小学英语阅读理解的常见题型设置及解题技巧+阅读理解专项练习含答案解析

小学英语阅读理解的常见题型设置及解题技巧+阅读理解专项练习含答案
解析
部编六年级小学英语阅读理解的常见题型设置及解题技巧
在小学阶段，阅读理解题型灵活多样，但主要有以下题型：
一、读一读，然后选一选。

这种题型的特点是在短文后给出若十个不完整的句子或若干个根据短文内容提出的问题，针对每一题都提供三到四个备选的答案，要求同学们在正确理解短文内容的基础上，从选项中选出一个正确的答案。

这类试题的问题一般是紧扣短文内容编排的，既会涉及文章中的细节内容，如文中出现的人物、时间、地点、事件的前因后果等；也会涉及文章中某个词或某个句子的含义以及文章的主旨、大意和标题等。

The big day comes at last! Mrs Jones'third grade students are waiting quietly for her to come into the classroom. Today Amy brings some cakes, Joy brings some napkins, Carlos brings some soda water and Kate brings some cups. Everyone wants the party to he a surprise. Mrs Jones doesn't know the children have known today is her birthday. When she comes into the classroom, the children shout, “Happy birthday, Mrs Jones!” And then the children get a surprise,too. Mrs Jones brings everyone a party hat and an ice cream!
阅读短文，选择最佳答案。

( ) 1. Mrs Jones'grade students are waiting for her.
A. three
B.third
C.No.3
D.the third
( )2. Carlos brings some一．
A. cola
B.napkins
C.soda water
D.cups
( )3． brings some cakes.
A. Amy
B.Carlos
C.Joey
D.Kate
分析
题1短文的第二句话告诉我们是琼斯老师的三年级的学生们正静静地等候她的到来。

在年级前面应该用序数词来表示，如果是在年级后面就应该用基数词表示。

如：the third grade,=Grade Three.同时因为前面有定语Mrs Jones'，所以这里也应该不要the。

题2.3 短文介绍了几个同学分别带了一些东西。

卡洛斯带了soda water（汽水），艾米带了蛋糕。

正确答案：1．B 2．C 3．A
二、读一读，然后判断句子正误。

该题型的特点是在短文后给出若干个句子，要求同学们根据短文内容，判断所给的句子意思是否与原文相符。

做这类题应该联系短文内容进行发挥，主要是考查对意思相近或相反的几个句子进行鉴别、判断，或是变换词语、句子结构来测试同种意思的不同表达。

There are some public numbers. Do you know when to use these numbers?
110 is a number for calling policeman when you have niet some illegal things.
119 is a number using for a fire accident.
120 is a number for asking medical help when somebody is serious ill or hurt.
Please do not dial these numbers for fun. It is forbidden.
阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。

( )1. When you meet some thieves, you can call 110.
( )2. Somebody is serious ill, you can call 119.
( )3. There is a fire ac:cident in vour building, so you can call 119.
( )4.A girl was hurt by a car, you can call 120.
分析
这篇短文是介绍几个常用电话号码的用法。

读懂就会判断句子的正误了。

题l 意思是当你遇到小偷的时候，你应该拔打110。

110是遇到违法事件时的报警号码，所以判断它是正确的。

题2意思是有人得了重病，你应该拔打119。

1 19是发生火灾时的求救号码，所以判断它是错误的。

题3意思是当你的房子发生了火灾，你应该拨打119。

可以判断它是正确的，
题4意思是一个女孩被汽车撞了，你应该拔打120。

120是请求医疗急救的号码，应该先送她去医院+，所以可以判断它是正确的。

正确答案：1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T
三、读一读，然后回答问题。

这种题型要求根据所提的问题写出完整、正确的句子。

这样的题目听起来似乎很难，其实真正做起来却很简单。

回答问题时，句子越简单越好，答案应简洁明了，能用一个词，就不用两个词，只要能说明问题就行。

There are seven days in a week. They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. Sunday is the first day of the week. Saturday and Sunday are the weekend. Usually, we have a rest on the weekends.
The other five days are weekdays. We usually go to school or work during weekdays. Nobody likes Monday, because we have a good time on Sunday and we don't want to study or work any more.
阅读短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

1. How many days are there in a week?
2．What are they?
3. What is the first day of the week?
4．What is the weekend？
5. When do we usually go to school?
分析
题1 问一周有几天。

用一个seven就可以回答了。

题2问分别是哪几天。

短文第二句已经给我们答案了。

题3记住一周的第一天是星期天而不是星期一。

题4周末是星期六和星期天。

题5 问我们通常什么时候上学。

应该是工作日了。

正确答案：1．There are seven. 2．They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesclay, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. 3.Sunday. 4.Saturday and Sunday.
5.During weekdays.
四、读一读，然后根据短文内容填空。

该题型的特点是在短文后给出一篇经过改写或缩写后与原短文意思相同的短文或几个句子，在短文或句子中均留有若干个空格，要求同学们在每一个空格处填上一个词，使短文或句子所表达的意思与原短文的内容一致。

The English people like take-away food. The most popular food is fish and chips. They usually go to a fish and chips shop. They put the food in paper bags, and take it home, or to their work place. At lunch time, many people eat takeaway food in the park. Chinese take-away food is also very popular in England. People in the USA and
Australia like Chinese take-away food, too. But the most popular food in the USA is fried chicken.
阅读短文，然后填空。

1. The most popular food in England is___.
2. They put the food in____ ,and take it home, or to their work place.
3. At lunch time, many people eat______food in the park.
4. Chinese take-away food is also very_ in England.
5. The most popular food in the USA is___一．
分析
题l 第二句话告诉我们最受英国人欢迎的食物是鱼和薯片。

题2第四句话告诉我们他们把食物装进纸袋里，然后带回家或工作的地方。

题3短文还告诉我们在午餐的时候，很多人喜欢在公园里吃可携带食物。

题4第二段告诉我们中国的可携带食物在英国也很受欢迎。

题5最后一句话告诉我们在美国，最受欢迎的食物是炸鸡。

正确答案：1．fish and chips 2．paper bags 3．take-away 4．popular 5．fried chiken
五、读一读，然后画一画。

该题型要求同学们先读懂短文，然后根据短文内容画与短文内容相关的。

要注意短文中提到的一些东西要在画中体现出来。

Aunt Mary is coming, but Tom's mother is too busy to pick her up. So she asks Tom to pick aunt Mary up. But Tom did not meet her for a long time. So his mother asks Tom to find as following:
She is at the bus station. She is a tall woman with long blac:k hair. She is wearing a green dress, a brown hat and a pair of boots. She is holding a handbag.
Can Tom find her'l
根据汤姆的妈妈的描述给玛丽阿姨画一幅画，以便汤姆更容易找到她。

短文的第二段告诉我们玛丽阿姨的肖像特点是：a tall woman with long black hair（长长的黑头发的高个子的妇女），wearing a green dress，a brown hat and a pair of boots（穿着一件绿色的裙子，头戴一顶棕色的帽子，脚穿一
双靴子），holding a handbag（拿着一个手提包）。

读懂了这些，就不难画出
这幅画了。

可不要忘记了涂色哦！
总之，英语阅读理解的解题技巧可以归纳为以下几点：
1．假如文章很长，题目很少，我们可以采取略读的方法先简单读一遍，然后带着问题去查阅，这样相信你一定能找到答案。

2．假如文章很短，而题目义很多的话，我们则应该先仔细阅读短文，再去做题。

遇到想不起来的，可以带着该问题去查阅有关细节。

3．如果问题要求解答数字、人名、地名、时间等，可以直接用查阅的方法来寻求答案，也可以先略读然后再查阅。

2． In the world today, all of the people need to have fun when they are free. We can’t work all the time if we are going to keep healthy and enj oy life.
Everyone has his own way of relaxing. Perhaps the most popular form (形式) is to take part in sports. There are team sports, such as basketball and football. There are also individual(个人的) sports, such as swimming and running. Skating and mountain climbing are the most popular recreation (消遣) for people who like to be outdoors.
Not everyone who enjoys sports likes to take part in them. Many people like watching them on TV or listening to them on the radio. So many people like some indoor relaxation, such as watching TV, singing and dancing.
It doesn’t matter if we like indoor recreation or take part in outdoor sports. It is important for everyone to relax from time to time, and enjoy some themselves.
1．Which is the most popular form of recreation？
A．Sleeping. B．Watching TV. C．Sports. D．Singing and dancing.
2．People want to take part in sports to .
A．make friends B．keep healthy and enjoy life
C．find a good job D．make more money
3．Outdoor sports include .
A．watching TV B．singing and dancing
C．listening to the radio D．skating and mountain climbing
4．Why do many people like watching sports on TV or listening to them on the radio?
A．Because they don’t enjoy life.
B．Because they don’t enjoy sports.
C．Because they like sports but they don’t like t o take part in them.
D．Because they don’t need recreation.
5．The passage (文章) mainly (主要) tells us that .
A．basketball is a kind of team sports
B．indoor recreation is not as important as outdoor sports
C．different people have different ways of relaxing
D．everyone who enjoys sports should take part in them
【答案】
1．A
2．A
3．D
4．A
5．C
【解析】
【分析】
试题分析：短文大意：所有的人都需要娱乐。

如果我们要保持健康，享受生活，我们就不能一直工作。

每个人都有他自己的放松方式。

也许最流行的形式是参加体育运动。

1．A细节理解题。

根据第二段中Everyone has his own way of relaxing. Perhaps the most popular form (形式) is to take part in sports.可知每个人都有他自己的放松方式。

也许最流行的形式是参加体育运动。

所以该选A。

2．A细节理解题。

根据生活常识可知人们参加体育活动主要是为了保持健康享受生活，所以该选A。

3．D细节理解题。

根据第二段中Skating and mountain climbing are the most popular recreation for people who like to be outdoor.可知滑冰和爬山是最受人们欢迎的户外运动，所以该选D。

4．A细节理解题。

根据第二段中Not everyone who enjoys sports likes to take part in them. Many people like watching them on TV or listening to them on the radio.可知许多人喜欢在电视上看或听收音机是因为他们喜欢运动但不想参加运动，所以该选A。

5．C主旨大意题。

仔细读短文可知所有的人都需要娱乐，但每个人都有他自己的放松方式，所以该选C。

考点：考查健康保健类短文阅读。

1．When is the school trip?
A．On October 1st. B．On October 6th.
C．On October 17th. D．On October 25th.
2．What does Gina have on October 9th?
A．She has a basketball game. B．She has a volleyball game.
C．She has a school trip. D．She has an English party.
3．When is Mary's birthday party?
A．On October 5th. B．On October 14th.
C．On October 30th. D．On October 13th.
4．School Day is on October 17th.Gina's ________ can come to her school.
A．parents B．teachers C．friends D．students
5．Gina likes English.Which activity does she like best (最)?
A．School Day. B．Sports Day.
C．English Day. D．Jack's birthday party.
【答案】
1．B
2．B
3．D
4．A
5．C
【解析】
【分析】
蒂娜10月的记事本。

1．句意：学校旅行是什么时候？根据6th school trip；故选B
2．句意：蒂娜在10月9号有什么？根据9th volleyball game ；故选B
3．句意：玛丽的生日聚会是什么时候？根据13th Mary's birthday party；故
选D
4．句意：学校日是在10月17号，蒂娜的父母能来学校。

根据17th School Day (Parents can come to school)；故选A
5．句意：蒂娜喜欢英语，哪个活动她最喜欢。

根据A. School Day.学校
日； B. Sports Day.运动日；C. English Day. 英语日； D. Jack's birthday party.
杰克的生日聚会；根据句意故选C
4．Dear Editor,
My English teacher is very strict with us. Several days ago, when we were having an English class, Tom asked me a question. But she thought we were chatting
in class. She asked us to stand at the back of the classroom for a few minutes. This made me uncomfortable. After that, I feel nervous in her class, so I don't like her class. However, I really want to learn English well. What should I do?
Mike Dear Mike,
Every teacher wants his or her students to study hard. So I think you should have a talk with your English teacher and tell her what you and Tom did that day. If
she knows the fact, she will say sorry to you and be pleased to hear that you want to learn English well.
Editor 1．Why does Mike write the letter to the editor?
A.Because he wants to tell the editor something interesting.
B.Because he wants to make friends with the editor.
C.Because he wants to share his happiness with the editor.
D.Because he wants to get some advice from the editor.
2．What happened during Mike's English class several days ago?
A.He played with Tom.
B.He asked Tom some questions.
C.He couldn't answer the teacher's questions.
D.His teacher asked him to stand at the back of the classroom.
3．Why doesn't Mike like English classes now?
A.Because he can't understand what his teacher says.
B.Because he often makes mistakes in English classes.
C.Because English classes make him nervous.
D.Because he doesn't like to learn English at all.
4．The editor asks Mike to .
A.have a talk with Tom
B.learn English by himself
C.say sorry to his English teacher
D.have a talk with his English teacher
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Tom asked Mike a question in that English class.
B.Mike doesn't want to learn English any more.
C.Mike doesn't want to speak to Tom any more.
D.The editor can't help Mike.
【答案】
1．D
2．D
3．C
4．D
5．A
【解析】
【分析】
这是两封信件，一封是迈克写给编辑的求助信，主要是英语老师很严格，误解我和同学说话，我不喜欢她的课，但又想学好英语应该怎么办？第二封是编辑写给迈克的回信，主要是让他和老师说说，告诉她误解了。

如果老师知道你的烦恼，一定会帮助你的。

你想学好英语，老师一定很高兴。

1．句意：迈克为什么要给编辑写信？—因为他想要从编辑那得到一些建议。

根据第一封信最后的What should I do?可知，是向编辑寻求建议，故答案选D。

2．句意：在几天前的英语课上发生了什么事？—他的老师让他站在了教室后面。

根据第一封信第三行She asked us to stand at the back of the classroom for a few minutes可知，是老师让他站在了教室后面几分钟，故答案选D。

3．句意：为什么迈克现在不喜欢英语课了？—因为英语课让他很紧张。

根据第一封信第四行After that, I feel nervous in her class可知，英语课上很紧张，故答案选C。

4．句意：编辑让迈克和英语老师谈一谈。

根据第二封信第二行So I think you should have a talk with your English teacher and tell her what you and Tom did that day可知，编辑让迈克和英语老师好好谈一谈，故答案选D。

5．句意：根据文章下列哪个是正确的？—在英语课上汤姆问了迈克一个问题。

根据第一封信第二行Tom asked me a question.可知A是正确的，根据第一封信最后一句话However, I really want to learn English well.可知B是错误的，C 选项这两封信都没有提到，根据第二封信可知，D是错误的，故答案选A。

5．阅读理解。

Hello, boys and girls! My name is Paul. I’m 14. Tommy is my brother. He is 15.
I have two good friends, Peter and Barry. Peter is 13 and Barry is 12. We all like playing sports. Peter’s favoritesport is baseball. He plays baseball every day. He has 9 baseballs and 6 baseball bats. Barry likes ping-pong. He has 10 ping-pong balls and 5 ping-pong bats. I like basketball and I have 3 basketballs. The four of us all like soccer and we play soccer at school after class. Tommy and I like watching TV, but our parents don’t let us watch TV every day.
1．_________ is the oldest（年纪最大的） of the four boys.
A．Paul B．Peter
C．Barry D．Tommy
2．Tommy is Paul’s ___________.
A．friend B．brother
C．cousin D．sister
3．The four boys all like __________.
A．playing soccer B．playing basketball
C．watching D．playing baseball
4．What is the Chinese meaning of “favorite”?
A．最讨厌的B．最有趣的
C．最喜欢的D．最无聊的
5．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．Peter only likes baseball.
B．Barry has five ping-pong bats.
C．Tommy can not watch TV every day.
D．Paul likes playing sports.
【答案】
1．D
2．B
3．A
4．C
5．A
【解析】
【分析】
试题分析：这篇短文中给我们介绍了四个男孩，他们是Paul、Peter、Tommy和Barry。

他们都很喜欢运动，他们各自有自己最喜欢的运动，但是他们都喜欢的运动是踢足球。

1．细节理解题。

根据短文的开头中Hello, boys and girls! My name is Paul. I’m 14. Tommy is my brother. He is 15. I have two good friends, Peter and Barry. Peter is 13 and Barry is 12.可知，Paul14岁了，Tommy15岁，Peter14岁，Barry 12岁。

在这四个男孩中，最大的是Tommy。

故选D。

2．细节理解题。

根据短文中My name is Paul. I’m 14. Tommy is my brother.可知，Tommy是Paul的哥哥。

故选B。

3．细节理解题。

根据短文中The four of us all like soccer and we play soccer at school after class可知，这四个男孩都喜欢运动，他们都喜欢踢足球，下课后他们经常一起踢球。

故选A。

4．词义猜测题。

根据短文的文意和划线单词所在的句子可知，We all like playing sports. Peter’s favorite sport is baseball.这四个孩子都喜欢运动，而他们喜
欢的运动形式又各有不同。

因此我们可以推断favorite的意思是最喜爱的。

故选C。

5．推理判断题。

根据短文中Peter’s favorite sport is baseball可知Peter最喜欢的运动是棒球，但是没有说他只喜欢棒球，故A是不对的；根据Barry likes ping-pong. He has 10 ping-pong balls and 5 ping-pong bats.可知B是对的；根据Tommy and I like watching TV, but our parents don’t let us watch TV every day.可知C是对的；根据We all like playing sports可知，他们都喜欢运动，因此Paul也喜欢运动，故D是对的。

故选A。

考点：日常生活类短文阅读。