冠词aan和the用法
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冠词 a、an 和 the 的用法
冠词分不定冠词( The Indefinite Article )和定冠词( The Definite Article )a, an
是不定冠词, the 是定冠词。
an, a 是不定冠词,仅用在单数可数名词前面,表示“一”的意义,但不强调数目观念。
a 用在以辅音(指辅音音素)开头的词前, an 用在以元音(指元素音素)
开头的词前。
a+ 名词单数,表示一个⋯⋯,或者某一⋯⋯,an 一般用于元音字
母开头的单词,作用和 a 一样, the+ 名词表示特指, the+ 形容词,表示一类人或
者事物。
a 和 an 是不定冠词,修饰泛指名词。
只不过以元音开头的名词用 an 修饰
翻译成“一个”。
the 是定冠词,修饰特指名词翻译成“这个”。
冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名
词的含义。
英语中的冠词有三种,一种是定冠词( the Definite Article ),另一种是
不定冠词( the Indefinite Article ),还有一种是零冠词( Zero Article )。
1)不
定冠词在句子中最大的语法功能是:用在可数名词的单数形式前表示泛指--表明一
类人或事物区别于它类。
例: I am a Chinese.我是(一个)中国人。
This is a book.这是(一本)书。
2)为了读音的方便,在以元音音素开头的可数
名词的单数名词前用 an 而不用 a。
当我们使用 an 时,条件有三:①这个名词的读
音必须是以元音音素开头 -- 即它的音标的第一个音素是元音,而不是说它是以元音
字母开头。
②它必须是个可数名词。
③它还必须是个单数名词。
我们常常见到这
类用法:
a university一所大学an hour一个小时
an orange一只桔子an engineer一位工程师
an ordinary man一个普通人
an honest person一位诚实的人
3)定冠词在句子中,既可以用于可数名词前,也可以用于不可数名词前;既用
在可数名词的单数形式前,也用在可数名词的复数形式前。
从表达意义上讲,它既可表达 this, that 之意义,也可表达 these, those 之意义。
例:
This is the very ink I'm going to buy.这正是我要买的那种墨水。
The words on the blackboard are to be learned next time.黑板上的这些单字是
下次课要学的。
不定冠词 a (an) 与数词 one 同源,是 "一个 "的意思。
a 用于辅音音素前,一般读
作 [e] ,而 an 则用于元音音素前,一般读做
1)表示 "一个 ",意为 one ;指某人或某物,意为 a certain 。
2)代表一类人或物。
3)词组或成语。
a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in
a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a
cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden
如果泛指某物 ,用 a,/an, 具体指某物的话,用the.
冠词是一种虚词,是最典型的限定词,本身不能单独使用,只能附在一个名词上帮助说明名词的含义。
是名词的一种标志。
英语中的冠词有定冠词 the 和不定冠词 a 、an 两种: a 用于辅音音素开头的词前, an 用于元音音素开头的词前。
不定冠词仅用在可数名词单数前。
用来表示“—的”意思,但不强调数的观念,只说明名词为不特定者。
定冠词则表示名词为特定者。
表示“这,这些,那,那些”的意思,在可数名词单,复数前和不可数名词前都可以用。
1.不定冠词的基本用法
(1)不定冠词有 a 和 an 两种:a 用于辅音音素开头的词前, an 用于元音音素开头的词前。
例如: a boy, a city, a girl, a useful animal , an old man, an honest boy, a bad apple, a tall elephant
(2)用来表示“—的”意思,但不强调数的观念,只说明名词为不特定者。
即不具体说明是何人何物。
例如:
A teacher is looking for you.
We work five days a week.
(3)不定冠词含有“—的”意思,但数量观念没有 one 强烈,在句子里边一般可以不必译出,但若有“一个”的意思则译出,例如:
—— An orange is good for you. 桔子对你有好处。
(4)一般用在可数名词单数前,指人或事物的某一种类。
例如:
Bill is a student.
( 5)用在某些固定词组中。
例如:
a lot of, a moment ago, a few, a little
2.定冠词的用法
( 1)特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。
例如:
The book on the desk is mine.
( 2)指双方都知道的人或事物。
例如:
Open the door, please.请开门。
( 3)用在世界上独一无二的事物前。
例如:
The sun is bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮大些。
但这些名词作为描绘性定语时,可用不定冠词。
例如:
Look! A red sun is rising. 瞧!一轮红日正在升起。
( 4)
用在序数词和形容词最高级前。
例如:
The first island is the biggest of the three.第一个小岛是三个中最大的。
(5)用在用普通名词构成的党派,国家等专有名词以及江河、海洋、山脉、
群岛、海峡、海湾等专有名词前。
例如:
They will visit the Great Wall next week.
(6)用在形容词前表示一类人, the + 形容词指的是一群人,是一种复数含义,
所以其后动词应用复数形式。
例如:
The old are sick.
( 7)用在姓名复数形式前表示一家人。
例如:
The Smiths have moved to London.
( 8)用在某些习惯用语中。
例如:
in the morning, on the left, the day before yesterday, all the same
I. 冠词填空:在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词,不需用冠词处划×。
1. There is _______ picture of _______ elephant on _______ wall.
2. This is _______ useful book . I've read it for _______ hour .
3. _______ elephant is much heavier than _______ horse .
4. _______ doctor told him to take _______ medicine three times _______ day.
5. Let's go out for _______ walk .
6. It's too hot . Open _______ door , please.
7. There is _______ woman over there . _______ woman is Meimei's mother .
8. _______ sun rises in _______ east.
9. _______ Changjiang River is _______ longest river in _______ China.
10. Are you going to do it _______ second time ?
11. Washington is _______ capital of _______ USA .
12. _______ Turners are living at the end of _______ Turner Street .
13. He joined the army in _______ spring of _______ 1995 .
14. _______ old man is _______ teacher . He likes playing _______ basketball after _______ supper.
15. After I had _______ quick breakfast , I hurried to school .
16. Are _______ sheep kept by _______ farmers for producing_______ wool and _______ meat?
17. They went to _______People's Park, but we both went to _______ People's Cinema yesterday.
18. I often watch _______ TV in _______ evening.
19. _______ day of _______ December 20 , 1999 is Monday .
20. Tomorrow is _______ Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose _______ Christmas tree today.
21. I think _______ maths is more important than any other subject .
22. He often goes to _______ school by _______ bike .
23. What does this _______ word mean , _______ Father?
24. What _______ important news !
II.选择填空。
1.— Does Jim have _______ ruler ?
— Yes, he has _______ .
2. There is _______ old bike . _______ old bike is Mr Zhao's .
A . an ;The
B . the; An
C .a; The
D .the;The
3. _______ apple a day keeps the doctors aw ay.
A . The B. A C. An D. Two
4.— How many books do you have ?
— I have _______ book .That's _______ English book .
A . a; an B. a;one C.one; an D . one; one
5. At that time Tom was _______ one-year-old baby .
A . a
B . an C. the D./
6. _______ tiger is _______ China .
A . The; a B. A ; the C.The; from D. The; the
7. We can't see _______ sun at _______ night.
A . the; the B. the;/C. a;/D./;/
8. _______ useful book it is !
A . What an B. How a C. What a D. What
9. One afternoon he found _______ handbag . There was _______“ s” on the corner of _______ handbag.
A . a; an; the B. a; a; the C. an; an; an D. the; a; a
10. _______ old lady with white hair spoke _______ English well at _______ meeting
.
A . An ; an;a
B .The;/; an C. The;/; a D. The;/; the
11. _______ Great Wall is _______ longest wall in the world.
12. _______ new bridge has been built over Huangpu River .
13. _______ woman over there is _______ popular teacher in our school .
14. He used to be _______ teacher but later he turned _______ writer .
A . a; a
B .a; the C./; a D . a;/
15. They made him _______ king .
A . a
B . the C. an D ./
16. His father is _______ English teacher .He works in our school .
A . a
B . an C. the D ./
17. Is he _______ American boy?
A . an
B . a C. one D./
18. Does Tom often play _______ football after _______ school ?
19. They passed our school _______ day before yesterday.
A . an
B .one C. a D . the
20. Australia is _______ English-speaking country .
A . a
B . an C. the D./
21. She has _______ orange skirt. _______ skirt is nice .
A . a; The B. an; The C.an; A D .the; The
22. This is _______ apple .It's _______ big apple .
A . an;a
B .a; the C. a; an D. an; the
23. Look at _______ horse over there .
A . a
B . an C. the D./。