2025人教版高考英语一轮复习讲义选择性必修第二册 Unit 2 Bridging Cultures

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．tutor n．(英国大学中的)助教；导师；家庭教师vt.辅导2．cite vt.引用；引述
3．messenger n．送信人；信使
4．edition n．(报纸、杂志)一份；(广播、电视节目)一期、一辑；版次5．culture shock文化冲击
6．zone n．(有别于周围的)地区；地带；区域
7．comfort zone舒适区；舒适范围
8．overwhelming adj.无法抗拒的；巨大的；压倒性的9．homesickness n．思乡病；乡愁
10．setting n．环境；背景；(小说等的)情节背景11．tremendous adj.巨大的；极大的
12．mature adj.成熟的
13．boom vi.&n．迅速发展；繁荣
14．perspective n．(思考问题的)角度；观点
15．envoy n．使者；使节；代表
16．outlook n．前景；可能性；观点
17．belt n．腰带；地带
18．initiative n．倡议；新方案
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．complex adj.复杂的；难懂的；(语法)复合的
2．recall vt.&vi.记起；回想起
3．presentation n．报告；陈述；出示；拿出
4．firm n．公司；商行；事务所adj.结实的；牢固的；坚定的
5．insight n．洞察力；眼光
6．grasp vt.理解；领会；抓紧
7．expense n．费用；花费；开销
8．deny vt.否认；否定；拒绝
9．gain vt.获得；赢得；取得；增加n．好处；增加
10．angle n．角；角度；立场
11．sincerely ad v.真诚地；诚实地
12．budget n．预算
13．outcome n．结果；效果
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．qualification n．(通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格；学历→qualify vt.&vi.(使)具备资格；(使)合格→qualified adj.有资格的；称职的
2．ambition n．追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负→ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的3．adaptation n．适应；改编本→adapt vt.使适应；改编vi.适应
4．comfort n．安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸vt.安慰；抚慰→comfortable adj.令人舒适的；舒服的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的
5．participate vi.参加；参与→participation n．参加；参与→participant n．参与者6．engage vi.参加；参与(活动)vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；雇用→engaged adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的→engagement n．订婚；约定
7．involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加→involved adj.参与的；投入的→involvement n．参与
8．motivated adj.积极的；主动的→motivation n．动力；积极性；动机→motivate vt.成为……的动机；激发；激励
9．advisor n．(also-ser)顾问→advise vt.&vi.建议；劝告→advice n．建议；忠告10．reasonable adj.有道理的；合情理的→reasonably ad v.明智地；合理地→reason n．原因；道理vt.&vi.推理，推断vi.理解→unreasonable adj.不合理的；不公正的11．expectation n．期望；预期；期待→expect vt.预料；期望
12．applicant n．申请人→apply vi.申请vt.应用；使用；涂；敷→application n．申请(书)；
应用(程序)
13．exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露→expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)
14．departure n．离开；启程；出发→depart vi.&vt.离开；启程；出发
15．dramatic adj.巨大的；突然的；急剧的；戏剧(般)的→dramatically ad v.突然地；戏剧地；引人注目地→drama n．戏剧；戏剧性事件
16．behave vt.表现vi.&vt.表现得体；有礼貌→behaviour/behavior n．行为；举止17．surroundings n．[pl.]环境；周围的事物→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的→surround vt.包围；围绕
18．depressed adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的→depress vt.使沮丧；使忧愁→depression n．沮丧；抑郁
19．strengthen vi.&vt.加强；增强；巩固→strong adj.强壮的→strength n．体力；优点20．optimistic adj.乐观的→optimism n．乐观主义
21．competence n．能力；胜任；本领→competent adj.有能力的；称职的22．cooperate vi.合作；协作；配合→cooperation n．合作；协作
23．logical adj.合乎逻辑的；合情合理的→logically ad v.合乎逻辑地→logic n．逻辑(学)；道理
1．bully/'bʊli/n．恃强凌弱者；横行霸道者vt.恐吓；胁迫
2．attentive/ə'tent I v/adj.专心的；留意的；体贴的
3．exert/Iɡ'zɜːt/vt.施加；运用
4．rebellious/r I'beljəs/adj.叛逆的；反抗的；难对付的
5．impose/I m'pəʊz/vt.&vi.把……强加于；强制推行
6．immense/I'mens/adj.巨大的；无穷的
7．unity/'juːnəti/n．团结；联合；统一
8．universal/ˌjuːn I'vɜːsl/adj.全体的；通用的；普遍的
9．personnel/ˌpɜːsə'nel/n．全体人员；职员；人事部门
10．expertise/ˌekspɜː'tiːz/n．专门知识(或技能)；专长
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．participate in参加；参与
2．speak up大声点说；明确表态
3．feel at home舒服自在；不拘束
4．engage in(使)从事；参与
5．get involved in参与；卷入；与……有关联
6．cost an arm and a leg(使)花一大笔钱
7．side with支持；站在……的一边
8．as far as I know据我所知
9．as far as I am concerned就我而言；依我看来
10．in summary总的来说；总之
11．generally speaking一般来说
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．It was the first time that she had left China.(It was the first time that＋过去完成时)
这是她第一次离开中国。

2．I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn’t know the English names for.(疑问词＋不定式)
我不得不学习如何使用公共交通工具，如何要到我不知道英语名字的东西。

3．At first，Xie Lei had no idea what she should say，but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.(what引导的同位语从句)
刚开始，谢蕾不知道该说什么，但使她惊奇的是，没过几周，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。

4．Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.(状语从句的省略)
在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。

5．To sum up，one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages，so when you think about studying abroad，you should consider these many factors.(one cannot deny the fact that...不可否认的事实是……)
总之，我们无法否认的事实是：出国留学有其弊端。

因此当你想要到海外求学时，应当考虑上述诸多因素。

I have studied for business qualifications at Peking University for one year.I recall that faced with complex surroundings and dramatic changes，I suffered from tremendous pressure and overwhelming homesickness，1.____________made me depressed in the beginning.But being an ambitious，optimistic and mature student，I managed to motivate myself to step out of my comfort zone.I grasped every chance to speak up and offer logical presentations in class,2.____________(enable)myself to become competent.I engaged in the Literature Club to 3.____________(strong)my literary outlook on life.I got involved in the Basketball Association so
that I could learn to cooperate with others.I participated in some other meaningful activities and benefited much from the4.____________(participate)．There is no denying that all of them could make me see things from different angles and have more reasonable insights into daily affairs.As far as I’m concerned,5.__________(expose)to the surrounding settings，I gradually felt at home.Just as the old saying goes，“No pains，no gains.”Now I can behave 6.____________(perfect)at university.Furthermore，because I was on a tight budget，I took up a position7.____________a tutor to cover my daily expenses and tuition fees，which cost an arm and a leg.Now my ambition is to become an advisor for exchange students 8.____________(broaden)my global perspective and improve my competence.Among so many applicants，I believe that I am9.____________(qualify)for the job because I have firm determination.10.____________the outcome is，I’ll sincerely side with the school’s decision.In summary，now I am confident in my expectation of setting up my own firm in the future.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
comfort n．舒服；安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物vt.安慰；抚慰(comfortable adj.舒适的；舒服的comfortably adv.舒服地uncomfortable adj.不舒服的)
•be a comfort to sb对某人来说是个安慰
in comfort＝comfortably舒适地
to one’s comfort令人宽慰的是
•comfort sb with sth用某物安慰某人
(1)My ambition is to live____________(comfort)in the suburbs of the city in the future.
(2)就我个人而言，在寒冷的夜晚喝杯热牛奶真是一种安慰。

As far as I am concerned，_______________________________________________.
(3)看到我对这一幕感到不舒服，父亲站了起来，走近我，把我抱在怀里，用鼓舞人心的话语温柔地安慰我。

(读后续写之场景描写)
________________________________________，my father rose to his feet，approached me and gathered me into his arms，______________________________________________.
engage vi.参加；参与(活动)vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；雇用(engaged adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的；占线的；使用中的engagement n．订婚；约定)
•engage sb to do sth雇用某人做某事
engage(sb)in(使某人)从事；参与
•be engaged to sb与某人订婚
be engaged in忙于；从事于
(1)Mary will be engaged____________Tom，and their______________(engage)attracts many people’s attention.
(2)According to the initiative，many ambitious graduates will be engaged________________(tutor) children in remote regions.
(3)尽管你忙于你的学习，你也应该抽出一些时间来参加户外运动。

____________________________________________________，you should set aside some time to ____________________________________.
(4)上周举办了一场旨在增强我们的传统文化意识的活动，这引起了很多关注。

An activity aimed at strengthening our sense of traditional culture was held last week，____________________________________.
involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加(involved adj.参与的；投入的involvement n．参与；投入)
•involve(doing)sth包含；需要(做)某事
involve oneself in sth参加……
•be/get involved in参与；卷入；与……有关联；专注于
(1)As far as I know，the____________(involve)of the foreign ministers was itself a sign of progress.
(2)Last weekend，I participated in a voluntary activity which involved____________(care)for old people in a nursery home.
(3)得知你们欢迎来自不同国家的学生，我想参加这次夏令营。

(应用文写作之申请信) Learning that you welcome students from different countries，___________________________
_________________________________.
expectation n．预料，预期；期望；盼望(expect vt.期待，期望；预料，预期expected adj.预期的，预料的unexpected adj.出乎意料的；意外的unexpectedly adv.出乎意料地)
•live up to/meet one’s expectations
不负某人所望
beyond/out of one’s expectations
出乎某人的意料
•expect(sb)to do sth预计/期望(某人)做某事
as expected正如所料；不出所料
(1)In spite of an____________(expect)fall during the race，he jumped to his feet and dashed
towards the finish line.(读后续写之动作描写)
(2)我们渴望这次与您合作的宝贵机会，我们相信我们能够达到您的期望。

We are eager for the precious opportunity to cooperate with you and we are confident that we can ____________________________________.
(3)本周六美术馆将举办一场中国剪纸展，预计将从早上8点开始，持续约4个小时。

(应用文写作之通知)
There will be a Chinese paper-cutting show this Saturday in the art gallery，___________________ _____________________from8：00am.
expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)(exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露) expose...to...使……暴露于……；使……体验……
be exposed to暴露于；接触
(1)Generally speaking，there is a direct link between the sun______________(expose)and skin cancer，so try to avoid exposing your skin____________the sun.
(2)我从小就接触外教，因此，我能够用英语和其他人自由交流。

(应用文写作之申请信)
①I________________________________________________，so I can communicate freely with others in English.
②____________________________________________________________，I can communicate freely with others in English.(用having done作状语改写)
It was the first time that...It was the first time that she had left China.这是她第一次离开中国。

•“It/This/That＋was＋the first/second/...time(that)＋过去完成时”表示“某人第一/第二/……次……”
•“It/This/That＋is＋the first/second/...time(that)＋现在完成时”表示“某人第一/第二/……次……”
•It is/was(about/high)time that...should do sth/did sth意为“到了……做某事的时间了”，should 不能省略。

本句型相当于It is/was(about/high)time for sb to do sth。

•“There was a time when...＋过去完成时”表示“曾经有一段时间……”
(1)It is the first time that he________________(leave)home，which may account for his deep homesickness.
(2)这是双胞胎第一次为母亲准备早餐，因此他们既激动又紧张。

(2021•新课标Ⅰ，读后续写) ________________________________________________a breakfast for their mother，so they were excited and nervous.
(3)到了政府应该采取有效措施保护野生动物免于灭绝的时候了。

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(4)我还记得有一段时间，我对与大自然有关的一切都很着迷。

I still remember___________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________.
疑问词＋不定式I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn’t know the English names for.我不得不学习如何使用公共交通工具，如何要到我不知道英语名字的东西。

•“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等句子成分。

•在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。

•why或why not后加不定式时，省略不定式符号to。

•whether后可接不定式，而if后不可以。

(1)由于他们流露出极强的兴趣，我开始教他们如何泡中国茶。

With their interest greatly sparked，I began to teach them_____________________________
________________________________.
(2)如果你能给我们一些如何改进机器人的建议，我会感激不尽的。

(应用文写作之征求建议)
I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on________________________________ _____________________________.
(3)大卫闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，皱着眉头，考虑着他是否应该参加越野赛。

(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写) David squeezed his eyes，bit his lips and frowned，thinking about ____________________________the cross-country run or not.
(4)为何不参加讨论小组，以便你能找到志同道合的朋友呢？(应用文写作之建议信)
____________________________________so that you can find friends with similar interests?
状语从句的省略Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings.在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。

状语从句的省略有两种形式：
•当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。

•当从句中含有“it＋be动词”时，可将it和be动词省略。

(1)While__________(study)abroad as an exchange student，I experienced overwhelming culture shock.
(2)如果可能的话，我们要把我们一直渴望的旅行推迟到下星期六吗？如果不方便，请告诉我什么时间最适合你。

____________________，shall we put off our trip we have been longing for until next Saturday? ________________________，let me know what time suits you best.
(3)如果(我)被录用，我将致力于为我们公司的发展做出贡献。

__________________________，I will devote myself to making contributions to the development of our firm.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．firm
A.adj.坚硬的
B.adj.稳固的
C.adj.坚定的
D.adj.严格的
E.n.公司
(1)The downturn hit the real estate(房地产)firm where she had worked for ten years as an office manager.(2022·浙江1月)________
(2)In1934，with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act(Act)，an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的)waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.(2021·新课标Ⅰ)________
(3)Make sure the ladder feels firm before you climb up.________
(4)The city walls are as firm as a rock.________
(5)Experts hold the strong belief that parents must be firm with their children.________ 2．dramatic
A.巨大的，急剧的
B.戏剧(学)的
C.激动人心的
D.夸张做作的
(1)She then decided right before the opening to make a dramatic announcement.________
(2)He flung out his arms in a dramatic gesture and rushed at me with a fake smile.________
(3)But his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles.
(2021·浙江6月)________ (4)Habitat loss，pesticide use，and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades，which has damaged the U．S.agricultural economy.(2023·浙江1月)________
3．gain
A.v.获得，得到
B.n.增加
C.v.产生
D.v.(钟表)走得快
E.n.好处，改进
(1)Oh，my goodness！My watch gains20minutes every24hours.________
(2)These policies have resulted in great gains in public health.________
(3)It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not.(2021·天津6月)________
(4)In a study of33years of trends in Body Mass Index(体重指数)across200countries，the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier and that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.(2021·浙江1月)_________
(5)Cattle-raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation(突变)that helps them digest milk as adults.(2020·全国Ⅲ)________
4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)The northern part of the country is usually regarded as the wheat belt.____________
(2)Initially，we didn’t fully grasp the importance of what had happened.____________
(3)Located in Moscow，the Kremlin is a symbol of Russia and one of the world’s largest complexes.____________
(4)It has been proved that people have a bias(偏向)towards the present，focusing on loud attractions in the moment at the expense of the health，well-being and financial stability of their future selves or community.(2023·北京)____________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.Gifted and____________(ambition)，she became the leadership of the cross-country leadership. 2．I really want to obtain this precious opportunity and I hold the firm belief that I can live up to your____________(expect)．(应用文写作之求职信)
3．I am writing to ask for your substantial assistance with my____________(apply)and resume.(应用文写作之求助信)
4．I feel greatly honoured to give a____________(present)about the Mid-Autumn Festival，one of the most important Chinese traditional festivals.(话题写作之传统文化)
5．There is no__________(deny)that we should shift our unhealthy living habits such as going to bed late and not taking regular exercise.(话题写作之健康)
6．As an old saying goes，“No pains，no____________(gain)．”So we should always link our study to hard work.
7．____________________(expose)to foreign surroundings strengthens the mechanic’s general competence and his ability to cooperate with others.
8．The assistant walked to me with great____________(depress)，with the light in her eyes darkened.(读后续写之沮丧心理描写)
9.Thanks to the measures taken by the government，the number of people out of employment decreases______________(dramatic)．
10.Thanks to your reasonable words，I____________(motivate)to stick to my dream.
假定你是李华，你校交换生Steve将要参加学校举办的“Studying in China”留学生汉语演讲比赛，他发来邮件征求你的建议。

请给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.推荐一个话题；
2.说明推荐的理由；
3.给他的建议。

完成句子
1．得知你将参加“留学中国”演讲比赛，我很高兴给你一些建议。

(participate in)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________ 2．既然这是你第一次用中文发表演讲，你最好选择一些相对简单的话题。

(It is the first time that...)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________ 3．在我看来，没有什么话题比“学汉字”更合适了。

(as far as I’m concerned)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________ 4．不可否认，汉字对中国人来说意义重大，因为它们是中国几千年历史的载体，展示了古代____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________ 5．至于其他方面，你不仅要尽可能使你的开场白吸引人，还要记得在演讲时与你的观众进行眼神交流。

(not only...but also...；状语从句的省略)
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组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。

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教材语料整合
亮词[情感描写]ambitious；feel at home；overwhelming；motivated；homesickness；
depressed；expectation；optimistic；sincerely
[动作描写]recall；comfort；participate in；speak up；engage in；get involved in；motivate；expose；grasp；behave；strengthen；deny；cooperate；side with；gain
美句1.Six months ago,19-year-old Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends and boarded a plane for London.(动作描写)
2．I was very excited but also quite nervous.(情感描写)
3．Xie Lei was confused because she thought she knew less than other people.(情感描写)
4.Now halfway through her exchange year，Xie Lei feels much more at home in the UK.(情感描写)
5.British people are fascinated by our culture and eager to learn more about it，so I’m keen to share my culture with them.(情感描写)
6.There are no great difficulties for a person who is brave，optimistic，and willing to work hard！(主旨升华)
7.Chinese students can be seen as cultural envoys promoting friendship between nations.(比喻)
8.All in all，studying abroad helps to build character and increase people’s understanding of cultural diversity while strengthening China and building a shared future for all.(主旨升华)
拓展语料积累情感细节描写：伤心、沮丧、孤独
单词heartbroken adj.心碎的；upset adj.沮丧的n．沮丧；miserable adj.悲惨的；痛苦的；grief n．悲伤；悲痛；lonely adj.孤独的→loneliness n．孤独；painful adj.痛苦的→pain n．痛苦；sorrow n．悲伤→sorrowful adj.悲伤的；frustrated adj.沮丧的→frustration n．沮丧
词块with a heavy/sinking heart心情沉重；with/full of sadness满是悲伤；cry one’s eyes out痛哭；be down/low in spirits情绪低落；cry one’s heart out悲痛；sadness surges within sb某人心中涌起悲伤；feel a surge of sadness感到一阵悲伤；be thrown into a world of darkness被扔进黑暗的世界；sink into loneliness
陷入孤独；drown one’s sadness in wine借酒浇愁
句型1.Sadness surging within her，she burst into tears bitterly.(独立主格结构)她心中涌起悲伤，突然痛哭起来。

2.She walked to me with great sorrow，the light in her eyes darkening，and said
with sadness，“I failed again.”她极度悲伤地向我走来，眼光黯淡，悲伤地说：
“我又失败了。

”
3.His heart sank when he heard the news.听到这个消息，他的心一沉。

4.So desperate was he at the news that he drowned sadness in wine the whole
day.(倒装结构)听到这个消息，他绝望得一整天都在借酒消愁。

5.I felt like I was floating in an ocean of sadness.(比喻)我觉得自己在悲伤的海
洋里沉沉浮浮。

6.As a result of the accident，she was thrown into a world of darkness and bathed
in tears all days.出事后，她被抛入了一个黑暗的世界，终日以泪洗面。

语料运用孤身求学
①______________________(分词短语作状语)，I②___________________________.So depressed was I that③____________________________________________.There was a time
④____________________________________________.Luckily，the warm-hearted classmates
⑤______________________________________________________________________________ __，from which I gained a lot.Gradually⑥____________________________________(倒装结构) but also I strengthened my confidence.⑦________________________________________(with的复合结构)，I became increasingly optimistic.A smile of happiness appeared on my face.
暴露在完全陌生的环境中，我被一种孤独感淹没了。

我如此沮丧，以至于我觉得自己好像被扔进了一个黑暗的世界。

曾经有一段时间，我每天都以泪洗面。

幸运的是，热心的同学们真诚地激励我抓住每一个机会参加集体活动，从中我收获了很多。

渐渐地，我不仅感到轻松自在，而且增强了信心。

有了同学们支持和安慰我，我变得越来越乐观。

我脸上露出了幸福的微笑。