AD1896
AIC1896 芯片资料
1. 4MHz Thin PackageCurrent-Mode Step-Up DC/DC ConverterAnalog Integrations Corporation Si-Soft Research CenterDS-1896G-01 121208FEATURESFixed Frequency 1.4MHz Current-Mode PWM Operation.Adjustable Output Voltage up to 30V.Guaranteed 13V/ 200mA Output with 5V Input. 2.5V to 10V Input Range.Maximum 0.1µA Shutdown Current. Programmable Soft-Start.Tiny Inductor and Capacitors are allowed.Space-Saving SOT-23-6 and TSOT-23-6 Package.APPLICATIONSWhite LED Backlight. OLED Driver.LCD BiasDESCRIPTIONAIC1896 is a current-mode pulse-width modulation (PWM), step-up DC/DC Converter. The built-in high voltage N-channel MOSFET allows AIC1896 for step-up applications with up to 30V output voltage, as well as for Single Ended Primary Inductance Converter (SEPIC) and other low-side switching DC/DC converter.The high switching frequency (1.4MHz) allows the use of small external components. The Soft-Start function is programmable with an external capacitor, which sets the input current ramp rate.The AIC1896 is available in a space-saving SOT-23-6 and TSOT-23-6 package.TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITµFV IN4.2V687072747678808284862468101214161820LED Current (mA)E f f i c i e n c y (%)Fig. 1 Li-Ion Powered Driver for three white LEDsFV IN4.2VLED Current (mA)E f f i c i e n c y (%)6062646668707274767880Fig. 2 Li-Ion Powered Driver for six white LEDsORDERING INFORMATION& Reel Packing TypeAIC1896PGTRin Lead Free SOT-23-6 Package & Tape& Reel Packing TypeTSOT-23-6 MarkingPart No. Marking AIC1896PK 896PK AIC1896GK896GKSOT-23-6 MarkingPart No. Marking AIC1896PG 1896P AIC1896GG1896GABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSLX to GND -0.3V to +33V FB to GND -0.3V to +6V IN, SHDN-0.3V to +11V SS to GND -0.3V to +6V LX Pin RMS Current 0.6A Continuous Power Dissipation 727mW Operating Temperature Range -40°C to 85°C Junction Temperature 125°C Storage Temperature Range -65°C to 150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) 260°CAbsolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life of a device may be impaired. TEST CIRCUITV IN V OUT10µELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICSSHDNNote 1: Specifications are production tested at T A=25°C. Specifications over the -40°C to 85°C operating temperature range are assured by design, characterization and correlation with Statistical QualityControls (SQC).TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICSFig. 3 Switching Frequency vs. TemperatureS w i t c h i n g F r e q u e n c y (M H z )Temperature (°C)Fig. 4 Frequency vs. Supply VoltageF r e q u e n c y (M H z )Supply Voltage (V)Supply Voltage (V)Fig. 5 R DSON vs. Supply VoltageR D S (O N ) (Ω)Output Current (mA)Fig. 6 Load Regulation (L1=10μH)O u t p u t V o l t a g e (V )Output Current (mA)Fig. 7 Load Regulation (L1=22μH)O u t p u t V o l t a g e (V )Supply Voltage (V)Fig. 8 Switching CurrentS u p p l y C u r r e n t (m A )TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)Supply Voltage (V)Fig. 9 Non-Switching CurrentS u p p l y C u r r e n t (μA )Fig. 10Feedback Pin VoltageF e e d b a c k V o l t a g e (V )Temperature (°C)Output Current (mA)Fig. 11 Efficiency vs. Output Current (L1=10µH, test circuit refer to p.3)E f f i c i e n c y (%)Output Current (mA)Fig. 12Efficiency vs. output current (L1=22µH, test circuit refer to p.3)E f f i c i e n c y (%)Fig. 13(a) Maximum Output current vs. Supply Voltage(L1: 10µH, test circuit refer to p.3)M a x i m u m O u t p u t C u r r e nt (m A )Supply Voltage (V)0Fig. 13(b) Maximum Output Current vs. Supply Voltage(L1:22µH, test circuit refer to p.3)M a x i m u m O u t p u t C u r r e n t (m A )Supply Voltage (V)TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (Continued)Fig. 14 Operation Wave Form(V IN =5V; V OUT =12V, L1=22µH; R1=105K;R2=12K;C3=1nF;I OUT =200mA, test circuit refer to p.3)V OUT V SW ILXFig. 15 Operation Wave Form(V IN =3V;V OUT =5V;L1=10µH;R1=36K;R2=12K; C3=39pF;I OUT =200mA, test circuit refer to p.3)V OUT VLXILXFig. 16 Load Step Response(V IN =3.3V; V OUT =5V;L1=10µH;I OUT =5mA to 200mA,test circuit refer to p.3)V OUTILXFig. 17 Load Step Response(V IN =5V ; V OUT =12V ;L1=22µH;I OUT =5mA to 150mA,test circuit refer to p.3)V OUTI LXFig. 18 Start-Up from Shutdown (V IN =3.3V ;V OUT =13V ;R LOAD =300Ω,test circuit refer to p.3)V OUTSHDN I LXBLOCK DIAGRAMSHDNSSLX FBGND PIN DESCRIPTIONSPIN 1: LX - Power Switching Connection.Connect LX to inductor andoutput rectifier. Keep thedistance between thecomponents as close to LX aspossible.PIN 2: GND - Ground.PIN 3: FB - Feedback Input. Connect aresistive voltage-divider from theoutput to FB to set the outputvoltage.PIN 4: SHDN- Shutdown Input. Drive SHDNlow to turn off the converter. Toautomatically start the converter,connect SHDN to IN. DriveSHDN with a slew rate of0.1V/µs or greater. Do not leaveSHDN unconnected.SHDNdraws up to 50µA.PIN 5: SS - Soft-Start Input. Connect asoft-start capacitor from SS toGND in order to soft-start theconverter. Leave SS open todisable the soft-start function. PIN 6: IN - Internal Bias Voltage Input.Connect IN to the input voltagesource. Bypass IN to GND witha capacitor sitting as close to INas possible.APPLICATION INFORMATION Inductor SelectionA 15µH inductor is recommended for mostAIC1896 applications. Although small size and high efficiency are major concerns, the inductor should have low core losses at 1.4MHz and low DCR (copper wire resistance).Capacitor SelectionThe small size of ceramic capacitors makes them ideal for AIC1896 applications. X5R and X7R types are recommended because they retain their capacitance over wider ranges of voltage and temperature than other types, such as Y5V or Z5U. A 4.7µF input capacitor and a 1µF output capacitor are sufficient for most AIC1896 applications.Diode SelectionSchottky diodes, with their low forward voltage drop and fast reverse recovery, are the ideal choices for AIC1896 applications. The forward voltage drop of a Schottky diode represents the conduction losses in the diode, while the diode capacitance (C T or C D) represents the switching losses. For diode selection, both forward voltage drop and diode capacitance need to be considered. Schottky diodes with higher current ratings usually have lower forward voltage drop and larger diode capacitance, which can cause significant switching losses at the 1.4MHz switching frequency of AIC1896. A Schottky diode rated at 100mA to 200mA is sufficient for most AIC1896 applications.LED Current ControlLED current is controlled by feedback resistor (R1 in Fig. 1). The feedback reference is 1.23V. The LED current is 1.23V/R1. In order to haveaccurate LED current, precision resistors are preferred (1% recommended). The formula for R1 selection is shown below.R1 = 1.23V/I LED(1)Open-Circuit ProtectionIn the cases of output open circuit, when the LEDs are disconnected from the circuit or the LEDs fail, the feedback voltage will be zero. AIC1896 will then switch to a high duty cycle resulting in a high output voltage, which may cause SW pin voltage to exceed its maximum 30V rating. A zener diode can be used at the output to limit the voltage on SW pin (Fig. 20). The zener voltage should be larger than the maximum forward voltage of the LED string. The current rating of the zener should be larger than 0.1mA.Dimming ControlThere are three different types of dimming control circuits as follows:1. Using a PWM signalPWM brightness control provides the widest dimming range by pulsing LEDs on and off at full and zero current, repectively. The change of average LED current depends on the duty cycle of the PWM signal. Typically, a 0.1kHz to 10kHz PWM signal is used. Two applications of PWM dimming with AIC 1896 are shown in Fig 21. One, as fig. 21(a), uses PWM signal to drive SHDN pin directly for dimming control. The other, as fig. 21(b), employs PWM signal going through a resistor to drive FB pin. If the SHDN pin is used, the increase of duty cycle results in LED brightness enhancement. If the FB pin is used, on the contrary, the increase of duty cycle will decrease its brightness. In this application, LEDsare dimmed by FB pin and turned off completely by SHDN.2. Using a DC VoltageFor some applications, the preferred method of a dimming control uses a variable DC voltage to adjust LED current. A dimming control using a DC voltage is shown as Fig. 22. As DC voltage increases, the voltage drop over R2 increases and the voltage drop over R1 decreases.Cautiously selecting R2 and R3 is essential so that the current from the variable DC source is much smaller than the LED current and much larger than the FB pin bias current. With a VDC ranging from 0V to 5V, the selection of resistors in Fig. 22 results in dimming control of LED current from 20mA to 0mA, respectively.3. Using a Filtered PWM SignalFiltered PWM signal can be considered as an adjustable DC voltage. It can be used to replace the variable DC voltage source in dimming control. The circuit is shown in Fig. 23.V INC3µF Fig. 19 White LED Driver with Open-Circuit ProtectionPWMOFF(a) (b)Fig. 20 Dimming Control Using a PWM SignalONOFFFig. 21 Dimming Control Using a DC Voltage Fig. 22 Dimming Control Using a Filtered PWM Signal APPLICATION EXAMPLESC3µF=20mAV INFig. 23 1-Cell Li-Ion Powered Driver for eight White LEDs with Open-Circuit ProtectionVout *R2 *L1 5V9V 12V 18V 24V36K 75k 105k 160k 220k10uH 10uH 10uH 22uH 22uHFig. 24 Typical Step up Application Circuit4.7µV INFig. 25 1-Cell Li-Ion to ±15V/5mA Dual Output Converter for LCD Bias5V INV OUT =40V/10mA0.1uFFig. 26 High 40V Output Voltage for Electrophoretic Display (EPD) ApplicationFig. 27 Three output voltage for LCDPHYSICAL DIMENSIONS (unit: mm)TSOT-23-6VIEW BSEATING PLANEGAUGE PLANE SECTION A-ASEE VIEW B0°0.700.301.502.602.800.080.30 0e θL1L e1c E E1D b A2A10.95 BSC 8°0.601.90 BSC0.60 REF0.901.703.003.000.220.500.10 -MIN.SY M B O LA 1.00MAX.TSOT-23-6MILLIMETERS Note : 1. Refer to JEDEC MO-193AA.2. Dimension "D" does not include mold flash, protrusions or gate burrs. Mold flash, protrusion or gate burrs shall not exceed 6 mil per side.3. Dimension "E1" does not include inter-lead flash or protrusions.4. Controlling dimension is millimeter, converted inch dimensions are not necessarily exact.SOT-23-6Note :Information provided by AIC is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, we cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in an AIC product; nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. We reserve the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice.Life Support Policy: AIC does not authorize any AIC product for use in life support devices and/or systems. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (I) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (ii) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform, when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user.VIEW BSEATING PLANEGAUGE PLANE SECTION A-ASEE VIEW B0°0.900.301.502.602.800.080.300.05e θL1L e1c EE1Db A2A10.95 BSC 8°0.601.90 BSC0.42 REF1.301.703.003.000.220.500.150.95MIN.S Y M B O LA 1.45MAX.SOT-23-6MILLIMETERS Note : 1. Refer to JEDEC MO-178AB.2. Dimension "D" does not include mold flash, protrusions or gate burrs. Mold flash, protrusion or gate burrs shall not exceed 10 mil per side.3. Dimension "E1" does not include inter-lead flash or protrusions.4. Controlling dimension is millimeter, converted inch dimensions are not necessarily exact.。
BF6910(BF6911)ASXX规格书
3.1 引脚图 ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 3.2 引脚描述 ................................................................................................................................................... 6
公开课牛津英语21014模块四unit2_The_Olympic_Games_
Swimming
Gymnastics
Baseball
Shooting
alpine skiing
高山滑雪
Sailing
Boxing
Speed Skating ice hockey
Judo
Horse riding
Curling冰壶
ski jumping
跳台滑雪
Boxing
Brief History of the Olympics
Two Kinds of Olympic Games:
Summer Olympic Games
The olive wreath橄榄枝
花环
Winter Olympic Games
Sets/ Kinds Motto(格言,口号)
Host city of the first Olympics Host city of 2004 Olympics Host city of 2008 Olympic Host city of 2012 Olympics
tennis volleyball table tennis badminton
track and field
relay race
Olympic champion 110m hurdles
running
long jump
high jump
gymnastics
horse
beam
high and low bars
Host Greece Country anyone slaves________can Compet No women ______ or____ take part if itors can take part they reach the standard Prize the olive wreath medals
FLEX I O PROFIBUS 通讯适配器 1794-APBDPV1 欧洲有害地方审批说明书
Publication 1794-IN114A-EN-P - July 2008Installation InstructionsFLEX I/O PROFIBUS Communications Adapter1794-APBDPV1European Hazardous Location ApprovalThe following modules are European Zone 2 approved: 1794-APBDPV1Important User InformationSolid state equipment has operational characteristics differing from those ofelectromechanical equipment. Safety Guidelines for the Application, Installation andMaintenance of Solid State Controls (Publication SGI-1.1 available from your local Rockwell Automation sales office or online at ) describes some important differences between solid state equipment and hard-wired electromechanical devices. Because of this difference, and also because of the wide variety of uses for solid state equipment, all persons responsible for applying this equipment must satisfy themselves that each intended application of this equipment is acceptable.In no event will Rockwell Automation, Inc. be responsible or liable for indirect or consequential damages resulting from the use or application of this equipment.The examples and diagrams in this manual are included solely for illustrative purposes. Because of the many variables and requirements associated with any particular installation, Rockwell Automation, Inc. cannot assume responsibility or liability for actual use based on the examples and diagrams.No patent liability is assumed by Rockwell Automation, Inc. with respect to use of information, circuits, equipment, or software described in this manual.Reproduction of the contents of this manual, in whole or in part, without written permission of Rockwell Automation, Inc., is prohibited.Throughout this manual we use notes to make you aware of safety considerations.Identifies information about practices or circumstances that can cause an explosion in a hazardous environment, which may lead to personal injury or death, property damage, or economic loss.Identifies information that is critical for successful application and understanding of the product.Identifies information about practices or circumstances that can lead to personal injury or death, property damage, or economic loss. Attentions help you:•identify a hazard •avoid a hazard•recognize the consequenceEnvironment and EnclosureThis equipment is intended for use in a Pollution Degree 2 industrial environment, in overvoltage Category II applications (as defined in IEC publication 60664-1), at altitudes up to 2000 meters (6562 ft) without derating.This equipment is considered Group 1, Class A industrial equipment according to IEC/CISPR Publication 11. Without appropriate precautions, there may be potential difficulties ensuring electromagnetic compatibility in other environments due to conducted as well as radiated disturbance. This equipment is supplied as open-type equipment. It must be mounted within an enclosure that is suitably designed for those specificenvironmental conditions that will be present and appropriately designed to prevent personal injury resulting from accessibility to live parts. The enclosure must have suitable flame-retardant properties to prevent or minimize the spread of flame, complying with a flame spread rating of 5VA, V2, V1, V0 (or equivalent) if non-metallic. The interior of the enclosure must be accessible only by the use of a tool. Subsequentsections of this publication may contain additional information regarding specific enclosure type ratings that are required to comply with certain product safety certifications. In addition to this publication, see:•Industrial Automation Wiring and Grounding Guidelines, for additional installation requirements, Allen-Bradley publication 1770-4.1.•NEMA Standards publication 250 and IEC publication 60529, as applicable, for explanations of the degrees of protection provided by different types of enclosure.FLEX I/O is grounded through the DIN rail to chassis ground. Use zinc plated yellow-chromate steel DIN rail to assure proper grounding. The use of other DIN rail materials (for example, aluminum or plastic) that can corrode, oxidize, or are poor conductors, can result in improper orintermittent grounding. Secure DIN rail to mounting surface approximately every 200 mm (7.8 in.) and use end-anchors appropriately.Preventing Electrostatic DischargeThis equipment is sensitive to electrostatic discharge, which can cause internal damage and affect normal operation. Follow these guidelines when you handle this equipment:•Touch a grounded object to discharge potential static.•Wear an approved grounding wriststrap.•Do not touch connectors or pins on component boards.•Do not touch circuit components inside the equipment.•If available, use a static-safe workstation.•Store the equipment in appropriate static-safe packaging when not in use.European Zone 2 Certification (The following applies when the product bears the Ex or EEx Marking)This equipment is intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres as defined by European Union Directive 94/9/EC and has been found to comply with the Essential Health and Safety Requirements relating to the design and construction of Category 3 equipment intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres, given in Annex II to this pliance with the Essential Health and Safety Requirements has been assured by compliance with EN 60079-15.Observe the following additional Zone 2 certification requirements:•This equipment is not resistant to sunlight or other sources of UV radiation.•This equipment must be installed in an enclosure providing at least IP54 protection when applied in Class I, Zone 2 environments.•This equipment shall be used within its specified ratings defined by Allen-Bradley.•Provision shall be made to prevent the rated voltage from beingexceeded by transient disturbances of more than 40% when applied in Class I, Zone 2 environments.•Secure any external connections that mate to this equipment by using screws, sliding latches, threaded connectors, or other means provided with this product.•Do not disconnect equipment unless power has been removed or the area is known to be nonhazardous.2 FLEX I/O PROFIBUS Communications Adapter Publication 1794-IN114A-EN-P - July 2008North American Hazardous Location ApprovalThe following modules are North American Hazardous Location approved: 1794-APBDPV1.FLEX I/O PROFIBUS Adapter 1794-APBDPV1Install Your Adapter ModuleMounting on a DIN rail before installing the Terminal Base Units1.Position the adapter module (A) on a 35 x 7.5 mm (3 x 0.3 in.) DIN rail (B)at a slight angle.2.Hook the lip on the rear of the adapter onto the top of the DIN rail, androtate the adapter module onto the rail.3.Press the adapter module down onto the DIN rail until flush. Locking tabC will snap into position and lock the adapter module to the DIN rail.4.If the adapter module does not lock in place, use a screwdriver or similardevice to move the locking tab down while pressing the adapter module flush onto the DIN rail, and release the locking tab to lock the adapter module in place. If necessary, push up on the locking tab to lock.5.Connect the adapter wiring as shown under “Connect Wiring for yourModule ”.Remove the debris wrapper before applying power to the module.Panel/Wall MountingIf mounting this adapter to a panel or wall, refer to publication 1794-5.13, “Panel Mounting Kit, Cat. No. 1794-NM1.”Mount (or Replace) the Adapter on an Existing System1.Remove the PROFIBUS connector from the front of the adapter.The following information applies when operating this equipment in hazardous locations:Informations sur l’utilisation de cetéquipement en environnements dangereux :Products marked “CL I, DIV 2, GP A, B, C, D” are suitable for use in Class I Division 2 Groups A, B, C, D, Hazardous Locations and nonhazardous locations only. Each product is supplied with markings on the ratingnameplate indicating the hazardous location temperature code. When combiningproducts within a system, the most adverse temperature code (lowest “T” number) may be used to help determine the overall temperature code of the system.Combinations of equipment in your system are subject to investigation by the local Authority Having Jurisdiction at the time of installation.Les produits marqués "CL I, DIV 2, GP A, B, C, D" ne conviennent qu’à une utilisation enenvironnements de Classe I Division 2 Groupes A, B, C, D dangereux et non dangereux. Chaque produit est livré avec des marquages sur sa plaque d’identification qui indiquent le code de température pour les environnements dangereux. Lorsque plusieurs produits sont combinés dans un système, le code de température le plus défavorable (code detempérature le plus faible) peut être utilisé pour déterminer le code de température global du système. Les combinaisons d’équipements dans le système sont sujettes à inspection par les autorités locales qualifiées au moment de l’installation.EXPLOSION HAZARD•Do not disconnect equipment unless power has been removed or the area is known to be nonhazardous. •Do not disconnect connections to this equipment unless power has been removed or the area is known to be nonhazardous. Secure any external connections that mate to thisequipment by using screws, sliding latches, threaded connectors, or other means provided with this product.•Substitution of components may impair suitability for Class I, Division 2.•If this product contains batteries, they must only be changed in an area known to be nonhazardous.RISQUE D’EXPLOSION•Couper le courant ou s’assurer que l’environnement est classé non dangereux avant de débrancher l'équipement.•Couper le courant ou s'assurer que l’environnement est classé non dangereux avant de débrancher les connecteurs. Fixer tous les connecteurs externes reliés à cet équipement à l'aide de vis, loquets coulissants, connecteurs filetés ou autres moyens fournis avec ce produit.•La substitution de composants peut rendre cet équipement inadapté à une utilisation en environnement de Classe I, Division 2.•S’assurer que l’environnement est classé non dangereux avant de changer les piles.If you insert or remove the module while backplane power is on, an electrical arc can occur. This could cause an explosion in hazardous location installations. Be sure that power is removed or the area is nonhazardous before proceeding.To comply with the CE Low Voltage Directive (LVD), this equipment must be powered from a source compliant with the following:Safety Extra Low Voltage (SELV) or Protected Extra Low Voltage (PELV).To comply with UL restrictions, this equipment must be powered from a source compliant with the following:Class 2 or Limited Voltage/Current.DescriptionDescription1Flexbus connector4Node address thumbwheel switches 224V common connections 5PROFIBUS connector 324V DC connections6Status indicatorsDuring mounting of all devices, be sure that all debris (such as metal chips and wire stands) is kept from falling into the module. Debris that falls intothe module could cause damage on power up.44553FLEX I/O PROFIBUS Communications Adapter 3Publication 1794-IN114A-EN-P - July 20082.Disconnect any wiring jumpered to the adjacent terminal base.3.Open the module latching mechanism and remove the module from thebase unit to which the adapter will be attached.4.Push the flexbus connector toward the right side of the terminal base tounplug the backplane connection.5.Release the locking tab (C) and remove the adapter module.6.Before installing the new adapter, notice the notch on the right rear of theadapter. This notch accepts the hook on the terminal base unit. The notch is open at the bottom. The hook and adjacent connection point keep the terminal base and the adapter tight together, reducing the possibility of a break in communication over the backplane.plete the adapter mounting as follows.a.Push down and in at the same time to lock the adapter to the DIN rail. If the adapter does not lock in place, use a screwdriver or similar device to move the locking tab down while pressing the adapter flush onto the DIN rail, and release the locking tab to lock the adapter module in place. If necessary, push up on the locking tab to lock.b.When the adapter is locked onto the DIN rail, gently push the flexbusconnector into the adapter to complete the backplane.8.Reinstall the module in the adjacent terminal base unit.Connect Wiring for your Module1.Connect the PROFIBUS drop cable to the 9-pin D-shell connectoraccording to the following pin assignments.2.Connect the cable shield to pin 1.The shield is connected to earth ground.3.Connect the data signal pins on both ends (signal + pin 3 and signal -pin 8).4.Insert the wired connector into the mating connector on the adapter.5.Connect +V DC power to the left side of the lower connector, terminal E.6.Connect -V common to the left side of the upper connector, terminal D.If you connect or disconnect the PROFIBUS cable with power applied to this module or any device on the network, an electrical arc can occur. This could cause an explosion in hazardous location installations. Be sure that power is removed or the area is nonhazardous before proceeding.44556If you connect or disconnect wiring while the field-side power is on, an electrical arc can occur. This could cause an explosion in hazardous location installations. Be sure that power is removed or the area is nonhazardous before proceeding.PINRS-485 Reference SignalDescription1Shield Shield, RC to earth ground 2RP Not used3B/B’RXD/TXD-P Receive/transmit data - P 4CTNR-P Not used 5C/C’DGND Data ground 6VP Voltage plus (+5V)7RP Not used8A/A’RXD/TXD-N Receive/transmit data - N 9CTNR-NNot used Metal shellEarth groundATTENTIONTotal power connection wire length must be less than 10 m (32.8 ft).44558445594 FLEX I/O PROFIBUS Communications AdapterPublication 1794-IN114A-EN-P - July 20087.Connections G and F are used to pass +V DC power (G) and -V common(F) to the next module in the series (if required).Node AddressSet the node address using the thumbwheel switches on the front of the adapter. Valid settings range from 00...99. Use the + or - buttons to set the node address.Set the thumbwheel switches to 00 to allow node addressing by softwareconfiguration tool to set the range from 1 to 125. Address changes take effect only after cycling power.GSD Requirements8.Current functionality of PROFIBUS adapters requires GSD files. Thesefiles are easy to install and are available online at: /networks/gsd .IndicatorsWhen connecting wiring, torque terminal screws D, E, F, and G to 0.8 Nm (7 lb-in).Do not wire more than 2 conductors on any single terminal.addressStatus IndicatorsIndicationStatusOff No power Solid green Normal operationFlashing red/OFFRecoverable fault- FLEX K/O module defective - Incorrect module installed- Node address changed since powerup Solid redUnrecoverable fault- Major hardware failurePROFIBUS IndicatorsIndicationStatusOff No power or no communication Solid green Data is being transmitted and received Flashing red/OFFRecoverable fault- Invalid Send parameter data - Invalid Check Configuration data Solid redUnrecoverable fault- Unable to communicateSTATUS Indicator (green/red)PROFIBUS Indicator (green/red)Publication 1794-IN114A-EN-P - July 2008Mounting DimensionsSpecifications - Flex I/O PROFIBUS 1794-APBDPV1Environmental SpecificationsCertificationsSpecification Description I/O capacity 8 modulesInput voltage rating 24V DC nom19.2V...31.2 V DC (includes 5% AC ripple)Input current 450 mA max, 330 mA at 24V dc Inrush current 23 A for 2 msCommunication rate All rates up to 12.0 Mbits/s IndicatorsStatus- red/green PROFIBUS- red/green Flexbus output current 640 mA maxIsolation voltage50V (continuous), Basic Insulation Type Profibus to Flex backplane to powerRoutine tested at 850V DC for 1 s, Profibus to Backplane to Power Type tested at 850V AC for 60 s, Profibus to Backplane to Power Power dissipation ****************Thermal dissipation Max26BTU/**********Dimensions (HxWxD)87 x 69 x 69mm 3.4 x 2.7 x 2.7 in.Wire size Power 0.34... 2.5 mm 2 (22...12 AWG) solid or stranded copper wire rated at 75 °C (167 °F ) or greater 1.2 mm (3/64 in.) insulation max Wire category (1)(1)Use this Conductor Category information for planning conductor routing. Refer to Industrial Automation Wiring and Grounding Guidelines, publication 1770-4.1.1 on power ports2 on communications ports North American temp code T4IEC temp code T4PROFIBUS CABLE Standard drop cable PROFIBUS connector plug9-pin D-shell44561A = Mounting hole dimensions for optional mounting kitB = DIN railC = Secure DIN rail approximately every 200mm (7.87 in.)Module1794-APBDPV1Operating temperatureIEC 60068-2-1 (Test Ad, Operating Cold), IEC 60068-2-2 (Test Bd, Operating Dry Heat),IEC 60068-2-14 (Test Nb, Operating Thermal Shock): 0…55 °C (32…131 °F)Storage temperatureIEC 60068-2-1 (Test Ab, Unpackaged Nonoperating Cold), IEC 60068-2-2 (Test Bb, Unpackaged Nonoperating Dry Heat),IEC 60068-2-14 (Test Na, Unpackaged Nonoperating Thermal Shock): –40…85 °C (–40…185 °F)Relative humidity IEC 60068-2-30 (Test Db, Unpackaged Damp Heat): 5…95% noncondensing VibrationIEC 60068-2-6 (Test Fc, Operating): 5 g @ 10…500 HzShockIEC60068-2-27 (Test Ea, Unpackaged shock): Operating 30 g Nonoperating 50 g EmissionsCISPR 11:Group 1, Class A ESD immunityIEC 61000-4-2:6 kV contact discharges 8 kV air dischargesRadiated RF immunityIEC 61000-4-3:10V/m with 1 kHz sine-wave 80% AM from 80…2500 MHz 3V/m with 1 kHz sine-wave 80% AM from 2500…2700 MHz EFT/B immunityIEC 61000-4-4:±2 kV at 5 kHz on power ports±2 kV at 5 kHz on communication ports Surge transient immunity IEC 61000-4-5:±2 kV line-earth (CM) on communications portsConducted RF immunityIEC 61000-4-6:10V rms with 1 kHz sine-wave 80% AM from 10 kHz…80 MHz Emclosure type ratingNone (open-style)Certifications (when product is marked)(1)(1)See the Product Certification link at for Declarations of Conformity, Certificates, and other certification details.c-UL-usUL Listed Industrial Control Equipment, certified for US and Canada. See UL File E65584UL Listed for Class I, Division 2 Group A,B,C,D Hazardous Locations, certified for U.S. and Canada. See UL File E194810.CEEuropean Union 2004/108/EC EMC Directive, compliant with: EN 61326; Meas./Control/Lab., Industrial Requirements EN 61000-6-2; Industrial Immunity EN 61000-6-4; Industrial EmissionsEN 61131-2; Programmable Controllers (Clause 8, Zone A & B)C-Tick Australian Radiocommunications Act, compliant with: AS/NZS CISPR 11; Industrial EmissionsExEuropean Union 94/9/EC ATEX Directive, compliant with:EN 60079-15; Potentially Explosive Atmospheres, Protection "n" (Zone 2)。
ADI公司产品电路设计说明书(AD7626 16位ADC)
电路笔记CN-0105连接/参考器件利用ADI公司产品进行电路设计AD762616位、10 MSPS PulSAR差分ADC 放心运用这些配套产品迅速完成设计。
ADA4932-1低功耗差分ADC驱动器欲获得更多信息和技术支持,请拨打4006-100-006或访问/zh/circuits。
2.7 V、800 µA、80 MHz轨到轨输入/输出放大器AD803116位10 MSPS ADC AD7626的单端转差分高速驱动电路电路功能与优势图1所示电路可将高频单端输入信号转换为平衡差分信号,用于驱动16位10 MSPS PulSAR® ADC AD7626。
该电路采用低功耗差分放大器ADA4932-1来驱动ADC,最大限度提升AD7626的高频输入信号音性能。
此器件组合的真正优势在于低功耗、高性能。
ADA4932-1具有低失真(10 MHz时100 dB SFDR)、快速建立时间(9 ns达到0.1%)、高带宽(560 MHz,-3 dB,G = 1)和低电流(9.6 mA)等特性,是驱动AD7626的理想选择。
它还能轻松设定所需的输出共模电压。
该组合提供了业界先进的动态性能并减小了电路板面积:AD7626采用5 mm × 5mm、32引脚LFCSP封装,ADA4932 -1采用3mm× 3mm、16引脚LFCSP封装),AD8031采用5引脚SOT23封装。
AD7626具有突破业界标准的动态性能,在10 MSPS下信噪比为91.5 dB,实现16位INL性能,无延迟,LVDS接口,功耗仅有136 mW。
AD7626使用SAR架构,主要特性是能够以10 MSPS无延迟采样,不会发生流水线式ADC常有的“流水线延迟”,同时具备出色的线性度。
图1. ADA4932-1驱动AD7626(未显示去耦和所有连接)Rev.0“Circuits from the Lab” from Analog Devices have been designed and built by Analog Devicesengineers. Standard engineering practices have been employed in the design and constructionof each circuit, and their function and performance have been tested and verified in a labenvironment at room temperature. However, you are solely responsible for testing the circuitand determining its suitability and applicability for your use and application. Accordingly, inno event shall Analog Devices be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental, consequential orOne Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.Tel: Fax: 781.461.3113©2010 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.CN-0105电路笔记电路描述ADA4932-1差分驱动器的增益配置约为1(单端输入至差分输出)。
二 战 十 大 战 列 舰
二 战十大 战 列 舰
大舰巨炮
汪洋霸主
钢铁咆哮 怒海争锋
• • • •
中文名: 外文名: 国 别: 类 型:
中文名:乔治五世国王级战舰 英文名:King George V class Battleship 国 家:英国
1941年5月27日,“乔治五世”号取得了服役期间最大的战果——她与“BIG SEVEN”的传奇角色“罗德尼”号战列舰一道,击沉了德国海军最强大的“俾斯 麦”号战列舰。值得一提的是,即使在对手力早已不从心的情况下,“乔治五世” 却遭受着火炮故障的困扰,以至于她几乎从未进行10门主炮的齐射。 1945年上半年,“乔治五世”号协同“衣阿华”号等盟军战舰游移于日本近海, 炮击室兰制铁所等日本工业设施。 1945年9月2日,“乔治五世”号在东京湾参加了日本投降仪式。 1950年退役,1958年1月20日出售解体。 1941年5月24日,“胡德”号和“威尔士亲王”号在丹麦附近发现“俾斯麦”号, 随即展开炮战,史称丹麦海峡海战。双方从26000米一直打到22000米,“胡德” 号中弹沉没,“威尔士亲王”号中弹3发,雷达操作室、舰桥被毁,航空设施、 救生船加班遭到破坏,但也命中“俾斯麦”号3弹,打穿了对方舰艏的一个油舱 (让“俾斯麦”号损失了1000吨燃料,又迫使其尽量顺风航行以免增加进水,机 动性优势大减)。随后,饱受“伤”“病”折磨的“威尔士亲王”选择了撤退, 未参加后续的追击行动。 1941年12月10日“威尔士亲王”号、“反击”号在马来亚海域(3-30'N,104-30'E) 遭遇日军飞机空袭,两舰先后沉没。舰队司令官菲利普斯上将和“威尔士亲王” 号舰长里奇上校阵亡,英军高级军官仅有“反击”号舰长威廉-坦南特上校幸存。
PCI总线引脚定义
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多种CD DAC光头汇编
The complete D/A DAC converter list多种CD DAC /光头..... 汇编(Updated 09-02-2008)CD-PLAYER DAC TRANSPORTACCUPHASE DAC10 2 x AD1853 DACACCUPHASE DAC20 2 x AD1955 DACACCUPHASE DC-61 12 x PCM1702 ?SM5843AP DAC ACCUPHASE DC-81 8 x ICL8010ACPD ?2 x SM5801P DAC ACCUPHASE DC-81L 10 x ICL8010ACPD ?SM5803AP DAC ACCUPHASE DC-91 16 x PCM63P-K DACACCUPHASE DC-101 6 x AD1853 DACACCUPHASE DC-330 6 x AD1853 DACACCUPHASE DC-801 8 x AD1955 DACACCUPHASE DP-11 2 x PCM58P-S ?SM5803AP Sony KSS-190A ACCUPHASE DP-55 6 x PCM1702 ?SM5843AP Sony KSS-240A ACCUPHASE DP-55V 2 x AD1853 Sony KSS-240AACCUPHASE DP-57 2 x PCM1796 ?AK4114VQ Sony KSS-240A ACCUPHASE DP-60 2 x PCM58P-K ?SM5803AP Sony KSS-190A ACCUPHASE DP-65 8 x PCM1702 ?SM5843AP Sony KSS-272A ACCUPHASE DP-65V 8 x PCM1702 ?SM5843AS Sony KSS-272A ACCUPHASE DP-67 4 x AD1955 ?AK4114VQ Sony KSS-240A ACCUPHASE DP-70 8 x ICL8010ACPD Sony BU-1CACCUPHASE DP-70V 10 x ICL8010ACPD ?SM5803AP Sony KSS-190A ACCUPHASE DP-75 16 x PCM1702 ?SM5843AP Sony KSS-272A ACCUPHASE DP-75V 6 x AD1853 Sony KSS-272AACCUPHASE DP-77 4 x AD1853ACCUPHASE DP-78 6 x AD1955 ?AK4114VQACCUPHASE DP-80 It抯a Transport ?CX23035 Sony BU-1C ACCUPHASE DP-80L It抯a Transport ?CXD1125QZ Sony KSS-190A ACCUPHASE DP-85 6 x AD1853ACCUPHASE DP-90 It抯a Transport ?CXD2500BQ Sony KSS ACCUPHASE DP-500 4 x PCM1796ACCUPHASE DP-700 8 x AD1955ACOUSTIC RESEARCH CD-06 TDA1541 CDM-2ACOUSTIC RESEARCH CD-06SE TDA1541A CDM-4ACOUSTIC RESEARCH CD-07 SAA7 220 -TDA1541 CDM-4 ACOUSTIC RESEARCH CD-07SE SAA7350 CDM-4ADC CD-3 2 x CX20152 ?CX23034 KSS-123AADC CD-250XR PCM54ADC CD-350XR PCM54HP KSS-123AADCOM GCD-575 TDA1541A KSS-212BADCOM GCD-750 4 x PCM1702 ?PMD100 Panasonic RAE0113Z ADCOM GDA-600 PCM63P DACADV ANTAGE CD1 2 x PCM1702 ?NPC filter Pioneer Stable Platter PEA1343 AIWA DX-1000 PCM53JG-VAIWA DX-M45 TDA1541 CDM-4 /25AIWA XC-002 1 x PCM56P KSS-150AAIWA XC-003 1 x PCM56P ?PD0036 KSS-150AAIWA XC-005 2 x PCM58P KSS-150AAIWA XC-007 2 x PCM56P-K KSS-151AAIWA XC-300 TC9237N KSS-210AAIWA XC-333 礟D6376 KSS-210AAIWA XC-500 TC9237N KSS-210AAIWA XC-950 SAA7350 KSS-213A&D DP-7000 2 x PCM56P KSS-151AA&D DP-9000 2 x PCM56P KSS-151AAKAI CD-26 TDA1543A KSS-210AAKAI CD-37 PCM67P KSS-210AAKAI CD-52 PCM56P KSS-210AAKAI CD-55 2 x AD1856 / PCM56P ?PD0036 KSS-210A / KSS-150AAKAI CD-57 PCM67P-J ?CXD1167Q KSS-210AAKAI CD-62 2 x PCM56P ?YM3414 Sankyo Magnetic SPM1001AKAI CD-69 PCM63P ?SM5813 KSS-150A / KSS-210AAKAI CD-73 2 x PCM56P KSS-151AAKAI CD-79 2 x PCM63P-K ?SM5813AP KSS-150A / KSS-210AAKAI CD-93 2 x PCM56P KSS-151AAKAI CD-A7 PCM53JP-V ?HD61902A KSS-120A / KSS-123AAKAI CD-A405 1 x PCM56P KSS-123AAKAI CD-D1 2 x TDA1540D ?SAA7030 TAOHSAKAI CD-M459 PCM56AKAI CD-M719 1 x PCM56P MLP-7AKAI CD-M839 PCM56ALBA CD420 PCM54ALCHEMIST FORSETI APD32A 2 x CS4334 ?CS8414 Philips ALCHEMIST FORSETI APD33A It抯a Transport Philips ECO Module ALCHEMIST FORSETI APD34A 2 x CS4334 DACALCHEMIST KRAKEN APD39A CS4334 ?CS8414 PhilipsALCHEMIST NEXUS APD32A 2 x TDA1549 CDM 12.1ALCHEMIST TS- D-1 CS4334 ?CS8414 DACALPINE AD-7100 CX890 Toshiba OPH-31ALTIS AUDIO CENTAURI It抯a Transport CDM 12 IndAMC CD6 SAA7323GP ?SAA7220P/B CDM-4AMC CD7 SAA7323GPAMC CD8A MN6474 KSS-210AAMC CD8B PCM1716AMC CD8D 2 x PCM1730AMC CD60 PCM1716ANTHEM CD1 2 x PCM1702 ?PMD100 KSK-2000AAPOGEE DA-1000 2 x PCM63P DACAPRIL MUSIC STELLO CDT200 It抯a Transport V AM 1210APRIL MUSIC STELLO DA100 AKM4395 DACAPRIL MUSIC STELLO DA220 AKM4395 DACARAGON D2A 2 x PCM58P ?YM3623B DACARAGON D2A2 D20400A + 2 x PCM63P-J + PMD100 DACARCAM ALPHA TDA1541A CDM-4ARCAM ALPHA ONE PCM1710ARCAM ALPHA PLUS TDA1541A CDM-4ARCAM ALPHA 5 TDA1541 CDM-4ARCAM ALPHA 5 PLUS TDA1541A CDM-4ARCAM ALPHA 6 SM5864 ?SM5840 CDM-9ARCAM ALPHA 7 PCM1710 Sony CDM14ARCAM ALPHA 7SE PCM1716 Sony CDM14ARCAM ALPHA 8 SM5864AP ? SM5843 Sony CDM14ARCAM ALPHA 8SE SM5864AP ? PMD100 Sony CDM14ARCAM ALPHA 9 dCS RingDAC ? PMD100ARCAM DELTA 70.2 TDA1541-S1 (Single Crown) CDM-4/11 / CDM-4/31 ARCAM DELTA 70.3 SAA7350ARCAM DELTA 110 2 x SAA7321ARCAM DELTA 110.2 2 x PCM67P-JARCAM DELTA 270 PCM69AP-J CDM-9ARCAM DELTA BOX 1 TDA1541AARCAM DELTA BOX 2 TDA1541AARCAM DELTA BOX 3 4 x SAA7321ARCAM DELTA BOX 5 2 x PCM67P-JARCAM DIV A CD72 PCM1716 KSS-213ARCAM DIV A CD73T WM8740 KSS-213ARCAM DIV A CD82 2 x?WM8740sARCAM DIV A CD92 dCS RingDAC 24bit + PMD200 KSS-213ARCAM DIV A CD93 4 x WM8740sARCAM FMJ CD23T dCS RingDAC KSS-213B / KSS-240AARCAM FMJ CD33 4 x WM8740 ?AD1896A KSS-213ARCAM FMJ CD36 4 x WM8740 ?AD1896A KSS-213ARISTON CD PLAYER TDA1541-S1 (Single Crown) CDM-4/19 ASSEMBLAGE DAC-2 2 x PCM1702 ?PMD100 ?CS8412-CP DAC ASSEMBLAGE DAC-2.6 2 x PCM1704 ?PMD100 ?CS8412-CS DAC ASSEMBLAGE DAC-2.7 2 x PCM1704 ?PMD200 ?CS8414-CS DAC ASSEMBLAGE DAC-3 4 x PCM1704 ?PMD100 ?CS8414-CS DAC ASSEMBLAGE DAC-3.1 4 x PCM1704 ?PMD200 DACATOLL CD 200 PCM1794 V AM 1202/12AUDIO AERO CAPITOLE AD1853 Philips CD-Pro 2 (V AM 1254) AUDIO AERO PRESTIGE SACD PCM1792 SACDAUDIO AERO PRIMA PCM1739 V AM 1201AUDIO AGILE JOCKER扴CD SM5872BS CDM 12AUDIO ALCHEMY DDE v1.0 SAA7323GP ?SAA7274P DACAUDIO ALCHEMY DDE v1.2 2 x AD1862 ?PMD100 DACAUDIO ALCHEMY DDE v3.0 2 x AD1862N ?PMD100 - CS8412-CP DAC AUDIO ALCHEMY D-I-T-B 2 x AD1860 ?YM3433 DACAUDIO ANALOGUE MAESTRO AD1855 KSS-210AUDIO ANALOGUE PAGANINI CS4390Audio Crafters Guild X-DAC 3.0 CS4328-CP ?AD1891JN DACAUDIO DYNAMICS CD-2000E 1 x PCM56P-J ?SM5807EP CDM 12 AUDIO INNOV ATIONS ALTO PCM1716AUDIO NOTE CD-1 PCM1710 Sony / Samsung SOH-A1AUDIO NOTE CD-2 AD1865 ?SM5843 KSS-210 / SOH-A1AUDIO NOTE CD-2.1x AD1865 N KSS-213AUDIO NOTE CD-3 AD1865 ?SM5843 SOH-A1AUDIO NOTE CD-3.1x AD1865 N KSS-213AUDIO NOTE CDT-ZERO PCM1710 KSS-213AUDIO NOTE DAC-1 PCM63P DACAUDIO NOTE DAC-2 PCM63P-J DACAUDIO NOTE DAC-3 PCM63P-K DACAUDIO NOTE DAC-4 PCM63 P-K DACAUDIO NOTE DAC-5 AD1862N-J DACAUDIO RESEARCH CD1 SAA7341 CDM 12AUDIO RESEARCH CD2 CS4329-KP CDM12.1AUDIO RESEARCH CDT1 It抯a Transport CDM12.1AUDIO RESEARCH DAC1-20 UltraAnalog D20400A ?SM5803APT DAC AUDIO RESEARCH DAC2 UltraAnalog D20400A ?NPC filter DAC AUDIO RESEARCH DAC3 CS4328-KP ?CS8412 DACAUDIO SYNTHESIS DA-X UltraAnalog D20400A DACAUDIOLAB 8000 CD CS4329 CDM 12.4AUDIOLAB 8000 CDM It抯a Transport CDM-9 ProAUDIOLAB 8000 CDM II It抯a Transport Philips CD-Pro (V AM 1252) AUDIOLAB 8000 DAC TDA1547 ? SAA7350 ?SM5843AP DAC AUDIOLABOR 531 PCM1702 CDM-1 Mk IIAUDIOMECA DAMNA TION It抯a Transport CDM 12AUDIOMECA ELIXIR SAA7321GP ?CS8412-CP DACAUDIOMECA OBSESSION TDA1305T CEC-SanyoAUDIONET AudioART CD V2 AKM4395 ?CS8420 CDM 12.3AURA CD-50 SAA7321 CDM-9AURA CD-100 TDA1305T ?SAA7345AUREX XR-V9R TD6709NAUREX XR-Z90 CX890 Toshiba OPH-31A VI SC2000MC PCM63P ?DF1700 ?SAA7310 CDM 12.1 / CDM-9/44 AYRE CX-7 PCM1738 ?DF1706 DVD-ROM DVS DSL-710AAYRE D-1 4 x PCM1704 ?DF1704 DVDBalanced Audio Tech. VK-D5 4 x PCM63P-K ?PMD100 CDM 12Bang & Olufsen Beogram CDX 2 x TDA1540P CDM-1Bang & Olufsen Beogram CDX2 TDA1541A ?SAA7220 CDM-2Bang & Olufsen CD5500 TDA1541A CDM-4/11BENCHMARK DAC 1 AD1853 DACBESTAR CD 900 YM3020 ? YM3805 Hitachi HOP-M3BLAUPUNKT CP-2650 PCM54 KSS-210BLAUPUNKT CP-2950 Artech PCM54HP MLP-3CBLAUPUNKT CP-2990 Artech 2 x PCM56P-J KSS-152ABOW TECHNOLOGIES Wizard TDA1305 CDM 12 ProBOW TECHNOLOGIES ZZ-Eight 4 x PCM1702-K CDM 12 Pro BROUN CD2/3 2 x PCM56P-J ?CXD1135QZ SonyBURMEISTER 979 It抯a Transport CDM-9 ProCalifornia Audio Labs Aria Mk III 2 x PCM58P-KCalifornia Audio Labs CL10 PCM1702 + HDCDCalifornia Audio Labs CL15 PCM1702 + HDCDCalifornia Audio Labs Delta It抯a Transport Panasonic RAE California Audio Labs DX-1 MN66271 Panasonic RAECalifornia Audio Labs Sigma CS4328 DACCalifornia Audio Labs Sigma II PCM1728E DACCalifornia Audio Labs Tempest 2 x TDA1540 ?SAA7030 CAMBRIDGE AUDIO azur340c CS4338CAMBRIDGE AUDIO azur540c 1 x Wolfson WM8716 Sony CAMBRIDGE AUDIO azur540c v2 1 x Wolfson WM8740 Sony CAMBRIDGE AUDIO azur640c 1 x Wolfson WM8740 Sony KSS-213 CAMBRIDGE AUDIO azur640c v2 2 x Wolfson WM8740 Sony CAMBRIDGE AUDIO azur840c 2 x AD1955CAMBRIDGE AUDIO CD1 TDA1541CAMBRIDGE AUDIO CD2 4 x TDA1541 ?SAA7220 CDM-2/10 CAMBRIDGE AUDIO CD3 4 x TDA1541A ?SAA7220P/B CDM-1 Mk II CAMBRIDGE AUDIO CD4 TDA1305 SanyoCAMBRIDGE AUDIO CD4SE CS4327 CDM 12CAMBRIDGE AUDIO CD6 2 x TDA1305T Sanyo SF-91 CAMBRIDGE AUDIO D300SE CS4338 SonyCAMBRIDGE AUDIO D500 CS4327 KSS-213CAMBRIDGE AUDIO D500SE CS4391 KSS-213Cambridge Audio DACMAGIC 2 2 x TDA1305 DACCAMBRIDGE AUDIO S700 SAA7350 DACCARVER SD/A 450 MN6474CARVER TL-3100 LC7881-CCARY AUDIO DESIGN CD-300 PCM63P ? PMD100 Pioneer Stable PlatterCARY AUDIO DESIGN CD-301 SM5872CARY AUDIO DESIGN CD-303 2 x PCM1704U ?PMD100 VAM 1202/12CARY AUDIO DESIGN CD 303/200 2 x PCM1704U-K ?PMD100 V AM 1202 CARY AUDIO DESIGN CD 303/300 2 x PCM1792U DVD-ROM DVS DSL-710ALT CARY AUDIO DESIGN CD 306 4 x PCM1794U SCD-1CARY AUDIO DESIGN CD-308 PCM1704U + HDCD CDM 12CARY AUDIO DESIGN CDP 1 2 x PCM1792 DVD-ROM DVS DSL-710ALT CASEA CEPHEUS CS43122 ?CS8416 DACCASEA CORONA CS4390-KP ?CS8412 DACCAYIN CD-50T PCM1732 KSS-213QCAYIN CDT-15A PCM1732 Philips CDM 12.10CAYIN CDT-17A 2 x PCM1792 Philips V AM 1206CAYIN CDT-23 PCM1792CAYIN VENUS CD-10i PCM1792C.E.C. 530CD2 Y3015C.E.C. 540CD / 640CD LC7880 ? Sanyo SF-P1C.E.C. 680CD LC7881 Sanyo SF-P1C.E.C. 780CD LC7881 ?YM7121R (filter) Sanyo SF-P1CEC CD2100 TDA1305T CEC-Sanyo SF-P1CEC CD3100 PCM67U CEC-Sanyo SF-P1CEC CD3300 PCM1738 CEC-Sanyo SF-P101NCEC CD3300R PCM1796 CEC-Sanyo SF-P101NCEC CD5300 2 x PCM1796CEC DA53 2 x PCM1796 + PCM2906 DACCEC DX71 Mk II 2 x SM5865CM DACCEC TL0 It抯a Transport CEC-Sanyo SF-90CEC TL1 It抯a Transport CEC-Sanyo SF-90CEC TL51XR 2 x PCM1796 CEC-Sanyo SF-P101NCEC TL51XZ SM5865CM CEC-Sanyo SF-P101NCEC TL51Z 4 x PCM1704 ?DF1706 CEC-Sanyo SF-P1CEC TL51Z Mk II SM5865CM CEC-Sanyo SF-P101NCEC TL53Z 2 x PCM1792CEC TL5100Z 2 x PCM1702 ?SM5843AP CEC-Sanyo SF-P1CLASSE AUDIO CDP-1 UltraAnalog D20400 ?PMD100 CDM 12CLASSE AUDIO CDP-1.5 2 x PCM1704 CEC-Sanyo SF-PCLASSE AUDIO CDP.3 2 x PCM1702 ?PMD100 CEC-Sanyo SF-P1CLASSE AUDIO CDP.5 PCM1702 CDM 12.4CLASSE AUDIO CDP-10 2 x PCM1738 Philips V AE 1250CLASSE AUDIO CDP-100 2 x PCM1738 Philips V AE 1250 ProCLASSE AUDIO CDT-1 It抯a Transport CDM 12.4CLASSE AUDIO DAC-1 2 x UltraAnalog D20400A ?PMD100 DACCOMBAK REIMYO DAP-777 JVC ? JCE4315 ? K2 DACCONDOR CD950 YM3020CONSONANCE CD 120 CS4396CONSONANCE Droplet CDP5.0 CS4398 KSS-213 / CDM 12 COPLAND CDA 266 2 x PCM63P ?PMD100 KSS-240ACOPLAND CDA 277 2 x PCM63P ?PMD100 VRDS CMK-4 ?KSS-240A COPLAND CDA 288 4 x PCM63P-K ?PMD100 VRDS CMK-4 ?KSS-240A COPLAND CDA 289 4 x PCM63P ?PMD100 KSS-240A COUNTERPOINT DA10E-AD AD1862N DACCOUNTERPOINT DA10E-BB PCM69P DACCOUNTERPOINT DA10E-CS CS4328 DACCOUNTERPOINT DA10E-UA UltraAnalog D20400 DACCREEK CD42 Mk 2 CS4328CREEK CD43 CS4390 CDM 14 SonyCREEK CD43 Mk 2 CS4396 CDM 12CREEK CD50 CS4396 CDM 12CREEK CD50 Mk 2 CS4396 DVD-ROM DVS DSL-710ACREEK CD53 CS4396 CDM 12CREEK CD60 TDA1541A-S1 ?SAA7220P/B CDM - 4/14CREEK EVO CDP PCM1738 Philips V AM 1201CROWN A VC-9500 AD1864CROWN CD2111R LC7881DBX DX 5 2 x PCM56PDBX DX 900 2 x PCM56P ?SM5804B KSS-152ADENON CDR-1000 AD1855 WriterDENON DA-500 2 x PCM1702-J DACDENON DAP-5500 4 x PCM56P-K ?SM5804D DACDENON DCD-210 2 x PCM56P-L ?CXD2551P KSS-210ADENON DCD-425 PCM1712 KSS-210ADENON DCD-435 PCM1716E KSS-213DENON DCD-460 2 x PCM56P-L KSS-210ADENON DCD-480 2 x PCM61P-L ?SM5840AP KSS-240ADENON DCD-485 PCM1735 KSS-213DENON DCD-500 PCM54 KSS-123 / KSS-152DENON DCD-500AE PCM1791DENON DCD-520 PCM56P ? SM5807FP KSS-150ADENON DCD-560 2 x PCM61 KSS-210ADENON DCD-580 PCM67P KSS-240ADENON DCD-590 PCM61 KSS-240ADENON DCD-595 2 x PCM61PDENON DCD-610 1 x PCM56P-L KSS-210ADENON DCD-615 2 x PCM61P-L KSS-240ADENON DCD-620 2 x PCM61P KSS-210ADENON DCD-625 2 x PCM61P-L ?SM5841 KSS-240ADENON DCD-635 2 x PCM61P-L ?SM5841BP KSS-213BDENON DCD-650F PCM1700PDENON DCD-655 PCM1702 KSS-213DENON DCD-660 2 x PCM61 ?CXD2551 KSS-210ADENON DCD-685 2 x PCM1702 KSS-213DENON DCD-690 PCM61P KSS-240ADENON DCD-695 2 x PCM61P KSS-213DENON DCD-7.5 2 x PCM56P-L ?SM5840CP KSS-240ADENON DCD-700 PCM54HP KSS-123 / KSS-152DENON DCD-700AE PCM1791DENON DCD-715 2 x PCM61P-L ?SM5841BP KSS-240ADENON DCD-725 2 x PCM61P-L KSS-213DENON DCD-735 2 x PCM61P-L ?SM5845AF KSS-213BDENON DCD-755AR 2 x PCM1702 ?SM5845AF KSS-213 DENON DCD-770 2 x PCM61P-L ?SM5840 KSS-240ADENON DCD-800 1 x PCM56P ?SM5807 KSS-152ADENON DCD-810 2 x PCM56P ?SM5807 KSS-150ADENON DCD-815 PCM61P KSS-213DENON DCD-820 2 x PCM56P KSS-150ADENON DCD-825 2 x PCM61P ?SM5841BP KSS-240ADENON DCD-830 2 x PCM56P KSS-150ADENON DCD-860 2 x PCM61P KSS-210ADENON DCD-890 PCM61P KSS-240ADENON DCD-895 2 x PCM61P ?SM5841AP KSS-240ADENON DCD-910 2 x PCM56P ?PD0036 KSS-150ADENON DCD-920 2 x PCM61P KSS-210ADENON DCD-960 2 x PCM61P ?SM5840AP KSS-150ADENON DCD-970 2 x PCM61P-J KSS-240ADENON DCD-980 PCM61P KSS-240ADENON DCD-1000 1 x PCM53JP-V ?CX23035 KSS-123A DENON DCD-1015 2 x PCM61P KSS-240ADENON DCD-1100 PCM53JP-V / PCM54HP ?CX23035 KSS-123A DENON DCD-1130 2 x PCM61P ?SM5840 KSS-150ADENON DCD-1290 2 x AD1860N-D ?SM5840AP KSS-240A DENON DCD-1300 PCM54HP-J ?SM5806P KSS-123ADENON DCD-1400 2 x PCM56P-J KSS-152ADENON DCD-1420 2 x PCM54HP ?SM5813 KSS-150A / KSS-151A DENON DCD-1450AR 2 x PCM1702-L ?SM5845AF Sharp H8147AF DENON DCD-1460 2 x PCM61P-J KSS-150ADENON DCD-1500 2 x PCM54HP-K ?2 x SM5801P KSS-123A DENON DCD-1500 Mk II 2 x PCM56P-J ? SM5807BP KSS-151A DENON DCD-1500AE PCM1791DENON DCD-1510 2 x PCM54HP ? SM5813AP KSS-150ADENON DCD-1515AL 2 x PCM61P KSS-240ADENON DCD-1520 2 x PCM64P ? SM5813AP KSS-151ADENON DCD-1530 2 x PCM61P ?SM5818AP KSS-150ADENON DCD-1550AR 2 x PCM61P ?SM5845AF Sharp H8147AF DENON DCD-1560 2 x PCM1701P ?SM5813AP KSS-151ADENON DCD-1600 2 x PCM56P-J KSS-151ADENON DCD-1610 2 x PCM64P ?SM5803 KSS-151ADENON DCD-1630 2 x PCM1701P ?SM5813 KSS-150ADENON DCD-1650GL 4 x AD1862N-Z - SM5841- SM5828P KSS-150A DENON DCD-1650AR 4 x PCM1702 Sharp H8147AFDENON DCD-1650SR 4 x PCM1704UDENON DCD-1650AE PCM1790 ?SACD SACDDENON DCD-1700 2 x PCM56P-K KSS- 123ADENON DCD-1800 PCM53 Toshiba 4990039006DENON DCD-1800R PCM53JP-V 4990039006 / 4990074003DENON DCD-1880AR PCM61P SharpDENON DCD-2000AE PCM1790 ?SACD SACDDENON DCD-2060 2 x AD1861N KSS-240ADENON DCD-2560 4 x AD1862N-D - SM5840-SM5828P KSS-151A DENON DCD-2560GL 4 x AD1862N-Z - SM5841- SM5828P KSS-150A DENON DCD-2700 4 x PCM1702-J KSS-240ADENON DCD-2880AR 4 x PCM1702 Sharp H8147AFDENON DCD-3000 4 x PCM1702-J ?SM5845 KSS-240ADENON DCD-3300 2 x PCM56P-K ?SM5804D KSS-123ADENON DCD-3500G 2 x PCM64P ?SM5813 KSS-151ADENON DCD-3500RG 4 x PCM58P-K ?SM5803AP KSS-151A DENON DCD-3520 2 x PCM64P KSS-151ADENON DCD-3560 4 x PCM58P-K ?SM5803AP KSS-151ADENON DCD-S1 4 x PCM1702-K KSS-151ADENON DCD-S10 4 x PCM1702-J ?SM5845AF KSS-240ADENON DCD-S10 Mk II 4 x PCM1702-J Sharp H8147AFDENON DCD-S10 Mk III 4 x PCM1704 + HDCD Sharp H8147AF DENON DCD-SA1 2 x PCM1792 ?SACD SACDDENON DCM-270 PCM1716E KSS-213CDENON DCM-280 PCM1748DENON RCD-100 PCM1710DENON UCD-F1 2 x PCM61 KSS-240ADENON UCD-F10 PCM61 KSS-210ADIATONE DP-1000H 2 x PCM56P-S MLP-4DIORA CD-502 TDA1543 CDM-4DIORA CD-504 TDA1311 CDM 12.1DIORA CD-704 TDA1301 ?SAA7345 CDM 12.1DPA BIGGER BIT TDA1547 (DAC7) DACDPA ENLIGHTENMENT DRIVE It抯a Transport CDM12.1DPA LITTLE BIT SAA7350 ?YM3414 ?YM3623B DACDPA PDM 1 SAA7320 DACDPA PDM 1.2 SAA7322 DACDPA PDM 1.3 SAA7350 DACDPA PDM 2 2 x TDA1547 ?SAA7350 DACDPA T1 It抯a Transport CDM-4/19DUAL CD20 PCM53 KSS-123ADUAL CD40 TD6705AP ?TC9179FDUAL CD41 CX20017 KSS-123ADUAL CD100 2 x AD1861N / PCM61P ?YM3433 KSS-210ADUAL CD115 MN6471M / MN6474A KSS-210ADUAL CD120 PCM53JG-V ?HD61902DUAL CD130 PCM53JG-V ?TM5001 (HD61902)DUAL CD135 MN6471M / MN6474A KSS-210ADUAL CD1050RC 2 x AD1856N KSS-150ADUAL CD1080 MN6471 / MN6474 KSS-150A / KSS-210ADUAL CD5070 1 x PCM56P-J ? CXD1130Q Sanyo SF-88DUAL CD5150 TDA1541A ?SAA7220P/B CDM-4/19DUGOOD BOUNDLESS 4 x PCM1702 ?DF1704 V AM 1201DUGOOD DAC-3 AK4394VF DACDUGOOD GLORY YEAR TDA1541A ?SAA7220 V AM 1201DUGOOD NEW CENTURY AK4394 PhilipsEAD CD-1000 2 x PCM63P-K ?DF1700P Pioneer Stable PlatterEAD DSP-1000 SERIES II 2 x PCM63P-K DACEAD DSP-1000 SERIES III 2 x PCM63P-K ?PMD100 DACEAD DSP-7000 2 x AD1862N-J ?SM5813AP DACEAD DSP-7000 SERIES II 2 x PCM63P-K ?DF1700P ?CS8412 DACEAD DSP-7000 SERIES III 2 x PCM63P-K ?PMD100 DACEAD T-7000 It抯a Transport Sony KHS-130AEASTSOUND CD-E3 CS4390 CDM 12EASTSOUND CD-E5 CS4390-KP V AM 1202ELECTROCOMPANIET ECC-1 CS4398 PhilipsEMT 981 PROFESSIONAL TDA1541A-S1 (Single Crown) CDM-1 Mk IIEMT 982 PROFESSIONAL TDA1547 (DAC7) CDM-9 ProENSEMBLE DICHRONO DRIVE It抯a Transport TEAC VRDS CMK-3 ENSEMBLE DICHRONO HI-DAC CS4397 DACENSEMBLE DIRONDO DRIVE It抯a Transport Philips CD-Pro 2 (V AM 1254) Entech Number Cruncher 203.2 CS4329-KP ?CS8412-CP DACEntech Number Cruncher 205.2 CS4329-KP ?CS8412-KP DACESTONIA 001 2 x TDA1540P ?SAA7030 CDM-2EXPOSURE CD Player TDA1545A CDM 12.4EXPOSURE CD 2010 PCM1716 KSS-213EXPOSURE CD 3010 2 x PCM1704 KSS-213EXPOSURE CD XXII 2 x PCM1704 SonyEZO FOG STAGE3 AD1853FISHER AD-800 CX20017 4 180T00271FISHER AD-935 LC7881 Sanyo SF-P1FISHER AD-9020 PCM67P ? SM5840 KSS-210AFISHER AD-M700 2 x TDA1540D ?SAA7030FISHER AD-Z1 PCM58P Sanyo SF-P1Forsell Air Reference Air Bearing It抯a Transport CDM-9 ProFUNAI CD 6600 YM3020GAMUT CD1 CS4390GAMUT CD3 PCM1792GRUNDIG CD1 FineArts SAA7341GP CDM 12.1GRUNDIG CD3 FineArts TDA1547 CDM 12.1GRUNDIG CD 30 TDA1540 CDM-0GRUNDIG CD 103 LC7881 Sanyo SF-90GRUNDIG CD 435 LC78816 M ?YM7121C (filter) Hitachi HOP-M3 GRUNDIG CD 660 LC7881 Sanyo SF-90GRUNDIG CD-903 TDA1541A ? SAA7220P/B CDM-2 / CDM-4 GRUNDIG CD-905 JVC ? JCE4302A JVC OPTIMA-5SGRUNDIG CD 1000 FineArts 2 x DAC(TDA1547) ?TDA1307 CDM 12.1 GRUNDIG CD 5500 TDA1543 CDM-4/19GRUNDIG CD 7500 2 x TDA1540D ?SAA7030 CDM-0GRUNDIG CD 7550 2 x TDA1540P ?SAA7030 CDM-1GRUNDIG CD 8100 TDA1541 CDM-2/29GRUNDIG CD 8150 TDA1543 CDM-4/19GRUNDIG CD 8200 TDA1541 CDM-2/10GRUNDIG CD 8400 TDA1541 ? SAA7220P/A CDM-2/10GRUNDIG CD 8400 Mk II TDA1541A ? SAA7220P/B CDM-2 / CDM-4 GRUNDIG CD 9000 TDA1541A CDM-2/29 / CDM-4/11GRUNDIG CD 9009 2 x TDA1541A -S1 ? CXD1244 CDM-1 Mk IIHARMAN KARDON HD200 YM3020HARMAN KARDON HD500 PCM53 KSS-210AHARMAN KARDON HD710 MN6474 SanyoHARMAN KARDON HD720 PCM1710 ?LC78681 Sanyo SF-P101 HARMAN KARDON HD730 SAA7350 ?YM3433 KSS-240AHARMAN KARDON HD740 2 x PCM1702U ?SM5843AP Sanyo SF-P101 HARMAN KARDON HD750 PCM1732U KSS-213CHARMAN KARDON HD755 PCM1732HARMAN KARDON HD760 PCM1702-K ?PMD100 Sanyo HARMAN KARDON HD800 PCM56PHARMAN KARDON HD970 AD1955 DVD-ROM DVS DSL-710A HARMAN KARDON HD7225 MN6474 KSS-150A / KSS-210A HARMAN KARDON HD7300 PCM61 KSS-150AHARMAN KARDON HD7325 MN6474 KSS-150A / KSS-210A HARMAN KARDON HD7400 PCM67 KSS-150AHARMAN KARDON HD7525 4 x PCM61P KSS-210AHARMAN KARDON HD7625 4 x PCM61P ?SM5840 KSS-210A HARMAN KARDON HD7725 4 x PCM61P-K ?SM5840CP KSS-210A HARMAN KARDON FL8350 TDA1305HARMAN KARDON FL8370 PCM1732HARMAN KARDON FL8380 PCM1732HARMAN KARDON FL8550 PCM1702HARMAN KARDON FL8570 PCM61PHELIOS MODEL 1S CS4328 CDM 12.4 - ProHELIOS MODEL 2S CS4328 CDM 12.4 - ProHELIOS MODEL 3S CS4328 CDM 12.4 - ProHELIOS STARGATE CS4328 CDM 12.4 - ProHEYBROOK SIGNA TURE PCM67HI-VI?SOUND CD-01 2 x SM5864AP ?SM5841CS CDM 12High Tech GoldLine CX904 YM3020HITACHI DA-005 1 x PCM54HP-J ?2 x SM5800P Hitachi HOP-M3TR HITACHI DA-006 HA12096NTHITACHI DA-007 HA12096 ?TM6002 (MSM6285)HITACHI DA-009 HA12096NT ?MSM6285HITACHI DA-403 2 x PCM56-L ?CXD1088 Hitachi HOP-M3 HITACHI DA-404D 2 x AD1860N Hitachi HOP-M3HITACHI DA-800 CX20017JADIS JD-1 It抯a Transport CDM-9 ProJAS-AUDIO MUSIK 1.2 PCM1732 KSS-213JOLIDA JD-100A PCM1716E CDM 12.1JVC XL-E900 PCM56P OPTIMA-3JVC XL-V3 PCM53JPJVC XL-V22 PCM54 OPTIMA-2JVC XL-V221 LC7881 OPTIMA-5JVC XL-V242 JVC ? JCE4501 ?CXD2551P (filter) OPTIMA-5SJVC XL-V250BK PCM56 OPTIMA-2JVC XL-V264 MN35500 OPTIMA-6SJVC XL-V300B PCM53JPJVC XL-V311BK MN6471 OPTIMA-4SJVC XL-V450 PCM56 OPTIMA-2JVC XL-V464 MN35500 OPTIMA-6SJVC XL-V1100 2 x PCM54 OPTIMA-1JVC XL-Z555 2 x PCM56P ?SM5807EP ?YM3613B OPTIMA-4SJVC XL-Z1010 2 x PCM56P-J ?YM3414 OPTIMA-4SJVC XL-Z1050 JVC ? JCE4501 JVC OPTIMA-5SKA VENT CD831 PCM1732 Philips V AM 1202KENWOOD DP-3R PCM56P Toshiba TOPH7833KENWOOD DP-7i 礟D6376CX ?PD0060KENWOOD DP-28 TC9268P ?LC78681E T25-0032-08KENWOOD DP-47 TD6720N KSS-152AKENWOOD DP-460 TD6709NKENWOOD DP-700 TD6705AP Toshiba OPH-32KENWOOD DP-850 CX20152KENWOOD DP-880SG 2 x PCM56P X92122003KENWOOD DP-990SG 2 x PCM56P-K Kenwood Metallic J91-0341 KENWOOD DP-1000 CX20152 ?CX23035 MLP-3CKENWOOD DP-1001G TDA1547 (DAC7)KENWOOD DP-1060 TC9268P ?LC78681 Sharp H8136AKENWOOD DP-1080 LC78620E T25-0051-05KENWOOD DP-1100 CX20017 Toshiba OPH-32KENWOOD DP-1100D CX20152KENWOOD DP-1100SG 2 x PCM56P -K Kenwood Metallic J91-0341 KENWOOD DP-1510 2 x PCM56-L ?SM5807 KSS-150A / KSS-210A KENWOOD DP-2000 CX20152 MLP-3CKENWOOD DP-2010 PCM56P KSS-210AKENWOOD DP-2060 TC9268P Sharp H8136KENWOOD DP-2080 LC78620E (LC78820) Sharp H8151AFKENWOOD DP-3000 PCM56P -KKENWOOD DP-3010 2 x PCM56P -L ? PD0036 KSS-210AKENWOOD DP-3060 SM5872BS KSS-240AKENWOOD DP-3080 SM5864 ?SM5841 KSS-240A / T25-0010-05 KENWOOD DP-3080 Mk II Kenwood KAN-03 ?CXD2507AQ Sharp KCP1H KENWOOD DP-3090 Kenwood KAN-03 ?CXD2507AQ Sharp KCP1H KENWOOD DP-3300-D 2 x PCM56P-K ?SM5804BKENWOOD DP-4090 Kenwood KAN-03 ?CXD2507AQ Sharp KCP1H KENWOOD DP-5010 2 x PCM56P ?SM5813AP KSS-210AKENWOOD DP-5020 2 x PCM1701P ?SM5818AP KSS-210A KENWOOD DP-5040 CXD2552Q KSS-210AKENWOOD DP-5050 SAA7350KENWOOD DP-5060 SM5864AP ?SM5841AP KSS-240AKENWOOD DP-5090 KAN- 05 (MN35502) ? SM5843AS Sharp KCP1H KENWOOD DP-6020 2 x PCM1701P ?SM5818AP KSS-150A KENWOOD DP-7010 2 x PCM58P ?SM5813AP KSS-150AKENWOOD DP-7020 2 x PCM1701P ?SM5813AP KSS-150AKENWOOD DP-7030 CXD2552Q ?SM5840CP ?SM5827 KSS-210A KENWOOD DP-7040 CXD2552Q ?SM5840CP KSS-210AKENWOOD DP-7050 TDA1547 (DAC7) ?SM5840CP KSS-210AKENWOOD DP-7060 TDA1547 (DAC7) ?SM5843AP KSS-240A KENWOOD DP-7090 8 x PCM1702 ?SM5843 T25-0041-05 - KSS213 KENWOOD DP-8010 2 x PCM58P ?SM5813AP DLBA2Z002A - Magnetic KENWOOD DP-8020 2 x PCM1701P ?SM5813AP KSS-152 - Magnetic KENWOOD DP-X9010 It抯a Transport ?CXD1125Q DLBA2Z002B - Magnetic KENWOOD DPF-1010 CXD2587Q KSS-213CKENWOOD DPF-1030 LC78620E Sharp HPC1LXKENWOOD DPF-2010 CXD2587Q KSS-213CKENWOOD DPF-2030 LC78620E Sharp HPC1LXKENWOOD DPF-3010 Kenwood KAN-03 ?CXD2587Q KSS-213C KENWOOD DPF-3030 AD1855 ?KAN06 KSS-213CKENWOOD DPF-7002 8 x PCM1702 ?SM5843 KSS-213BKENWOOD L-03DP CX890 Toshiba OPH-31KENWOOD L-1000D 2 x CX20152 ?CXD1144 KSS-152 - Magnetic KENWOOD L-D1 TDA1547 (DAC7) Kenwood CDM-21KENWOOD LVD-Z1 TDA1547 (DAC7)Kinergetics Research KCD-20 TDA1541A CDM-2/10Kinergetics Research KCD-40 4 x AD1860N-K ?CXD1144 CDM-2 Kinergetics Research KCD-55 Ultra 2 x UltraAnalog D20400A DACKOREA CHINA CD 022 KDA0316LN (Samsung)KOREA HCD 630 Y3015KRELL KAV-250cd 2 x PCM1702 ?PMD100 C.E.C. ?SanyoKRELL KAV-280cd 4 x PCM1704 CDM 12 ProKRELL KAV-300cd 2 x PCM1702-K ?PMD100 VRDS CMK-4 ?KSS-240A KRELL KPS 20i 4 x PCM63P-K ?Motorola XC56002F CDM-9 Pro ( CDM-9/60 ) KRELL KPS 25s 2 x UltraAnalog D20400A - XC56009F JVC EXU-901A KRELL KPS 25sc 4 x PCM1704 ?XC56009F ?PMD100 JVC ProKRELL KPS 28c 4 x PCM1704K ?PMD100 TEAC VRDSKRELL KPS 30i 4 x PCM63P-K ?PMD100 CDM 12 ProKRELL MD-1 It抯a Transport CDM-3KRELL MD-10 It抯a Transport CDM-3 / CDM-4 ProKRELL MD-20 It抯a Transport CDM-1 Mk IIKRELL SACD STANDARD 3 x PCM1738 Philips 5.2 SACDKYOCERA DA-01 2 x TDA1540D ?SAA7030 TAOHSKYOCERA DA-410cx CX20152KYOCERA DA-710cx 2 x PCM56P ?SM5804B KSS-152AKYOCERA DA-910 2 x TDA1540D ?SAA7030 HLPL030010 / HLPL030020LINN CD12 SONDEK 4 x PCM1702-K ?PMD100LINN GENKI PCM1732 CDM 12LINN MIMIK CS4328 SonyLINN NUMERIC 2 x PCM63P ?DF1700 DACLINN NUMERIC Mk 3 PCM1702 DACLO?D?DA-404D 2 x AD1860NLO?D?DA-703D 2 x PCM56P-J + 2 x PCM56PLO?D?DAD-003 1 x PCM54HP-J ?2 x SM5800P HitachiLO?D?DAD-800 PCM53JG-V ? TM5001 (HD61902H) LOEWE CD9000 2 x TDA1540D ?SAA7030 CDM-0LUXMAN D 007a It抯a Transport ?CXD1135QZ KSS-152A LUXMAN D-102 TD6709N Toshiba OPH-32LUXMAN D-103U 2 x PCM1701P KSS-152ALUXMAN D-105 TD6705APLUXMAN D-105U 2 x PCM1701P ?SM5813AP KSS-152A LUXMAN D-107U 2 x AD1860 ?SM5813AP KSS-152A LUXMAN D-109 1 x PCM56P-J Sony BU-1CLUXMAN D-112 1 x PCM56LUXMAN D-322 2 x PCM61P ?SM5841AP KSS-240A LUXMAN D-373 AD1864N-JLUXMAN D-404 TD6705APLUXMAN D-500 2 x PCM1701P CDM-3LUXMAN D-500X抯II TDA1541A-S1 (Single Crown) CDM-3 LUXMAN DX-104 CX890 Toshiba OPH-31LUXMAN DZ-03 2 x PCM1701P KSS-152ALUXMAN DZ-92 LC7881LUXMAN DZ-112 2 x PCM1701P ?SM5813 KSS-152AMAGNA VOX CDB465 TDA1541 CDM-2MAGNA VOX CDB560 TDA1541MAGNA VOX CDB650 TDA1541 CDM-2MAGNA VOX?FD-1000 2 x TDA1540D CDM-0MAGNA VOX?FD-1010 2 x TDA1540D CDM-0MAGNA VOX?FD-1040 2 x TDA1540P ?SAA7030 CDM-1 MAGNA VOX?FD-2000 2 x TDA1540D ?SAA7030 CDM-0 MAGNA VOX?FD-2020 2 x TDA1540D ?SAA7030 CDM-0 MAGNA VOX?FD-2040 2 x TDA1540P ?SAA7030 CDM-1 MAGNA VOX?FD-2041 2 x TDA1540P ?SAA7030 CDM-2 MAGNA VOX?FD-3000 2 x TDA1540D ?SAA7030 CDM-0 MAGNA VOX?FD-3030 2 x TDA1540D ?SAA7030 CDM-0 MAGNA VOX?FD-3040 2 x TDA1540P ?SAA7030 CDM-1 MANLEY A TO D CONVERTER 2 x UltraAnalog D20400A DAC MANLEY DELTA SIGMA DAC CS4328-KP ?CS8412 DAC MANLEY JUNIOR 20 Bit DAC 1 x UltraAnalog D20400A DAC MANLEY Reference 20 Bit DAC 2 x UltraAnalog D20400A DAC MANLEY W A VE 2 x UltraAnalog D20400A DACMANLEY W A VE 24 Bit 2 x PCM1704 DACMARANTZ CD-5L 1 x TDA1541 ?SAA7220P/A CDM-2/10MARANTZ CD-7 2 x TDA1541A-S2 (Double Crown) Philips CD-Pro (V AM 1252) MARANTZ CD-10 2 x TDA1547 CDM-4/36MDMARANTZ CD-11 LE TDA1547 CDM-4 /D36MARANTZ CD-11 Mk II 2 x TDA1547 CDM-4/D36MARANTZ CD-12 TDA1541A-S1 (Double Crown) CDM-1MARANTZ CD-14 2 x TDA1547 ?TDA1307 CDM 12.3MARANTZ CD-15 2 x TDA1547 CDM-4-MDMARANTZ CD-16 / CD-16SE 2 x TDA1547 ?SM5803APT CDM-4 - Metallic MARANTZ CD-16D TDA1547 V AM 1201MARANTZ CD-17 1 x TDA1547 ?SM5841 - SAA7350 CDM 12.3MARANTZ CD-17 Mk II TDA1547 ? SM5841 - SAA7350 CDM 12.3 MARANTZ CD-17 Mk III 2 x PCM1716E V AM 1201MARANTZ CD-19 2 x SM5872BS CDM 12MARANTZ CD-23 2 x TDA1547 (DAC7) CDM-9 ProMARANTZ CD-25 2 x TDA1540 CDM-2MARANTZ CD-32 SAA7350 CDM - 4MARANTZ CD-34 2 x TDA1540P - SAA7030 CDM-1MARANTZ CD-38 TDA1545 CDM 12.1MARANTZ CD-40 TDA1541A CDM-4/19MARANTZ CD-42 SAA7350 CDM - 4MARANTZ CD-42 Mk II SM5872BS CDM-4MARANTZ CD-43 1 x SM5872BS CDM 12.1/05MARANTZ CD-44 2 x TDA1540 CDM-1MARANTZ CD-45 2 x TDA1540P - SAA7030 CDM-2/29MARANTZ CD-46 TDA1545A ?SAA7345GP CDM 12.1MARANTZ CD-48 TDA1549 CDM 12.1MARANTZ CD-50 TDA1541A ? SAA7220P/B CDM-4/CompositeMARANTZ CD-52 SAA7321GP ?SM5840 CDM-4MARANTZ CD-52 Mk II SAA7350 CDM-4MARANTZ CD-52SE SAA7350 CDM-4MARANTZ CD-53 1 x SM5872BS CDM 12.1MARANTZ CD-54 2 x TDA1540D - SAA7030 CDM-1MARANTZ CD-56 TDA1541 ?SAA7220P/A CDM-2/10 / CDM-4 /25 MARANTZ CD-60 TDA1541A CDM-4/19MARANTZ CD-62 SAA7350 CDM-4MARANTZ CD-63 Japan Old 2 x TDA1540D CDM-0MARANTZ CD-63 1 x SM5872BS CDM 12.1MARANTZ CD-63 II SM5872BS CDM 12.3MARANTZ CD-63 Mk II KI SM5872BS CDM 12.3MARANTZ CD-63SE SM5872BS CDM 12.3MARANTZ CD-65 TDA1541 CDM-2MARANTZ CD-65 DX TDA1541 ? SAA7220A-SAA7210P CDM-4 /11。
艺术本科C批-理工
艺术类(理科)本科C批(专业采用校考成绩,且上省本专业统考合格线和省定文考分数线,未公布计划的院校,考生可咨询院校后报考)音乐类院校院校计划学学费代码 (专业) 名称数制(元/年) 1005 福建师范大学 4(福州市)07 音乐表演 3 四 8000注:其中单簧管1 ,圆号2。
08 音乐表演 1 四 8000注:其中长笛1。
招生章程网址: 5086 南昌大学 2(南昌市)01 音乐学(声乐) 1 四 1200002 音乐学(器乐) 1 四 12000招生章程网址: 5129 首都师范大学(北京市)02 音乐学四 8000(师范、作曲、指挥和表演)注:(文、理共招1名,请考生咨询该院校后再报考)03 录音艺术四 10000注:(文、理共招1名,请考生咨询该院校后再报考)招生章程网址:/admissio n/zbfl.asp 6014 百色学院 2(百色市)01 音乐表演(民俗文化艺 2 四 6000术表演)招生章程网址: 6016 宝鸡文理学院 2(宝鸡市)01 音乐学 2 四 7000招生章程网址:/zsw 6037 长江大学 2(荆州市)01 音乐学(师范类) 1 四 9000注:文理兼收,学费标准以物价部门核定为准。
02 音乐表演(含声乐表演 1 四 9000、钢琴表演器乐表演和计算机作曲与制作)注:文理兼收,学费标准以物价部门核定为准。
招生章程网址:/ 6112 河池学院 3(宜州市)01 音乐学 2 四 690002 音乐表演 1 四 6900招生章程网址:/zsbb/ 6120 河南师范大学 5(新乡市)01 音乐学(师范类) 5 四 5700招生章程网址: 6122 贺州学院 1(贺州市)01 音乐学(音乐表演) 1 四 6000招生章程网址: 6138 湖南城市学院 8(益阳市)01 音乐学 7 四 600002 音乐表演 1 四 8000招生章程网址: 6147 湖南文理学院 2(常德市)01 音乐学(师范类) 2 四 6000注:最终收费标准以2010年湖南省物价局核定的为准。
小谈JITTER
小谈JITTER数字音频的基本原理就是把连续的模拟信号在离散的时间点上进行采样(Sampling),进而形成数字化的信息。
时间是信号数字化的最重要的因素之一,采样和重放的时间准确度在很大程度上决定了模拟-数字转换(ADC)以及数字-模拟转换(DAC)的质量。
什么是jitter?时间准确度可以分为两类:长期准确度和短期准确度。
长期准确度是指时钟频率偏离绝对值的多少,一般用ppm(百万分之多少)来表示。
石英晶体振荡器可以很容易地达到几十pp m到1个ppm以下的准确度。
长期准确度对声音不会造成可闻的影响。
短期准确度也就是抖动(jitter),它是一种时钟相位瞬态的变化,如图所示:Jitter的测量一般使用真实时钟信号抖动的时间来衡量,一般用到的单位是ps(10的负12次方秒)或ns(10的负9次方秒)。
测试的指标还可以详细分为周期抖动(Period jitter)和绝对抖动(Absolute jitter)。
Jitter的影响Jitter制造出数字音频信号的失真。
一个简单的固定频率正弦波jitter(频率是Fj)会在一个正弦波音频信号(频率是Fa)中加入两个失真信号,其频率分别是Fa-Fj和Fa+Fj。
下图描述了一个10khz的音频信号在一个1khz jitter的作用下,生成了9khz和11khz的失真(边带)信号。
如果这个jitter信号的频谱从1khz到4khz平均分布,那么就会造成一个更宽频谱的失真信号:上述的单频和广谱jitter是与音乐信号无关的。
如果jitter与音乐信号相关,就会制造出很多的高次谐波失真。
下图描述了一个2khz的信号,jitter被信号的MSB调制所带来的高次谐波失真。
Jitter的频谱是一个非常复杂的问题。
同样大小的jitter,如果频谱是不同的,则会对声音带来不一样的影响,但是关于这个话题,能找到的资料不是很多。
Jitter的大小究竟多少Jitter才是我们能接受的呢?在上述的单频jitter模型中,jitter造成的失真大小为:Rj=20log((3.1416*J*Fa)/2)其中J是jitter的大小,单位是秒,Fa是音频信号的频率,计算出的Rj就是失真信号的分贝(db)。
昂盛达 ASD968 综合测试仪 用户手册说明书
产品要测试就找昂盛达用户手册ASD968多协议多通道多功能可编程综合测试设备©版权归属于昂盛达电子股份有限公司Ver2.0/Apr,2021/ASD968注意事项◆感谢您购买和使用我司产品!本用户手册适用于ASD968综合测试仪产品。
在使用前,请认真阅读本手册。
◆收到产品后请仔细检查产品外观、型号、合格证、用户手册及保修单等附件是否齐全。
若有问题请及时与经销商或我司联系;若发现产品外观破损,请勿通电使用,以免引发触电事故。
◆在使用过程中请严格遵守各项安全规范,若忽视或不遵守相关规范进行操作,将可能影响仪器性能,导致仪器损坏,甚至危及人身安全。
对不遵守安全规范而导致的任何后果,我司不予承担。
◆非专业人员请勿打开机箱,请勿擅自对仪器内部电路及元件进行更换或调整。
◆请在安全环境下使用,在通电前请确认输入电源的参数是否符合要求。
◆本手册所描述的可能并非产品的全部内容。
我司有权对本产品的性能、功能、内部结构、外观、附件等进行更改,对用户手册进行更新而不另行通知。
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◆客服电话:400-1656-165目录第一章验货安装........................................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。
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AD公司DDS芯片选型
概述随着微电子技术的飞速发展,目前高性能的DDS产品不断推出,主要有AD、Qualcomm、Sciteg和Stanford等公司单片电路。
Qualcomm公司推出了DDS系列:Q2220、Q2230、Q2334、Q2240、Q2368,其中Q2368的时钟频率为130MHz,分辨率为0.03Hz;美国AD公司也相继推出了他们的DDS系列:AD59*系列;AD983*系列;AD9850、AD9851、可以实现线性调频的AD9852、两路正交输出的AD9854;面向测试与测量设备、无线基站以及安全通信设备等应用的AD9912;低功耗、低成本的AD9913;AD995*系列,具有低功耗,时钟速率400MHz、集成的14位DAC、片上RAM、相位补偿、幅度控制和多芯片同步等功能,AD9951、带高速比较器的AD9952、带RAM允许非线性相位/频率扫描的AD9953;有内置高速比较器、RAM和自动线性频率扫描的AD9954、两路直接数字合成器件AD9958、四路直接数字合成)器件AD9959。
以及DDS为核心的QPSK调制器AD9853、数字上变频器AD9856和AD9857。
AD公司的DDS系列产品以其较高的性能价格比,目前得到了极为广泛的应用应用。
AD公司DDS芯片选型表1 DDS 原理简介直接数字频率合成(DDS )是从相位概念出发直接合成所需波形的一种频率合成技术。
一个典型的直接数字频率合成器由相位累加器、加法器、波形存储ROM 、D/A 转换器和低通滤波器(LPF )构成。
DDS 的原理框图如图1所示。
图1 DDS 原理框图其中K 为频率控制字、P 为相位控制字、c f 为参考时钟频率、N 为相位累加器的字长、D 为ROM 数据位及D/A 转换器的字长。
相位累加器在时钟c f 的控制下以步长K 作累加,输出的N 位二进制码与相位控制字P 相加后作为波形ROM 的地址,对波形ROM 进行寻址,波形ROM 输出D 位的幅度码S(n)经D/A 转换器变成阶梯波S(t),再经过低通滤波器平滑后就可以得到合成的信号波形。
AD转换电路设计之高精度AD采集系统
软件
0.001
VSY = ±13V LOAD = 100kΩ GAIN = +1
8V p-p INPUT
设置并测试
从ADI网站的AD7988-1产品页面下载10引脚PulSAR软件,
1V p-p INPUT
THD + NOISE (%)
并使用UG-340用户指南中的安装指南进行安装。其测量配 置的功能框图如图5所示。 将9 V壁式电源连接至评估板电源引脚。若要测量频率响应, 设备应按图5所示进行连接。将Audio Precision SYS-2522信号 发生器设置为1 kHz频率和5 V p-p正弦波,并具有2.5 V直流 漂移。使用评估板软件记录数据。软件分析是评估板软件
REF 3 IN+
VDD
VIO
AD7988-1
ADC
4
SDK 8 SDO 7 CNV 6 3-WIRE INTERFACE
11095-001
49.9Ω VSS = –2.5V
IN–
GND
5
图1. 使用AD8641低功耗放大器驱动AD7988-1 ADC的系统电路图(原理示意图:未显示所有连接)
Rev. A
图2. 使用AD8641放大器驱动AD7988-1的系统电路性能
Rev. A | Page 2 of 4
11095-002
CN-0306
图3显示系统总谐波失真(THD)以及信噪比(SNR)如何随着 输入频率超过~1 kHz而下降。这是由于放大器失真导致的, 可从图 4中的总谐波失真加噪声 (THD+N)与频率的关系曲 线看出。
性能结果
本电路的目的是在最高1 kHz的给定输入频率范围、100 kSPS 的采样速率情况下,以尽可能最低的ADC驱动器功耗水平 提供良好的交流性能。图2显示1 kHz输入信号下的电路性 能 FFT 图。信噪比 (SNR) 为 88.5 dB ,总谐波失真 (THD) 为 −103 dB。相比91 dB的规格,AD7988-1信噪比(SNR)下降的 主要原因是AD8641具有比ADA4841-1的2 nV/√Hz更高的噪 声,为28 nV/√Hz。总系统功耗为7.35 mW,其中:ADC为 0.7 mW,放大器为2 mW,基准电压源为4.65 mW。这说明 相对于ADA4841-1的12 mW,它可降低58%的功耗,总系统 功耗为17.35 mW。
[声卡]ad1881电路图
AN153 Compatibility Between CS4299 and AD1881INTRODUCTIONThis application note will discuss the problems and possible solutions that are associated with populat-ing a CS4299 into a socket designed for the AD1881. Although the AC’97 spec recommends a standard pinout for all AC’97 compliant codecs, there are subtle differences in the value and hookup of external components that can cause non-interop-erability between AC’97 codecs from different manufacturers. The following concerns are of par-ticular interest for customers considering using a CS4299 instead of an AD1881.1. Reference CapacitorsAD1881 requires 10 µF + 0.1 µF caps on pin 27 (called Vref) while the CS4299 requires 1 µF + 0.1µF caps on pin 27 (called REFFLT). If a CS4299 is populated into an AD1881 socket, the Crystal part's reference would charge ten times slower than intended and the part might fail calibration or finish calibration with considerable offsets remaining in the analog path and converters.Depending on layout it may be possible to exchange the 10 µF cap for a 1 µF cap with similar footprint. In particular, if the original design uses a 10 µF surface mount tantalum cap (Panasonic® TE series, size code Y) it is easily replaced with a 1206 surface mount ce-ramic cap (PHILIPS® 12062F105M8BB0 or KEMET C1206C105M8VAC).2. Vrefout BufferingThe AD1881 is designed to source up to 5 mA from Vrefout. Some systems use this feature to supply the microphone bias directly from Vrefout. The CS4299 on the other hand can only source about 100 nA from Vrefout. This is sufficient to bias ex-ternal op-amps, but running the mic bias off of Vrefout on a CS4299 will drain the internal refer-ence and prevent the reference from charging to its nominal level. Consequently, the REF bit in regis-ter 26h will not be set which in turn will signal an error condition to the controller. Any external loading on Vrefout must be buffered on the CS4299. There’s no easy workaround for designs that load Vrefout.3. AFLT CapacitorsThe AFLT caps are spec’ed at 270 pF/NPO for the AD1881 and at 1000 pF/NPO for the CS4299. Running the CS4299 with the 270 pF/NPO caps on AFLT will result in somewhat higher distortion and lower dynamic range on the ADC’s, but probably still be acceptable.These caps are easily interchangable since the larg-er cap is available in the same footprint as the smaller one and a replacement is recommended. If a surface mount ceramic cap (any manufacturer, size code 0805) was used originally, replace with KEMET® C0805C102J5GAC.4. 3D CapacitorsTo complete the 3D circuitry, the AD1881 requiresa 100 nF cap between pins 33 (called CX3D) and34 (called RX3D). In addition, the AD1881 re-quires a 47 nF cap between pin 34 and AGND. Furthermore, the AD1881 requires 1 µF/ELEC caps from pins 32 (called FILT_L) and 31 (called FILT_R) to AGND. The CS4299 on the other hand requires a 1000 pF cap between pins 33 (called FLTI) and 34 (called FLTO), as well as a 0.01 µF cap from pin 32 (called FLT3D) to AGND. Be-cause of the vastly different cap values and connec-tivity, dropping a CS4299 into an AD1881 socket will almost certainly render the 3D feature on theJUN ‘99Copyright © Cirrus Logic, Inc. 1999CS4299 useless. It should however be possible to change an existing socket to accept a CS4299 by:•replacing the 100 nF cap between pins 33 and34 with a 1000 pF cap, if a surface mount ce-ramic cap (any manufacturer, size code 0805) was used originally, replace with KEMET C0805C102J5GAC•removing the 47 nF cap between pin 34 and AGND,•replacing the 1 µF cap between pin 32 and AGND with a 0.01 µF cap, if a surface mount tantalum cap (Panasonic TE series, size code Y) was used originally, replace with KEMET C1206C103K5RAC•removing the 1 µF cap between pin 31 and AGND.5. Output Filtering CapacitorsFinally, the AD1881 doesn't require external filter caps on the analog outputs. The CS4299 spec's 680pF to 1000 pF caps from all used analog out-puts to AGND. Since the corresponding pads do not exist on an AD1881 socket it will be hard to add these caps after the fact. The CS4299 will still function properly without these caps, but out of band energy from the DAC modulators will in-crease on the analog outputs. This could cause dis-tortion on the amplifiers of the following stage if they cannot slew fast enough to keep up with the high frequency components in the analog output. This may or may not be acceptable and requires tests on the part of the vendor.ADDENDUMA schematic as well as gerber drawings have been included that show how to accommodate both de-vices in a single layout. They may be used as a guideline for designs that wish to be compatible with both, the CS4299 and the AD1881.Contacting Cirrus Logic SupportFor a complete listing of Direct Sales, Distributor, and Sales Representative contacts, visit the Cirrus Logic web site at: /corporate/contacts/PANASONIC is a registered trademark of Matsushita Electric Industrial Company, Ltd.PHILIPS is a registered trademark of Philips ElectronicsKEMET is a registered trademark KEMET Electronics CorporationPreliminary product information describes products which are in production, but for which full characterization data is not yet available. Advance product infor-mation describes products which are in development and subject to development changes. Cirrus Logic, Inc. has made best efforts to ensure that the information contained in this document is accurate and reliable. However, the information is subject to change without notice and is provid ed “AS IS” without warranty of any kind (express or implied). No responsibility is assumed by Cirrus Logic, Inc. for the use of this information, nor for infringements of patents or other rights of third parties. This document is the property of Cirrus Logic, Inc. and implies no license under patents, copyrights, trademarks, or trade secrets. No part of this publication may be copied, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photographic, or otherwise) without the prior written consent of Cirrus Logic, Inc. Items from any Cirrus Logic website or disk may be printed for use by the user. However, no part of the printout or electronic files may be copied, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photographic, or otherwise) without the prior written consent of Cirrus Logic, Inc.Furthermore, no part of this publication may be used as a basis for manufacture or sale of any items without the prior written consent of Cirrus Logic, Inc. The names of products of Cirrus Logic, Inc. or other vendors and suppliers appearing in this document may be trademarks or service marks of their respective owners which may be registered in some jurisdictions. A list of Cirrus Logic, Inc. trade-marks and service marks can be found at .Figure 1. SchematicsFigure 2. AssemblyFigure 4. Bottom Layer• Notes •。
频谱分析仪模拟式
2011年电子设计竞赛暑期培训试题频谱分析仪(仪器仪表类)作者: 辅导教师:摘 要本系统是采用外差式原理设计并实现的频谱分析仪。
系统实现功能为在输入信号幅值为205mV mV 时对其频率测量范围为10~20MHz 的信号进行频谱分析,信号经前置放大器AD603处理,与利用DDS 芯片(AD9850)信号合成技术和倍频来获得10KHz 步进的扫频信号相乘,用AD835做混频器,通过滤波器取出各个频点的值,再进行放大、有效值转换、AD 采样送至ATmega16单片机处理并由LCD320*240的大显示频谱图及其相关参数。
关键字:频谱分析仪 混频 DDS 滤波 有效值转换1.系统方案选择和论证1.1 方案论证与选择方案一:快速傅里叶变换(FFT )。
这种频谱分析仪采用数字方案直接由模数转换器对输入信号采样,再经过FFT 变换处理后获得频谱分布图。
它的频率范围受到ADC 采样速率的FFT 的运算速度的限制。
为获得良好的一起线性度和分辨率,ADC 的采样速率至少为输入信号的两倍。
对FFT 运算器件也有很高的要求,一般采用数字信号处理器件(DSP )。
这种方法的优点是硬件电路简洁,主要依靠软件运算,可以提高分辨率,但是高速AD 和高速FFT 运算器件,价格昂贵。
方案二:扫频法。
这种频谱分析仪采用外差原理,由本机振荡器产生一定步进频率的扫频信号与输入信号相乘,然后由适当的滤波器将差频分量滤出以代表相应频点的幅度。
这种方法的特点是扫频范围大,较数字方法成本较低廉,但是这种方法对硬件电路要求高,各个模块的性能需要精心设计,整体调试难度大。
根据现有的水平的成本上考虑,我们采用方案二实现频谱分析仪的设计。
1.2系统基本方案系统设计基本框图如图1所示:图1 系统设计基本框图1.3各模块方案选择与论证(1)前置放大器基于对前置放大器增益带宽积的考虑:因为输入信号频率为10MHz ~20MHz ,峰峰值为205mV mV ,而混频器的输入要求信号峰峰值为1V ,故需要前置放大器将输入信号放大2934dB 。
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Input Signal
1.000 kHz, 0 dBFS
Measurement Bandwidth Word Width
20 to fS_OUT/2 Hz 24 Bits
Load Capacitance
50 pF
Input Voltage High
2.4 V
Input Voltage Low
0.8 V
The AD1896 has a 3-wire interface for the serial input and output ports that supports left-justified, I2S, and right-justified (16-, 18-, 20-, 24-bit) modes. Additionally, the serial output
AD1896
FSOUT FSIN
FIR FILTER
SERIAL OUTPUT
SDATA_O SCLK_O LRCLK_O
TDM_IN
SMODE_O_0 SMODE_O_1Leabharlann CLOCK DIVIDER
ROM
WLNGTH_O_0 WLNGTH_O_1
MCLK_I MSMODE_0 MSMODE_2 MCLK_O MSMODE_1
APPLICATIONS Home Theater Systems, Studio Digital Mixers,
Automotive Audio Systems, DVD, Set-Top Boxes, Digital Audio Effects Processors, Studio-to-Transmitter Links, Digital Audio Broadcast Equipment, DigitalTape Varispeed Applications
(A-Weighted, 20 Hz–20 kHz BW) Up to –133 dB THD + N Linear Phase FIR Filter Hardware Controllable Soft Mute Supports 256 ؋ fS, 512 ؋ fS, or 768 ؋ fS Master
port supports TDM mode for daisy-chaining multiple AD1896s to a digital signal processor. The serial output data is dithered down to 20, 18, or 16 bits when 20-, 18-, or 16-bit output data is selected. The AD1896 sample rate converts the data from the serial input port to the sample rate of the serial output port. The sample rate at the serial input port can be asynchronous with respect to the output sample rate of the output serial port. The master clock to the AD1896, MCLK, can be asynchronous to both the serial input and output ports.
a
192 kHz Stereo Asynchronous Sample Rate Converter
AD1896*
FEATURES Automatically Senses Sample Frequencies No Programming Required Attenuates Sample Clock Jitter 3.3 V–5 V Input and 3.3 V Core Supply Voltages Accepts 16-/18-/20-/24-Bit Data Up to 192 kHz Sample Rate Input/Output Sample Ratios from 7.75:1 to 1:8 Bypass Mode Multiple AD1896 TDM Daisy-Chain Mode Multiple AD1896 Matched-Phase Mode 142 dB Signal-to-Noise and Dynamic Range
*Patents pending.
REV. A
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective companies.
Mode Clock Flexible 3-Wire Serial Data Port with Left-Justified,
I2S, Right-Justified (16-,18-, 20-, 24-Bits), and TDM Serial Port Modes Master/Slave Input and Output Modes 28-Lead SSOP Plastic Package
MCLK can be generated either off-chip or on-chip by the AD1896 master clock oscillator. Since MCLK can be asynchronous to the input or output serial ports, a crystal can be used to generate MCLK internally to reduce noise and EMI emissions on the board. When MCLK is synchronous to either the output or input serial port, the AD1896 can be configured in a master mode where MCLK is divided down and used to generate the left/right and bit clocks for the serial port that is synchronous to MCLK. The AD1896 supports master modes of 256 ¥ fS, 512 ¥ fS, and 768 ¥ fS for both input and output serial ports.
Conceptually, the AD1896 interpolates the serial input data by a rate of 220 and samples the interpolated data stream by the output sample rate. In practice, a 64-tap FIR filter with 220 polyphases, a FIFO, a digital servo loop that measures the time difference between the input and output samples within 5 ps, and a digital circuit to track the sample rate ratio are used to perform the interpolation and output sampling. Refer to the Theory of Operation section. The digital servo loop and sample rate ratio circuit automatically track the input and output sample rates.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
DIGITAL PERFORMANCE (VDD_CORE = 3.3 V ؎ 5%, VDD_IO = 5.0 V ؎ 10%)
AD1896–SPECIFICATIONS
TEST CONDITIONS, UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.
Supply Voltages
VDD_CORE
3.3 V
VDD_IO
5.0 V or 3.3 V
Ambient Temperature
25°C
Input Clock
30.0 MHz
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
GRPDLYS RESET VDD_IO VDD_CORE
MUTE_I
SDATA_I SCLK_I LRCLK_I
SMODE_IN_0 SMODE_IN_1 SMODE_IN_2
BYPASS
MUTE_O
SERIAL INPUT
FIFO
DIGITAL PLL