高温环境结构振动试验技术研究

关键字：高温；振动试验；夹具；激振
It
As the hypersonic flying Maher more and more high number, Maher number increase aircraft will bring many problems that can not be ignored, the aerodynamic heating problems is one of them. Aerodynamic heating can make the aircraft surface temperatures and has a large temperature difference, change the mechanical properties of aircraft, such as aircraft bearing capacity decreased, dynamics change. Since the aircraft surface temperature distribution of the complex, from theoretic solve vehicle temperature changes after the carrying capacity, modal information is very difficult. Therefore only by experimental and finite element calculation way to get the temperature change after aircraft mechanics, and two results validate each other, for aircraft design to provide valuable reference information. The thermal field and stress field coupling finite element problem has been relatively mature, but the thermal field and stress field coupling test technology still has very large development space, especially the thermal field and stress field coupling environment dynamics test. At present domestic and international thermal field and stress field coupling static test has been relatively mature, but the thermal field and stress field coupling test involves less, test in many of the key issues are not addressed. This paper first introduces the structure of thermal vibration test for the defence of great significance, and then introduced the structure of thermal vibration test heating method, temperature measuring method, response measurement method and the present situation and the development direction, and select a suitable heating method, temperature measuring method, response measurement method, design a set of experiment scheme, this scheme can assume the following 1000 degrees C metal and non metal cantilever beam, cantilever vibration test. In the third chapter, fourth chapter of the high temperature environment test piece clamping, excitation methods and other issues in detail, it analyzes the feasibility of the experiment, finally by 2A12aluminum alloy cantilever beam, cantilever plate as an example, the use of design experiment in multiple temperature on the results of vibration test, verify the design of the test the feasibility of the scheme. Keywords: High temperature; Vibration test; Clamp; Vibration exciter
Dissertation for Master Degree in Engineering
TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ABOUT VIBRATION TEST UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURE
Candidate ： Wang Yingqi Supervisor ： Prof. Yu Kaiping Academic Degree Applied for ： Master of Engineering General Mechanics and Foundation of Mechanics Department of Aerospace Affiliation ： Engineering and Mechanics, School of Astronautics Speciality ： Date of Defence ： July,2012 Degree-Conferring-Institution ： Harbin Institute of Technology
哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文
摘
要
由于目前高超声速飞行器飞行的马赫数越来越高，飞行器马赫数的升高会 带来诸多不可忽视的问题，气动加热问题便是其中之一。气动加热会使飞行器 表面温度升高并产生很大温差，改变飞行器的诸多力学特性，例如飞行器承载 能力降低、动力学特性变化。由于飞行器表面温度分布复杂，从理论上求解出 飞行器温度变化后的承载能力、模态信息是非常困难的。因此只有通过实验和 有限元计算的办法得到温度变化后飞行器的力学特性， 并将两种结果相互验证， 为飞行器设计提供有价值的参考信息。 目前对于热场与力场耦合的有限元问题已经相对成熟，但热场与力场耦合 的试验技术还有很大的发展空间， 尤其是热场与力场耦合环境下的动力学试验。 目前国内外热场与力场耦合的静力学试验已经相对成熟，但对热场与力场耦合 的动力学试验涉及较少，试验中很多关键问题都没有解决。 本文首先介绍了结构热振动试验对于国防的重大意义，然后分别介绍了结 构热振动试验的加热方法、温度测量方法、响应测量方法的国内外现状和发展 方向，并分别选取了合适的加热方法、温度测量方法、响应测量方法，自行设 计了一套实验方案， 该方案可以承担 1000 摄氏度以下金属与非金属悬臂梁、 悬 臂板结构的振动试验。本文第三章、第四章对高温环境下试验件的装夹、激振 方法等难题进行详细阐述，对试验方案的可行性进行论证，最后以 2A12 铝合 金悬臂梁、悬臂板为例，用所设计的实验方案在多个温度下对上述结果做振动 试验，验证了所设计的试验方案的可行性。
硕士学位论文
高温环境结构振动试验技术研究
TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ABOUT VIBRATION TEST UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURE
王应奇
哈尔滨工业大学 2012 年 7 月
国内图书分类号：V216.5+7 国际图书分类号：530
学校代码：10213 密级：公 开
本文研究的主要内容 .................................................................................. 6 本章小节 ...................................................................................................... 7 高温环境结构振动试验方案设计 .............................................................. 8 引言 .............................................................................................................. 8 加热方式 ...................................................................................................... 8 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 石英灯加热技术................................................................................ 8 石墨加热技术.................................................................................... 9 燃气加热方式.................................................................................. 10 非接触式测温.................................................................................. 10 接触式测温...................................................................................... 10 CCD 激光位移传感器 .................................................................... 11 多普勒测振仪.................................................................................. 12 高温加速度传感器.......................................................................... 13
II
哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文
目
摘
录
要 ...................................................................................................................... I
Abstract ..................................................................................................................... II 第1章 1.1 1.2 1.3 绪论 .............................................................................................................. 1 课题来源 ...................................................................................................... 1 课题的目的、意义、背景 .......................................................................... 1 国内外研究现状及进展 .............................................................................. 2 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.4 1.5 第2章 2.1 2.2 国内外结构热试验技术研究现状.................................................... 2 结构热试验技术发展方向................................................................ 5
工学硕士学位论文
高温环境结构振动试验技术研究
硕 士 研 究 生 ： 王应奇 导 师 ： 于开平教授
申 请 学 位 ： 工学硕士 学 科 ： 一般力学与力学基础
所 在 单 位 ： 航天学院航天工程与力学系 答 辩 时 间 ： 2012 年 7 月 授予学位单位 ： 哈尔滨工业大学
Classified Index: V216.5+7 U.D.C:530