新视野英语教程教案book4unit10B

Ⅰ.Leading InDiscussion:(1).Does anyone in your family smoke or drink alcohol?(2).In your opinion which is better for people’s health, cigar or alcohol? Ⅱ.Detailed Study⒈vocabulary:Disastrousadj.causing a lot of harm or damage 灾难性的[例] Chemical pollutions have had a disastrous effect on wildlife. 化学物质污染对野生生物造成了灾难性的影响。

[例] Investing in such a business proved disastrous to him. 投资那项生意对他来说是灾难性的一举。

Alcoholn. [U] drinks such as wine or beer that can make people drunk 含酒精的饮料；酒[例] The doctor told me to keep off alcohol. 医生叫我滴酒不沾。

[例] I used to drink alcohol, but I don't any more. 我曾经喝酒，但现在不喝了。

Appetiten. [C; U] a desire to have something, especially food 胃口；食欲[例] Don't eat chocolate; it will spoil your appetite for dinner. 不要吃巧克力，它会损害你正餐的食欲。

[例] The old man has a very healthy appetite. 这位老人食欲很好。

Swordn. [C] a weapon with a long sharp blade and a handle 剑；刀Invoicen. [C] a list of goods sold or services provided with the price(s) charged 发票；发货清单[例] pay an invoice支付发票[例] an invoice for the goods 发货清单Brandn. [C] a type of product made by a particular company 商标；牌子[例] a brand name 商品名称[例] What brand of shampoo do you prefer? 你喜欢哪个牌子的香波？Substancen. [C] a particular type of liquid, solid, or gas 物质[例] the same substance in different forms 相同物质的不同状态[例] Heroin is an illegal substance. 海洛因是一种违禁品。

Voltn. [C] a unit for measuring the power of an electric current 伏；伏特（电压单位）Tuben.[C] a round pipe made of rubber, glass, etc., especially for liquid or gas to go through 管子；圆管[例] a tube of shaving cream 一管剃须膏[例] I want two tubes of glue. 我要两管胶水。

Preservevt. save something or someone from being harmed or destroyed 保护；维护；保存[例] He tried to preserve a language that only a few people still spoke. 他试图保存一种只有少数人还在讲的语言。

[例] The interesting old customs should be preserved. 这些有趣的旧习俗应当保留下来。

Moisturen. [U] a small amount of water on a surface, in the air, etc. 水分；潮湿；湿汽[例] Plants use their roots to absorb moisture from the soil. 植物利用根从土壤中吸收水分。

[例] A great deal of moisture is given off. 大量水汽散发出来。

Regulatevt. control or direct an activity or process, especially by rules （以规章制度）控制；管理[例] A policeman is regulating the traffic. 一个警察在疏导交通。

[例] The activities of credit companies are regulated by law. 信贷公司的活动受法律制约。

Smugglingn. [U] the crime of taking things illegally from one country to another 走私[例] Strict measures have been taken against smuggling. 已经采取了严格的措施打击走私。

[例] They were arrested for car smuggling. 他们因走私汽车而被捕。

DiagnosticAdj. used for finding out what physical or mental problem someone has 诊断的；判断的[例] diagnostic tests/examination 诊断性试验/检查2. Text Comprehension1. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently addressed the disastrous effects of various addictions —tobacco, alcohol, and drugs —in different parts of the world.Meaning: Recently the World Health Organization started dealing with the dangerous effects of various addictions in different parts of the world, such as addictions to tobacco, alcohol, and drugs.2. Very poor people often use tobacco to put their appetite to the sword or to stop their pain.Meaning: Very poor people often use tobacco to stop their appetite for food (because they could not afford enough food) or to stop their pain.Please notice that here "put... to the sword" is used metaphorically to mean "stop" or "put... to an end".3. Invoices from stores did not paint an accurate picture of consumption levels... Meaning:Invoices from stores did not give an accurate description or estimate of how much alcohol had been consumed...4. In recent years, as well, European and American brands of alcohol have become symbols of a better lifestyle, as advertising now links alcohol with freedom and social success.Meaning:In recent years, European and American brands of alcohol have become symbols of a better lifestyle, because according to the ad, drinking alcohol of these brands means freedom and social success.5. Addiction among street childrenstreet children:children who do not have a home and who often sleep outside at street 流浪儿童；街头儿童6. These children, some as young as six, use substances like glue...Meaning: These children, some of whom are only six years old, use things like glue for drug purpose.7. Glue is cheaply available and provides a "rapid high" —like several volts of electricity through the body —when children breathe it in through a tube from a plastic bag.Meaning:Glue is cheap to buy, and it gives them an instant feeling of great excitement, like some electricity passing through the body, when children breathe in its smell through a tube from a plastic bag.8. Many have since worked long and hard with their governments to preserve their lands and unique cultures.Meaning: Many indigenous people have worked long and hard to negotiate with their governments to protect their lands and unique cultures.9. Most indigenous groups hold in common the use of natural substances for medical and religious purposes.Meaning:Most indigenous groups use natural substances for medical and religious purposes. This is what they hold in common.Please notice the position of the object of the sentence ("the use of natural substances for medical and religious purposes") is too long, so it is put at the end of the sentence in order to keep the sentence balanced.10. Yet, as global development occurs, and drug smuggling increases, alcohol and drugs are finding their ways into these communities, often with very serious consequences.Meaning:However, as global development occurs and drug smuggling increases, people are smuggling alcohol and drugs into these communities, and this often brings serious results to the communities.11. ... the children go to a diagnostic center where their physical, psychological and social problems can be studied...Meaning: ... the children go to a center to receive diagnosis and treatment. In the center, their physical, psychological and social problems can be studied...。