河南大学2023年620英语阅读写作和翻译能力考研真题(回忆版)

河南大学2023年620英语阅读写作和翻译能力考研真题（回忆版）
一、阅读（4篇阅读，每篇阅读5道选择题，每道选择题2分，共计40分）PASSAGE ONE（选自2019年12月六级第3套第1篇）
Schools are not just a microcosm(缩影) of society: they mediate it too. The best seek to alleviate the external pressures on their pupils while equipping them better to understand and handle the world outside-- at once sheltering them and broadening their horizons. This is ambitious in any circumstances. and in a divided and unequal society the two ideals can clash outright(直接地). Trips that many adults would consider the adventure of a lifetime-treks in Borneo, a sports tour to Barbados-appear to have become almost routine at some state schools. Parents are being asked for thousands of pounds. Though schools cannot profit from these trips, the companies that arrange them do. Meanwhile, pupils arrive at school hungry because their families can’t afford breakfast. The Child Poverty Action Group says nine out of 30 in every classroom fall below the poverty line. The discrepancy is startlingly apparent. Introducing a fundraising requirement for students does not help, as better-off children can tap up richer aunts and neighbours.
Probing the rock pools of a local beach or practising French on a language exchange can fire children’s passions, boost their skills and open their eyes to life’s possibilities. Educational outings help bright but disadvantaged students to get better scores in A-level tests. In this globalised age, there is a good case for international travel. and some parents say they can manage the cost of a school trip abroad more easily than a family holiday. Even in the face of immense and mounting financial pressures. some schools have shown remarkable determination and ingenuity in ensuring that all their pupils are able to take up opportunities that may be truly life-changing. They should be applauded. Methods such as whole-school fundraising. with the proceeds(收益) pooled, can help to extend opportunities and fuel community spirit.
But ￡3,000 trips cannot be justified when the average income for families with children is just over ￡30,000. Such initiatives close doors for many pupils. Some parents pull their children out of school because of expensive field trips. Even parents who can see that a trip is little more than a party or celebration may well feel guilt that their child is left behind.
The Department for Education’s guidance says schools can charge only for board and lodging if the trip is part of the syllabus, and that students receiving government aid are exempt from these costs. However, many schools seem to ignore the advice; and it does not cover the kind of glamorous, exotic trips. which are becoming increasingly common. Schools cannot be expected to bring together communities single-handed. But the least we should expect is that they do not foster divisions and exclude those who are already disadvantaged.
1.What does the author say best schools should do?
A) Prepare students to both challenge and change the divided unequal society.
B) Protect students from social pressures and enable them to face the world.
C) Motivate students to develop their physical as well as intellectual abilities.
D) Encourage students to be ambitious and help them to achieve their goals.
2.What does the author think about school field trips?
A) They enable students from different backgrounds to mix with each other.
B)They widen the gap between privileged and disadvantaged students.
C) They give the disadvantaged students a chance to see the world.
D) They only benefit students with rich relatives and neighbours.
3.What does the author suggest can help build community spirit?
A) Events aiming to improve community services.
B) Activities that help to fuel students’ ingenuity.
C) Events that require mutual understanding.
D) Activities involving all students on campus.
4.What do we learn about low-income parents regarding school field trips?
A) They want their children to participate even though they don’t see much benefit.
B) They don’t want their kids to participate but find it hard to keep them from going.
C) They don’t want their kids to miss any chance to broaden their horizons despite the cost.
D)They want their children to experience adventures but they don’t want them to run risks,
5. What is the author’s expectation of schools?
A) Bringing a community together with ingenuity.
B) Resolving the existing discrepancies in society.
C) Avoiding creating new gaps among students.
D) Giving poor students preferential treatment.
PASSAGETWO选自2021专八第1篇阅读（前四题为原题）
(1)The gorilla is something of a paradox in the African scene. One thinks one knows him well. For a hundred years or more he has been killed, captured and imprisoned in zoos. His bones have been mounted in natural history museums everywhere, and he has always exerted a strong fascination upon scientists and romantics alike. He is the stereotyped monster of the horror films and the adventure books, and an obvious (though not perhaps strictly scientific) link with our ancestral past.
(2) Yet the fact is we know very little about gorillas. No really satisfactory photograph has ever been taken of one in a wild state; no zoologist, however intrepid, has been able to keep the animal under close and constant observation in the dark jungles in which it lives. Carl Akeley, the American naturalist, led two expeditions to Uganda in the 1920s and now lies buried there among the animals he loved so well; but even he was unable to discover how long the gorilla lives, or how or why it dies, nor was he able to define the exact social pattern of the family groups, or indicate the final extent of their intelligence. All this and many other things remain almost as much a mystery as they were when the French explorer Du Chaillu first described the animal to the civilized world a century ago. The Abominable Snowman who haunts the imagination of climbers in the Himalayas is hardly more elusive.
(3) The little that is known about gorillas certainly makes you want to know more. Sir Julian Huxley has recorded that thrice in the London Zoo he saw an eighteen-month-old specimen trace the outline of its own shadow with its finger. “No similar artistic initiative," he writes, “has been recorded for any other anthropoid ( 类人猿), though we all know now that young chimpanzees will paint 'pictures' if provided with the necessary materials." Huxley speaks too of a traveler seeing a male gorilla help a female up a steep rockstep, and gallantry of that kind is certainly not normal among animals. It is this “human-ness" of the gorilla that is so beguiling. According to some observers he courts and makes love the same way as humans do. Once the family is established it clings together. It feeds in a group in the thick bamboo jungles on the mountainside in the daytime , each animal making a tidy pile of its food 一wild celery, bamboo
shoots, and other leaves - and squatting down to eat it; and by night each member of the family makes its own bed by bending over and interlacing the bamboo fronds so as to form a kind of oval-shaped nest which is as comfortable and springy as a mattress. The father tends to make his bed just a foot or two from the ground, the mother a little higher, and the children are safely lodged in the branches up above.
(4) When he walks the gorilla takes the main weight on his short legs and rests lightly on the knuckles of his hands at the end of his very long arms. When he stands upright a full-grown male rises to six feet, but with that immense chest he is far heavier than any normal man could ever be. Six hundred pounds is not uncommon. His strength is incredible 一certainly great enough to take a man in his arms and wrench his head off.
(5) Gorillas appear to talk to one another in high-pitched voices, not unlike those of women, or by smacking their lips or striking their cheeks, and the female, if alarmed, will scream. The male is capable of making a frightening demonstration in the face of danger. He stays behind while his family gets away, rising to his feet and uttering a terrifying roar. Sometimes he will drum on his chest and shake the trees around him with every appearance of uncontrollable fury. In extremity he will charge.
(6) But all this is no more than shadow boxing as a general rule, for the gorilla is a gentle, kindly creature, a most forgiving ape who lives at peace with all the other animals, and his reputation for savagery and belligerence is nothing but a myth. When the animal charges, the thing to do is to stand your ground and look him in the eye. Then he will turn aside and slip away through the undergrowth.
6.Which of the following facts about gorillas does mankind know?
A Lifespan. B. Causes of death. C. Family structure. D. Bone structure.
7.Which of the following words is closer to the meaning of“mystery" in Para. 2?
A. Myth.
B. Elusive.
C. Horror.
D. Stereotyped.
8.What does the author mean by saying “But all this is no more than shadow boxing, . . (Para. 6)?
A. When facing danger, gorillas seldom intend to attack others.
B. When gorillas get into fury, they usually attack others.
C. When the family is in danger, the male gorilla protects them.
D. When alarmed, the male gorilla is more likely to show fury.
9,We can learn from the passage that the author's attitude towards gorillas is .
A.ambiguous
B. hostile
C. sympathetic
D. nonchalant
10.What does “belligerence” in para 6 mean?
A.Cruelty
B.aggressiveness
C.
D.
PASSAGE THREE 选自2021年专八第2篇阅读（前4题为原题）
(1)In the town there were two mutes, and they were always together. Early every morning they would come out from the house where they lived and walk arm in arm down the street to work . The one who always steered the way was an obese and dreamy Greek. In the summer he would come out wearing a yellow or green polo shirt stuffed sloppily into his trousers in front and hanging loose behind. When it was colder he wore over this a shapeless gray sweater. His face was round and oily, with half-closed eyelids and lips that curved in a gentle, stupid smile. The other mute was tall. His eyes had a quick, intelligent expression. He was always immaculate and very soberly dressed. Every morning the two friends walked silently together until they reached
the main street of the town. Then when they came to a certain fruit and candy store they paused for a moment on the sidewalk outside. The Greek, Spiros Antonapoulos,worked for his cousin, who owned this fruit store. His job was to make candies and sweets, uncrate the fruits, and keep the place clean. The thin mute, John Singe, nearly always put his hand on his friend's arm and looked for a second into his face before leaving him. Then after this goodbye Singer crossed the street and walked on alone to the jewelry store where he worked as a silverware engraver. In the late afternoon the friends would meet again. Singer came back to the fruit store and waited until Antonapoulos was ready to go home. The Greek would be lazily unpacking a case of peaches or melons, or perhaps looking at the funny paper in the kitchen behind the store where he cooked. Before their departure Antonapouloes always opened a paper sack he kept hidden during the day on one of the kitchen shelves. Inside were stored various bits of food he had collected 一a piece of fruit or samples of candy. Usually before leaving Antonapouloes waddled gently to the gassed case in the front of the store where some meats and cheeses were kept. He glided open the back of the case and his fat hand groped lovingly for some particular dainty inside which he had wanted. Sometimes his cousin who owned the place did not see him. But if he noticed he stared at his cousin with a warning in his tight, pale face. Sadly Antonapoulos would shuffle the morsel from one corner of the case to the other. During these times Singer stood very straight with his hands in his pockets and looked in another direction. He did not like to watch this little scene between the two Greeks. For, except drinking and a certain solitary secret pleasure, Antonapoulos loved to eat more than anything else in the world.
(2) In the dusk the two mutes walked slowly home together. At home Singer was always talking to Antonapoulos. His hands shaped the words in a swift series of designs. His face was eager and his graygreen eyes sparkled brightly. With his thin, strong hands he told Antonapoulos all that had happened during the day.
(3)When back at home, Antonapoulos sat back lazily and looked at Singer. It was seldom that he ever moved his hands to speak at all 一and then it was to say that he wanted to eat or to sleep or to drink . These three things he always with the same vague, fumbling signs. At night, if he were not too drunk, he would kneel down before his bed and pray awhile Then his plump hands shaped the words Holy Jesus,or God, or Darling Mary, These were the only words Antonapoulos ever said. Singer never knew just how much his friend understood of all the things he told him. But it did not matter.
(4)They shared the upstairs of a small house near the business section of the town. There were two rooms. On the oil stove in the kitchen Antonapoulos cooked all of their meals, There were straight, plain kitchen chairs for Singer and an overstuffed sofa for Antonapoulos. The bedroom was furnished mainly with a large double bed covered with an eiderdown comforter for the big Greek and a narrow iron cot for Singer.
(5)Dinner always took a long time, because Antonapoulos loved food and he was very slow. After they had eaten, the big Greek would lie beck on his sofa and slowly lick over each one of his teeth with his tongue, either from a certain delicacy or because he did not wish to lose the savor or the meal - while Singer washed the dishes.
(6)Sometimes in the evening the mutes would play chess. Singer had always greatly enjoyed this game, and years before he had tied to teach it to Antonapoulos At first his fiend could not be interested in the reasons for moving the various pieces about on the board.Then Singer began to keep a bottle of something good under the table to be taken out after each lesson The Greek never
got on to the erratic movements of the knights and the sweeping mobility of the queens, but he learned to make a few set, opening moves. He preferred the white pieces and would not play if the black men were given him. After the first moves Singer worked out the game by himself while his friend looked on drowsily. If Singer made brilliant attacks on his own men so that in the end the black king was killed, Antonapoulos was always very proud and pleased.
(7)The two mutes had no other friends, and except when they worked they were alone together. Each day was very much like any other day, because they were alone so much that nothing ever disturbed them. Once a week they would go to the library for Singer to withdraw a mystery book and on Friday night they attended a movie. Then on payday they always went to the ten-cent photograph shop above the Army and Navy Store so that Antonapoulos could have his picture taken. These were the only places where they made customary visits. There were many parts tn the town that they had never even seen. The town was in the middle of the deep South. The summers were long and the months of winter cold were very few. Nearly always the sky was a glassy, brilliant azure and the sun burned down riotously bright. Then the light, chill rains of November would come, and perhaps later there would be frost and some short months of cold. The winters were changeable, but the summers always were burning hot. The town was a fairly large one. On the main street there were several blocks of two and three-story shops and business offices. But the largest buildings in the town were the factories, which employed a large percentage of the population. These cotton mills were big and flourishing and most of the workers in the town were very poor. 0ften in the faces along the streets there was the desperate look of hunger and of loneliness. But the two mutes were not lonely at all. At home they were content to eat and drink, and Singer would talk with his hands eagerly to his friend about all that was in his mind. So the years passed in this quiet way until Singer reached the age of thirty-two and had been in the town with Antonapoulos for ten years.
11.Which of the following pairs of words does NOT indicate contrast?
A "yellow or green" and“soberly dressed" (Para 1).
B."burning hot" and "a glassy, brilliant azure" (Para 7)
C."gentle, stupid smile" and “quick, intelligent expression" (Para 1).
D.“straight, plain kitchen chairs" and "an overstuffed sofa" (Para 4).
12.From the passage we know that Singer seems to .
A.like to play chess less
B.like to eat more things
C.be more sympathetic
D.be more talkative"
13.We learn from the narration in Para 6 that
A Singer usually had to finish a game of chess by himself
B.both were interested in playing chess in the evening
C.Antonapoulos was quick in learning how to play chess
D. Antonapoulos was pleased when white pieces were attacked
14. Which of the following groups of words BEST sums up the message in Para. 7?
A. Booming business and poverty-stricken population.
B. After-work leisure and desperate attempt for survival.
C. Self-contentment and omnipresent desperation.
D. Changeable short winter and hot long summer.
15.What does “customary” in para 7 mean?
A.habitual
B.traditional
C.long
D.
PASSAGE FOUR 选自2017年专八第1篇
(1)It’s 7 pm on a balmy Saturday night in June, and I have just ordered my first beer in I Cervejaria, a restaurant in Zambujeira do Mar, one of the prettiest villages on Portugal’s south west coast. The place is empty, but this doesn’t surprise me at all. I have spent two weeks in this area, driving along empty roads, playing with my son on empty beaches, and staying in B&Bs where we are the only guests.
(2)No doubt the restaurant, run by two brothers for the past 28 years, is buzzing in July and August, when Portuguese holidaymakers descend on the Alentejo coast. But for the other 10 months of the year, the trickle of diners who come to feast on fantastically fresh seafood reflects the general pace of life in the Alentejo: sleepy, bordering on comatose.
(3) One of the poorest, least-developed, least-populated regions in western Europe, the Alentejo has been dubbed both the Provence and the Tuscany of Portugal. Neither is accurate. Its scenery is not as pretty and, apart from in the capital Evora, its food isn’t as sophisticated. The charms of this land of wheat fields, cork oak forests, wildflower meadows and tiny white-washed villages, are more subtle than in France or Italy’s poster regions.
(4) To travel here is to step back in time 40 or 50 years. Life rolls along at a treacly pace; there’s an unnerving stillness to the landscape. But that stillness ends abruptly at the Atlantic Ocean, where there is drama in spades. Protected by the South West Alentejo and Costa Vicentina national park, the 100 km of coastline from Porto Covo in the Alentejo to Burgau in the Algarve is the most stunning in Europe. And yet few people seem to know about it. Walkers come to admire the views from the Fisherman’s Way, surfers to ride the best waves in Europe, but day after day we had spectacular beaches to ourselves.
(5) The lack of awareness is partly a matter of accessibility (these beaches are a good two hours’ drive from either Faro or Lisbon airports) and partly to do with a lack of beach side accommodation. There are some gorgeous, independent guesthouses in this area, but they are hidden in valleys or at the end of dirt tracks.
(6) Our base was a beautiful 600-acre estate of uncultivated land covered in rock-rose, eucalyptus and wild flowers 13km inland from Zambujeira. Our one-bedroom home, Azenha, was once home to the miller who tended the now-restored watermill next to it. A kilometre away from the main house, pool and restaurant, it is gloriously isolated.
(7) Stepping out of the house in the morning to greet our neighbours – wild horses on one side, donkeys on the other – with nothing but birdsong filling the air, I felt a sense of adventure you normally only get with wild camping.
(8) “When people first arrive, they feel a little anxious wondering what they are going to do the whole time,” Sarah Gredley, the English owner of estate, told me. “But it doesn’t usually take them long to realize that the whole point of being here is to slow down, to enjoy nature.”
(9) We followed her advice, walking down to the stream in search of terrapins and otters, or through clusters of cork oak trees. On some days, we tramped uphill to the windmill, now a romantic house for two, for panoramic views across the estate and beyond.
(10) When we ventured out, we were always drawn back to the coast – the gentle sands and shallow bay of Farol beach. At the end of the day, we would head, sandy-footed, to the nearest restaurant, knowing that at every one there would be a cabinet full of fresh seafood to choose from
– bass, salmon, lobster, prawns, crabs, goose barnacles, clams … We never ate the same thing twice.
(11) A kilometre or so from I Cervejaria, on Zambujeira’s idyllic natural harbour is O Sacas, originally built to feed the fishermen but now popular with everyone. After scarfing platefuls of seafood on the terrace, we wandered down to the harbour where two fishermen, in wetsuits, were setting out by boat across the clear turquoise water to collect goose barnacles. Other than them the place was deserted – just another empty beauty spot where I wondered for the hundredth time that week how this pristine stretch of coast has remained so undiscovered.
16.The first part of Para. 4 refers to the fact that .
A. life there is quiet and slow
B. the place is little known
C. the place is least populated
D.there are stunning views
17. “The lack of awareness” in Para. 5 refers to.
A. different holidaying preferences
B. difficulty of finding accommodation
C. little knowledge of the beauty of the beach
D. long distance from the airports
18.The author uses “gloriously” in Para. 6 to .
A.describe the scenery outside the house
B. show appreciation of the surroundings
C. contrast greenery with isolation
D.praise the region’s unique feature
19.The sentence “We never ate the same thing twice” in Para. 10 reflects the of the seafood there. A. Freshness B. delicacy C. taste D. variety
20.Which of the following themes is repeated in both Paras. 1 and 11?
A. Publicity.
B. Landscape.
C. Seafood.
D. Accommodation.
二、完形填空（一篇，10个选择题，每题是四个选项，选一个，每题2分，共计20分）
Problems of British university education (有根据句意、上下文选名词，有根据搭配选介词）
三、翻译（一篇汉译英30分，一篇英译汉30分，共计60分）
1.汉译英
燕子去了，有再来的时候；杨柳枯了，有再青的时候；桃花谢了，有再开的时候。

但是，聪明的，你告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢？——是有人偷了他们罢：那是谁？又藏在何处呢？是他们自己逃走了罢：现在又到了哪里呢？我不知道他们给了我多少日子；但我的手确乎是渐渐空虚了。

在默默里算着，八千多日子已经从我手中溜去；像针尖上一滴水滴在大海里，我的日子滴在时间的流里，没有声音，也没有影子。

我不禁头涔涔而泪潸潸了。

去的尽管去了，来的尽管来着；去来的中间，又怎样地匆匆呢？早上我起来的时候，小屋里射进两三方斜斜的太阳。

2.英译汉：
Tucked away in our subconscious is an idyllic vision. We see ourselves on a long trip that spans the continent. We are traveling by train. Out the windows, we drink in the passing scene of cars on nearby highways, of children waving at a crossing, of cattle grazing on a distant hillside, of smoke pouring from a power plant, of row upon row of corn and wheat, of flatlands and valleys, of mountains and rolling hillsides, of city skylines and village halls.But uppermost in our minds is the final destination. On a certain day at a certain hour, we will pull into the station. Bands will be playing and flags waving. Once we get there, so many wonderful dreams will come true and the
pieces of our lives will fit together like a completed jigsaw puzzle. How restlessly we pace the aisles, damning the minutes for loitering --waiting, waiting, waiting for the station.
三、作文300字（共计30分）
A recent survey shows that in many countries across the world people are generally living longer. But an increased life expectancy has many implications for the aging individuals and for the society as a whole. What are the possible effects of a longer life expectancy on individuals and the society?
答案：
一、阅读
1-5 B B D A C
6-10 D B A C B
11-15 B D A C A
16-20 A C C D A
二、完形填空21-30
三、翻译
1.汉译英：
燕子去了，有再来的时候；
If swallows go away, they will come back again.
杨柳枯了，在再青的时候；
If willows wither, they will turn green again.
桃花谢了，有再开的时候。

If peach blossoms fade, they will flower again.
但是，聪明的，你告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢？
But, tell me, you the wise,why should our days go by never to return?
—— 是有人偷了他们罢：那是谁？又藏在何处呢？
Perhaps they have been stolen by someone. But who could it be and where could he hide them?
是他们自己逃走了罢：现在又到了那里呢？
Perhaps they have just run away by themselves. But where could they be at the present moment?我不知道他们给了我多少日子；但我的手确乎是渐渐空虚了。

I don’t know how many days I am entitled to altogether, but my quota of then is undoubtedly wearing away.
在默默里算着，八千多日子已经从我手中溜去；
Counting up silently, I find that more than 8000 days have already slipped away through my fingers.
像针尖上一滴水滴在大海里，我的日子滴在时间的流里，没有声音，也没有影子。

Like a drop of water falling off a needle point into the ocean, my days are quietly dripping into the stream of time without leaving a trace.
我不禁头涔涔而泪潸潸了。

At the thought of this, sweat oozes from my forehead and tears trickle down my cheeks.
去的尽管去了，来的尽管来着；去来的中间，又怎样地匆匆呢？
What is gone is gone, what is to come keeps coming.How swift is the transition in between!
早上我起来的时候，小屋里射进两三方斜斜的太阳。

When I get up in the morning, the slanting sun casts two or three squarish patches of light into my small room.
2.英译汉
Tucked away in our subconscious is an idyllic vision. We see ourselves on a long trip that spans the continent. We are traveling by train. Out the windows, we drink in the passing scene of cars on nearby highways, of children waving at a crossing, of cattle grazing on a distant hillside, of smoke pouring from a power plant, of row upon row of corn and wheat, of flatlands and valleys, of mountains and rolling hillsides, of city skylines and village halls.But uppermost in our minds is the final destination. On a certain day at a certain hour, we will pull into the station. Bands will be playing and flags waving. Once we get there, so many wonderful dreams will come true and the pieces of our lives will fit together like a completed jigsaw puzzle. How restlessly we pace the aisles, damning the minutes for loitering --waiting, waiting, waiting for the station.
我们的潜意识里藏着一派田园诗般的风光! 我们仿佛身处一次横贯大陆的漫漫旅程之中! 乘着火车, 我们领略着窗外流动的景色：附近高速公路上奔驰的汽车、十字路口处招手的孩童、远山上吃草的牛群、源源不断地从电厂排放出的烟尘、一片片的玉米和小麦、平原与山谷、群山与绵延的丘陵、天空映衬下城市的轮廓, 以及乡间的庄园宅第!然而我们心里想得最多的却是最终的目的地! 在某一天的某一时刻, 我们将会抵达进站! 迎接我们的将是乐队和飘舞的彩旗! 一旦到了那儿, 多少美梦将成为现实, 我们的生活也将变得完整, 如同一块理好了的拼图! 可是我们现在在过道里不耐烦地踱来踱去, 咒骂火车的拖拖拉拉! 我们期待着, 期待着, 期待着火车进站的那一刻!。