八年级英语 hapter Two A day in the life of … language,

初二英语Chapter Two: A day in the life of …language, speaking
某某牛津版
【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容：
Chapter Two: A day in the life of … language, speaking
［学习过程］
一、重点词汇：
1. need , 表示需要,做实义动词有以下几种用法：
在肯定句中,need 后面直接跟名词或代词作宾语，表示需要
e. g: I need some money. 我需要一些钱。

She needs a doctor. 她需要去看医生。

变疑问句时，用do, does作助动词。

e. g: Does he need a break?
他需要休息一下吗?
What do you need?
你需要什么?
变否定句时，用don’t 或doesn’t
e. g: You don’t need this . 你不需要这个.
She doesn’t need your love . 她不需要你的爱.
need 还作情态动词:后加动词原形.
2. cost : 价值为.
How much does the mobile phone cost? 这手机多少钱?
It cost 300 dollars. 它价格为300美元。

cost 可以表示花费(金钱,时间,劳力等), 常以事物作主语。

注意cost 与spend, take的区别.spend表示花费(时间，金钱) 时，常以人作主语，take 常表示花费时间，常用句型为:It takes sb. +时间+to do sth.
Eg: The work cost him much labour. 这项工作花去他不少劳动力。

He spent most of the time surfing the Internet 他大部分时间都用于上网了。

I took her lots of time to look after the pet.照看宠物花去她不少时间。

cost 可以表示:失去(生命，健康)
Smoking cost him his health. 吸烟使他付出了健康的代价.
3. think of 表示多种含义.
表示：对……的看法
The class think well of the teacher.
全班同学对这个老师看法很好.
What do you think of the film?
你觉得这部电影怎么样?
表示:想出
Who first thought of that ides?
是谁先出的那个主意?
表示:思考,考虑
What are you thinking of? 你在想些什么?
表示:想起,记得
I can’t think of his name right now. 我一下子想不起他的名字了。

4. go to 后面常接表示场所或活动的名词,意思是:去某个地方,去参加或进行某项活动。

Let’s go to the fashion now. 我们去看时装表演吧。

She goes to movies every day. 她每天都去看电影。

Let’s go to school. 我们上学去吧。

go to work 去上班
go to a lecture 去听讲座
go to a meeting去开会
go to bed 去睡觉
go to a cinema去看电影
go to a concert去听音乐会
go to church去教堂做礼拜
5. what about …? 是口语中常用的句型,通常用于征求对方的意见或询问情况等情景。

类似的表达还有:how about..?
I am hungry. What about you?
My father is a doctor. How about your mother?
What do we do after school?
How about playing football?
Where can we have our lunch?
What about at the school dining-room? 在学校食堂吃怎么样?
6. how often对动作的频率提问，即：动作多长时间发生一次，答语一般用once, twice, three times a week 一周一次，二，三次，every day每天，on Sundays在每周日，sometimes有时，never从不，often经常，usually 通常，always总是，seldom很少。

How often do you go home? 你多长时间回一次家？
Once a week. 一个星期一次。

How often does the flower bloom? 这种花多久开一次？
Four times a year. 一年开四次。

7. lose one’s temper：动怒，发脾气
He became angry and lose his temper. 他生气了，并发起脾气来。

二、重点语法：
一般现在时
1. 一般现在时表示:经常性或习惯性的动作，现在的特征或状态,客观事实或普遍真理。

e. g: My mother gets up at five every day.
The book are on the desk.
The earth travels around the sun.
2. 一般现在时的基本类型：
Be 型.这样的句型，谓语动词只有be ( am , is ,are)
Li Ming is at home. 黎明在家里.
实义动词型.其形式是：动词原形或单数第三人称形式。

如果动词前有情态动词，实义动词必须用原形。

e. g: The woman works in a school. 这位女士在一所学校工作。

The baby can stand up. 这个婴儿能站起来。

3. 祈使句型.谓语动词以原形出现。

Let’s sing an English song. 咱们唱英语歌曲吧。

Open the door, please. 请把门打开。

4. 一般现在时的句型转换：
Be 型和含有情态动词的情况。

变否定句时，在be 或情态动词后加not。

变一般疑问句时将be 或情态动词放在句首，简答时也要加上相应的be或情态动词。

Li Ming is at home.
Li Ming is not at home.
Is Li Ming at home? Yes, he is./ No, he isn’t.
只含有实义动词的情况.变否定句时,在实义动词前加don’t 或doesn’t , 变一般疑问句时借助于do 或does( 主语是单三时用does)提问，简答时也要用上相应的do ( don’t )或does ( doesn’t)
The woman works in a school.
The woman doesn’t work in a school.
Does the woman work in a school? Yes, she does. /No, she doesn’t.
主语为第三人称单数时的一般现在时用法：
5. 在一般现在时中，当主语为第三人称单数时，动词要用单三形式。

具体变化规则如下：
1）一般在动词词尾加-s.
e. g: like- likes, play-plays, look-looks
2）以s, o, sh, ch 结尾的动词，在词尾加-es.
do-does, go-goes, wash-washes, teach-teaches
3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，要把y变i, 再加-es
fly-flies, study-studies
4) have 的单三形式为has.
6. 有一类表示频率的副词常用于一般现在时的句子中作状语。

always 总是
Tom is always late for school. 汤姆老是上学迟到。

She always laughs. 她总是笑。

usually通常
I usually get up at 7:00 a.m.我通常早上7：00起床。

They usually play football in the afternoon. 他们通常下午踢足球。

Do you usually go shopping on the weekends?你通常是周末购物么？
often经常
Tom often asks some funny questions. 汤姆经常问一些好笑的问题。

She often cries. 她经常哭。

sometimes 有时
She sometimes goes to the movies on Sunday. 周日她有时去看电影。

It sometimes snows here. 这儿有时下雪。

seldom很少
He seldom returns home. 他很少回家。

She seldom speaks in the meeting. 她开会很少发言。

never从不
I never smoke . 我从不抽烟。

He never plays cards. 他从不玩牌。

练习：
1. She plays golf with her friends (twice a month. )( 对括号部分提问)
________ _______ _______ she _____ golf with her friends?
2. Wendy does her homework every day. ( 改为否定句)
Wendy _____ ______ her homework every day.
3. My driver takes me to school. ( 变为一般疑问句)
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿driver_____ ______ to school?
4. Does your father often get very angry? =Does your father often _____ _____ _____? 【模拟试题】（答题时间：40分钟）
一、单选：
1. He often _____ his sister to clean the room.
A. ask
B. asks
C. asked
D. asking
2. ______ does it cost?
A. How often
B. How much
C. How many
D. How
3. _____ does she work on the puter?
A. How often
B. How long
C. How soon
D. When
4. Need we have dinner before 2 p.m.? No, we ______.
A. mustn’t
B. needn’t
C. must
D. need
5. Jenny is a nurse and ______ in TownHospital.
A. works
B. worked
C. had worked
D. is working
6. She ______ at home.
A. is often
B. often is
C. often stay
D. stay often
7. _____ does it take you to get to school? About twenty minutes.
A. How long
B. When
C. Where
D. What
8. Mike usually ______ a club on foot if it’s a fine day.
A. go to
B. attends to
C. attends
D. goes
9. Mary ___ takes the bus in the morning.
You are wrong . She always takes it in the morning.
A. seldom
B. always
C. sometimes
D. usually
10. Does Jim watch TV every evening?
No, he ______.
A. does
B. is
C. doesn’t
D. isn’t
11. Which city do you like ______, Dalian or Shenyang ?
A. well
B. good
C. better
D. best
12. How long have you ______ the music club, Bob?
A. joined
B. attended
C. been in
D. became a member of
13. ______ Ben usually get up at seven? ______, at six.
A. Does, no
B. Do, do
C. Does, yes
D. Do , yes
14. Mom often asks me ______ warm clothes when it is cold.
A. puts up
B. put on
C. to put on
D. putting on
15. The worker continues ______ without having a rest.
A. work
B. works
C. working
D. to work
16. Her driver always ______ after school.
A. take her to home
B. take her home
C. takes her to home
D. takes her home
17. Yesterday, Jim ______ Shenyang.
A. returns to
B. returned at
C. returns in
D. returned to
18. She finishes her homework ______ before dinner.
A. in an hour and two
B. in hours and two
C. in an hour or two
D. in one hour and two
二、翻译句子：
1. 他多久开一次集邮俱乐部的会议?
2. 吉姆早晨起床时通常感到很愉快。

3. 朱迪常常早上慢跑。

4. 老师总是工作到很晚。

5. 他每周打两次篮球。

三、用括号中适当形式填空。

（be, get up, fly, have, not make, work, not go to bed）
Mr Gray ___1___ a famous scientist and he always ___2___ very hard. Last night he ___3__
until twelve o’clock but he ___4___ early this morning because he ___5___ to America for an important meeting this afternoon. Now he ___6___ a short rest. His wife is saying to their son. “Tom , ___7__ any noise here.”
四、阅读理解。

（A）阅读下面的短文，判断正误.（正确的用T，错误的用F）
Lin Fei’s home is about 10 kilometers from school. He gets up at six o’clock every day, showers, and has a quick breakfast. Then he leaves for school at around six-thirty. First, he rides his bicycle to the bus station. That takes about ten minutes. Then the early bus takes him to school. The bus ride usually takes about 25 minutes.
( ) 1. It’s about ten kilometers from Lin Fei’s home to school.
( ) 2. He sometimes gets up at six o’clock.
( ) 3. He leaves for school at about half past six.
( ) 4. He gets to the bus station by subway.
( ) 5. It takes him about twenty minutes to the bus station.
（B）阅读下面的短文，选出正确答案。

Mr. and Mrs. Long had one daughter. Her name was Lena. She was eighteen years old. Lena lived with her parents and worked in an office. She had some friends, but she didn’t like any of the boys very much.
One day she met a very nice man. He was young. His name was Watts and he worked in a post office. They became friends and he came to Lena’s parents house twice. Lat week Lena said to her father, “I’m going to marry（嫁给）Watts, Daddy. He was her e yesterday.”
“Oh, yes.” her father answered. “He ‘s a nice boy, but has he got much money?”
“Oh, no, both of you are the same,” the daughter answered angrily. I met Watts on the first day of June and the next day he asked me, “Has your father got much money?”
( ) 1. Mr. and Mrs. Long had a ______.
A. son
B. grandson
C. daughter
D. granddaughter
( ) 2. Lena worked _________.
A. in a school
B. in an office
C. in a factory
D. in a hospital
( ) 3.Lena had a few friends before she came to know Watts, but she _____.
A. liked no one very much
B. like all of them
C. didn’t know their names
D. didn’t talk to them about their work
( ) 4. Last week Lena asked her father _______.
A. to help her find a good husband
B. to let her be Watt’s wife
C. to give her some money to buy a house
D. to let her work in a big city
( ) 5. Lena got angry because ______.
A. her father didn’t like her boyfriend, Watts
B. her father asked her to make friends with money
C. her father, like Watts, only thought of money
D. her parents asked Watts to give them too much money
（C）
On sunny days we can see the sun in the sky（天空）. It looks like a hot and bright plate. But it is a ball. It is much bigger and hotter than any fire. And it is much brighter than all the lights in the world.
The sun is a star but it looks much bigger and brighter than any other star. Many stars are much bigger than the sun. The sun is much nearer to us, so it looks much bigger.
At night we can see the moon（月亮）and many stars. The moon is a round ball. It is much smaller than the star. The stars are much farther away from us, so they look much smaller than the moon. The moon has no light of its own. When the sun shines on it, it looks bright. When the moon is full. It looks very beautiful.
( ) 1. Why does the sun look bigger than any other star?
A. Because it is bigger than any other star.
B. Because it is hotter than any other star.
C. Because it is brighter than any other star.
D. Because it is nearer to us.
( ) 2. Which is nearer to us?
A. The moon.
B. The sun
C. The star
( ) 3. Why do the star look smaller than the moon?
A. Because the stars are smaller than the moon.
B. Because the stars are nearer to us.
C. Because the stars are farther away from us.
D. Because the stars are bigger than the moon.
( ) 4. Why does the moon look bright?
A. Because it is bright.
B. Because it has light of its own.
C. Because the star shine on it.
D. Because the sun shines on it.
( ) 5. Which one is not right?
A.The sun looks like a bright plate.
B. Many stars are bigger than the sun.
C. The moon is smaller than the stars.
D. The moon has light of its own.
【试题答案】
一、单选
1. B
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. A
7. A
8. C
9. A 10. C 11. C 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. C 16. D 17. D 18. C
二、翻译句子
1. How often does he have a stamp club meeting?
2. Jim usually gets up feeling happy in the morning.
3. Judy often goes jogging in the morning.
4. Teachers always work till late at night .
5. He plays basketball twice a week.
三、用适当形式填空
1. is
2. works
3. didn’t go to bed
4. got up
5. will fly
6. is having
7. don’t make.
四、阅读理解
（A）1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. F
（B）1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B
（C）1. D 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. D。