2021届扬州市教育学院附属中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析

2021届扬州市教育学院附属中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案
解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
On a rainy afternoon, maybe one of the following books will keep you company leisurely, allowing you to spend your time alone as well as stepping into a different world.
Don’t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These Streets,by Patricio Pron
In April 1945,Italy, a writer disappeared at a conference and was found dead at another place. Thirty years later, a young man interviewed survivors from the conference, trying to uncover the truth about what happened and its consequences. This novel, by a well-known Argentine writer, explores art, crime and politics.
When Breath Becomes Air, by Paul Kalanithi
At thirty-six, Paul Kalanithi was diagnosed (诊断) with stage IV lung cancer. One day he was a doctor treating the dying, and the next he was a patient. This autobiography finds hope and beauty in the face of death as Kalanithi attempts to answer the question “What makes a life worth living?”.
To Killa Mockingbird, by Harper Lee
Set in a smallAlabamatown in the 1930s, the story focuses on honest, highly respected lawyer Atticus Finch who puts his career on the line when he agrees to represent Tom Robinson, a black man accused of committing a crime.
Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true (as told to me) storyby Bess Kalb
Bess Kalb saved every voicemail from her grandmother Bobby Bell who died at ninety. In this book, Bobby is speaking to Bess once more, in a voice as loving as it ever was in life and brings us several generations of brave women. They include Bobby’s mother, who traveled alone fromBelarustoAmericato survive, and Bess’s mother, who always fought against convention.
1.What type of book is the first novel?
A.Sci-fi.
B.Biography.
C.Detective books.
D.History books.
2.Which book explores life and death?
A.To Kill a Mockingbird
B.When Breath Becomes Air
C.Don’t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These Streets
D.Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true (as told to me) story
3.Who is the main character in the last novel?
A.Bobby Bell.
B.Bess Kalb.
C.Bess’s mother.
D.Bobby’s mother.
B
Thefirst thing we notice about new people are their faces. The next time we see these people, we remember them because we remember their faces. This seems like a simple process. However, scientists found that it is not such a simple process. The section of the brain that is responsible for face recognition seems to work differently for different people. Some people have great difficulty remembering and recognizing faces, while others almost never forget a face.
Normal babies are born with a natural ability to recognize faces. In fact, their face recognition abilities are much better than their parents. Babies are most highly skilled at face recognition at six months. But by nine months, they lose this skill. By nine months, a baby’s face-recognition skills are about the same as an adult’s.
Unfortunately, some people are not born with this ability to recognize faces. The part of the brain that is responsible for face recognition doesn’t work for them. This condition is called face blindness. People with very severe face blindness cannot even recognize their own faces. In fact, people with this condition can sometimes be frightened when they look in the mirror. They don’t recognize their own face, so for a second they are startled when they see this unfamiliar face.
Face blindness is not always severe. Scientists believe up to 10 percent of the population may be affected by face blindness to some degree, yet many people with mild face blindness might not even know they have it. They have no reason to know they are different from anyone else until someone points it out. This is similar to people with color1 blindness. Colorblind people can’t see the difference between certain color1 s such as red and green, until someone tells them that green and red are two different color1 s.
There is no cure for face blindness. So for the time being, people with face blindness need to find simple techniques to compensate for their problem. They can try to recognize people by their hairstyle, their voice, or their glasses. Hopefully, in the future as scientists learn more about this condition, they may find a cure.
4. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The way to improve one’s face-recognition skills.
B. The simple process of the brain to recognize others’ faces.
C. The fact that some people have face-recognition problems.
D. The importance of face recognition in human communication.
5. When do children have the best face-recognition skills?
A. At birth.
B. Half a year old.
C. Nine months old.
D. In adolescence.
6. What does the underlined word “startled” in the 3rd paragraph probably mean?
A. Depressed.
B. Confused.
C. Embarrassed.
D. Surprised.
7. What does the author think of the problem of face blindness?
A. People need to take it seriously.
B. Certain techniques can make up for it.
C. It will be cured in the near future.
D. It has the same effect with color1 blindness.
C
Elizabeth Spelke, a cognitive psychologist at Harvard, has spent her career testing the world’s most complex learning system-the mind of a baby. Babies might seem like no match for artificial intelligence (AI). They are terrible at labeling images, hopeless at mining text, and awful at video games. Then again, babies can do things beyond the reach of any AI. By just a few months old, they’ve begun to grasp the foundations of language, such as grammar. They’ve started to understand how to adapt to unfamiliar situations.
Yet even experts like Spelke don’t understand precisely how babies or adults learn. Consider one of the most impressive examples of AI, Alpha Zero, a programme that plays board games with superhuman skill. After playing thousands of games against itself at a super speed, and learning from winning positions, Alpha Zero independently discovered several famous chess strategies and even invented new ones. It certainly seems like a machineeclipsinghuman cognitive abilities. But Alpha Zero needs to play millions more games than a person during practice to learn a game. Most importantly, it cannot take what it has learned from the game and apply it to another area.
To some AI experts, that calls for a new approach. In a November research paper, Francois Chollet, a well-known AI engineer, argued that it’s misguided to measure machine intelligence just according to its skills at specific tasks. “Humans don’t start out with skills; they start out with a broad ability to acquire new skills,” he says. “What a strong human chess player is demonstrating is not only the ability to play chess, but the potential to fulfill
any task of a similar difficulty.”
8. Compared to an advanced AI programme, a baby might be better at ________.
A playing games B. identifying locations C. labeling pictures D. making adjustments
9. What does the underlined word “eclipsing” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Imitating.
B. Beating.
C. Limiting.
D. Promoting.
10. According to the text, Francois Chollet may agree that ________.
A. AI is good at completing certain assignments.
B. AI is likely to gain abilities with less training.
C. AI lacks the ability of acquiring specific skills.
D. AI performs better than humans in cognitive ability.
11. Whichwould be the best title for this passage?
A. What is exactly intelligence?
B. Why is modern AI advanced?
C. Where is human intelligence going?
D. How do humans face the challenge of AI?
D
In the U. S., speaking more than one language fluently is not very common except in Los Angeles, California.
The city has one of the largest population in the U. S. of young people between the ages of 18 and 34. This generation is often called millennials (新千年一代). More than half of millennials in Los Angeles are bilingual (双语的), which means they speak more than one language.
Maria Elena Burgos is cooking a Mexican breakfast. She says making Mexican food is just one of the many traditions in her home. Another is speaking Spanish to her children.
“We want them to be bilingual. We want to keep the Spanish somewhere in their learning too, not only at home.”
When Ms Burgos first came to the United States from Mexico, she learned English. She knew her children would learn English quickly. So she wanted them to speak Spanish at home and study the language at school.
She says being bilingual will give them more opportunities in the future. Knowing Spanish also means the children can talk with their s in Mexico.
“When we had our children, one of the decisions we as parents made was to name them with a name that was easily pronounced in English and Spanish.”
Elizabeth wants to know her family’s culture.” “The culture-to go back to our roots because that’s part of who
we are.”
Monica wants to pass on the culture to her children
“It’s nice to know our culture and then to be able to pass it onto our children and grand-children and everyone to let them know where we come from.”
And, Monica says she does not speak only English and Spanish. She has even learned some Korean in school.
12. Which of the following is a tradition of Maria?
A. Cooking breakfast for her s.
B. Talking with her children in Spanish.
C. Talking with her s in Spanish.
D. Forcing her children to speak Spanish.
13. What can be inferred from Monica’s words?
A. She doesn’t care where she comes from.
B. She looks forward to learning Spanish.
C. Everyone should know his own culture.
D. She doesn’t like American culture.
14. Which of the following is mentioned about children speaking more languages?
A. It can give children more chances in the future.
B. It can make children feel proud before their friends.
C. It can give the children a chance to go to a good college.
D. It can let children go to the places where they want to go.
15. What’s the main purpose of this passage?
A. To entertain the readers with a funny story.
B. To inform the readers of a shocking experiment result.
C. To encourage more persons to learn a second language.
D. To tell a truth that many people in Los Angeles are bilingual.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Have you ever been on social media and seen your favourite superstars talking about aproduct? These endorsements(代言) might not be totally accidental, and are actually seen as a important part of the marketing process.____16____.
Human desire for making friends, combined with our need to belong to a group, make us easy to be ‘socially influenced’.____17____. So, what do these endorsements actually do?
Firstly, they can be used to build brand(品牌) awareness. A social media influencer should have a strong understanding of the platform they operate on, and therefore can create engaging content that not only contributes to the brand image, but sparks their followers’ interests in a product they might never have seen before.
Secondly, influencers can improve a company or product’s relationship with their customer base. According to InMoment’s 2018 US Retail CX Trends Report on customer loyalty, 77% of buyers have been brand loyal for more than ten years.____18____. A popular star can talk or blog about a product, which can create an instant and lasting bond with the consumer.
____19____. We are more likely to respond to ‘peer recommendation’ than traditional ads, meaning the fact we see an influencer as a ‘friend’ can make us less likely to be sceptical about what we are seeing.
So, the next time you see a celebrity talking about a product, you might want to consider it.____20____. If you find yourself perusing(细看) a product you’ve seen on social media, you may well have been influenced.
A. Finally, it’s easier said than done.
B. This is also true of 60% of millennials(千禧一代).
C. The question is: where can we find the information of it?
D. So how do social media influencers ‘influence’ what you buy?
E. Lastly, influencers can improve customer buying habits with seemingly ‘fair opinion’.
F. It could be a carefully crafted marketing strategy designed to target your core needs.
G. Companies often use that desire to have a similar lifestyle to a celebrity we admire to hawk or launch a product.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Last year, I took an improvisational (即兴的) comedy class. I made a successful attempt to___21___my comfort zone and to have fun. One of the first things our teacher, Myles Goldin, told us to do whenever anyone made a mistake during an exercise was to___22___our hands high in the air and___23___, “Wahoo!” Within a couple of minutes of starting our first game, some students___24___to catch the virtual (虚拟) ball. Suddenly, Goldin was leading us in a round of yelling “Wahoo!” Goldin was conveying a central___25___; Mistakes are not only okay, they’re necessary building blocks of learning and creativity. “We should embrace and___26___mistakes, because we couldn’t grow and create cool things without them,” she said.
An increasing number of teachers are also doing so by encouraging students to___27___in direct experimentation. They are replacing the traditional “sage (智者) on stage” teaching style with“___28___on the side.” Students must instead attempt to think___29___, guided by a teacher’s careful questioning. This requires a lot of_____30_____and error. Along the way, students learn to_____31_____how failure often leads – inadvertently (无意中) — to new discoveries and inventions.
One such program involves the design and construction of a pinhole (针孔) camera. Students use materials such as an old shoebox and oatmeal container, and must apply concepts from all four STEM_____32_____— science, technology, engineering and mathematics. Despite the apparent_____33_____of the materials provided, the challenge requires knowledge of light and optics (光学), engineering design processes (such as meeting the customer needs), mathematical modeling and scientific experimentation.
The researchers found that learning outcomes were higher for students in science classes that take a student-centered_____34_____. Some of these effects were both significant and sustainable (可持续的). For instance, a_____35_____influence was measured onscores for tests taken 5.5 months after the original instruction. And the results appear to_____36_____to all students — from kindergarten through college.
Learning from mistakes is hardly a(n)_____37_____teaching or life philosophy. A century ago, after live months and more than 9,000 experiments, famed inventor Thomas Edison still wasn’t able to make a new type of storage battery_____38_____, according to a 1910 authorized biography. When a colleague_____39_____all that effort had failed to produce any results, Edison retorted (反驳): “Results! Why, man, I have gotten a lot of_____40_____! I know several thousand things that won’ t work.”
21. A.stretch B.convey C.establish D.cover
22. A.shake B.reach C.throw D.clap
23. A.roar B.yell C.cheer D.crow
24. A.struggled B.failed C.pretended D.managed
25. A.note B.report C.speech D.message
26. A.celebrate B.approve C.support D.avoid
27. A.take B.engage C.enter D.occupy
28. petitor B.trainer C.guide D.partner
29. A.positively B.critically C.personally D.honestly
30. A.intention B.attempt C.judgment D.trial
31. A.appreciate B.enjoy C.value D.observe
32. A.exercises B.regulations C.disciplines D.tests
33. A.rarity B.hardship C.variety D.simplicity
34. A.approach B.access C.test D.chance
35. A.primitive B.predictable C.potential D.positive
36. A.fit B.contribute C.apply D.occur
37. A.new B.unique C.advanced D.unknown
38. A.solve B.move C.work D.promote
39. A.took out B.pointed out C.handed out D.picked out
40. A.inventions B.experiments C.batteries D.results
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Tasting a Biker’s Life
For most of my life I knew nothing about motorcycles. I believed that motorcycle riders were tough and leather-wearing loners. They seemed___41.___(look) for trouble all the time, using the roar of a motorcycle engine to frighten others off.
Then, on a warm May evening outside my house, my cousin came and showed me his new motorcycle. Never had a real motorcycle___42.___(present) in front of me by a close family member. “It’s beautiful, isn’t it?” he asked. But I didn’t really understand what I was looking at.
It wasn’t until August___43.___I was able to actually ride on the motorcycle with him. I prepared___44.___oversized leather jacket for myself.___45.___(fill) with nervous energy, I held on tightly to my cousin. Soon the bike carried us onto the top of the hill,___46.___we stopped to watch the sun set over the city below. I realized that was the most relaxing moment for me in months.
Since then, my prejudices about motorcycle bikers___47.___(start) to shift. On the back of a motorcycle,___48.___(place) all your trust in someone to get you safely home is a way to remind you of the love they have for you. Later, whenever my cousin was gone on a Saturday ride, I would try on his leathers and look in the mirror, wondering if I was___49.___a biker myself.
Maybe the most important lesson, though, is that you really can’t judge a man by his
appearance,___50.___much leather he wears. Motorcycle bikers are not scary, or mean, or unapproachable. They’re adults who remember the freedom of riding their first bicycle, and are continuously seeking to recreate the experience.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.单句改错
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

There is no doubt she will call us when she gets there.
The writer added more details in his article and then gave it to the editor.
At last the dining room was completed the way in that he wanted.
Now that Mr. Smith is in the charge of the shop, you may go and ask him for help.
More expressways will built in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.
The country is prosperous and the people live in a peace.
As for the English Speaking Competition, when it will be held has not decided yet.
This is the office which he worked.
Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result doing too much shopping.
Please pay more attention to pronounce this word.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。

你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他想强身健体，计划选择一项可以长期坚持的运动并向你征询建议。

请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.推荐的运动；
2.推荐的理由。

注意：1.词数不少于50；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. C
6. D
7. A
8. D 9. B 10. A 11. A
12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
16. D 17. G 18. B 19. E 20. F
21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32.
C 33.
D 34. A 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D
41. to be looking
42. been presented
43. that 44. an
45. Filled 46. where/and
47. have started
48. placing 49. like
50. however
51.(1). no后that
(2). in→ to (3). that→ which
(4). 去掉charge前的the
(5). will后加be
(6). 去掉peace前的a
(7). not后加been
(8). which→ where
(9). result后加of
(10). pronounce→ pronouncing
【51题详解】
考查固定句型。

句意：毫无疑问，她到了会给我们打电话的。

表示“毫无疑问……”句型为there is no doubt that…。

故no后加that。

【52题详解】
考查介词。

句意：作者在文章中添加了更多的细节，然后交给编辑。

结合句意表示“添加……”短语为add sth. to。

故in改为to。

【53题详解】
考查定语从句。

句意：饭厅终于按他的要求布置好了。

此处为“介词+关系代词”定语从句修饰先行词way，作介词in的宾语，指物，在“介词+关系代词”定语从句中只能用which引导。

故that改为which。

【54题详解】
考查固定短语。

句意：既然史密斯先生负责商店，你可以去找他帮忙。

结合句意表示“负责”短语为in charge of。

故去掉charge前the。

【55题详解】
考查动词语态。

句意：为了促进当地经济的发展，四川很快将建设更多的高速公路。

主语expressways与谓语动词build构成被动关系，结合上文will可知，此处为一般将来时的被动语态。

故will后加be。

【56题详解】
考查固定短语。

句意：国家繁荣，人民安居乐业。

短语live in peace“安居乐业，和平相处”。

故去掉peace 前的a。

【57题详解】
考查动词语态。

句意：至于英语演讲比赛，什么时候举行还没有决定。

此处主语when it will be held与谓语动词decide构成被动关系，结合上文has not可知，此处为现在完成时的被动语态。

故not后加been。

【58题详解】
考查定语从句。

句意：这是他工作过的办公室。

此处为定语从句，修饰先行词office，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。

故which改为where。

【59题详解】
考查介词。

句意：珍妮买了太多东西，差点误了班机。

短语as a result of doing sth.表示“作为做某事的结果”。

故result后加of。

【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。

句意：请多注意这个词的发音。

短语pay more attention to doing sth.表示“更注意做某事”，后跟动名词作宾语。

故pronounce改为pronouncing
52.略。