教育最新2018年高考英语二轮复习专题04阅读理解Ⅱ：细节理解题测含解析

专题4 阅读理解Ⅱ：细节理解题
班级姓名学号分数
（测试时间：45分钟）
1.【湖北八校2018届高三上学期第一次联考】C
Cities are likely to be affected by overheating, thanks to something called the urban heat island effect. Cities tend to be short of trees, which provide shade, and they are covered with black pavement, which absorbs heat from the sun. Think of how it feels to wear a dark shirt versus a white shirt on a sunny day. A black shirt absorbs light, heating you up. But a white shirt reflects light, keeping you cool.
The average temperature in a city of a million or more people can be more than 5 degrees F hotter than surrounding areas. That extra 5 degrees can turn a hot day from uncomfortable to deadly. As temperatures rise, cities will be an especially dangerous place to be during a heat wave. To protect public health, city officials are going to make the city cooler.
As part of that effort, Los Angeles is coating its roads in CoolSeal, a gray paint that keeps streets and parking lots 10 degrees cooler than black asphalt（沥青）. It will help Angelinos save money during the summer, when air conditioning sends power bills soaring. And it will save lives by lowering temperatures and improving air quality. Hot weather worsens air pollution by turning car exhaust into smog, which can make life miserable for people with asthma（哮喘）and other breathing problems.
Of course, LA will have to do more than paint over a few streets to cool off the city. Angelinos will also need to plant more trees and apply white paint to rooftops—a t least those not already covered in solar panels. While LA is a pioneer of reflective streets, other cities, like New York, are already experimenting with reflective roofs or, like Melbourne, lowering the temperature by planting trees. LA is hardly alone in its effort to stay cool.
“This is an urgent challenge, and it’s much bigger than one person,” said Mayor Garcetti in a recent statement. “Climate change is a fact of life that people in Los Angeles and cities around the world live with every day.”
8. Which of the following contributes to the urban heat island effect?
A. Planting more trees in the streets.
B. Covering the streets with white paint.
C. Applying reflective paint to rooftops.
D. Furnishing every house with air conditioners.
9. What should the city officials emphasize during hot summer?
A. How to make the city cooler.
B. Where to wear a white shirt.
C. Why to coat the roads with black paint.
D. When to cut off the electricity supply.
10. What benefit can people gain from the use of CoolSeal?
A. Increasing the indoor activities.
B. Promoting the sale of air conditioners.
C. Making life easier and more comfortable.
D. Reducing the number of cold days.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C
9. A【名题点睛】细节理解题一一对应型。

答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。

文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。

答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。

（2）语言转述型。

这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另一种表达。

（3）语意理解型。

这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。

（4）是非辨别型。

（5）事实排序型。

【解题剖析】此题属于细节理解中的一一对应型。

答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。

【答案定位】由文章第二段最后一句“To protect public health, city officials are going to make the
city cooler.”可知，在炎热的夏季城市管理者应该强调如何去使城市凉爽，从而保护公众的健康。

【推理关系】题干What should the city officials emphasize during hot summer? ☞文章内容To protect public health, city officials are going to make the city cooler.
【答案】to protect public health,…☞A选项. How to make the city cooler.
10. C细节理解题。

由文章倒数第三段“… Los Angeles is coating its roads in CoolSeal, a gray paint that keeps streets and parking lots 10 degrees cooler than black asphalt（沥青）. It will help Angelinos save money during the summer, when air conditioning sends power bills soaring. And it will save lives by lowering temperatures and improving air quality.”分析CoolSeal的介绍可知。

相比沥青，使用这种白漆可使街道和停车场气温下降10度，既能降低人们的生活开支，帮助省钱，又能减少污染，提高人们的生活质量。

故选C。

2.【广东七校联合体2018届高三第二次联考试】D
New mercury(汞) threat to oceans from climate change Rising temperatures could boost mercury levels in fish by up to seven times the current rates, said Swedish researchers in an article published in Science Journal. They’ve discovered warming increases levels of the toxin (毒素) in sea creatures. In experiments, they found that extra rainfall drives up the amount of organic material flowing into the seas. This alters the food chain, adding another layer of complex organisms which boosts the concentrations of mercury up the line.
Mercury is one of the world’s most toxic metals, and according to the World Health Organization, is one of the top ten threats to public health. The substance at high levels has been linked to damage to the nervous system, paralysis and mental impairment in children.
The most common form of exposure to mercury is by eating fish containing methylmercury(甲基水银), an organic form of the chemical which forms when bacteria react with mercury in water, soil or plants. Levels of mercury in the world’s ecosystems have increased by between 200% and 500%, since the industrial revolution, say experts, driven up by the use of fossil fuels such as coal.
In recent years there have been concentrated efforts to limit the amount of mercury entering the environment, with an international treaty, called the Minamata Convention, signed by 136 countries in place since 2013.
Researchers hope that the Minamata treaty will be successful and countries reduce the amount
of mercury that is being produced. Otherwise this discovery of a previously unknown source could have impacts for human health.
Other researchers in the field say that the new study highlights important issues that have previously been little known.
“This work experimentally proves that climate change will have a significant effect of methylmercury budgets in coastal waters and its accumulation in fish,” said Milena Horvat from the Jozef Stefan Institute in Slovenia.
“This work will also help us un derstand the formation of mercury in fish and help reduce mercury from emission sources (primarily industrial).”
12. Where did Swedish researchers find warming increases levels of the toxin?
A. In the Pacific Ocean.
B. On the Continent.
C. In Red Sea.
D. In sea creatures.
13. What can cause damage to the nervous system?
A. Exposure to mercury.
B. Mercury at high levels.
C. Methylmercury.
D. The use of fossil fuels.
14. How does methylmercury form?
A. By limiting the amount of mercury entering the environment.
B. By reducing the amount of mercury.
C. When bacteria react with mercury in water, soil or plants.
D. When climate change returns to normal.
15. What can we know from Milena Horvat’s words?
A. Climate change will increase the levels of mercury in food.
B. Levels of mercury in the world’s ecosystems have increased by between 200% and 500%.
C. The Minamata Convention has been signed by 136 countries in place since 2013.
D. Mercury reduction from emission sources can be beneficial to fish.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D
14. 细节理解题。

根据The most common form of exposure to mercury is by eating fish containing methylmercury(甲基水银), an organic form of the chemical which forms when bacteria react with mercury in water, soil or plants. 可知细菌同水、土壤或是植物中的汞反应，形成了甲基水银，所以选C。

15. 细节理解题。

根据“This work experimentally proves that climate change will have a significant effect of methylmercury budgets in coastal waters and its accumulation in fish,” said Milena Horvat from the Jozef Stefan Institute in Slovenia.可知排放源中汞含量的减少对鱼类有益处，所以选D。

3.【重庆市南开中学2017届高三上学期期中】C
Are you afraid of sharks? What about snakes or spiders? Put those fears aside：because in the U.S. you’re far more likely to be killed or injured by a deer skipping across the road．Deer cause more than 200 humans deaths each year, plus some 29,000 injuries，all because of l.2 million collisions between vehicles and deer．Most incidents occur in the eastern U.S. , where deer prosper without natural predators like wolves and mountain lions．
‘‘That’s the region in the U.S. where deer-vehicle collisions are such a problem，and where it seems like an effective large carnivore reintroduction could make a really big difference．’’ says wildlife biologist Laura Prugh from University of Washington．She thinks it would help to reintroduce predators like mountain lions，also known as cougars，pumas or panthers，to parts of their historic range from which they’ve been driven out．
The researchers say that bringing the predators back to the eastern U.S. would mean 22 percent fewer collisions between cars and deer over three decades．Each year would see five fewer human deaths，680 fewer injuries and a savings of some $50 million．Sophie L. Gilbert thinks there are great socioeconomic benefits of large predator restoration through reduced wildlife-vehicle collisions and she says，“Cougars have shown that they can coexist in short distance with people，
with very few conflicts，in a lot of areas out west．”
Still，some folks might be understandably nervous about this kind of plan．After all ,
rei ntroducing predators doesn’t come without risks to pets and to livestock，and very occasionally to people．
“Our fear of large predators is so natural and intense that I don’t think it’s possible to just completely clear it with statistics…what I hope is tha t knowing that there actually can be some measurable benefits might make people a little more supportive and maybe balance that fear a little bit．”says Laura．
Indeed，the statistics show that cougars would prevent five times as many human deaths from deer-related accidents as they would cause by attacks．But it’ll be a tough sell：the press will cover cougar attacks，but a statistically prevented death does not make the news．Nevertheless，“If people in the west can put up with having mountain lions around．I would hope that New Yorkers would be up for the challenge as well．”
9. Why do people want to bring back mountain lions?
A. To minimize the accidents caused by deer．
B. To maintain biodiversity and ecological balance．
C. To take up the challenge from people in the west．
D. To reduce people’s fear of this dangerous creature．
10. Why is it hard to persuade people to accept this measure?
A. Because the risks outweigh the benefits．
B. Because mountains lions like eating people．
C. Because mountain lions tend to get too close to people．
D. Because the benefits are not as eye-catching as its risks．
【答案】 9. A 10. D
10. D细节理解题。

根据文章Indeed，the statistics show that cougars would prevent five times as many human deaths from deer-related accidents as they would cause by attacks．But it’ll be a tough sell：the press will cover cougar attacks，but a statistically prevented death does not make the news．事实上，统计数据显示美洲狮可以预防与鹿有关的事故造成的死亡人数是攻击造成的死亡人数的五倍。

但这将是一个艰难的销售:媒体将报道美洲狮的袭击，但统计上阻止死亡并不成为新闻。

可知它的好处不像它的风险那样引入注目。

故选D。

4.【重庆市南开中学2017届高三上学期期中】A
A notice at IKEA Shanghai has been shared widely among netizens on Chinese social media．It states that the store’s cafeteria now requires customers to order food before sitting down in cafeteria seats．The policy is in response to an elderly blind dating group that occupies seats for a long time，consuming only their own food brought from home．Do you support IKEA’s new regulation ? China Daily readers share their opinions with us．
Lee Xin (China)
The elderly are harmless．They are lonely and are probably hoping to find some company again．If anything，the store should at least sympathize with these old people．
Mbursian (US)
This is more for socializing than for romance．I really don’t picture a home furnishing store as a good dating place for seniors．
IKEA could also post a reasonable time limit per visit during peak hours．Or instead of tables and chairs，they could use those standing tables and get rid of the chairs altogether．At least IKEA’s cafeteria isn’t occupied by the dancing grannies and their portable PA systems(音响) ．
SEARU (Australia)
Romance is the most important thing while eating is not that important! So a noble man always leaves more space for seniors’ love affairs!
Mr Qiu (Shanghai，China 65 years old)
We’ve been to fast food outlets like McDonald’s—but there are barely any peers there．We feel like aliens—surrounded by youngsters．If there is another place in Shanghai where elderly people can gather, we are more than ready to pay twice as much and travel further．
TedM (UK)
Romance can arise in many places；even IKEA．However this debate arose as a result of many people taking advantage of IKEA's generous drink offers，going there to meet and stay with friends without buying anything．IKEA is a shop…it exists to provide a service for a reasonab le profit．It is not a public park．
Michel (New Zealand)
To everyone romanticizing this，please also consider that the store has an image to uphold while protecting the interests of other paying customers．It is ugly behavior to take up seats for such long durations while you make others wait．
1. How many people are in support of this new regulation ?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
2. What is the major cause of this new regulation?
A. Senior blind dates influencing their business．
B. IKEA has zero tolerance for romantic behavior．
C. The strong reaction of netizens on social media．
D. Old people eating their own food to save money．
【答案】1. B 2. A
【解析】文章就宜家的新规定进行了讨论。

每个人都给出了自己的观点和看法。

1. B细节理解题。

由文章可知Mbursian (US)，TedM (UK)和Michel (New Zealand)都是支持这一政策的，故选B。

5.【广东省五校2018届高三12月联考】B
April 4th was just another day on a Western Australia farm for Zac Mitchell, until it suddenly wasn’t. In an upexpected accident, the cattle worker was feeding the animals in his charge when one bull cleaned him up and kicked his hand against the rail, resulting in the thumb on his right hand being cut off. “My thumb was still hanging on the rail, when I got up off the ground,” Zac Mitchell says.
His co-workers tried their best to preserve the thumb for reattachment, placing it on ice in a cooler, but two surgeries to put Mitchell’s thumb back in place failed. That’s when doctors came up with another suggestion: Remove one of his big toes to where his thumb used to be.
Mitchell’s lead surgeon, Sean Nicklin, understood the man’s dilemma at first, calling it a “bit of a crazy idea”. After all, Zac Mitchell did not want to be injured in another part of his body. But as the thumb is incredibly important function-wise, Mitchell eventually gave in. Nicklin explains that the big toe is surprisingly fit for a thumb switch: Nerves sync up(同步)nicely, and it looks more like a thumb, though a giant one, than any other alternative they may have come up with. He added that big toes aren’t as necessary for balance and walking as people believe. As far as t he foot goes, occasional “fine balance” activities like surfing might be difficult, but most people without a big toe function fine in everyday tasks like walking and even competitive sports.
The eight-hour surgery went well, and Mitchell is expected to have a year or so of recovery in front of him before he heads back into the fields.
4. What happened to Zac Mitchell on April 4th ?
A. He cleaned up a bull
B. He was badly hurt
C. He started his farm
D. He lost his thumbs
5. What suggestion did the doctor give to Mitchell after the unsuccessful surgery?
A. Recreating a new thumb in place
B. Replacing the thumb with is toe
C. Transplanting his co-worker’s thumb
D. Putting back the cut-off thumb again
7. According to Nicklin, after the surgery Mitchell is able to ________.
A. surf on the sea
B. do daily activities
C. only stay at home
D. work on wheelchair
【答案】4. B 5. B 7. B
7. 细节理解题。

根据最后一段的倒数两句“He added that big toes aren’t as necessary for balance and walking as people believe. As fa r as the foot goes, occasional “fine balance” activities like surfing might be difficult, but most people without a big toe function fine in everyday tasks like walking and even competitive sports.”可知，根据Nicklin说的，大脚趾对于平衡和走路不是必须的，在日常活动中，像走路甚至竞技性运动，没有大脚趾的人也做得很好。

因此可知Mitchell手术后能够从事日常活动。

故选B。

6.【东北三省三校2017届高三第二次联合模拟】A
We were ordinary people taking the bus every day that summer. During the early morning rides, we sat sleepily on our seats. One of the passengers was a small grey man to the center for senior citizens. He walked with a stoop (驼背) and a sad look on his face. We paid little attention to him.
Then one July morning he said good morning to the driver and smiled to us before sitting down. The driver nodded politely, the rest of us being silent. The next day, the old man boarded the bus energetically, smiled and said loud, “Good morning!” Some of us looked up, amazed, and murmured “Good morning”. The following weeks we were more surprised. Our friend was dressed
in a nice old suit with the thin hair carefully combed. He said good morning to us every day and we gradually began to nod and talk to each other. One morning he had a bunch of wild flowers in his hand. The driver smilingly asked, “Have you got yourself a girlfriend?” He nodded shyly, “She lives at the center.” The other passengers whistled and clapped at him. Charlie bowed before sitting down.
Every morning after that Charlie always brought a flower. Some regular passengers began bringing him flowers for his bunch. Everyone smiled and joked about it.
But one morning he didn’t turn up. When he wasn’t there the following days, we started wondering if he was sick or... We stopped at the center for senior citizens. The staff told us he was fine, but he hadn’t been coming that week. One of his very close friends had died at the weekend. They expected him back on Monday. How silent we were on the rest of the way to work!
The next Monday he was waiting at the stop, stooping a bit more and a bit more grey. Inside the bus was a silence, all of us sitting with our eyes filled with tears and wild flowers in our hands.
21. The old man boarded the bus energetically probably because _______.
A. he bought a bunch of flowers
B. he got to know other passengers
C. he fell in love with a lady
D. he had a sweet dream
23. Why didn’t the old man turn up for several days?
A. He was in sorrow for the loss of his girlfriend.
B. He wondered whether others cared about him.
C. He had a quarrel with the staff of the center.
D. He wasn’t himself for the cold weather.
【答案】21. C 23. A
23. A细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段We stopped at the center for senior citizens. The staff told us
he was fine, but he hadn’t been coming that week. One of his very close friends had died at the weekend.可知老人几天没出现是因为他女朋友去世了，他沉浸在悲伤之中。

故选A.
7.【四川省成都外国语学校2018届高三12月月考】A
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium (水族馆)
The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, situated in the heart of Melbourne’s CBD, is one of Victoria’s leading visitor attractions and an unforgettable outing for the whole family. Having 12 amazing zones of discovery, Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is the very place that you cannot miss when you visit the city.
* Opening Times
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm every day of the year, including public holidays. Last admission is at 5:00 pm, one hour before closing.
* Location
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street, Melbourne. It is situated on the Yarra River, opposite Crown Entertainment Complex.
* Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium
Train
The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a short walk from either Flinders or Southern Cross train stations.
Tram
The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium tram stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route and also routes 70 and 75. City Circle trams run every 10 minutes in both directions.
Shuttle Bus
The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a free bus service, stopping at key tourist attractions in and around the City. Running daily, every 15 minutes from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm.
*Car Parking
While there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, there are several public car parking lots available only a short walk away.
* Wheelchair Access
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.
* Terms
Tickets will be emailed to you immediately after purchase or you can download and print your ticket once payment has been accepted. Please print out all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium. No ticket, no entry!
1. Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium _________ .
A. is located at the center of the CBD in the city
B. has 12 most attractive places in Melbourne
C. admits visitors from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm
D. is beside Crown Entertainment Complex
2. Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, visitors can take ________.
A. trains from southern Cross train station
B. shuttle buses around the train station
C. boats across the Yarra River
D. either tram route 70 or 75
3. Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors ________.
A. car parking charge free
B. wheelchair access
C. Internet connection
D. transportation service
4. Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium ________ .
A. are free to all visitors
B. can be purchased by email
C. are checked at the entrance
D. can be printed at the ticket office
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C
2. D 考查细节理解。

根据“Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium”部分讲的内容而知A项提到的“Southern Cross train station”信息文中没有出现；B项为表达错误，文中说的是“in and around the city”；C项信息文中没有相关陈述。

D项文中明确提到。

故选D。

3. B 考查细节理解。

A项为错误答案，因为文中明确提出“no public car parking”；B项正确，因为文中有“ in wheelchairs with full access”，轮椅可到；C项为无效信息，因为文中没有提到互联网的事情；D项也为无效细信息，同样文中没有提到水族馆提供任何交通服务。

4. C 考查细节理解。

本题适合用排除法。

因为A是错误答案，因为文中最后提到要支付后才能打印票；B 项错误因为票票会在支付后用电子邮件发过来，而不是电子邮件订购；D项错误在于文中提到要自己打印，在入口处递呈。

排除以上答案，只有C项略显合理。

【名师点睛】
在细节考查题中有一类事实细节题。

该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。

此类题型一般分两种。

第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。

第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。

做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。

本题第1小题，根据文章第一句“situated in the heart of Melbourne’s CBD”就可以找到答案。

B偷换了discovery为place，表达不正确；C项为错误答案，允许进入的最后时间为5：00，而不是6：00。

D项为错误答案，文章中用的是opposite对面，而不是beside旁边。

8.【黑龙江省佳木斯市第一中学2018届高三上学期第五次调研】A
An increasing number of older U.S citizens are traveling abroad. The U.S. Department of States wants you to be prepared so that you enjoy your trip. Please consider the following tips as you travel.
Travel Departments
Apply for a passport at least three months before you travel. Some countries require that passports be valid for six months after your trip ends and some foreign countries require that travelers obtain a visa.
Stay Connected
A secure way to maintain your emergency contact information is to enroll with our Smart Traveler Enrollment Program. Your information is stored securely and enables the Department of State, U. S. embassy to contact you, your family, or your friends in an emergency according to your wishes. Health Information
Health care tops the list of concerns for many older U.S. citizens who are thinking about traveling abroad. Consult with your physician prior to your travel overseas to identify your healthcare needs at your destination. Research the environmental conditions at your overseas
destination that may contribute to yow specific health concerns, particularly if you are sensitive to attitude, air pollution or other conditions.
Medical Insurance Medicare
Medicine, the U.S. government health plan for people aged 65 years or older, does NOT cover health care overseas. We highly recommend that you obtain health insurance. Many companies offer short-term health and emergency services such as medical evacuations(疏散).
Travel Smart
Pack lightly and learn what clothing would be appropriate for your destination. Be aware that sudden changes in diet and climate can have serious health consequences for the unprepared traveler, no matter your age.
2. An 70-year-old American hopes to travel to China he will .
A. ask his child to keep turn company.
B. have his information stored in Chinese embassy.
C. need to have gained his passport before.
D. manage to obtain a visa from the US embassy.
3. Before the older U.S. citizens travel abroad .
A. they must reach about some foreign countries.
B. they should apply for medical cares abroad.
C. they must find a place in a peaceful country.
D. they should consult their doctors for advice.
4. The author recommended health insurance in that .
A. people aged 65 years and older are ignored in the USA.
B. the older people can benefit from it when abroad.
C. health insurance is only effective within a few days.
D. health insurance is mainly meant for emergency services.
【答案】 2. C 3. D 4. B
9.【辽宁省鞍山市第一中学2018届高三上学期第二次模拟】C
The day finally came. I was very excited as I stood in line, waiting to receive my high school diploma. I looked around at the graduating class of our small Christian school and wondered how we had grown up so fast. After that weekend we would go our separate ways. Many planned on attending college far away, as I did. Others had jobs lined up and few were thinking about marriage.
Directl y in front of me was a friend I’d known for six years; we had been on many adventures together. He grinned, looking a little smug(洋洋得意的). He and a couple of students had played one last trick before they graduated: The night before, they’d slipped into the principal’s home and used rolls of toilet paper to decorate his house and yard. I eyed the principal on the stage. He gave no indication that anything was wrong.
We moved slowly up in line. My friend walked across the stage and received his diploma. Then my name was called. I took a deep breath, nervously climbed the steps, crossed the stage under the hot lights and stopped in front of the principal. He gave me a big smile, shook my hand and handed me my diploma. I couldn’t wait to open the diploma case a nd find my name, certifying that I had graduated. However, when my friend opened his case, we all burst out laughing. Instead of a diploma, a single square of toilet paper was placed inside.
Our high school principal had a great sense of humor and took this opportunity to play a trick back on the boys. I thought they were required to clean his house and yard, but they got off easily. They were allowed to graduate.
Sometimes we get lucky when we do something wrong. However, sometimes we don’t. I often wonder how those who do wrong things get rid of troubles. We have decisions to make throughout our lives. The surest way to stay out of trouble is to avoid it in the first place.
9. What would the writer do after graduating from high school?
A. Get married.
B. Become a writer.
C. Find a regular job.
D. Continue his study.
10. Why did the writer’s friend seem pleased before receiving his diploma?
A. Nobody had discovered his criminal behavior.
B. He had succeeded in play a trick on the principal.
C. He had been praised by the principal for his achievements.
D. He was about to graduate from high school with great honors.
【答案】9. D 10. B
【解析】作者讲述了朋友在毕业前夕犯了错，但幸运逃脱惩罚。

由此告诫我们我们应该避免错误的决定，以免后果不可收拾。

【名师点睛】
细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。

事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。

直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。

做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：
1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；
2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。

如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实；
3.将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。

快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。

如小题1根据第一段Many planned on attending college
far away, as I did.可知作者打算毕业后继续上大学，故选D.小题2根据第二段He grinned, looking a little smug(洋洋得意的). He and a couple of students had played one last trick before they graduated: The night before, they’d slipped into the principal’s home and used rolls of toilet paper to decorate his house and yard.和He gave no indication that anything was wrong.可知作者的朋友在
毕业前一天晚上和校长开玩笑，并且认为校长没发现，故选B.
10.【浙江省七彩联盟2018届高三上学期期中】B
If you have flown with JetBlue or Delta airlines lately, you might recall a new program that allows passengers to board their flights with a facial recognition scan. However, you might not have known that these systems were also the first stage of the Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) “Biometric Exit” program, which has been in place since June of last year, Slate reports.
According to Slate, the DHS has partnered with Delta to make face recognition scans mandatory (强制的) for certain international flights leaving Atlanta and New York. DHS is also working with JetBlue to develop a similar system for travelers flying from Boston to Aruba.
So, how does it work? Essentially, computers “match passport and visa photos of U.S. visa holders to photos taken at the airport from which they’re departing the country,” Mashab le says. “This helps the U.S. make sure the people getting on the plane are the same people who hold those visas.”
Still, the two programs are slightly different. The Delta system compares a photo of the passenger’s face, taken by a kiosk (信息服务亭) at the boarding gate, to photos from State Department databases. It also checks passengers’ citizenship or immigration (移民) status. If you’re flying with JetBlue, you can voluntarily get your face scanned instead of using a physical ticket.
And these systems aren’t going away anytime soon; in fact, the program is expected to expand in the coming years. Homeland Security is currently negotiating to make face recognition a common feature across all American TSA security checkpoints, says U.S. Customs and Border Protection executive John Wagner.
4. Who should go through the new security system?
A. Passengers who fly from Boston to New York.
B. All passengers entering the U.S.
C. Passengers of certain international flights.。