词汇学练习

词汇学练习
II: 根据所给的例子man，按语义特征【±COMMON 普通/ 专用】、【±CONCRETE 是/非实体】、
【±ANIMATE 有/无生命】、【±HUMAN 是非人类】、【±MALE 是/非男性】、【±COUNT 可/不可数】，参照例词对下列其他的名词作出语义分析：
【COMMON】、【CONCRETE】、【ANIMATE】、【HUMAN】、【MALE】、【COUNT】
+ + + + + +
man
____________________________________________________________________ ____
book
____________________________________________________________________ ____
Mary
____________________________________________________________________ ____
wisdom
____________________________________________________________________ ____
table
____________________________________________________________________ ____
thought
____________________________________________________________________ ___
rabbit
____________________________________________________________________
____
tree
____________________________________________________________________ ____
water
____________________________________________________________________ ____
London
____________________________________________________________________ ____
hen
____________________________________________________________________ ___
flower
____________________________________________________________________ ___
television
____________________________________________________________________ ___
idea
____________________________________________________________________ ___
cow
____________________________________________________________________ ___
bachelor
____________________________________________________________________ ___
V. 将方框内有关食物或人身体部位的词语填入比喻词组中，使其意思完整：
pancake eggs cucumber arm beans potatoes
flour butter skeleton ears blackberry sausage
porridge beef toast onions
1. as lean as ________________
2. as long as ________________
3. as white as ________________
4. as flat as _________________
5. as warm as ________________
6. as yellow as ______________
7. as plain as ________________ 8. as round as ________________
9. as naked as ________________ 10. as sweet as _______________
11. as strong as _______________ 12. as tastellessas _______________
13. as red as _______________ 14. as plum as _______________
15. as thick as _______________ 16. as coolas _______________
I. 选出下列斜体词的同义词：
1. Actually, I did a degree in English language with Spanish.
A. Currently
B. In fact
C. At the moment
D. Even
2. The struggle between good and evil is never-ending.
A. balance
B. fight
C. harmony
D. competition
3. They’re charging 60 Euros to get in. It’s a complete con.
A. bargain
B. rip-off
C. wind-down
D. discount
4. The problem is mainly worse in the mornings.
A. occasionally
B. sometimes
C. on the whole
D. primarily
5. When I am on holiday, priority No. 1 is to relax.
A. wind down
B. be windy
C. wind up
D. wind round
6. Be careful. The teacher’s really vexed about something this morning.
A. annoyed
B. happy
C. thrilled
D. distressed
7. That guy seems a bit shrewd to me.
A. good
B. astute
C. messed up
D. angry
8. What we need are original minds.
A. first
B. careful
C. creative
D. proud
9. The director of the company receives an ample salary.
A. heave
B. enough
C. plentiful
D. spacious
10. I am at a critical moment in my life.
A. clear
B. rough
C. keen
D. crucial
I. 找出下列各组词中对应的反义词：
1. 1）boom A. weakness
2) guilt B. recession
3) punishment C. reward
4) strength D. innocence
2. 1) attack A. end
2) confirm B. fail
3）succeed C. deny
4) begin D. defend
3. 1) major A. urban
2) rural B. sober
3) drunk C. minor
4). permanent D. temporary
4. 1). commonly A. implicitly
2) privately B. well
3) explicitly C. publicly
4) badly D. rarely
5. 1) fact A. lose
2) win B. pessimistic
3) optimistic C. fiction
4) inclusively D. exclusively
II. 用否定前缀写出下列单词的反义词：1. active _________
2. tangible ________________
3. moved ____________
4. movable _________
5. comfort ________________
6. comfortable____________
7. symmetrical _________
8. intelligence ________________
9. relevant ____________ 10.audible _________ 11. literate ________________ 12. trust ____________
13. stop _________ 14. adequate ________________ 15. obey___________
16. pack___________ 17. communication_______________ 18. mannered ___________ 19. nutrition _______________ 20. colored ____________
V. 选出下列各词的反义词：
1. indeterminate A. qualified B. definite C. stubborn D. effective
2. diverge A. bypass B. enclose C. relay D. come together
3. anomalous A. viscous B. essential C. normal D. elemental
4. stabilize A. penetrate B. minimize C. fluctuate D. isolate
5. anchor A. unbend B. disjoin C. disrupt D. dislodge
6. refute A. associate B. recognize C. prove D. understand
7. boisterous A. angry B. clever C. frightened D. quiet
8. emit A. absorb B. demand C. mistake D. prevent
9. ally A. mediator B. adversary C. inventor D. conspirator
10. offhand A. accurate B. universal C. appropriate
D.premediated
11. profuse A. sequential B. scant C. surly D. supreme
12. extant A. extensive B. extricable C. extinct D. extra
13. persevere A. put into B. send out C. take away D. give up
14. pungency A. boredom B. redundancy C. blandness D. insignificance
15. sedulous A. ponderous B. careless C. useless D. treacherous
16. flustered A. mute B. calm C. heavy D. courageous
17. expire A. evolve B. stabilize
C. come to life
D. grow to fruition
18. morose A. agitated B. overawed C. decisive D. cheerful
19. gist A. artificial manner B. trivial point
C. eccentric method
D. singular event
20. endorse A. provoke criticism B. receive payment
C. submit unwillingly
D. oppose publicly
I．写出下列共下义词的上义词：
1. prawn, crab, octopus, oyster _________________
2. flute, drum, violin, saxphone _________________
3. hammer, saw, spanner, screw _________________
4. sparrow, nightingale, owl, robin _______________
5. date, mango, peach, plum ____________________
6. sight, hearing, touch, taste ____________________
7. acridity, aroma, stink, pong ___________________
8. boat, ship, destroyer, cruiser __________________
9. spectacles, mirror, telescope, microscope _____________________
10. jacket, fleece, overcoat, sweater___________________________
11. roll, bagel, croissant, baguette ____________________________
12. snack, repast, refreshment, feast ___________________________
13. cheesecake, pie, custard, fruit salad ________________________
14. eggplant, mushroom, broccoli, cauliflower ___________________
15. borrow, buy, steal, find ___________________________________
16. walk, run, stagger, crawl __________________________________
17. murder, slay, slaughter, assassination _________________________
18. slippers, boots, sandals, sneakers ____________________________
19. paper, pens, envelopes, eraser ____________________________
20. robbery, theft, raid, embezzlement _________________________
I. 下列各词都经历了词义范围的变化，A 和B 是它们演变前后的词义。

判断词义的变化是扩大还是缩小：
1. admiral A. commander B. supreme naval commander
2. appetite A. a very generalize desire B. the wish for food
3. beverage A. drink B. a kind of drink
4. campus A. field B. grounds of college
5. church A. lord’s house B. house of worship
6. companion A. someone who shares your bread with you
B. person who shares in the work, pleasures, misfortunes of another
7. citizen A. city dweller B. to get away
8. escape A. to get out of one’s clothing B. to get away
9. lesson A. something read B. thing to be learnt by a pupil
10. maintain A. hold in the hand B. hold
11. pioneer A. foot slider sent on ahead to clear the way
B. person who is among the first to go into an area
12. president A. person who presides B. head of state
13. restaurant A. a place where one is restored or refreshed
B. public places where meals can be bought and eaten
14. salary A. allowance given to Roman soldiers for buying salt
B. fixed regular payment to employees doing work
15. secretary A. person in someone else’s confidence, sharing secret with them
B. employee in an office, usually working for another person
16. shirt A. garment B. top garment won by men
17. spy A. someone who looks B. person who secretly watches
18. tail A. hairy caudal appendage of an animal
B. anything like an animal’s tail in form or position
19. umbrella A. a little shadow B. folding frame to shelter from rain
20. voyage A. journey B. journey by water
IV. 写出以下美国英语词语对应的英国英语词语
1. apartment _______________
2. argument ___________
3. baby carriage _____________
4. bandage __________________
5. bathroom ___________
6. can ________
7. chopped beef _______________ 8. cookie ______________ 9. corn _______________
10. diaper ____________ 11. elevator ______________ 12. eraser _____________
13. flashlight ___________ 14. French fries ___________ 15. gas _____________
16. guy ________________ 17. super highway ____________ 18.
hood (car) ____________ 19. jello ____________ 20. jelly ___________ V. 写出以下英国英语词语对应的美国英语词语
1. paraffin _____________
2. solicitor ___________
3. number plate ___________
4. queue _______________
5. post ______________
6. caravan _______________
7. cinema ______________ 8. silencer ___________ 9. serviette _______________
10. nought _____________ 11. flyover ___________ 12. dummy ________________
13. trousers ________ 14. car park ________ 15. full stop ___________
16. chemist __________ 17. crisps __________ 18. hire ______________
19. banger ____________ 20. pavement __________
II. 从B栏中找出与A栏成语相对应的解释：
A
1. play hovoc with
2. a bitter pill to swallow
3. set something in order
4. not fit to hold the candle to
5. exchange words with
6. out of one’s depth
7. keep up with 8. at the outside
9. rule of thumb 10. put all one’s eggs in one basket 11. set by 12. be like a fish out of water 13. go out of one’s mind 14. as good as one’s word
15. on demand 16. stop at nothing
17. neck or nothing 18. raise one’s voice aga inst
19. show off 20. after one’s own heart
B
a.quarrel with
b.express opposition to
c.place all one’s money on one risk
/doc/1d15714661.html,pletely beyond one’s capacity
e.based on experience or practice, not on theory or principle
f.behave with offensive pride and false self-importance
g.not to be compared with
h.be forgotten
i.something unpleasant that must be endured
j.carrying on one’s promises
/doc/1d15714661.html,e every means
l.feel awkward because of unfamiliar surroundings
m.arrange something neatly
n.remain level with
o.desperately, risking everything in an effort to win
p.cause trouble to
q.do as one wishes without considering the feelings of others r.at the most
s.when asked for
t.discontinue for a time
III. 将下列明喻成语译成汉语
1. feel like a boiled rage _________
2. like a fish out of water __________
3. like a fish off a duck’s back __________
4. spread like a wild fire ___________
5. like a browned rat _____________
6. like a rat in a hole ______________
7. grin like a Cheshire cat _____________ 8. sing like a nightingale ___________
9. smoke like a chimney ________________ 10. speak like a book _______________
11. like bell ________________ 12. like a house on fire __________________ 13. lie like a gas-meter _________________ 14. like lightening ______________________ 15. sell like hot cakes __________________ 16. like a bird __________________________ 17. blush like a rose ___________________ 18. like a cat on hot bricks ________________ 19. hold on like grim death ______________ 20. like the devil ________________________。