2020届呼和浩特市第十四中学高三英语三模试卷及答案解析

2020届呼和浩特市第十四中学高三英语三模试卷及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
You might not expect it, but cows are a large source of the greenhouse gases that are driving climate change. Cows produce lots of methane by breaking down the grass, Now scientists have shown that the pollution from cows canbe reduced by adding a little seaweed to their food.
Scientists first discovered that seaweed could help control methane from cows several years ago. But this work was done in a laboratory, there were many questions about whether the idea could work in real life.
In the lab studies, the cows were given quite a bit of seaweed, and they would cause losing weight. That wasn't helpful, since cows are often sold by weight. It also wasn't clear if the seaweed would stop working if it was used for a longer period of time.
Now, scientists from the University of California, Davis have answered several of these questions.
The researchers studied 21 cows on a farm for about five months. They taught the cows to get their food from inside a special hood, which allowed the scientists to measure the methane that the cows were giving off. This time, they used a much smaller amount of seaweed, which they mixed with the cows' food.
The results were surprisingly good. In some cases, the cows produced 82% less methane. The improvement depended on the kind of food the cows were given, but even the worst-polluting cows produced 33% less methane.
Over the five months, the scientists didn't see any signs that the cows' stomachs were getting used to the seaweed and starting to produce more methane again.
Another surprise came when they looked at the weight of the cows. The cows that were fed seaweed gained just as much weight as the other cows, but they didn't need as much food.
But there are still some big problems with the idea of feeding cows seaweed. For one thing, there's notadequateseaweed to feed all of the cows in the world. So farmers would have to figure out a way to grow lots of seaweed.
A bigger problem is that for most of their lives, cows live in fields, where they eat the grass. That means there's no chance to feed them seaweed every day. These problems need to be taken seriously if the world is going to avoid the worst effects of the climate crisis.
Still, it's true that something as simple as feeding cows seaweed can help reduce some of the pollution causing the climate crisis.
1. Why did the scientists do the experiment on the farm?
A. To control the amount of seaweed.
B. To record the weight cows gained.
C. To confirm the effect of seaweed in real life.
D. To measure the amount of seaweed cows ale.
2. The underlined word “adequate” means ________ .
A. common
B. special
C. lacking
D. enough
3. The passage is written to ________ .
A. appeal to people not to raise the cows
B. encourage people to plant the seaweed
C. remind people of controlling cows' weight
D. call on people to take actions to reduce the pollution
B
As is commonly known,Antarcticais an icy continent with extreme environment. However, a new study provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past.
The researchers collected a piece of Earth sediment from under the seafloor off the coast ofAntarctica. In the sediment, they discovered forest material that was estimated to be about 90 million years old. At that period, dinosaurs were the ruler animals of the land.
Johann Klages, a German geologist, was the lead writer of a study on the findings, published in the journalNature. He said the sediment was collected from a depth of about 30 meters below the ocean floor. Klages said an examination showed that the material didn’t form in the ocean.
The researchers estimate that the area — about 900 kilometers from the South Pole — had average yearly temperatures of about12°Cto13°C. The soil included fine dirt particles and hard clay, as well as substances linked to at least 65 different kinds of plants, the study found. Although no animal remains were found, Klages said there were likely dinosaurs, flying reptiles and many insects in the environment.
The research represents new evidence of the major climate changes Earth experienced in the past — and is currently undergoing today. The soil in the sediment dates back to the planet’s warmest period of the past 140 million years, with sea level about 170 meters higher than today. The researchers said that the rainforest environment inAntarcticawas especially surprising because each year, the area experiences a four-month polar night when there is no sunlight to fuel plant life. Klages said no ice sheets were present during the time, but seasonal snowfall was likely.
4. What can we learn about the sediment collected?
A. It formed in the age of dinosaurs.
B. It was found on theAntarcticaland.
C. Ancient forest material was found in it.
D. Some dinosaur remains were found in it.
5. How did the researchers reach their findings?
A. By analyzing the Earth sediment.
B. By exploring ice inAntarctica.
C. By collecting data on climate.
D. By researching special plants.
6. What can be indicated in the last paragraph?
A. Seasonal snowfall made the forest disappear.
B. Antarctica was much colder 140 million years ago.
C. Antarctica’s natural environment has changed greatly.
D. Polar nights inAntarcticaare getting shorter than before.
7. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Rainforest disappeared fromAntarctica.
B. Antarctica had a different history of climate.
C. Researchers studied a piece of Earth sediment ofAntarctica.
D.Antarcticahad an extreme environment containing ice and snow.
C
From Mozart to Metallica, tons of people enjoy listening to various types of music while they paint, write, or draw. Most believe that music helps increase creativity, but an international study conducted by English and Swedish researchers is challenging that view. The study results wereechoedby scientists fromLancasterUniversity, and theUniversityofGavle, saying their findings show music actually weakens creativity.
To reach their conclusions, researchers had volunteers complete verbal problems designed to inspire creativity while sitting in a quiet room, and then again while music played in the background. They found that background music significantly weakened the volunteers’ ability to complete tasks connected with verbal creativity. The team also tested background noises like those commonly heard in a library, but found that such noises had no influence on subjects’ creativity.
The tasks were simple word games. For example, volunteers were given three words, such as dress, rise, and flower. Then, they were asked to find a single word connected with all three that could be combined to form a common phrase or word. The single word, in this case, would be “sun” (sundress, sunrise, sunflower). Volunteers completed the tasks in either a quiet room, or while listening to two different types of music: rock music or light
music
“We found strong evidence of weakened performance when playing background music in comparison to quiet background conditions,” says co-author D. Neil McLatchie ofLancasterUniversity. He and his colleagues find that music negatively influences the verbal working memory processes of the brain, preventing creativity. Also, as far as the library background noises having seemingly no effect, the study’s authors believe that was the case because library noises create a “regular state” environment that doesn’t affect concentration.
“To conclude, the findings here challenge the popular view that music increases creativity, and instead show that music, whatever type it is, is always a disadvantage for creative performance in problem solving,” the study reads.
8. The underlined word in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by ________.
A. challenged
B. accepted
C. doubted
D. heard
9. What were the volunteers asked to do in the study?
A. To play music.
B. To combine given words.
C. To create new words.
D. To connect words with music.
10. What can we infer from the study?
A. Quiet background inspires creativity best.
B. Library noise does no harm to creativity.
C. Music has a bad effect on language ability.
D. Music types matter in creative performance.
11. Which is the main idea of the passage?
A. Quiet Environments Prevent Concentration.
B. Background NoiseAffects Concentration.
C. Composing Music Weakens Creativity.
D. Listening to Music Reduces Creativity.
D
Global food demand will double by 2050, according to a new projection, and the farming techniques used to meet that unprecedented(空前的) demand will significantly determine how severe the impact is on the environment, researchers said.
The study researchers warned that meeting the demand for food would clear more land, increase nitrogen(氮) use and significantly add to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions.
“Agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions could double by2050 if current trends in global food production continue,” study researcher David Tilman, of theUniversityofMinnesota, said in a statement. “This would be a major problem, since global agriculture already accounts for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions.”
The researchers studied various ways in which the increasing food demand could be mentioned. They found
that the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach would be for more food producers to adopt the nitrogen-efficient “intensive” farming method, which involves the heavy use of labor and the production of more crops per acre.
This approach was shown to be more effective than the “extensive” farming currently practiced by many poor nations, a method that includes clearing more new land to produce more food.
Different farming methods produce significantly different yields, the researchers found — in 2005, the crop yields for the wealthiest nations were more than 300 percent higher than what the poorest nations produced.
According to their analysis of the effects of extensive farming, if poorer nations continue using this method, by 2050theywill have cleared an area larger than theUnited States, about 2.5 billion acres. However, if wealthy nations help poorer nations to improve food yields by incorporating(吸收) intensive farming practices, that number could be reduced to half a billion acres.
The researchers stress that the environmental effects of meeting future food demand depend on how global agriculture expands and develops.
“Our analyses show that we cansave most of the Earth’s remaining ecosystems by helping the poorer nations of the world feed themselves,” Tilman said.
12. What is the best title of this passage?
A. The World Will Need Double Food by 2050
B. Man Will Face the Risk of Lacking Food in the Future
C. Future Farmers Hold Environment’s Fate in Their Hands
D. Different Farming Methods Produce Significantly Different Yields
13. The character of the extensive farming is ________.
A. very cost-effective
B. to produce more crops per acre
C. at cost of more new land to produce more food
D. very environmentally friendly
14. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. poorer nations mainly use the intensive farming
B. wealthy nations mainly use the extensive farming
C. the intensive farming needs less food producers
D. the extensive farming has a worse effect on ecosystems
15. According to the passage, the underlined word “they” in the 7th paragraph refers to “________”.
A. poorer nations
B. the effects of extensive farming
C. wealthy nations
D.future food demand
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
How to Increase Your Distance in Long-Distance Running
Running long distances is a great way to get in shape, reduce stress, and feel great. As a result, many people come to love this form of exercise.____16____Here are some suggestions that might be of great help.
Commit to a training plan. To help you run longer, choose a training plan that works for you. It will help you increase your mileage (里程) gradually so you’ll be able to avoid injuries and build your endurance.____17____Then you’ll be able to mentally and physically prepare.
____18____To help you mentally get through your runs and increase your distance, try thinking of your run as having multiple sections. Once you finish with a section, you will be motivated to keep going through the next one. If you have an exercise tracking device, you can break up your run by keeping track of your distance on your phone, watch, or other devices.
Increase your mileage gradually. To avoid getting tired or injured, add mileage to your runs gradually. It is suggested that you increase your mileage by only about 10% each week.____19____While it is great to push yourself, you need to give your body time to adjust.
Take breaks when you need them. While your goal may be to complete your long distance run without stopping, it is more important that you listen to your body and take breaks. You can choose to walk, drink water, or eat a quick snake when necessary.____20____
A. Break up your run into sections.
B. They will allow you to recover and run for even longer.
C. Before running, however, remember to prevent injuries.
D. It also lets you know what distance you have coming up.
E. Keep track of your distance on an exercise tracking device.
F. However, it can be hard for both experienced and new runners.
G. The majority of running injuries occur because of over-training.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项“Nobody else knows what they are doing either.” I read this quote about six years ago when I was in college．
I lived through college life without any____21____. When professors said it was time to hand in my homework, I handed it in. When I was told that I hadn’t enough____22____to get my degree, I studied hard to____23____examinations to complete several courses．
One day, I was having dinner with some classmates. One said suddenly, “Iplan to buy a____24____within three years after graduation.”
I almost____25____, “Really? Do you know how____26____it is to buy one house?”
He said leisurely,“Mortgage (抵押贷款).”
Another added, “Great! I____27____to pass the examination of CharteredFinancial Analyst and get the certificate within five years after graduation.”
I just seemed to hear something____28____.
I____29____like this way. I worked at a bar. Unhappily! Every day, I got up hurriedly and got on the bus to work. After work, I slept, again and again. I didn’t know why I led such a_____30_____life that I had_____31_____wanted, and where my life would_____32_____.
Like 90% of my peers, I still had no_____33_____what I wanted to do with my life or who I wanted to become. At the exact same time Instagram (一款社交软件) was becoming really big. I started_____34_____bloggers and world travelers who seemed to have it all together. How had they_____35_____it out? What had they been given that I hadn’t?
We were totally_____36_____; the only thing_____37_____us was that they had plans or_____38_____, and they had taken action. All of a sudden, I came down to earth,_____39_____that if I took things into my own hands, I would figure it out. I began to think my_____40_____and just do something. Then three years later, I became a freelance writer.
21. A. experiences B. concerns C. failures D. tests
22. A. grades B. credits C. achievements D. missions
23. A. prepare B. sit C. pass D. read
24. A. car B. school C. pet D. house
25. A. approved B. denied C. quieted D. choked
26. A. hard B. fantastic C. realistic D. important
27. A. manage B. expect C. learn D. rush
28. A. funny B. normal C. real D. inspiring
29. A. moved B. succeeded C. graduated D. dreamed
30. A. meaningful B. fruitful C. economical D. miserable
31. A. never B. formally C. clearly D. always
32. A. end B. begin C. change D. lead
33. A. direction B. trip C. idea D. effort
34. A. questioning B. following C. understanding D. contacting
35. A. figured B. shown C. thought D. printed
36. A. different B. calm C. unique D. equal
37. A. separating B. freeing C. connecting D. warning
38. A. sponsors B. aims C. courses D. faults
39. A. searching B. remembering C. realizing D. doubting
40. A. misfortunes B. friends C. advantages D. stories
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
It can be easy to miss the wonderful performances of Klay Thompson if you watch at the Golden State Warriors(金州勇士) team in the NBA.
NBA Most Valuable Players Stephen Curry and Kevin Durant tend______41.______(get) most of the attention, while Andre Iguadola______42.______(watch) closely as well. But then Thompson, 26, does something to make you suddenly remember how special he is, too.
His 60-point game against Indiana on Dec. 5 was an excellent game in______43.______has already been an amazing season. Scoring 60______44.______(point) in a game is one thing, and it has only happened 66 times in the history of the NBA. But to do it in less than three quarters of play—29 minutes—______45.______(be) something very special indeed.
Even______46.______(hard) to believe was the fact that Thompson only dribbled(运球) the ball 11 times and held it in his hand for just 88 seconds during______47.______whole game.
"I am going to watch the tape of this game and see what I did well and______48.______(obvious) celebrate this tonight, because it's something I never thought I could do while______49.______(grow) up," Thompson told reporters after the game.
Klay Thompson already knew a lot about basketball early in his life. His father Mychal Thompson, the 1978 No 1 overall pick(选秀状元) in NBA, had a lot of influence_______50._______him while he was growing up.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I once was a student with poor grades. The low grades gradual decreased my interest of learning. I felt ashamed and disappointing all the time and didn't know what to do with our life. One day, a teacher comes up to me and encouraged me with so persuasive words that I determined to work hard again. Since then, my grades have never dropped below a B, and I've found again the fun in learning and become confident than before. After this experience, I have been decided that though there was one thing I could do to make the world a better place, it would be to help others see the wonder in studying. I would, if possible, be a math tutor for my classmate and help them with their homework.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.某英文杂志正在举办以“Imagine yourself as an interviewer”为主题的征文活动，请你以“A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview”为题，写一篇英语短文。

要点：
1.采访对象：（姓名、职业等基本信息）
2.采访原因：（主要贡献或事迹等，1-2条）
3.采访内容：（1-2个问题）
注意：
1.词数80-100；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.短文的标题与开头已给出，不计入总词数；
A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview
If I were to interview a Chinese, the one I'd most like to interview could be
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C
2. D
3. D
4. C
5. A
6. C
7. B
8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D
12. C 13. C 14. D 15. A
16. F 17. D 18. A 19. G 20. B
21. B 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32.
D 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. C
41. to get
42. is watched
43. what 44. points
45. is 46. harder
47. the 48. obviously
49. growing
50. on/upon
51.(1).gradual→gradually
(2).of→in
(3).disappointing→disappointed
(4).our→my
(5).comes→came
(6).so→such
(7).become后添加more
(8).去掉been
(9).though→if
(10).classmate→classmates
52.略。