize control in setting tolerances there is usually a minimum and maximum limit on thickness, based on the process used.Injection molding typically is capable of tolerances equivalent to an IT Grade of about 9–14. The possible tolerance of a thermoplastic or a thermoset is ±0.008 to ±0.002 inches. Surface finishes of two to four microinches or better are can be obtained. Rough or pebbled surfaces are also possible.Lubrication and CoolingObviously, the mold must be cooled in order for the production to take place. Because of the heat capacity, inexpensiveness, and availability of water, water is used as the primary cooling agent. To cool the mold, water can be channeled through the mold to account for quick cooling times. Usually a colder mold is more efficient because this allows for faster cycle times. However, this is not always true because crystalline materials require the opposite: a warmer mold and lengthier cycle time.InsertsMetal inserts can be also be injection molded into the workpiece. For large volume parts the inserts are placed in the mold using automated machinery. An advantage of using automated components is that the smaller size of parts allows a mobile inspection system that can be used to examine multiple parts in a decreased amount of time. In addition to mounting inspection systems on automated components, multiple axial robots are also capable of removing parts from the mold and place them in latter systems that can be used to ensure quality of multiple parameters. The ability of automated components to decrease the cycle time of the processes allows for a greater output of quality parts.Specific instances of this increased efficiency include the removal of parts from the mold immediately after the parts are created and use in conjunction with vision systems. Theremoval of parts is achieved by using robots to grip the part once it has become free from the mold after in ejector pins have been raised. The robot then moves these parts into either a holding location or directly onto an inspection system, depending on the type of product and the general layout of the rest of the manufacturer's production facility. Visions systems mounted on robots are also an advancement that has greatly changed the way that quality control is performed in insert molded parts. A mobile robot is able to more precisely determine the accuracy of the metal component and inspect more locations in the same amount of time as a human inspector.注塑成型注射制模（Injection moldin）是一种生产由热塑性塑料或热固性塑料所构成的部件的过程。
注塑模具术语molding
注塑模具术语moldingMolding is a crucial process in the manufacturing industry that involves shaping materials such as plastics, metals, and ceramics into specific shapes using molds. 注塑是制造业中至关重要的过程，它涉及使用模具将塑料、金属和陶瓷等材料塑造成特定形状。
In the field of injection molding, a molten material is injected into a mold cavity under high pressure, where it cools and solidifies to form the desired part. 在注塑领域，熔融材料在高压下被注入模具腔中，通过冷却和凝固形成所需的零件。
The process of injection molding can be complex, requiring careful consideration of factors such as material selection, mold design, injection speed, and cooling time. 注塑过程可能会很复杂，需要仔细考虑诸如材料选择、模具设计、注射速度和冷却时间等因素。
Molding terminology is an essential aspect of understanding the injection molding process, as it involves a variety of technical terms and concepts that are used to describe different aspects of theprocess. 注塑术语是理解注塑过程的重要方面，因为它涉及描述过程不同方面的各种技术术语和概念。
Injection Molding Tooling Terminology 模具术语中英对照
angle pin. finger cam(-:-) 斜销angled-lift. splits(-:-) 斜滑块backing plate. supprr plate(-:-) 支承板baffle(-:-) 隔板cartridge heater(-:-) 管式加热器cavity (of a mould)(-:-) 型腔cavity splits(-:-) 凹模拼块cavity-retainer plate(-:-) 凹模固定板chase. bolster. frame(-:-) 模套clamping force. locking force(-:-) 锁模力clog-leg cam(-:-) 弯销cold-slug well(-:-) 冷料穴compression mould(-:-) 压缩模cooling channel. cooling line(-:-) 冷却通道core splits(-:-) 型芯拼块core splits(-:-) 型芯core-pulling distance(-:-) 抽芯距core-pulling force(-:-) 油芯力core-retainer plate(-:-) 型芯固定板dejection plate. ejector plate(-:-) 推板direct gate spruce gate (-:-) 直接浇口director guide fush. ejector bushing(-:-) 推板导套disk gate(-:-) 盘形浇口draft (-:-) 脱模斜度edge gate(-:-) 侧浇口ejection force(-:-) 脱模力ejector guide pillar. ejector guide pin(-:-) 推板导柱ejector housing. mould base leg (-:-) 支架ejector pad (-:-) 推块ejector pin(-:-) 推出零件/推杆ejector pin with cylindrical head(-:-) 圆柱头推杆ejector plate return pin. push-back pin(-:-) 复位杆ejector retainer plate(-:-) 推杆固定板ejector sleeve(-:-) 推管ejector tie rod(-:-) 连接推杆fan gate (-:-) 扇形浇口feed system(-:-) 浇注系统finger guide plate(-:-) 斜槽导板fixed clamp plate, top clamping plate. top plate(-:-) 定模座板fixed compression mould (-:-) 固定式压缩模fixed transfer mould(-:-) 固定式压注模flash groove, spew groove(-:-) 排溢：溢料槽flash mould(-:-) 溢式压缩模flat ejector pin(-:-) 扁推杆force plunger, pot plunger(-:-) 柱塞gate(-:-) 浇口gating insert(-:-) 浇口镶块guide bush. guide bushing(-:-) 导套guide fush, hended. shonlder bushing(-:-) 带头导套guide fush, straight. shraighr bushing(-:-) 直导套guide pillar straight. straight leader pin(-:-) 带头导柱guide pillar. guide pin. leader pin(-:-) 导柱guide pillar. shouldered. shoulder leader pin(-:-) 带肩导柱heat pipe (-:-) 热管heating plate(-:-) 加热板heel block, wedge block (-:-) 楔紧块horingontal parting line(-:-) 水平分型面(线)hot runner mould (-:-) 热流道模impression cavity block. cavity plate(-:-) 凹模injection mould(-:-) 注射模injection mould for thermoplastics(-:-) 热塑性塑料注射模injection mould for thermoses(-:-) 热固性塑料注射模injection pressure(-:-) 注射压力inserf (for moulding)(-:-) 嵌件insulated runner mould(-:-) 绝热流道模internal mould pressure. cavity pressure(-:-) 模内压力internal mould pressure. cavity pressure(-:-) 模内压力length bolt. puller bolt(-:-) 定矩拉杆loading chamber(-:-) 加料腔loading chamber(-:-) 加料腔locating ring(-:-) 定位圈/限位零件lower clamping plate (-:-) 下模座板lower mould. lower half(-:-) 下模manifold block hot-runner manifold(-:-) 热流道板（柱）maximum daylight, open daylight (-:-) 最大开距maximum daylight, open daylight (-:-) 最大开距maximum daylight, open daylight (-:-) 最大开距mould bases (of a injection mould)(-:-) 模架(注射模) mould bases locating elements(-:-) 锥形定位件mould for plastics(-:-) 塑料成形模具mould for plastics(-:-) 塑料成形模具mould for thermoplastics(-:-) 热塑性塑料模mould for thermosets(-:-) 热固性塑料模mould insert(-:-) 镶件mould opening force(-:-) 开模力mould plate(-:-) 模板mould shut height (-:-) 闭合高度moulding pressure(-:-) 成形压力movable insert. loose detail(-:-) 活动镶件movable insert. loose detail(-:-) 活动镶件movable mould moving half(-:-) 动模moving clamp plate. bottom clamping plate. bottom plate(-:-) 动模座板parting line(-:-) 分型：分型面pin-point gate(-:-) 点浇口portable compression mould(-:-) 移动式压缩模portable transfer mould(-:-) 移动式压注模positive mould(-:-) 不溢式压缩模projected area(-:-) 投影面积projected area(-:-) 投影面积puller plate. limit plate(-:-) 定矩拉板punch force(-:-) 凸模punch-retainer plate(-:-) 凸模固定板ring gate(-:-) 环形浇口runner(-:-) 分流道runner plate(-:-) 流道板runner puller. runner lock pin(-:-) 分流道拉料杆runner stripper plate(-:-) 推流道板runnerless mould(-:-) 无浇道模secondary nozzle(-:-) 二级喷嘴semi-positive mould(-:-) 半溢式压缩模shot capacity(-:-) 注射能力shot capacity(-:-) 注射能力shouldered ejector pin(-:-) 带肩推杆shrinkage(-:-) 收缩率side core. slide core(-:-) 侧型芯slide glide strip(-:-) 滑块导板slide. cam slide(-:-) 滑块slide. core-slide(-:-) 侧型芯滑块spacer parallel(-:-) 垫块splits (of a mould)(-:-) 拼块spoke gate spider gate(-:-) 轮辐浇口spreader(-:-) 分流锥spruce (-:-) 主流道sprue bush sprue busing(-:-) 浇口套sprue puller(-:-) 拉料杆sprue puller, ball headed(-:-) 球头拉料杆sprue puller, z-shaper(-:-) 钩形拉料杆sprue puller. conical headed(-:-) 圆锥头拉料杆sprue puller. conical headed(-:-) 圆锥头拉料杆standard mould bases(-:-) 标准模架standard mould bases(-:-) 标准模架standard mould bases(-:-) 标准模架stationary mould fixed half(-:-) 定模stop flock, stop pad(-:-) 限位块stop pin. stop button(-:-) 限位钉stripper distance(-:-) 脱模距stripper distance(-:-) 脱模距stripper plate(-:-) 推件板stripper ring. strpper disk(-:-) 推件环/盘submarine gate tunnel gate(-:-) 潜伏浇口support pillar(-:-) 支承柱ta be gate(-:-) 护耳浇口thermal insulation board(-:-) 隔热板thermal insulation board(-:-) 隔热板thread plug, threaded core(-:-) 螺纹型芯thread ring. threaded cavity(-:-) 螺纹型环torpedo body assembly(-:-) 鱼雷形组合体transfer mould(-:-) 压注模、传递模upper clamping plate(-:-) 上模座板upper mould, upper half(-:-) 上模valve gate(-:-) 阀式浇口venf (of a mould)(-:-) 排气槽（孔）vertical parting line(-:-) 垂直分型面(线) warm runner mould(-:-) 温流道模warm runner plate(-:-) 温流道板。
注射模具的介绍外文翻译、中英文翻译、外文文献翻译
The introdution of the Injection Mold1. Mold basic knowledge1.1 IntroductionThere is a close relationship with all kinds of mold,which are refered to our daily production, and life in the use of the various tools and products, the large base of the machine tool, the body shell, the first embryo to a small screws, buttons, as well as various home appliances shell. Mold’s shape determine the shape of these products, mold’s precision and machining quality determine the quality of these products,too. Because of a variety of products, appearance, specifications and the different uses,mold devide into Die Casting into the mould, die forging, die-casting mould, Die, and so on other non - plastic molds, as well as plastic mold. In recent years, with the rapid development of the plastics industry, and GM and engineering plastics in areas such as strength and accuracy of the continuous enhancement , the scope of the application of plastic products have also constantly expanded, such as: household appliances, instrumentation, construction equipment, automotive, daily hardware, and many other fields, the proportion of plastic products is rapidly increasing. A rational design of plastic parts often can replace much more traditional metal pieces. The trend of industrial products and daily products plasticed is rising day after day.1.2 Mold general definitionIn the industrial production，with the various press and the special instruments which installed in the press,it produces the required shape parts or products through pressure on the metal or non-metallic materials, this special instruments collectively call as the mold.1.3 Mold general classificationMold can be divided into plastic and non - plastic mould: (1) Non-plastic mould: Die Casting, forging Die, Die, die-casting mould and so on. A. Die Casting - taps, pig iron platformB. Forging Die - car body C. Die - computer panel D. Die Casting Die - superalloy, cylinder body (2) For the production technology and production, the plastic mold are divided into different products: A. Injection molding die - TV casing, keyboard button (the most common application) B. Inflatable module - drink bottles C. Compression molding die - bakeliteswitches, scientific Ciwan dish D. Transfer molding die - IC products E. Extrusion die - of glue, plastic bags F. Hot forming die - transparent shell molding packaging G. Rotomoulding mode - Flexible toy doll. Injection Molding is the most popurlar method in plastics producing process. The method can be applied to all parts of thermoplastic and some of thermosetting plastics, the quantity of plastic production is much more than any other forming method.Injection mold as one of the main toolsof injection molding processing,whosh production efficiency is low or high in the quality of precision、manufacturing cycle and the process of injection molding and so on,directly affect the quality of products, production, cost and product updates, at the same time it also determines the competitiveness of enterprises in the market's response capacity and speed. Injection Mold consists of a number of plate which mass with the various component parts. It divided into: A molding device (Die, punch)B positioning system (I. column I. sets) C fixtures (the word board, code-pit) D cooling system (carrying water hole) E thermostat system (heating tubes, the hotline) F-Road System (jack Tsui hole, flow slot, streaming Road Hole) G ejection system (Dingzhen, top stick).1.4 Type of moldIt can be divided into three categories according to gating system with the different type of mold :(1) intake die: Runner and gate at the partig line,it will strip together with products when in the open mode,it is the most simple of design, easy processing and lower costing.So more people operations by using large intake system. (2) small inlet die:It general stay in the products directly,but runner and gate are not at the partig line.Therefore,it should be design a multi-outlet parting line.And then it is more complex in the designing, more difficult in processing, generally chosing the small inlet die is depending on the product’s requirements. (3) hot runner die:It consists of heat gate, heat runner plate, temperature control box. Hot runner molds are two plate molds with a heated runner system inside one half of the mold. A hot runner system is divided into two parts: the manifold and the drops. The manifold has channels that convey the plastic on a single plane, parallel to the parting line, to a point above the cavity. The drops, situated perpendicular to the manifold, convey the plastic from the manifold to the part. The advantages of hot runner system ：(1)No outlet expected, no need processing, the whole process fully automated, save time and enhance the efficiency of the work. (2) small pressure loss.2、Injection MoldThere are many rules for designing molds.These rules and standard practices are based on logic,past experience,convenience,and economy.For designing,mold making,and molding,it is usually of advantage to follow the rules.But occasionally,it may work out better if a rule is ignored and an alternative way is selected.In some texts,the most common rules are noted,but the designer will learn only from experience which way to go.The designer must ever be open to new ideas and methods,to new molding and mold material that may affect these rules.The process consists of feeding a plastic compound in powdered or granular form from a hopper through metering and melting stages and then injecting it into a mold.Injection molding process: Mold is a production of plastic tool. It consists of several parts and this group contains forming cavities. When it injects molding, mold clamping in the injection molding machine, melting plastic is Injected forming cavities and cooling stereotypes in it, then it separate upper and lower die,it will push the production from the cavity in order to leave the mold through ejection system, finally mold close again and prepared the next injection. The entire process of injection is carried out of the cycle.An injection mold consists of at least two halves that are fastened to the two platens of the injection molding machine so that can be opened and closed.In the closed position,the product-forming surfaces of the two mold halves define the mold cavity into which the plastic melt is injected via the runner system and the gate.Cooling provisions in the mold provide for cooling and solidification of the molded product so that it can be subsequently ejected.For product ejection to occur,the mold must open.The shape of the molded product determines whether it can be ejected simply by opening the two mold halves or whether undercuts must be present.The design of a mold is dictated primarily by the shape of the product to be molded and the provisions necessary for product ejection.Injection-molded products can be classified as:1).Products without undercuts.2).products with external undercuts of lateral openings.3).products with internal undercuts.4).products with external and internal undercuts.3.The composition of injection mold3.1 Mold Cavity SpaceThe mold cavity space is a shape inside the mold,when the molding material is forced into this space it will take on the shape of the cavity space.In injection molding the plastic is injected into the cavity space with high pressure,so the mold must be strong enough to resist the injection pressure without deforming.3.2 Number of CavitiesMany molds,particularly molds for larger products,ate built for only 1 cavity space,but many molds,especially large production molds,are built with 2 or more cavities.The reason for this is purely economical.It takes only little more time to inject several cavities than to inject one.Today,most multicavity molds are built with a preferred number ofcavities:2,4,6,8,12,16,24,32,48,64,96,128.These numbers are selected because the cavities can be easily arranged in a rectangular pattern,which is easier for designing and dimensioning,for manufacturing,and for symmetry around the center of the machine ,which is highly desirable to ensure equal clamping force for each cavity.3.3 Cavity and CoreBy convention,the hollow portion of the cavity space is called the cavity.The matching,often raised portion of the cavity space is called the core.Most plastic products are cup-shaped.This does not mean that they look like a cup,but they do have an inside and an outside.The outside of the product is formed by the cavity, the inside by the ually,the cavities are placed in the mold half that is mounted on the injection side,while the cores are placed in the moving half of the mold.The reason for this is that all injection molding machines provide an ejection mechanism on the moving platen and the products tend to shrink onto and cling to the core,from where they are then ejected.Most injection molding machines do not provide ejection mechanisms on the injection side.For moulds containing intricate impressions,and for multi-impression moulds, it is not satisfactory to attempt to machine the cavity and core plates from single blocks of steel as with integer moulds. The cavity and core give the molding its external and internal shapes respectively, the impression imparting the whole of the form to the molding.3.4 The Parting LineTo be able to produce a mold,we must have ta least two separate mold halves,with the cavity in one side and the core in the other.The separation between these plates is called the parting line,and designated P/L.Actually,this is a parting area or plane,but,by cinvention,in this intext it is referred to as a line. The parting surfaces of a mould are those portion of both mould plates, adjacent to the impressions, which butt together to form a seal and prevent the loss of plastic material from the impression.The parting line can have any shape, many moldings are required which have a parting line which lies on a non-planar or curved surface,but for ease of mold manufacturing,it is preferable to have it in one plane.The parting line is always at the widest circumference of the product,to make ejection of the product from the mold possible.With some shapes it may be necessary to offset the P/L,or to have it at an angle,but in any event it is best to have is so that itan be easily machined,and often ground, to ensure that it shuts off tightly when the mold is clamped during injection.If the parting line is poorly finished the plastic will escape,which shows up on the product as an unsightly sharp projection,which must then be removed;otherwise,the product could be unusable.There is even a danger that the plastic could squirt out of the mold and do personal danger.3.5 Runners and GatesNow,we must add provisions for bringing the plastic into these cavity spaces.This must be done with enough pressure so that the cavity spaces are filled completely before the plastic "freezes"(that is,cools so much that the plastic cannot flow anymore).The flow passages are the sprue,from wherethe machine nozzle contactss the mold,the runners,which distribute the plastic to the individual cavities, the wall of the runner channel must be smooth to prevent any restriction to flow. Also, as the runner has to be removed with the molding, there must be no machine marks left which would tend to retain the runner in the mould plate.And the gates which are small openings leading from the runner into the cavity space. The gate is a channel or orifice connecting the runner with the impression. It has a small cross-sectional area when compared with the rest of the feed system. The gate freezes soon after the impression is filled so that the injection plunger can be withdrawn without the probability of void being created in the molding by suck-back.4. The injection molding machine processInjection Mold is installed in the injection molding machine, and its injection molding process is completed by the injection molding machine. Following is the injection molding machine process.The molding machine uses a vacuum to move the plastic from the dryer to it's initial holding chamber. This chamber is actually a small hopper on the back of the "barrel" of the machine。
注塑工艺的英文(3篇)
第1篇IntroductionInjection molding is a widely used manufacturing process for producing parts and products from various materials, including plastics, metals, and ceramics. This process involves injecting molten material into a mold cavity, where it solidifies to form the desired shape. The injection molding process is highly efficient, cost-effective, and versatile, making it suitable for a wide range of applications in various industries. This article will provide a comprehensive guide to the injection molding process, covering its history, types, materials, equipment, steps, and applications.HistoryThe injection molding process was invented in the late 19th century by John Bean, an American inventor. Initially, the process was used to produce rubber products. However, in the early 20th century, it was adapted for producing plastic products. Since then, the process has evolved significantly, with numerous advancements in materials, equipment, and techniques.Types of Injection MoldingThere are several types of injection molding processes, each with its unique characteristics and applications:1. Hot runner injection molding: This process uses a hot runner system, which keeps the mold cavity filled with molten material, reducing cycle time and material waste.2. Cold runner injection molding: In this process, the mold cavity is filled with molten material, and the excess material is cooled and removed from the mold. This process is less expensive than hot runner molding but may result in higher material waste.3. Two-shot injection molding: This process involves injecting two different materials into the mold cavity simultaneously, allowing for the production of complex parts with multiple materials.4. Insert molding: This process involves injecting molten material around a pre-inserted insert, such as a metal or plastic part, to form a complete part.5. Gas-assisted injection molding: This process uses compressed gas to assist in the injection of molten material, reducing material shrinkage and warping.MaterialsThe injection molding process can be used with a wide range of materials, including:1. Thermoplastics: These materials can be melted and re-melted, making them suitable for recycling. Common thermoplastics include polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polycarbonate (PC).2. Thermosets: These materials cannot be re-melted and are used for applications requiring high strength and rigidity. Common thermosets include epoxy, phenolic, and melamine.3. Rubber: This material is used for applications requiring flexibility and resilience, such as seals and gaskets.EquipmentThe injection molding process requires several key pieces of equipment:1. Injection molding machine: This machine injects molten material into the mold cavity. It consists of a clamping unit, an injection unit, anda hydraulic or electric power unit.2. Mold: The mold is the tool that shapes the molten material into the desired shape. It consists of a cavity and a core, which are separatedto allow the material to be injected and then re-united to form the part.3. Conveying system: This system transports the finished parts from the mold to the next stage of the production process.Steps of the Injection Molding ProcessThe injection molding process involves several steps:1. Preparation: The mold is cleaned and prepared for the injection process. The material is weighed and fed into the injection molding machine.2. Injection: The molten material is injected into the mold cavity at high pressure and temperature. The injection speed and pressure are adjusted to achieve the desired part quality.3. Cooling: The molten material is cooled and solidified in the mold cavity. The cooling time depends on the material and part thickness.4. Ejection: The solidified part is ejected from the mold using an ejection system. The part is then inspected for defects.5. Finishing: The finished part may require additional processing, such as trimming, cleaning, or surface treatment.ApplicationsThe injection molding process is used in various industries to produce a wide range of products, including:1. Automotive: Parts such as dashboards, fenders, and interior trim components are produced using injection molding.2. Electronics: Enclosures, connectors, and other components are produced using injection molding.3. Consumer goods: Items such as toys, appliances, and packaging are produced using injection molding.4. Medical devices: Injection molding is used to produce a wide range of medical devices, including syringes, catheters, and prosthetics.ConclusionThe injection molding process is a versatile and efficient manufacturing technique used to produce a wide range of products. Understanding the process, materials, and equipment is crucial for achieving high-quality parts. By following the steps of the process and selecting theappropriate materials and equipment, manufacturers can produce cost-effective and high-performance parts for various applications.第2篇Introduction:Injection molding is a widely used manufacturing process that involves the injection of molten material into a mold, which then cools and solidifies to create a complex three-dimensional shape. This technique is extensively employed in the production of a wide range of products, including automotive parts, consumer goods, medical devices, and electrical components. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the injection molding process, its principles, equipment, and applications.1. Basic Principles of Injection MoldingThe injection molding process can be broken down into several key steps:1.1. Melting: The material, typically plastic pellets, is fed into an injection molding machine's hopper. The pellets are then heated and melted in the machine's heating section.1.2. Injection: The melted material is forced into the mold cavity under high pressure using a reciprocating screw or a ram. The mold cavity is the negative of the desired product shape.1.3. Cooling: Once the molten material enters the mold cavity, it starts to cool and solidify. Cooling channels are incorporated into the mold to expedite the cooling process.1.4. Ejection: Once the material has solidified, it is ejected from the mold using a mechanical device such as a rod or a plate. The mold then opens, and the newly formed part is released.1.5. Unloading: The finished part is then unloaded from the mold and transferred to a conveyor or a collection area.2. Types of Injection Molding MachinesThere are several types of injection molding machines, each with its own design and characteristics:2.1. Plunger-Driven Machines: These machines use a reciprocating plunger to inject the molten material into the mold. They are suitable for high-viscosity materials and can achieve high injection pressures.2.2. Screw-Driven Machines: These machines use a rotating screw to transport the molten material into the mold. They are more energy-efficient and can handle a wider range of materials, including high-viscosity resins.2.3. All-Electric Machines: These machines are powered by electricity and offer greater precision, faster cycle times, and lower energy consumption. They are ideal for producing small, high-precision parts.3. Mold Design and ConstructionA well-designed mold is crucial for the success of the injection molding process. The mold consists of several key components:3.1. Cavity: The cavity is the negative of the product shape and is where the molten material solidifies. It is typically made of high-strength steel or aluminum.3.2. Core and cavity: The core and cavity are two halves of the moldthat come together to form the cavity. They are designed to create the desired product shape.3.3. Cooling channels: These channels are incorporated into the mold to facilitate the cooling of the molten material. Properly designed cooling channels can significantly reduce cycle times.3.4. Ejection system: The ejection system is responsible for removing the finished part from the mold. It typically consists of pins, rods, or plates.4. Materials Used in Injection MoldingA wide variety of materials can be used in injection molding, including:4.1. Thermoplastics: These materials melt when heated and solidify when cooled. They can be easily re-melted and re-molded, making them highly versatile. Common thermoplastics include polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polystyrene (PS).4.2. Thermosets: These materials undergo a chemical reaction that permanently cures when heated. They cannot be re-melted and re-molded, making them suitable for applications requiring high strength and stability. Common thermosets include epoxies, polyesters, and phenolics.4.3. Composites: These materials combine the properties of two or more different materials, such as fibers, fillers, and resins. They offer improved mechanical properties and can be tailored to meet specific application requirements.5. Applications of Injection MoldingInjection molding is used in the production of a vast array of products, including:5.1. Automotive parts: Injection molding is used to produce a wide range of automotive parts, such as bumpers, dashboards, and interior trim components.5.2. Consumer goods: The process is used to manufacture various consumer products, including toys, kitchenware, and electrical appliances.5.3. Medical devices: Injection molding is used to produce medical devices, such as catheters, syringes, and prosthetics.5.4. Electrical components: The process is employed to produceelectrical components, such as connectors, switches, and transformers.Conclusion:Injection molding is a versatile and efficient manufacturing processthat is widely used across various industries. Understanding the basic principles, equipment, materials, and applications of injection molding can help manufacturers optimize their production processes and create high-quality products. By continually improving mold design, materialselection, and process parameters, injection molding can continue to be a reliable and cost-effective solution for the production of complex three-dimensional shapes.第3篇IntroductionInjection molding is a widely used manufacturing process in the plastics industry, which is essential for producing a wide range of plastic products. The process involves the injection of molten plastic material into a mold, where it cools and solidifies to form the desired shape. This article provides an overview of the injection molding process, including its principles, equipment, materials, and applications.Principles of Injection MoldingThe injection molding process consists of the following basic steps:1. Preparation: The first step is to prepare the mold, which is a hollow cavity that is the negative of the desired product. The mold istypically made of high-quality steel or aluminum, and it is designed to withstand the high temperatures and pressures involved in the molding process.2. Plasticizing: In this step, the plastic material is melted and plasticized using a heated barrel. The plastic material is typically in the form of pellets, which are fed into the hopper and then conveyedinto the barrel.3. Injection: Once the plastic material is melted and plasticized, it is forced into the mold cavity under high pressure using a reciprocating screw or a ram. The pressure and speed of the injection are controlled to ensure the proper filling of the mold.4. Cooling: After the plastic material has been injected into the mold, it must be cooled to a solid state. This is achieved by circulating cooling water or air around the mold.5. Ejection: Once the plastic material has solidified, it is removed from the mold using a ejection mechanism. The mold opens, and the molded part is pushed out.6. Trimming: In some cases, the molded part may require trimming to remove any excess material, such as gates, sprues, or runners.7. Finishing: The final step is to perform any necessary finishing operations, such as cutting, drilling, painting, or assembly.Equipment Used in Injection MoldingThe key equipment used in the injection molding process includes:1. Injection molding machine: This is the main piece of equipment used to inject the molten plastic into the mold. It consists of a heated barrel, a reciprocating screw or ram, and a hydraulic or electrical power unit.2. Mold: The mold is the key component that determines the shape and quality of the molded part. It is composed of two halves (the core and the cavity) that can be opened and closed to allow for the injection and ejection of the plastic material.3. Control unit: The control unit is responsible for regulating the injection molding process parameters, such as temperature, pressure, and speed.4. Material handling system: This system is used to feed the plastic material into the hopper and convey it into the barrel.5. Cooling system: The cooling system is used to cool the mold and the molded part to ensure proper solidification.Materials Used in Injection MoldingThe plastic materials used in injection molding can vary widely in terms of properties, such as melting point, strength, and flexibility. Some of the most commonly used materials include:1. Polyethylene (PE): PE is a versatile material with good chemical resistance and impact strength.2. Polypropylene (PP): PP is a rigid material with excellent chemical resistance and heat resistance.3. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC): PVC is a flexible material with good chemical resistance and flame retardant properties.4. Polystyrene (PS): PS is a lightweight material with good impact strength and transparency.5. Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS): ABS is a rigid material with good impact strength, heat resistance, and electrical properties.Applications of Injection MoldingInjection molding is used to produce a wide range of plastic products, including:1. Consumer goods: Injection molding is used to produce everyday items such as bottles, toys, and kitchenware.2. Automotive parts: The process is used to produce a variety of automotive parts, such as dashboard components, door handles, and air intake manifolds.3. Electronics: Injection molding is used to produce electronic components, such as enclosures, connectors, and switches.4. Medical devices: The process is used to produce medical devices, such as syringes, catheters, and prosthetics.5. Industrial parts: Injection molding is used to produce industrial parts, such as gears, bearings, and electrical connectors.ConclusionInjection molding is a versatile and efficient manufacturing processthat is widely used in the plastics industry. The process involves the injection of molten plastic material into a mold, where it cools and solidifies to form the desired shape. The equipment, materials, andapplications of injection molding are diverse, making it a key technology in the production of a wide range of plastic products. As the demand for plastic products continues to grow, the injection molding process will remain a critical component of the plastics industry.。
Basic course injection moulding
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WITHOUT back pressure during plasticizing WITH back pressure during plasticizing
Back pressure is very important for the entire moulding process 背压在整个成型过程中起着很大作用
4 3 2 1 0
Injection Moulding
• Injection moulding with very high pressure
To keep the hot plastic inside the mould during the moulding process, It need to have a high clamping force, dependent of the element. 为了使材料处与液态高压 快速填充需设定合理的锁模力
Polypropylen - PP 聚丙烯
• • • • • • • • • • Good shock toughness 耐弯曲疲劳性 Very cheep 能经受几十万次的折迭弯曲而不损坏 Excellent chemical resistanceende，Can be decorated 耐很多有机溶剂易装饰 Poor Dimension stability 尺寸稳定性差 Soft surface 表面硬度低
注塑基本过程和概念教程
背压 旋转数
开模 速度
模具 保护
合模 速度
合模 时间
材料干燥
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INJ 成型
注塑问题的核心: 流动
不稳定流动 稳定流动
硬壳 熔体
Over Packing in this area
Pressure
Can we move this gate inside (or) delay it ??
COMMENT:
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• 设置适当大小的锁模力，保证注塑机的两块安装模板相互平行。. • 增大注塑机型号，飞边可能是由于小注塑机的锁模力不足所至。
• 增加注塑时间，降低注塑速度 • 降低料筒温度和喷嘴温度（但需要注意：熔体温度过低，反而会增
加注射压力，引起飞边）
• 降低注塑压力和保压压力和保压时间 • 减少缓冲长度，使熔体不要在料筒中过填充。
或是未能及时的进行注塑.
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案例 (欠注)
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解决方法
材料 模具设计
注塑机 工艺条件
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• 增加熔体的流动性
• 填充薄壁之前先填充厚壁，避免出现滞留现象，导致聚合物熔体过
早硬化。
• 增加浇口数量，减少流程比。 • 增加流道尺寸，减少流动阻力 • 排气口的位置设置适当，避免出现排气不良的现象. • 增加排气口的数量和尺寸
注塑机 工艺条件
• 分段注塑有利于合流痕位置的选择。
• 调整注塑速度和分段 • 调整熔体温度 • 调整热流道和热喷嘴的温度 • 顺序阀的使用 • 提高模具温度（可减轻，或者采用高温模具消除熔接痕）
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缩痕
缩痕是指制件在壁厚处出现表面下凹的现象，通常在加强筋、沉孔或 内部格网处出现。
缩痕形成的原因分析 • 注塑压力或保压压力过低 • 保压时间或冷却时间过短 • 熔体温度或模温过高 • 制件结构设计不当
塑料模专业英语
塑料模专业英语——其实世界上最美的景色就是落日与朝阳偶的小小愿望就是和你一起走过这片美丽的景色1、ejector unit顶出单元，包括一切有顶出功能的零件：ejector pin, ejector plate,ejector sleeve,ejector rod,ejector leader busher顶出导销（顶出板导杆）的衬套，也叫ejector guide bush ejector stopper,用于顶出制动的，或限位的ejector pin retaining plate:顶针固定板。
ejector guide pin:顶出导销，字面意义就是顶出时起导向作用的那个针（杆、销钉）2、dual color injection machine for Plate（sheet）-Shaped平板雙射成型機3、weldline夹纹是指熔接线4、electrode :电极5、气纹：gas mark6、Unless you are Amish, you probably come into direct contact with injection molded products constantly. Even if you are Amish, you could very well come in contact with an injection molded product, such as an armrest on a bus or train.位于宾夕法尼亚州的Amish人聚居地，维护了特别和保守的农业生活方式，因为他们与世隔绝的生活方式与陶渊明笔下的那个虚幻的世界如出一辙。
除非你是Amish人那样的原始，否则生活中不可能没有注塑产品以及与之相关的生产制造。
就算你是Amish人，你也应该会很容易的接触到类似的（人工）塑料制品,例如在一辆公共汽车或火车上的一个扶手。
7、texturing就是咬花8、ejector marks 顶白不用翻译那个白字，就是顶出在制品表面产生的一个痕迹，白色只是应力的一个表现9、飞边也叫毛边、披峰，可以说成flash也可以说成burr“皮纹”：ＴＥＸＴＵＲＥ顶出机构:ejector mechanism10、fitter:装配工，钳工，网上都用这个个人感觉，对于模具专业直接用die makeer、mold maker、tooling maker效果更好11、Some Typical ComplicationsBurned or Scorched Parts: Melt temperature may be too high. Polymer may be becoming trapped and degrading in the injection nozzle. Cycle time may be too long allowing the resin to overheat.Warpage of Parts: Uneven surface temperature of the molds. Non-uniform wall thickness of mold design.Surface Imperfections: Melt temperature may be too high causing resin decomposition and gas evolution (bubbles). Excessive moisture in the resin. Low pressure causing incomplete filling of mold.Incomplete Cavity Filling: Injection stroke may be too small for mold (ie. not enough resin is being injected). Injection speed may be too slow causing freezing before mold is filled.典型并发症：烧焦：塑料熔化温度过高。
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Basics of Injection Molding
Making polymers is a fantastic science. Then there is the matter of shaping the plastic into useful objects....another fantastic science. One of the most common methods of shaping plastic resins is a process called injection molding. Injection molding is accomplished by large machines called injection molding machines.
Resin is fed to the machine through the hopper. Colorants are usually fed to the machine directly after the hopper. The resins enter
the injection barrel by gravity though the feed throat. Upon entrance into the barrel, the resin is heated to the appropriate melting temperature.
The resin is injected into the mold by a reciprocating screw or a ram injector. The reciprocating screw apparatus is shown above. The reciprocating screw offers the advantage of being able to inject a smaller percentage of the total shot (amount of melted resin in the barrel). The ram injector must typically inject at least 20% of the total shot while a screw injector can inject as little as 5% of the total shot. Essentially, the screw injector is better suited for producing smaller parts.
The mold is the part of the machine that receives the plastic and shapes it appropriately. The mold is cooled constantly to a temperature that allows the resin to solidify and be cool to the touch. The mold plates are held together by hydraulic or mechanical force. The clamping force is defined as the injection pressure multiplied by the total cavity projected area. Typically molds are overdesigned depending on the resin to be used. Each resin has a calculated shrinkage value associated with in.
Some Typical Complications
Burned or Scorched Parts: Melt temperature may be too high. Polymer may be becoming trapped and degrading in the injection nozzle. Cycle time may be too long allowing the resin to overheat.
Warpage of Parts: Uneven surface temperature of the molds. Non-uniform wall thickness of mold design.
Surface Imperfections: Melt temperature may be too high causing resin decomposition and gas evolution (bubbles). Excessive moisture in the resin. Low pressure causing incomplete filling of mold.
Incomplete Cavity Filling: Injection stroke may be too small for mold (ie. not enough resin is being injected). Injection speed may be too slow causing freezing before mold is filled.
Diagrams courtesy of Plastics: Materials and Processing, Prentice Hall by A. Brent Strong。