公开课 第三课时 虚拟语气

If I won the lottery,
I would buy a villa.（与现在事实相反） （与现在事实相反）
If he had got up early,
he would not have been late for school.（与过去事实相反） （与过去事实相反）
Leabharlann Baidu
If he __________ more carefully, he had driven _________________ would not have had the car accident yesterday.（与过去事实相反） （与过去事实相反）
2、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（
括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句） 括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用 虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire
Unit 1
Grammar
subjunctive mood
I'd rather be a sparrow than a snail . Yes I would. If I could,I surely would. I'd rather be a hammar than a nail . Yes I would.If I only could,I surely would. Away, I'd rather sail away . Like a swan that's here and gone. A man gets tied up to the ground. He gives the world. It's saddest sound, I'd rather be a forest than a street . Yes I would. If I could,I surely would. I'd rather feel the earth beneath my feet, Yes I would.If I only could,I surely would.
If I ________ how to swim, had learnt
would not have been I __________________ trapped in this island.（与过去事实相反） （与过去事实相反）
假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？ 假如他来了 我们对他说什么呢？ If he were to come, what should we say to him. 假如他看见我, 就会认识我。 假如他看见我 就会认识我。 If he should see me, he would know me.
3、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法； 、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；
1）wish ） + 宾语从句
现在： 现在： 过去： 过去： 未来： 未来：
过去时 (did/were) 过去完成时 (had done)
would/could/might+V. should
• I wish I were a bird. (现在 现在) 现在 • I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. (过去 过去) 过去 • We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us. (未来 未来) 未来
过去时 4).It’s high time +that should +V. 你该走了。
It’s high time that you went. It’s high time that you should go.
我们该睡觉了。 It’s time that we went to bed. It’s time that we should go to bed.
→
→
What would you do if you won the lottery? If I won the lottery, I would…
If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. (与现在事实相反） 与现在事实相反） 与现在事实相反
现在： 现在：过去时
2）would rather that ）
过去： 过去： 过去完成时
未来： 未来： 过去时 • I would rather you paid me now. (现在 现在) 现在 • I would rather you had gone, too. (过去) (过去 过去) • Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未来 未来) 未来
Q:What’s the difference between the two sentences? If I am free, I will visit you.(真实条件句）
If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. （虚拟条件句 虚拟条件句） 虚拟条件句
6）If only …(要是 就好了 ） 要是…就好了 要是 就好了) If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again! • 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。 If only our parents could live with us! • 要是我没错过火车就好了！ 要是我没错过火车就好了！ If only I hadn’t missed the train!
虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点： 三、 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点： 1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句 假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句 所假设的谓语动词不一致， 所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件 虚拟语气。 虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照 假设的时间而定。 假设的时间而定。 If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better. If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital.
• It’s suggested that the plan be carried out. • My demand is that she should come to see me once a week. • All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.
would should + do sth could Might
1.If I were you, I ____ buy the house right now. C A. won’t B. don’t C. wouldn’t D. can’t 2. _____more careful, his ship would not have B sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he A ____me tomorrow, I would let him know A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able
1.我们建议 去休息一下。 1.我们建议Tom去休息一下。 我们建议 去休息一下 2.他坚决要求我到场。 他坚决要求我到场。 他坚决要求我到场 3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑 4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作 1.We suggested that Tom should have a rest. 2.He insisted that I (should) be present. 3.The king ordered that the prisoners Should be killed the next day. 4.They requested that we should send them to work there.
2. 名词性从句的虚拟语气。 名词性从句的虚拟语气。 主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。 主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。 1.宾语从句。常见动词： 宾语从句。 宾语从句 常见动词： 一个坚持： 一个坚持：insist 两个命令： 两个命令：order, command 三个建议： 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose 五个要求： 五个要求：demand , require, request, desire ask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气 用法。 使用should 用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原 或者将should省略。 should省略 形，或者将should省略。
一、虚拟语气定义 1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气， 英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气， 英语动词有三种语气 祈使语气和虚拟语气. 祈使语气和 2. 定义：用来表示说的话 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实， 或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的 或者是 的 情况，而是一种愿望，建议， 情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的 语气叫虚拟语气。 语气叫虚拟语气。
5）without和but for 构成虚拟。(but for要不是 ） 构成虚拟。 要不是) 和 要不是 • Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today. • But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work. •But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.
8）It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important ） a pity+ that --- 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即 从句中的动词要用虚拟， (should)+动词原形 动词原形 1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. 2. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party. 3. It’s necessary that we should study hard.
1、一般条件句中的虚拟语气 时 间 If 条件句 主 句
过去 现在
had done
would should could might
+have done sth
would 助动词 be用 were should 用 实义动词 do 用 did could might
+ do sth
did / were 将来 should do were to do
3） as if /though + 从句 ）
现在： 过去时 过去：过去完成时
• She loves the baby as if it were her own son. • It seems as if it were spring. • I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday. • They talked as if they had been friends for years. • He looks as if he were drunk.