小学英语时态讲解及练习

小学英语时态解说及练习
小学英语时态解说及练习
一般此刻时态及第三人称单数
第三人称单数问题
一般此刻时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，即常在动词原形后加-s或 -es 。

第三人称单数变化，现概括总结以下：
1. 人称代词 he, she, it是第三人称单数。

如：
He likes watching TV.他喜爱看电视。

She has lunch at twelve.她十二点吃午餐。

It looks like a cat.它看起来像只猫。

2.单个人名、地名或称号作主语；用第三人称单数。

如：
①H an Mei looks like her mother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲。

② Beijing is in China.北京在中国。

③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔常常做蛋糕。

3.单数可数名词或 "this / that / the/ a +单数可数名词 " 作主语时，是第三人称单数。

如：
①A horse is a useful animal.马是实用的动物。

②This book is yours.
这本书是你的。

③That car is red.那辆小汽车是红色的。

④The cat is Lucy's.这只猫是露茜的。

4.不定代词 someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词 this, that作主语时，第三人称单数。

①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。

②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块腕表有缺点。

③This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。

④That is an eraser.那是一块橡皮擦。

5.不行数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。

如：①The milk is in the glass.
②The bread is very small.
6.当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。

如：①"6" is a lucky number."6"
②"I" is a letter.
发音规则
动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大概同样，请仔
细察看。

1、大部分动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s] ，在浊辅音及元音后发音为[z]。

如：
①stop － stops [s] ; make
②re ad－ reads [z] ; play －makes [s]－plays [z]
2、以辅音字母加“ y”结尾的，要先将“ y”变成“ i ”，而后在加“ es”读 [iz]如：
fly － flies [z]；carry－carries [z]
study －studies [z]; worry－worries
3、以“ s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“teach －teaches [iz]; watch－watches [iz]
4、以“ o”结尾的动词，加“ es”，读 [z]
go －goes [z] do－does [z]
es”，发音
为如：
[iz]如：
注：下边几个动词变成单数时，原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化，请
注意记忆。

如：
1、do [du:]－does [dz]
2、say [sei]－says [sez]
以不发音字母“ e”结尾的开音节词，假如尾音是[s] ， [z]时，加“ s”后字母“e”发音，与所加“ s”一同读做[iz]。

如：close－closes [iz]
作业
I.写出第三人称单数：
wash_________ match _______guess______ study______ finish_________
go________ snow______ carry_________
II.用所给动词的适合形式填空：
1.He________ TV every evening. (watch)
2.We always ________ to school on foot. (go)
3. Tom, with his classmates, often ______football after school. (play)
4.Your shoes _______ under the bed. (be)
5.______ here and ______ by me. (come, stand)
6.His uncle usually _________ to work by bus. (go)
7.I always ______ up at six in the morning.(get)
8.John ________ like his father. (look)
III.达成句子
依据所给中文意思，在空白处填入适合词语达成句子。

每空一词，请直接在答题纸上达成，不要在此页上作答。

1．该吃晚餐了。

it ’s time to ________ ________.
2．你想来点儿面包吗 ?
would you ________ some ________ ?
3．安娜太小，还不可以上学。

ann is ________ young ________ go to school.
4．约翰跑得和我同样快。

john runs ________ fast ________ me.
5．布莱克太太常常在英语上帮助我们。

mrs. black often ________ us ________ our english .
6．老师让我们每日说英语。

the teacher tells us ________ ________ english every day.
7．为何不让孩子们做他们喜爱的事情?
________ ________ let the children do what they like?
（答案：二、 1. watches 2. go 3. plays 4. are 5. come, stand 6. goes 7. get, got
8. looks
三、 1. it’s time to have supper. 2. would you like some bread?
3.ann is too young to go to school.
4. john runs as fast as me.
5.mrs. black often helps us with our english.
6.the teacher tells us to speak english every day.
7. why not let the children do what they like?）
一般此刻时态
一、一般此刻时的用法 :
1、表示常常或许频频发生的动作
2、还表示此刻存在的一种状态..如:我每日吃午餐. I have lunch every day.如：我姐姐是一位老师． Mysister is a teacher.
3、客观真谛，客观存在，科学事实。

比如：The earth moves around the sun.
地球绕着太阳转。

二、一般此刻时态常常与 often （常常）sometimes（有时）always（老是）usually （往常）等频次词连用，也常常与 every day（每日）, every week（每周）, every month（每个月） , every term （每学期） , every year （每年） , once a week （一周一次）， twice a year （一年两次）等表示时间的词连用。

三、第三人称单数问题
一般此刻时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，即常在动词原形后加
四、一般此刻时分类：
１．一般此刻时态分为be 动词的一般此刻时。

-s或 -es 。

1） be 动词包含 am， is ，are.中文为"是"，这三个词的用法要跟着主语的变
化而变化。

"am" 用于第一人称单数（ I ）; "is" 用于第三人称单数（ he，she， it ）; "are " 用于第一人称复数（ we），第二人称单数和复数 (you), 第三人称复数
（ they ）。

能够记着以下顺口溜： am 管 " 我 " ， is 管" ，她，它，他 " ， are 管" 大家 " 。

一般疑问句和否认句：把be 动词 "am，is ，are"放在句首,回答时也要使用be 动词；变成否认句时 , 把表示否认的not 放在 "am is are"的后边,此中可以简写为： is not---- isn't；are not---- aren't；am not没有简写形式。

注意：假如 are not, is not放在句尾时，不可以使用简写，一定写出整个单词。

.
Am I a teacher? Yes, I am. (No, I am not.)
Are you his friend? Yes, you are. (No, you are not.)
Is she a nurse? Yes, she is. (No, she is not.)
否认句为： I am not a teacher. You are not his friend. She is not
a nurse.
2）实义动词的一般此刻时假如句子的动词不是be 动词 "am is are"而是其余实义动词 ,疑问句和否认句要借助于助动词"do" 或许 "does" ，也就是说 be 动
词和实义动词原形不可以同时使用。

这里的 "do" ，"does"自己没有什么意义，
不过帮助组成疑问句和否认句.一般疑问句读时一定用降调."do" 和 "does" 的
使用要跟着人称的变化而变化。

请看下边两组句子，注意划分他们的共同点和不一样点。

I go to school every day. -------------I don't go to school every He goes to school every day. ------------He doesn't go to school day.
Do you go to school every day? -----------Does he go to school every day?
Yes, I do. (No, I don't) --------------Yes, he does. (No, he doesn't)
day. every
当主语是第三人称单数时，
必定句为：主语 +动词的 s 形式 +宾
语
否认句为：主语 +助动词 doesn't+ 动词原形 +宾语疑问句为： Does+主语 +动词原形 +宾语
必定回答和否认回答也要使用助动词does.
注： 1）第三人称单数用了does后边就不用动词的s 形式了 , 而用动词原形2）变成疑问句 , 要在句首加 "do" ;变成否认句,要在动词前面加"do not",.
可
以简写为"don't".
讲堂练习
一、把以下句子改成一般疑问句并做必定、否认回答。

1．I usually get up at six o’clock.
?
Yes,. /No,.
2. We usually write e-mails to each other on Saturday evening.
?
/
.
3. They have the same hobby.
?
./
4.Suhai and Su yang like listening to music after school.
.
?
.
/
5.Helen usually watches TV in the evening.
.
?
.
/.
二、用词的适合形式填空。

1.What time_________ his father_________(do) the work?
2.He _________(get) up at five o’clock.
3.__________ you _________(brush) your teeth every morning.
4.What ________ ( do ) he usually ________( do ) after school?
5.Tom ________ ( study ) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at
school.
6. Kitty sometimes __________(go) to the park with his sister.
7.At eight at night, she __________( watch ) TV with her parents.
8. ________ Mike________( read ) English every day?
9.How many lessons________ your classmates______( have ) on Monday?
10.We often___________ ( play ) football in the playground.
三．选择
() 1. _____ you have a book?
A. Do
B. Are
C. Is
D. Have
()2. They _________ on a farm.
A. working
B. is work
C. work
D. is worked
() 3. Does Peter like to watch TV?
__________.
A. Yes, he like
B. No, he doesn’t
C. Yes, he’d like
D. No, he likes
()4. She doesn ’t __________ her homework in the afternoon.
A. doing
B. to do
C. does
D. do
()5. How ____________ Mr. Brown ___________ to America?
A. do,go
B. is,go
C. does,go
D. does,goes
()6. Where ’s my camera? I____________ it.
A. am not finding
B. am not seeing
C. can ’t find
D. can ’t look at
()7. How ___________ he go to work?
He ___________ to work by bike.
A. does ;go
B. do;goes
C. do ;go
D. does;goes
()8. ______ you usually late for school?
No, _____________.
A. Do ; I am
B. Does ;not
C. Are ; I’m not
D. Are ; I aren’t ()9. _____ she _____ home at six every day?
A. Is , leave
B. Does , leave
C. Is , leaves
D. Does , left
()10. Mr. Yang ____________ English this term.
A.teaches our
B. teaches us
C. teachs us
D. teach our
答案：二.1.does,do 2. gets 3. Do, brush 4. does,do 5. studies 6. goes7. watches8. Does, read9. do, have10. play
三 .1---5 A C B D C6---10 C D C B B
此刻进行时、动词的ing 形式（附练习及答案）
此刻进行时
动词的此刻进行时由 be 的此刻时形式“ am/is/are+ 此刻分词”组成，主要用于以下几方面。

（1）用来表示此刻正在进行或发生的动作。

比如：
What are you doing? We are playing basketball.
你们在干什么？我们在打篮球。

（2）有时用来表示现阶段正在进行，而说话时不必定正在进行的动作。

比如：Are they working hard this term?
这学期他们在努力学习吗？
We are picking apples on a farm these days?
这些天我们正在农场摘苹果。

（3）表示马上发生的动作（如在近来按计划或安排好要进行的动作）。

Come,go, leave, start, arrive等动词常与未来时间的状语连用表示这
种意义。

比如： They are going to Shanghai this Friday.他们这个礼拜主要去上海。

Tom is coming here next week.汤姆下周要来这儿。

（4）说明 : 不是全部动词都能用此刻进行时态的 , 如：see、
like 、want 、know 等动词常常都不用进行时态．
此刻进行时态的必定、否认和疑问式及特别疑问句
1) 此刻进行时的必定形式：主语+be(am/ is/are)+doing+其余成分
I am singing . They are writing .
2) 此刻进行时的否认形式 : 主语 +be(am/ is/are)+not +doing+其余成分
I am not singing . They aren’t writing .
3）一般疑问句及回答： be(am/ is/are)+主语+doing+其余成分
Am I singing ? Yes ,you are . / No ,you aren’t .
Are they writing ? Yes ,they are . / No ,they aren’t .
4) 特别疑问句及回答 : 特别疑问词 +be(am/ is/are)+主语+doing+其余成分What are you doing ? We are playing (要求就发问内容详细回答).
缩写形式以下:
I am---I ’m You are---You’re He is---He’s She is---She’s
It is---It’s We are---We’re They are---They’re
动词的— ing 形式的组成
（1）一般在动词原形末端加—ing 。

比如： work—working, study—studying.
（2）以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加— ing 。

比如 :have — having, live—living.
（3）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如结尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写出这一字母，再加— ing 。

比如： run — running, stop — stopping, forget —forgetting, begin — beginning.
一、写出以下动词的ing形式
walk jump watch lie play
sing smoke dance
drive run
swim sit tie
read eat
二、用此刻进行时达成以下句子:
1.______you__________(fly) a kite? Yes,_______.
2.______you___________(sit) in the boat?
3.______he_____________(talk) with me?
4.We_______________(play) football now.
5.What_________you__________(do)?
6.I_____________(sing) an English song.
7.What________he____________(mend)?
8.He______________(mend) a car.
9.These boys _________ (play) tennis on the playground.
10.My mother______________ (cook) in the kitchen.
三、选择
1.Look. Lucy is_____ a new bike today.
A. jumping
B. running
C. riding D takeing
2.The children _____ football.
A. is playing
B. are playing
C. play the
D. play a
3.They ______TV in the evening. They do their homework.
A. are watching
B. can ’t watching
C. don ’t watch
D. don ’t watching
4.Listen! She____ in the classroom.
A. is singing
B. sing C .to sing D. is sing
5.______are you eating? I’m eating ______ meat.
A. What,some
B. Which,any
C. Where,not
D. What,a
6.Is she ____ something? A. eat B. eating C. eatting D. eats
7.I can’t catch up with the fashion,because the clothes style_______
all the time.
A. has changed
B. is changed
C. is changing
D. changed
8.Look! The children_______ basketball on the playground.
A. plays
B. played
C. is playing
D. are playing
9.Jack and Ketty_______ in the lake. Let’s join them,shall we?
A. swim
B. have swum
C. swam
D. are swimming
10.It ’s six in the afternoon. The Greens_______ lunch together.
A. has
B. are having
C. have had
D. had had
答案：
一、 1. Are ,flying,I am 2.Are sitting, 3.Is,talking 4.are plying
5. are,doing
6.am singing
7. is,mending
8. is mending
9.are plying10.is cooking
二、 1.C 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.A 6.B7.C8.D9.D10.B
一、填空
1. She(play) now.
2. We(sit) on the beach now.
3. Don ’t come in! I(take) a bath.
4.The cat（ run ） in the garden now.
5. Look! The bird.(fly)
6. Listen!
She!(sing)
二、选择。

1.I on the chair now.（） A. is sitting B. am sitting C. am siting
2.She ball now. （） A.is play B. is playing C. is playing
3.Tom on the bed.（） A. are jumping B. is jumping C. is jump
4.My parents in the kitchen. （）A. is cooking B. are cooking C. cooks
5.Listen! The baby.（） A. cry B. cries C. is crying
6.The cat in the garden.（） A. is running B. is runing C. run
7.Elva now. （） A.is smile B. is smileing C. is smiling
8.Look! The bird.（）A. is fly B. flying C. is flying
9.Don’t bother me!I. （）A. work B. is working C. am working
10.Don’t come in! She.（）
A. take a bath
B. is takeing a bath
C. is taking a bath
11. Elva juice now.（） A. drinks B. is drinking。