1 the study of administration

制定法律
政治批判；党派评论 n.康乐,安康;福利
Part1: p8
• principally
• popular sovereignty • enthrone
adv. 主要地
人民的主权（统治权） vt. 使(国王、女王或主教)登基, 即位
• reign
• expertness • reason • axiom • fellowcitizens • makeshift • apotheosis
n特许权；获特许权的企业或机构
国民同意 n 政治组织；国家组织；政治；政体
Part1: p5
• aristocratic
adj 贵族的；贵族气派的
• a polity of aristocratic privilege
• absolute government • despotic
一个贵族享有特权的政体
联邦政府 adj 不偏不倚的；公正的；中立的 n 办公室 adv 到目前为止
• highly centralized
• highly decentralized • bureaucratic fever
高度集权
高度分权 官僚主义狂热
• franchise
• popular assent • polity
– 2.2 The establishment of administration science and its Americanization • 2.2.1 The place of first establishment: France and Germany • 2.2.2 Why did it need to be Americanization? • 2.2.3 The successful cases of administration study and reformation in Europe
The Study of Administration
By Woodrow Wilson
COURSE: Specialized English for Public Administration (SEPA)
Content
• • Part 1: Professional Words and Terms Part 2：Reading Comprehension of this paper
• despot • satrap • superintendence • per diem • postal service • authority state
宪政原则
n 暴君 n [C] 总督 n [U]管理；监督；主管 n 按日给出津贴；出差津贴 邮政服务 州政府
Part1: p4
• federal government • impartial • bureaux • hitherto
报考者apparatusn尤指政党或政府的机构组织civilservants一支文官队伍appropriatehierarchy适当的级别characteristicdiscipline特有的纪律semicorporate半社团的bigotedofficialism偏执的文牍主义式的卑劣行径officialismn
adj.爱国的，有爱国心的 n.事先形成的观点或思想，先入之见 n.胡椒子，微不足道的东西 坚定的（政治信仰） n.试金石，（检验）标准
• doctrinaire
• sanction • conclusive
adj. 教条的，空谈理论的
vt.批准; 认可 adj. 令人信服的，确凿的
• imperial federation
• public revenues
• public debts • vested interests
公共收入
公债 利益集团
Part1: p3
• commercial speculation
• monopoly • the Statute of Laborers
商业投机行为
n 独占；控制 劳工法
• constitutional principle
• bureaucrat
帝国联邦
n.官僚，官僚主义者，官僚作风的人
Part1: p13
• esprit de corps • ingratiate • obeisance • confederation • honorary • honorable • subordination • civil liberty
市政机器
宪政时代 在损失或损坏某事物的情况下 n.成见, 偏见, 歧视 adj.逻辑(上)的, 符合逻辑的 vt. 命令, 裁决; 颁布…为法令
Part1: p7
• unlimited authority
无限权力
• the year Ⅷ
• the Angevin • the Great Charter
共和八年
安茹王朝（1154-1216） n.英国大宪章（1215）
• executive power
• well-ordered • legislative
执行力；行政权力
adj. 秩序井然的 adj. 立法的
• law-making
• political criticism • well-being
• businesslike
• statutory • enactment • hither and thither • jurisdiction • bring to book • meed
adj.事务性的, 有条理的,有效率的
adj.依照法令的, 法定的 n. 演出;展现;规定;通过 到处; 向各处; 忽此忽彼 n.司法权; 裁判权;管辖区域；管辖范围 审查; 盘问; 惩罚某人 n.〈古〉报酬,奖赏
• 2.2.4 The under-developed cases in British and America
• 2.2.5 The basic reasons of underdeveloped situation in British and America
Part2: p3
• 3. The research objectives and contents of administration science – 3.1 Research objectives • The object of administrative study is to rescue executive methods from the confusion and costliness of empirical experiment and set them upon foundations laid deep in stable principle.
– • • 2.1 the establishment of administration science 2.1.1 The original theory: political science 2.1.2 Why did administration science establish?
•
Part2: p2
主权的本质与地位
• the essence and seat of sovereignty
人民的权力，民间力量
• prerogative
• kingly prerogative • controversy
n. 权利；（尤指）特权
君主特权 n [U,C]公开辩论；论战
Part1: p2
• monarchy • democracy • oligarchy • tyranny
• civil service reform • scrutiny • the history of systematic thought • dogmatize
文官制度改革 n. [U]细察；详审 系统思想史 v.教条或武断地表达；论证
• sovereignty
• popular power
n. [U]主权；君权
n.团体精神 vt.讨好，谄媚 n. 服从 n. 结盟；同盟，联邦 adj. 名义上的，诚信的
adj. 可敬的，荣誉的，光荣的
n.下属，隶属关系 n.公民自由
Part2:
Reading Comprehension of this paper
I.
•
outline of this paper
1. Introduction: research necessity, research objectives and research method of administration study 2. Part1: the establishment and development of administration science
公开协商
个人独裁政府 adj. 合情合理的；合法的
• denounce
• the federal supreme court • tenet
vt.公开指责;揭发; 告发
联邦最高法院 n.原则，信条，教义，教条
Part1: p12
• patriotic • preconception • peppercorn • dye in the wool • touchstone
– 3.2 Differences between administration and politics
• 3.2.1 Bluntschli’s opinion;
Part2: p4
– 3.2.2 the distinction between constitutional and administrative questions
n. 任期；当政期
n.专门性 n.理性, 理智 n. 公理；自明之理；格言 市民们，公民们，同胞们 n.权宜之计, 临时代用的物品 n.尊为神圣；神化；美化
Part1: p9
• doctrine
• counting house • unpartisan
n.教条, 教义, 学说
n.会计室,账房,存账室 adj. 无党派性的；无偏见的
Part1: p6
• symmetrical divisions of territory
• the Constituent Assembly • herald
vi 预示
行政区划均匀
制宪会议
• civil machinery
• a constitutional era • at the expense of • prejudice • logical • decree
专制政府 adj 专制暴君的；专横的
• paternal
• remunerative • liberal principles
adj 家长式管制的
adj 付酬的；有利可图的 自由主义原则
• exempt
• general weal • profess
vt 使免除（豁免）
公共福利 vt 声称；宣称；公开表明
• officialism
Part1: p11
• propose
vt.&vi 提议，建议
• permanent officials
• rank and file • perfunctory
Байду номын сангаас
常任文官
普通成员，士兵 adj. 敷衍的，例行公事的；肤浅的
• public counsel
• personal government • legitimate
Part1: p10
• authoritative critic • superintend • candidate • apparatus • a corps of civil servants
权威性批判，权威性评论 vt.管理,监督,主管 n. 申请求职者, 候选人;报考者 n（尤指政党或政府的）机构, 组织 一支文官队伍
n.君主政体；君主制；君主国 n [U]民主；民主政体；民主制度[C]民主国家 n 寡头政治；寡头统治; 寡头统治的国家 n [U]暴政；[C,U]暴君统治的国家
• function
• imperatively • compel
n 作用；功能; 职能；职责
adv.专断地；权威地 vt 使（某人）做某事；强迫
I.
II. • I. II.
Outline of this paper
Questions
Part 3: Translation From English to Chinese. From Chinese to English.
Part 1: Professional Words and Terms
• appropriate hierarchy
• characteristic discipline • semi-corporate
适当的级别
特有的纪律 半社团的
• the meanness of a bigoted officialism
偏执的文牍主义式的卑劣行径
n.官僚作风,官僚习气,官样文章