八年级英语上册语法填空知识点(大全)(word)1

八年级英语上册语法填空知识点(大全)（word）1
一、八年级英语上册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。

My husband and I were planning how to spend the weekend with our daughters. Our girls jumped in and told us________they wanted to do. "We want to go to the butterfly（蝴蝶）museum," said Ariella and Eliana.
As soon as we ________ （walk）into the main area of the museum, we saw many ________ （kind） of beautiful butterflies. They all flapped（摆动） their colorful wings.
My girls ________ （run） around playing happily. I knew it was right ________ （decide） to come to the museum. They were having so much fun.
I turned to our museum tour guide（导游） and asked, "How ________ do butterflies live?"
"A very short time, less than one month, "she said.
"What can butterflies do in such a short time?" I asked.
The guide stopped, looked at me, and said "They make the world ________ beautiful than before."
"Wow," I said, "I never thought about butterflies like that. Thank you."
After we said goodbye, I couldn't stop ________（think） about the guide's words. She was right. We all have________ （anything） to show to the world with the time we have. When we make the best use of our time ________ can make a difference.
Like a butterfly, you have your own way of making the world a little better for everyone.
Live like a butterfly.
【答案】 what；walked；kinds；ran；to decide；long；more；thinking；something；we 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要叙述夫妇带女儿们参观蝴蝶博物馆，理解蝴蝶的寿命只有不足一个月引发的思考。

告诉就像一只蝴蝶，有自己的方式让世界对每个人都好一点。

（1）考查宾语从句的关联词。

句意：我们的姑娘们跳了进来告诉我们她们想干什么。

tell 告诉，及物动词，后接宾语从句。

且do是及物动词，要接宾语，要用关联词what。

故答案为：what。

（2）考查一般过去时。

句意：我们一走进博物馆的主要区域，就看到了许多美丽的蝴蝶。

由句子结构可知，引导词as soon as引导的时间状语从句，主句谓语动词saw，可知用一般过去时。

从句要用一般过去时，walk的过去式walked，故答案为：walked。

（3）考查考查名词复数。

句意：我们一走进博物馆的主要区域，就看到了许多美丽的蝴蝶。

空格前有many许多的，形容词，后接可数名词复数。

kind种类，可数名词。

要用复
数kinds。

故答案为：kinds。

（4）考查一般过去时。

句意：我的女儿们快乐地到处跑着玩。

根据句子结构可知缺少谓语动词。

由下文谓语动词knew，可知用一般过去时，run的过去式ran，答案为：ran。

（5）考查不定式做主语。

句意：我知道决定来博物馆是对的。

由句子结构可知，不定式短语做真正主语，放在句末。

it作形式主语。

要用不定式to decide，故答案为：to decide。

（6）考查疑问词。

句意：蝴蝶能活多久？根据下文 A very short time, less than one month, 可知上文询问多长时间，要用how long。

空格前有how，故答案为：long。

（7）考查形容词比较级。

句意：他们让世界比以前更美丽了。

make使，让，使役动词。

make +宾语+宾补（形容词），固定搭配。

根据空格后有比较连词than，要用比较级。

beautiful的比较级more beautiful。

空格后有beautiful，要用more，故答案为：more。

（8）考查固定搭配。

句意：我们道别后，我不能停止思考导游的话。

根据下文She was right. We all have 9 （anything） to show to the world with the time we have.可知作者没有停止思考导游的话，想到我们人类应该怎样做。

要用stop doing sth.停止做某事，固定搭配。

故答案为：thinking。

（9）考查复合不定代词。

句意：随着时间的推移，我们都有一些东西要向世界展示。

anything用于否定句和疑问句；something用于肯定句。

有句子结构可知是肯定句，要用something，故答案为：something。

（10）考查人称代词。

句意：当我们充分利用我们的时间时，我们就能有所作为。

由句子结构可知，when引导的时间状语从句，主句缺少主语。

且与从句的主语相同，要用we，故答案为：we。

【点评】考查语法填空。

主要涉及的名词、过去时、不定式、代词等。

2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。

Our clothes will become small when we are older. We won't use________（some） books or toys anymore. What will you do ________ these old things? Don't worry! Here's a good way. Online. ________ （shop）will help you. Online shopping is becoming more________ more popular now.
We can bid竟价） for the different goods（商品;货物） online, such as ________ （book）, dolls, clothing and used cars. We can spend less money________better goods. We can________ sell the things well through the Internet. ________are many world online market places on the Internet. If we want________ （buy） or sell something online, we must become the member of one of________（they） first.
Let's buy and sell things online. Let's have a great time online.
【答案】 any；with；shopping；and；books；on；also；There；to buy；them
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍网购的优点——可以用更少的钱买更好的东西，以及网购的必备条件——成为他们的会员。

（1）句意：我们还有一些再也不用的书和玩具。

some，一些，不定代词；在否定句中要用any，故填any。

（2）句意：你要怎么处理这些旧东西？固定短语do with，处理，处置，故填with。

（3）句意：网上购物对你有帮助。

shop，购物，动词。

分析句式结构可知此句需要一个主语，要用动名词形式，故填shopping。

（4）句意：现在网上购物越来越流行了。

popular，流行的，形容词，其比较级是more popular。

比较级用and来连接表示越来越……，故填and。

（5）句意：我们可以在网上竞购不同的商品，如书籍、洋娃娃、服装和二手车。

book，书籍，可数名词，常用复数形式表示，故填books。

（6）句意：我们可以花更少的钱买更好的商品。

固定短语sb spend some money on sth，某人花费金钱买某物，故填on。

（7）句意：我们也可以通过网络把东西卖的很好。

根据上文语句We can spend less money on better goods. 提示可知，不仅在网上买东西，也可以卖东西，故填also。

（8）句意：在网上有许多网店。

考查there be结构，表示某处有某物，故填There。

（9）句意：如果我们想在网上买东西或卖东西，我们必须先成为其中的一员。

buy，购买，动词。

固定短语want to do sth，故填to buy。

they，他们，人称代词主格；of是介词，其后跟人称代词要用宾格形式，故填them。

【点评】考查语法填空。

通读全文理解大意，然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。

3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。

When I was a little girl, I wanted to be an English ________ （teach）. When I grew up a little bit, I had great interests in ________. I loved going to concerts（音乐会） with my friends and reading music books and ________ （magazine）. During my last few months at high school, my dream was to ________ a reporter for a music publication（刊物）. ________ I learned writing in college. But my teacher said my writing was terrible, and I ________ not be a good reporter. My friends also told me it was difficult ________ （find） a reporter job. Then I began ________ （learn）public relation（公共关系）, because I enjoyed ________ （talk）with people.
But now I work as an editor for a newspaper, I got the job because of my ________ （write）skills. So don't let anyone tell you that you can't be what you want to be.
【答案】 teacher；music；magazines；be/become；So；could；to find；to learn；talking；writing
【解析】【分析】文章大意：我小的时候想当一位英语老师。

后来我对音乐很感兴趣，我想为一家音乐刊物当记者。

我现在是一家报纸的编辑。

（1）句意：当我还是个小女孩的时候，我想当一名英语老师。

teach，教，动词；由文中的语句I want to be an English…提示可知此句表示想成为一名英语老师，teacher，可数名词，由an提示要用单数形式，故答案为teacher。

（2）句意：当我长大一点的时候，我对音乐有很大的兴趣。

根据后文的语句I loved going to concerts（音乐会）with my friends and reading music books提示可知，我对音乐感兴
趣，music，不可数名词，故填music。

（3）句意：我喜欢和朋友们一起去听音乐会，读音乐书籍和杂志。

magazine，可数名词，杂志由前面books提示要用复数形式，故答案为magazines。

（4）句意：在高中的最后几个月里，我的梦想是成为一家音乐刊物的记者。

根据文中的my dream及a reporter的提示可知，此句表示想成为记者。

be或become，动词，前面有不定式符号to，故答案为be或become。

（5）句意：所以我在大学里学习了写作。

根据上文中的my dream was to be a reporter提示可知，在大学里学习写作是结果，要用连词so，故填So。

（6）句意：但我的老师说我的写作很糟糕，我不会是一个好记者。

根据上文语句But my teacher said my writing was terrible, 提示可知，此句表示我不可能成为一名好的记者，要用情态动词can，因表示过去，故答案为could。

（7）句意：我的朋友也告诉我很难找到一份记者的工作。

固定句型结构it's+形容词+to do sth，做某事怎样，此句需要动词不定式，find，找到，发现，动词，故填to find。

（8）句意：后来我开始学习公共关系，因为我喜欢与人交谈。

①learn，学习；begin to do sth，开始做某事，故填to learn；②talk，谈话；enjoy doing sth，喜欢做某事，故填talking。

（9）句意：我得到这份工作是因为我的写作能力。

write，写作，动词。

由because of可知，后面要用名词，或代词。

writing skill，写作能力，故填writing。

【点评】考查语法填空。

答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，并逐一验证。

4．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的整确形式（最多限填3个单词）。

When Mr. Jones went to a restaurant one day, he left this________ near the door. There was ________ （something） in the pockets of the coat when he left. So after his meal, he was very ________（surprise） to find that all the pockets were full ________ money!
There was a waiter near the door, so Mr. Jones said to him, "Someone________ （make） a mistake. He put some money in my coat. When he comes back, please give it ________ to him. "The waiter took it and went away. Suddenly, another man ________ （come） in with a coat just like Mr. Jones'. "I am sorry I made a mistake," said this man. I took your coat and you got ________ （me）. Please give me my coat and money." Mr. Jones answered, "I gave the money to the waiter. He ________ （give） it to you."
Mr. Jones called the manager （经理）of the restaurant, ________ the manager said, "We have no waiters here. We only have waitresses. ""You gave the money to a thief（小偷）," shouted the man.
What a terrible day for Mr. Jones!
【答案】 coat；nothing；surprised；of；made；back；came；mine；will give；but
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了琼斯先生在自己的口袋里面发现了许多钱，没有据为己有，
却错误的交到了贼的手里面。

（1）句意：有一天，琼斯先生去了一家餐馆，他把外套放在门边。

left后是名词做宾语根据the coat when he left，可知是大衣，coat是名词，故填coat。

（2）句意：当他离开时，口袋里什么也没有。

根据He put some money in my coat他在我的外套里放了一些钱，可知此时兜里没有东西，nothing，没有，不定代词，故填nothing。

（3）句意：所以饭后他惊讶地发现所以的口袋里装满了钱。

根据下文发现所有的口袋都满了钱可知，此处会感到惊讶，was系动词后是形容词，surprise是名词，surprised，是形容词，故填surprised。

（4）句意：所以饭后他惊讶地发现所以的口袋里装满了钱。

be full of，固定搭配，装满，故填of。

（5）句意：门口有个服务员，琼斯先生对他说：有人弄错了。

描述过去用一般过去时，make的过去式是made，故填made。

（6）句意：当他回来的时候，把它给他。

give back to，固定搭配，归还，故填back。

（7）句意：突然，另一个男人拿着一件和琼斯先生一样的外套进来了。

“对不起，”这个人说。

“但我犯了个错误”描述过去用一般过去时，come的过去式是came，故填came。

（8）句意：我拿了你的外套，你拿了我的。

此处用名词性物主代词指代my coat，me是宾格，我，mine是名词性物主代词，故填mine。

（9）句意：他会给你的。

归还的动作还没有发生，故是一般将来时，故填will give。

（10）句意：琼斯先生立刻打电话给餐厅经理，但经理说：“我们这里没有服务员。

我们只有女服务员。

”此处是表示转折关系，故用但是，but，是连词，故填but。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，代词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

5．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式
When receiving an order from Amazon, most people throw away the packaging （包装材料）box, but one________（Japan）man loves Amazon boxes so much________he has spent the last 9 years collecting them.
So what made a man take ________ collecting boxes as a hobby? For Kosuke Saito, it________ （be）some numbers. It started one day in 2008. When Saito was opening________Amazon box, he noticed（注意到）the serial number"XM06" ________ the box. He suddenly remembered seeing "MX08" on another Amazon box. He thought there must be an XM07 as well. He wanted________ （know）what that box was like. But it was only the________（begin）, because he soon found that Amazon boxes come in all________（shape） and sizes, and he took a great interest in all of them. So far, Kosuke Saito has collected 77 different models used in Japan.
However, one of ________（great） problems is that Saito's house is too small, so he has to rent（租用） a room for his collection.
【答案】 Japanese；that；up；was；the
；on；to know；beginning；shapes；the greatest
【解析】【分析】本文讲述一个日本人以收集盒子为爱好的原因。

（1）句意：但是一位日本人很热爱亚马逊盒子。

形容词修饰名词，Japan的形容词是Japanese，故填Japanese。

（2）句意：但是一位日本人如此很喜欢收集亚马逊盒子以至于他花了九年的时间收集它们。

so…that，如此……以至于，固定搭配，故填that。

（3）句意：因此什么使一个男人从事以收集盒子为爱好呢？take up从事，固定搭配，故填up。

（4）句意：它是一些数字。

根据语境，可知用一般过去时，主语是it，be动词用was，故填was。

（5）句意：当赛托打开亚马逊盒子时，他注意到了盒子上有一串数字“XM06”。

前面提及过亚马逊盒子，再次提及，要用定冠词the，故填the。

（6）句意：当赛托打开亚马逊盒子时，他注意到了盒子上有一串数字“XM06”。

根据When Saito was opening
和he noticed（注意到）the serial number"XM06" 可知数字在盒子的上面，因此用on，在……上，故填on。

（7）句意：他想知道那个盒子是什么样的。

want to do sth想做某事，因此用不定式，故填to know。

（8）句意：但是它只是仅仅是开始。

the后接名词，begin的名词是beginning，故填beginning。

（9）句意：因为他不久发现亚马逊盒子以各种各样的形状和大小出现。

all后接名词复数，shape的复数是shapes，形状，故填shapes。

（10）句意：然而，其中最好的一个问题是赛托的房子太小。

one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，固定搭配，great的最高级是greatest。

故填the greatest。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。

6．读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空（每空不多于3个单词）。

Last year, four students waited for their school bus every day for ten minutes, on the same dirty street. There ________ （be）old bottles, parts of old bikes, and empty soda cans （易拉罐）everywhere around the bus stop. The trees were brown and had few leaves（树叶）， and you couldn't see flowers at all．
One Friday, one of the ________ （child） looked at the street and decided to do something. ________next Monday, she brought a bag and ________（find）some of the old bottles to recycle（回收）. On Tuesday, she spent another ten minutes________ （pick） up old bottles. And her best friend helped pick up （捡起）soda cans and put ________（they） in different bags. On Wednesday, all the students joined together. The street became much ________（clean） than before!
The street looked better ________it was still not very beautiful. So the next day, the girl
brought some seeds （种子）. She planted the seeds and watered them. She only had ten minutes a day but that was enough. A few months later, this street became a beautiful garden________pretty flowers and green trees. It only took ten minutes a day. Do you have ten minutes a day to________（help） your city?
【答案】were；children；The；found；picking；them；cleaner；though/although；with；help
【解析】【分析】主要讲了一个小女孩每天利用等公交车的十分钟时间把城市街道变成干净的。

（1）句意：在公交车站附近到处有旧的瓶子、旧自行车零件和空的易拉罐。

时态是一般过去时，主语bottles是复数，所以用were，故填were。

（2）句意：孩子们中的一个看看街道，决定做些事情。

one of+可数名词复数，......之一，child的复数是children，故填children。

（3）句意：下个星期一，她拿着一个袋子。

the next Monday下个周一，故填The。

（4）句意：发现一些旧的瓶子要回收。

时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式found，故填found。

（5）句意：周二她花费另一个十分钟捡起旧的瓶子。

spend+时间+doing sth.花费时间做某事，所以用picking，故填picking。

（6）句意：她最好的朋友帮忙捡起易拉罐，并且把它们放进不同的袋子里。

put是实义动词，后面用宾格，they的宾格是them，故填them。

（7）句意：街道变得比之前干净了许多。

than是比较级标志词，所以用clean的比较级cleaner，故填cleaner。

（8）句意：尽管它看起来不是非常漂亮，但是街道看起来更好。

前后句表示转折，根据句意可知是尽管，故填 though/although。

（9）句意：几个月后，这个街道成为一个带有漂亮花和绿色树的美丽花园。

带有用with，表伴随，故填with。

（10）句意：你有一天十分钟的时间帮助你的城市吗？to do不定式表示目的，故填help。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。

注意理解短文，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。

注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。

7．语法填空
I had a great winter vacation last year. I went to the mountains ________ my family and we stayed with some friends. ________ （they） house was really big, with lots of trees around it. You could get lost very ________ （easy）.
Last year, the weather was very bad. It was windy, wet and snowy. ________, the mountains were beautiful. I love climbing, so we climbed every day. I took quite a few ________ （photo）, usually of different animals.
The countryside was very quiet, but across from the house there was ________ farm. The farmer had many cows, and they were ________ （loud） than cars! Every day we walked to the farm to get milk. It was so delicious!
There was a village that I ________ （ride）my bike to. It was very small. There wasn't anywhere to go shopping, but it was the best place ________ （go） on vacation! I even met two women from Canada. We are now friends. In ________ （fact）, we are the same in many ways.
【答案】 with；Their；easily；However；photos；a；louder；rode；to go；fact
【解析】【分析】主要讲了去年寒假的经历。

（1）句意：我和我的家人去爬山。

根据句意可知是和家人去的，所以用with，和……，表伴随，故填with。

（2）句意：他们的房子是真大。

house是名词，所以前面用形容词性物主代词修饰，they 是主格，其形容词性物主代词是their，故填Their。

（3）句意：你可能很容易迷路。

get lost是实义动词短语，副词修饰实义动词，easy的副词是easily，故填easily。

（4）句意：然而，山是漂亮的。

根据前句the weather was very bad.可知天气是糟糕的，但是山却很漂亮，根据逗号可知用however，但是，故填However。

（5）句意：我拍了许多照片。

quite a few后面用可数名词复数，photo的复数是photos，故填photos。

（6）句意：但是房子对面有个农场。

farm是可数名词单数，以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。

（7）句意：它们比车更大声。

than是比较级的标志词，所以用比较级louder，故填louder。

（8）句意：有一个我骑自行车去的村庄。

was表明时态是一般过去时，所以ride用过去式rode，故填rode。

（9）句意：但是它是度假的最好的地方。

the best place to do sth.做某事的最好地方，动词不定式to do表目的，故填to go。

（10）句意：事实上，我们在许多方面是相同的。

in fact事实上，故填fact。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。

注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。

8．阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式（每空不多于两个单词）。

It's not often sunny in Paris, but people still love to walk along the banks of the Seine. They love the city's old buildings,________（especial）Notre Dame Cathedral（巴黎圣母院）. Unluckily, that view ________（go） since April 16th, 2019.
On April 16, a fire destroyed the 850-year-old cathedral, and two-thirds of the roof. The fire________（shock） Parisians. People came together to the church,________（sing） songs and praying （祈祷）for the hundreds of firefighters who fought the flames. "Notre Dame, not only to Catholics, ________to all Parisians means a lot," wrote by ________author, "It's a symbol of French culture and history." That's ________ people felt sad. The church itself, after all, is a treasure. It was built in 1163 and after Notre Dame, churches in Europe were built
________ （tall） and looked more beautiful. Though Notre Dame had a long history and many ________（treasure）, Victor Hugo, a writer, made the church truly famous. His novel, The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, presented the building to us. He wrote the book to remind people ________ it, with hope they would work to protect the beautiful old buildings of Paris.
【答案】 especially；has gone；shocked；singing；but；an；why；taller；treasures；of 【解析】【分析】主要讲了被大火烧掉的巴黎圣母院。

（1）句意：他们喜欢这个城市古老的建筑物，尤其是巴黎圣母院。

尤其是用especially，故填especially。

（2）句意：不幸运的是，那个景色自从2019年4月16日就已经消失了。

since引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，句子是主句，所以用现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语是单数view，所以用has，go的过去分词是gone，故填has gone。

（3）句意：这场大火震惊了巴黎人。

时态是一般过去时，所以用过去式shocked，故填shocked。

（4）句意：人们一起来到教堂，唱歌和为救火的数百名消防战士祈祷。

and连接并列成分，praying是ing，所以sing也用ing，即singing，故填singing。

（5）句意：“巴黎圣母院，不仅仅对天主教徒，而且对巴黎人意义重大。

”not only...but （also）...不仅……而且……，故填but。

（6）句意：由一名作家所写“它是法国文化和历史的象征。

”author是可数名词，以元音音素开头，所以用an，故填an。

（7）句意：那是人们为什么感到悲伤的原因。

that's why+句子，表示那是为什么……的原因，故填why。

（8）句意：欧洲的教堂被建立的更高和看起来更漂亮。

and表并列，前后单词用法一致，more beautiful，比较级，所以tall也用比较级taller，故填taller。

（9）句意：尽管巴黎圣母院有长的历史和许多珠宝。

many修饰可数名词复数，treasure 的复数是treasures，故填treasures。

（10）句意：他写这本书使他们想起它。

remind sb. of sth.，使某人想起……，故填of。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。

注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。

注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。

二、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
9．根据短文内容, 选择最佳答案。

B
Do you know how many pandas there are in the world? World Wildlife Fund （WWF） has spent four yours counting pandas in the world. It says there are 1,590 now. In the 1980s, there
were only 1,100.
So we may say that pandas are lucky because people around the world love them and are trying their best to help them. However, we also say that pandas are unlucky because they are still facing a lot of problems now.
Pandas are not good at making babies. Even in the wild, scientists have found that female pandas give birth only every 28 months. Th at’s why the number of pandas goes up so slowly.
Pandas need bamboos for food, but bamboo dies every 10 to 100 years. It can take up to 20 years to provide（提供） food for pandas. When bamboo dies, pandas have to move to other areas. In the past, this was easy. However, the number of people keeps growing, people cut down more forests and built more villages. It’s more difficult for pandas to find bamboos and homes than before.
In the past years, WWF made great efforts to protect pandas. And some Chinese scientists are also always trying to find ways to help pandas.
（1）Which is NOT the problem pandas are facing?
A. Pandas are not good at making babies.
B. It takes a long time for bamboos to grow.
C. People cut down a lot of forests.
D. People in the world are not caring for them.（2）Why do people cut down forests?
A. They want to find enough room to live in.
B. They want to kill pandas.
C. They want to set up companies there.
D. They just want to do so.
（3）What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The number of pandas is growing.
B. What are the problems pandas face.
C. How can we plant more bamboos.
D. How can we protect pandas
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
【解析】【分析】
⑴细节理解。

根据第三段Pandas are not good at making babies可知A正确；根据第四段 It can take up to 20 years to provide（提供）food for pandas可知B正确；根据第四段the number of people keeps growing, people cut down more forests and built more villages可知人口数量的增长导致大量的森林被砍伐，所以C正确。

根据最后一段可知人们正在拯救大熊猫，故选D。

⑵细节理解。

根据第四段people cut down more forests and built more villages可知人类砍伐森林建造村庄，故选A。

⑶主旨大意。

本文谈论大熊猫所面临的的生存问题。

故选B。

【点评】考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

10．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

B
Today I went to Sam's school in the UK. It was really different from my school in China.
Girls wore grey skirts and white shirts, boys wore grey trousers, and everyone wore the school tie.
Some of Sam's lessons were a bit strange for me. We were reading Shakespeare in the English lesson, and there were quite some old words like "thou" and "thee" to mean "you". In history we studied 20th Century China. It was strange hearing a foreign side of history — and hearing English people trying to say all our Chinese names!
Classes were also a lot more relaxing than in China. Teachers were called "sir" or "miss", everyone shouted answers and raised their hands in classes. It was more like a debate than a class. A bell rang at the end of each lesson and everyone jumped up to go to the next class.
At break we bought potato chips and cookies in the dining room. Lunch was later than in China at 1 o'clock. We had big plates of pie with carrots. For dessert there was hot sweet rice called rice pudding.
It was good that I'd had an excellent lunch, because at Sam's school Monday afternoons are taken up with sports.
I played my first game of netball — a bit like basketball, but with some differences. Luckily I'd had a quick look in the rule book before I tried to join in the game.
（1）Paragraph 2 shows that _______.
A. They wear uniforms in Sam's school
B. lessons are different between schools in China and the UK
C. there is a break of 30 minutes every day in the school
D. sports take up much lime in Sam's school
（2）The underlined word "debate" ill Paragraph 4 means ____ .
A. fight
B. exam
C. discussion
D. suggestion
（3）What do they have for lunch at Sam's school'?
A. Pie and hot sweet rice.
B. Potato chips
C. Cookies.
D. Carrots.（4）What class do Sam have on Monday afternoon?
A. Maths
B. History
C. PE
D. Music
（5）What's the best title for the passage?
A. Relaxed classes in the UK
B. Clothes, food and sports in a UK school
C. Strange lessons in Sam's school
D. A day in Sam's school
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）A
（4）C
（5）D
【解析】【分析】短文大意：文章主要介绍了作者在山姆学校所经历的一天的生活，学生在校必须穿校服，课程设置也要比中国的课程轻松很多，上课更像是辩论，午餐也很丰盛，并且第一次尝试无挡板篮球运动。

（1）细节理解题。

第二段主要讲述了女孩子们都穿灰色的短裙和白色的衬衫，男孩子们穿灰色的长裤，而且都打学校的领带。

可知在山姆的学校，学生们都穿校服，故选A。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据短文中的句子everyone shouted answers and raised their hands in classes.每个人在课堂上都大声地回答问题，而且还经常举手，所以上课更像是辩论，故答案选C。

（3）细节理解题。

根据第五段内容e had big plates of pie with carrots. For dessert there was hot sweet rice called rice pudding.可知在山姆的学校午餐吃Pie and hot sweet rice.，故选A。

（4）细节推理题。

根据倒数第二段 It was good that I'd had an excellent lunch, because at Sam's school Monday afternoons are taken up with sports. “sports”意为“运动”，即“上体育课”，故C。

（5）主旨大意题。

依据短文内容可知，文章主要介绍了作者在山姆学校所经历的一天的生活，故答案为D。

【点评】本文难度较大，个别小题需要根据相关内容进行推理总结。

首先要认真阅读短文，注意前后联系，掌握短文大意，然后带着问题再读短文，找出相关段落，分析总结，判断出正确选项。

11．阅读理解
Ferdinand Magellan（1480~1521） was a Portuguese explorer. In 1519, he led the voyage to sail around the world. It was also the first voyage to sail from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. Magellan gave the Pacific Ocean its name, which means "peaceful sea" in Portuguese. However, Magellan was killed in a battle before the voyage was finished. Only one of his ships, Victoria completed the journey.
It's said that Laozi lived in the about 5th century BC. It is believed that he wrote Daodejing. This book is popular in both the East and the West, and it is still widely read today. Many people have found inspiration（灵感）from this book. There are many famous sayings in Daodejing. One of them is, "A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step."
Sir Isaac Newton was an English physicist, mathematician and astronomer. He discovered the law of universal gravitation. In 1687, Newton published one of the most important books in the history of science. In the book, Newton described many laws that show how the universe works. It's said Albert Einstein kept a picture of Newton on the wall of his study.
（1）Which of the following was the sad news during Magellan's voyage?。