人教新教材高中英语必修1Unit 4 学案：Reading and Thinking

Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．disaster n．灾难；灾害
2．slide v i.& v t. (使)滑行；滑动
3．flood n. 洪水；大量
v i. 淹没；大量涌入
v t. 使灌满水；淹没
4．rescue n．& v t. 营救；救援
5．damage v t. 损害；破坏
n. 损坏；损失
6．destroy v t. 摧毁；毁灭
7．affect v t. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动8．shelter n. 避难处；居所；庇护
v t. 保护；掩蔽
v i. 躲避(风雨或危险)
9．ruin n．& v t. 破坏；毁坏
10．electricity n. 电；电能
11．trap v t. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套
n. 险境；陷阱
12．bury v t. 埋葬；安葬
13．effort n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力14．wisdom n. 智慧；才智
15．drought n. 旱灾；久旱
16．crack n. 裂纹；裂缝
v i.& v t. (使)破裂
17．percent n. 百分之……
adj.& ad v. 每一百中
18．brick n. 砖；砖块
19．metal n. 金属
Ⅱ.词汇转换
1．death n．死；死亡→dead adj.无生命的
2．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克v t.(使)震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的
3．breathe v i.& v t.呼吸→breath n．呼吸
4．revive v t.& v i.复活；(使)苏醒→revival n．振兴；复苏
5．unify v i.& v t.统一；(使)成一体→unite v i.& v t.团结
6．suffer v t.遭受；蒙受v i.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n．折磨；苦难
Ⅲ.默写短语
1．as__if似乎；好像；仿佛
2．in__ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
3．in__shock 震惊；吃惊
4．set__up 建立
5．as__usual 像往常一样
6．come__to__an__end 结束
7．the__number__of ……的数量
8．dig__out 挖掘
9．a__home__to ……的家园
10．go__through 经历
①northeastern/ˌnɔːθ'iːstən/adj.东北部的，来自东北部的
southwestern/ˌsaʊθ'westən/adj.西南部的，西南的
②well n．井
③rise(rose，risen) v i.上升；起床
④smelly/'smeli/adj.有难闻气味的
⑤asleep adj.睡着的(为表语形容词)
fall asleep睡着
fast/sound asleep熟睡
⑥as usual像通常一样
⑦shake v．(shook，shaken)(使)颤动，摇动
⑧come to an end结束
⑨directly/də'rektli/ad v.恰好，正好地；径直；立即conj.一……就……
directly below/ahead正下方/正前方
⑩deadly/'dedli/adj.(deadlier，deadliest)致命的；十足的，彻底的ad v.极其，非常⑪more than超过；不仅仅；非常
no more than仅仅；不超过
⑫waterway n．水路，航道
landway/land route陆路
air route航路
⑬in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
ruin/'ruːIn/n.& v t.破坏；毁坏
⑭the number of...……的数量。

后跟
可数名词复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

〖联想〗a number of...很多……。

后跟可数名词复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

⑮survivor/sə'vaIvə(r)/n.幸存者；生还者
survival/sə'vaIvl/n.生存；幸存；存活
⑯gone adj.不复存在；用完了；(人)离开了。

为形容词化的过去分词，在句中常作表语。

⑰blow...away把……吹走；把……驱散
⑱railway track铁路轨道
track n．轨道；(人)踩出的小道；踪迹v．跟踪
⑲useless adj.没用的
〖反义〗useful adj.有用的
⑳instead of prep.代替，作为……的替换(后跟名词、代词、v－ing)
〖联想〗instead ad v.相反；而是(与完整的句子连用)
○21in shock震惊；吃惊(通常作表语)
shock/ʃɒk/n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克v t.(使)震惊
○22fall down倒塌；跌倒
fall over跌倒
○23electricity/Iˌlek'trIsəti/n.电；电能
○24dig out挖掘出；找出，发现
○25trap/træp/v t.(trapped，trapped)使落入险境；使陷入圈套n．险境；陷阱
be trapped in...被困在……中
○26bury/'beri/v t.埋葬；安葬
be buried in...被埋于……里面；埋头于……
○27medical care医疗护理
○28breathe/briːð/v i.& v t.呼吸
breath/breθ/n.呼吸；气息
○29revive/rI'vaIv/v t.& v i.复活；(使)苏醒
revival/rI'vaIvl/n.振兴；复苏
○30on one’s feet站着，站立
rise to one’s feet站起来
struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
○31tireless/'taIələs/adj.不知疲倦的，精力充沛的
tired adj.疲倦的，疲劳的
○32effort/'efət/n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
○33prove/pruːv/v t.证明；证实linking v erb后来被发现是，最终显现为
○34in times of...在……时候
at times有时
○35unify/'juːnIfaI/v i.& v t.统一；(使)成一体
unified adj.统一的
○36wisdom/'wIzdəm/n.智慧；才智
〖拓展〗－dom为常见的名词后缀，由它构成的词还有：freedom(自由)，boredom(无聊)等。

○37rebuild/ˌriː'bIld/v t.重建，重组
〖拓展〗re－为常见的动词前缀，表示“再，又”，由它构成的词还有：rewrite(重写)，return(返回)等。

〖文化采风〗
唐山大地震
1．地震概况
1976年7月28日03时42分53秒，中国河北省唐山—丰南一带发生里氏7.8级地震，震中烈度11度、震源深度10余千米，地震持续约23秒。

23秒钟后，唐山被夷为废墟。

2．抗震精神
一座城市的毁灭是可怕的，人的精神崩溃更为可怕。

然而，唐山人民在灾难面前所表现出的“公而忘私，患难与共，百折不挠，勇往直前”的抗震精神，是震时及震后建设中支撑、激励、鼓舞和引导唐山人民最终战胜地震灾害、重建家园的精神力量。

,
THE NIGHT THE EARTH
DIDN’T SLEEP
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern①Hebei.For several days, the water in the village wells② rose③ and fell，rose and fell.There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.At least one well had some smelly④ gas coming out of it〖1〗．Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat〖2〗，and dogs refused to go inside buildings.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide〖3〗，and fish jumped out of the water.At about 3：00 a．m., on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard.But the city’s one million people were asleep⑤ as usual⑥ that night.
〖1〗“coming out of it”在此为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰gas。

gas与come 之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。

〖2〗此处为“too...to...”结构，表示“太……而不能……”。

〖3〗“looking for places to hide”在此为现在分词短语作伴随状语，Mice与look for 之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，“寻找”与“跑”同时进行。

At 3：42 a．m., everything began to shake⑦.It seemed as if the world were coming to
an end⑧〖4〗！Eleven kilometres directly⑨below the city, one of the most deadly⑩earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than⑪ 150 kilometres away in Beijing〖5〗．Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it!
A huge crack, eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide, cut across houses, roads，and waterways⑫.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins⑬.Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children were left without parents〖6〗. The number of⑭ people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400，000.
〖4〗本句中as if引导表语从句，该从句使用了虚拟语气。

〖5〗“a quake that even caused...in Beijing”为“one of the most deadly earthquakes”的同位语，其中“that even caused...in Beijing”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a quake，that在从句中作主语。

〖6〗此处为“leave＋宾语＋宾补”结构的被动形式。

Everywhere survivors⑮ looked, there was nothing but ruins 〖7〗．Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone⑯. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away⑰.Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross〖8〗．The railway tracks⑱were now useless⑲pieces of metal.Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of⑳water.People were in shock○21—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.Even more buildings fell down○22.Water, food, and electricity○23were hard to get.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last〖9〗．
〖7〗Everywhere survivors looked是地点状语从句。

Everywhere既是地点副词，也作连词，引导地点状语从句。

主句中用了“nothing but...”结构，but是介词，意为“除……之外”；该结构后可跟名词、代词或动词不定式，如果nothing前面
有实义动词do时，后跟的动词不定式要省略to。

〖8〗此处是“主语＋be＋adj.(＋for sb)＋不定式”句型，不定式用主动形式表示
被动意义。

下文中的“Water，food，and electricity were hard to get”也属于此句型。

〖9〗how在此作连接副词，引导宾语从句，同时作状语修饰形容词long。

But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to
Tangshan to dig out○24those who were trapped○25and to bury○26the dead 〖10〗．More than 10，000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care○27. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.Water and food were brought
into the city by train, truck, and plane.Slowly, the city began to breathe○28again.〖10〗本句中“to dig out...and to bury the dead”为两个并列的动词不定式作目的状
语，其中who were trapped为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词those；先行词为those且指人时，定语从句要用who引导。

the dead表示“死者”，属于“the ＋adj.”结构。

Tangshan started to revive○29itself and get back up on its feet○30. With strong support from the government and the tireless○31efforts○32of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.The new city has become a home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation,
industry, and environment.Tangshan city has proved○33to China and the rest of the world that in times of○34disaster，people must unify○35and show the wisdom○36 to stay positive and rebuildB37 for a brighter future〖11〗．
〖11〗本句使用了“prove to...that...”结构，that引导的宾语从句作prove的直接宾
语；其中to stay positive为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰抽象名词wisdom。

,
地球的不眠之夜
河北省东北部的乡村不断有怪事发生。

连续几天，村里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。

井壁上出现深深的裂缝，至少有一口井冒出难闻的气味。

鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃东西，狗也不愿意进屋子里。

老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身，鱼儿跃出水面。

1976年7月28日凌晨3点左右，唐山市外的天空中闪现一道道亮光，伴有巨大的声响。

然而，那天夜里，城里的100万居民还在像平日那样(安然地)睡着。

凌晨3点42分，一切都开始摇晃起来，仿佛世界末日即将来临！在城市正下方11千米的地方，20世纪最为致命的一场地震已经爆发了，就连150千米以外的北京也遭受了此次地震带来的伤害，全国几乎三分之一的地方都有震感！一条长8千米，宽30米的巨大裂缝横穿了房屋、道路和水路；坚硬的石山变成了泥土的河流；在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为了废墟。

三分之二的居民遇难或受伤，成千上万的儿童成了孤儿。

这场地震造成40多万人遇难或重伤。

幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟，城市的一切几乎都被摧毁了。

城市里大约75%的工厂和建筑，90%的住宅，以及所有的医院都荡然无存了。

残砖犹如秋日的红叶覆盖地面，但风吹不走它们。

大部分桥梁坍塌或不能安全通行，铁轨沦为废铁。

上万头牛、数十万头猪和几百万只鸡也死了。

井里满是沙子，而不是水。

人们震惊了——然后，当天下午晚些时候，又一场大地震再次侵袭了唐山，更多的建筑倒塌了。

水、食物和电都很难获得。

人们不知道这场灾难将会持续多久。

但是希望尚存。

地震后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。

上万名医生和护士赶来提供医疗护理。

工人们为家园被毁的幸存者建起庇护所。

数十万人获得了救助。

火车、卡车和飞机将水和食物
运入城中。

慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复生机。

唐山开始复兴，重新振作起来。

在政府的大力支持和市民坚持不懈的努力之下，新的唐山从一片地震废墟当中屹然崛起。

这座新城市容纳700多万人口，交通、工业和环境都得到了巨大改善。

唐山市向全中国乃至全世界证明，在灾难发生之际，人们必须团结一致，展现智慧，保持乐观，重建更光明的未来。

Ⅰ.Read the text and then fill in the blanks.
Ⅱ.Choose the best answer according to the text.
1．All the following unusual things happened before the quake EXCEPT that ________．
A．the water in the village wells rose and fell
B．the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat
C．tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again
D．fish jumped out of the water
2．Before the earthquake, people were asleep as usual because ________．
A．they didn’t notice anything strange happening
B．they knew well about earthquakes
C．something strange happened in many places
D．they didn’t realize the arrival of an earthquake
3．The second and third paragraphs are mainly about ________．
A．the great loss the earthquake brought to Tangshan
B．the number of people who were killed or injured
C．when and where an earthquake happened
D．The cause of the big earthquake in Tangshan
4．What does the sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again” mean?
A．The city would not die.It had hope.And it could recover from the pain.
B．The army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to help people.
C．Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.
D．Most of the 10，000 miners were rescued.
5．What is the mood (语气) of this passage?
A．Sad.B．Serious.
C．Serious and sad.D．Calm.
〖答案〗 1.C 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.C
1.ruin n．&vt.破坏；毁坏
In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.(教材P50)不到一分钟，一座大城市成为废墟。

(1)be/lie in ruins成为废墟；毁灭
fall into ruin 成为废墟；破败不堪
(2)ruin one’s hope/chance 使某人的希望破灭/机会失去
ruin oneself 自我毁灭
①The ancient temple has been in ruins and needs repairing.
这座古老的庙宇已经破败不堪，需要修理。

②Heavy smoking ruins (ruin)your health，so you should give up smoking.
吸烟过量损害你的健康，因此你应该戒烟。

③If you don’t give up taking drugs，you’ll ruin yourself__(you)．如果你不戒掉吸毒，你会毁了自己的。

〖链接写作〗补全句子
④The__whole__city__lay__in__ruins after the earthquake，which made us awake all night.
地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。

2.shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊
People were in shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.(教材P50)
人们惊呆了——接着，在那天下午晚些时候，又一次强烈的地震震撼着唐山。

(1)a great shock to sb对某人来说是极大的震惊
in shock 震惊；吃惊
(2)shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的
be shocked at/by 对……吃惊
be shocked to do sth 做某事很吃惊
(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的
①I looked at my husband in shock, waiting for him to tell me that I had misunderstood everything.
我震惊地望着丈夫，期待他告诉我，这一切都是我的误解。

②His situation was a great shock to us all.
他的处境使我们大家都大为震惊。

③The news shocked(shock) the public, leading to great concern about students’ safety at school.
这个消息使公众震惊，导致了对在校学生安全的担心。

④The news of his sudden death is so shocking that everyone is very shocked at it.(shock)
他突然死亡的消息如此令人震惊，以至于每个人听到时都感到很震惊。

〖链接写作〗补全句子
⑤I__was__shocked__to__hear__that__ Kobe and his second daughter died in the terrible air crash.
听到科比和他的二女儿死于可怕的空难，我很震惊。

〖名师点津〗shocked adj.“感到震惊的”，表示人的心理状态和心理感受；shocking adj.“令人震惊的”，说明事物的性质、特征、特点等。

3.trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n．险境；陷阱
Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.(教材P50)
地震发生后不久，军队派遣了15万名士兵前往唐山，搜救被困人员并埋葬遇难者。

(1)fall into a trap落入圈套
(2)be trapped in 困在……中；陷在……中
trap sb into (doing) sth 诱使某人做某事
①If you choose this way, you’re likely to fall into a trap.
如果你选择这条路，你很有可能会落入圈套。

②There was a power failure；they were__trapped(trap) in the lift.
停电了，他们被困在电梯里。

③By clever questioning they trapped him into telling the truth.
他们用巧妙的提问诱使他说了实话。

〖链接写作〗补全句子
④The soldiers were sent to the earthquake－hit area immediately to rescue the people who __were__trapped__in__the__ruins．
战士们立即被派往地震灾区营救被困在废墟中的人们。

4.bury vt .埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心(教材P 50)
(1)bury...in... 把……埋到……里
bury one’s face in hands 双手掩面
(2) ⎭
⎬⎫be buried in bury （oneself ） in 埋头于；专心于，沉浸于 ①She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news. 当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。

②Ever since he moved there, he has__been__buried(bury) in his research work. 自从搬到那里以后，他一直专注于研究工作。

③In the past three weeks, we have been burying ourselves(we) in study because the exam is drawing near.
在过去的三周里，我们一直专心于学习，因为考试即将到来。

〖链接写作〗 一句多译
④他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。

→Buried__in__his__study,__he didn’t know that all the others had left.(分词作状语) →Burying__himself__in__his__study,__he didn’t know that all the others had left.(分词作状语)
→Because__he__was__buried__in__his__study,__he didn’t know that all the others had left.(原因状语从句)
5.effort n ．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.(教材P 50)
在政府的大力支持和市民的不懈努力下，一个新唐山在废墟上建立了。

⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧spare no effort to do sth make every effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事
make an effort to do sth 努力做某事
①I do believe that all your efforts will pay off sooner or later.我的确相信你的努力迟早会得到回报。

②As far as I’m concerned, you should make a greater effort to__study(study) hard.
依我看来，你应该更加努力学习。

③If I am lucky enough to be given such a good chance，I will spare no effort to__finish(finish) the task.
如果我足够幸运被给予这样一个好机会，我将不遗余力地完成这项任务。

〖链接写作〗一句多译
④我们将竭尽全力帮助你，但你必须做好迎接各种困难的准备。

→We’ll try/do__our__best__to__help you，but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.
→We’ll make__every__effort__to__help you，but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.
→We’ll spare__no__effort__to__help you，but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.
6.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
What kind of help do you think people who have suffered an earthquake need？(教材P51)
你认为地震灾民需要什么样的帮助？
(1)suffer from患……病；因……而受苦
suffer from cold and hunger 忍饥挨冻
(2)suffer losses/pains 遭受损失/痛苦
(3)suffering n. 苦难，痛苦
sufferer n. 受难者
①As far as I know, he has ever suffered from a serious illness.
据我所知，他曾患有严重的疾病。

②The company suffered__a__great__loss as a result of the accident.
由于那次事故，该公司遭受了重大损失。

③She received many letters of support from some cancer sufferers(suffer)．
她收到许多癌症患者的支持信。

④Death finally brought an end to her suffering(suffer)．
死亡最终结束了她的痛苦(遭受)。

〖链接写作〗补全句子
⑤Even if he __suffered__from__a__lot__of__difficulties，he never gave in.
尽管饱受许多困难之苦，但他从不屈服。

7.supply n．〖pl.〗补给品；供应(量)；补给vt.供应；供给
The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.(教材P52)
向灾区提供的物资是从全国各地收集来的。

(1)in short supply短缺
have a good supply of... 备有许多……
school/medical supplies 学校用品/ 医疗用品
(2)supply sth to sb 为某人提供某物
supply sb with sth 为某人提供某物
①I’d like to buy a large backpack in advance to carry my supplies of food and water.我想预先买一个大的背包来装食品和水等必需品。

②I don’t know whether they have a good supply of food in the area.
我不知道这个地区是否有良好的食物供应。

③I’d like to know the reason why the milk is in short supply in this area now.
我想知道该地区现在牛奶供应不足的原因。

④The government has supplied plenty of food and clothes to the local people since the earthquake occurred.
政府在地震发生后已经向当地人民提供了大量的食物和衣服。

〖链接写作〗一句多译
⑤没有必要担心，我们可以提供任何你需要的东西。

→There is no need to worry.We can supply__you__with__whatever you need.
→There is no need to worry.We can supply__whatever__you__need__to__you．
8.survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过
She’s feeding the baby who survived the earthquake.(教材P52)
她正在喂地震中幸存的婴儿。

(1)A survive B (by...)A比B活得长……
survive on 依靠……生存下来
survive from 从……存活下来，流传下来
(2)survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. 〖U〗幸存；〖C〗残存物
①He was very lucky that he didn’t starve to death, but survived the cold winter.
他很幸运，没有饿死，而是熬过了寒冷的冬天。

②Of the six people injured in the terrible accident, only two survived(survive)．
在这场可怕的事故中受伤的6人中，只有2人幸存。

③The traveler trapped in the lonely island survived on the fish caught in the sea.
被困在荒岛上的旅行者靠海中捕获的鱼活了下来。

④The old lady has survived all her elder brother by ten years.那位老太太比她的哥哥多活了十年。

〖链接写作〗补全句子
⑤Some strange customs have__survived__from__earlier__times．
一些奇怪的习俗从早期流传下来。

1.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.(教材P50)鸡甚至猪都紧张得吃不下东西，狗也不愿意进圈舍里去。

〖句型公式〗too＋adj.＋to...“太……不能……”
(1)too ＋adj./ad v.(for sb) to do sth...意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定意义；
(2)too ＋(glad/pleased/willing/delighted/anxious)to do sth表示肯定意义。

①I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.
我讨厌她在上班时给我打电话——我总是很忙，没时间和她交谈。

②The problem is too difficult for me to__settle__(settle)．
这个问题太难了，我解决不了。

③I am too pleased to help you with your homework.
我很乐意帮你做作业。

〖链接写作〗一句多译
④我年龄太小了，不理解这部电影的含义。

→I was too__young__to__understand the meaning of the film.
→I was so__young__that I couldn’t understand the meaning of the film.
2.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！(教材P50)仿佛到了世界末日！〖句型公式〗as if＝as though“仿佛；好像”，在句中
引导表语从句。

It seemed (to sb) that/as if...“(对某人来说)似乎……”。

(1)as if从句用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的。

(2)as if从句用虚拟语气：
·从句用一般过去时(表示与现在的事实相反)；
·从句用过去完成时(表示与过去的事实相反)；
·从句用would/could/might do形式(表示与将来的事实相反)
①Look at the clouds in the sky! It looks as if it is going to rain.Let’s hurry up.
看看天上的乌云！看起来要下雨，咱们快一点。

②He talks to them as if they were(be) children.(与现在事实相反)
他同他们说话，就当他们是孩子一样。

③He talks about Rome as if he had__been(be) there before.(与过去事实相反)
他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里似的。

④He opened his mouth as if he would__say(say) something.(与将来事实相反)
他张开嘴好像要说什么。

〖链接写作〗补全句子
⑤It__seemed__as__if he didn’t care about everything around him.
看起来似乎他并不在乎身边的一切。

熟记重要词语
1．写出加黑词的词性和词义
People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.(last熟悉词含义：adj.最后的；此句生僻含义：v.持续)
2．写出下列词块的含义
①rise and fall起起伏伏
②as usual 像往常一样
③eight kilometres long 八公里长
④30 metres wide 30米宽
⑤the number of... ……的数量
⑥be gone 没有了
⑦dig out 挖掘
⑧provide medical care 提供医疗服务
⑨build shelters for homeless
为无家可归者建造避难所
⑩become a home to... 成为……的家园
⑪a brighter future 一个更光明的未来
⑫come to an end 结束
练透常用句型
1．分析句子结构
(1)Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the__most__deadly__earthquakes__of__the__20th__century__had__begun，
主干句
a__quake that__even__caused__damage__more__than__150
同位语定语从句
kilometres__away__in__Beijing．
〖尝试翻译〗20世纪最大的地震之一就在这座城市正下方11千米处发生了。

这场地震甚至对150多千米外的北京造成了破坏。

(2)Tangshan__city has proved to China and the rest of
主语谓语
the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
宾语从句
〖尝试翻译〗唐山市已经向中国和世界证明，在灾难发生的时候，人们必须团结一致，展现出保持乐观和重建更光明的未来的智慧。

(3)Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
〖句式分析〗主干句为“the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan”；不定式短语“to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead”作目的状语，其中“who were trapped”为定语从句。

〖尝试翻译〗地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名战士奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。

2．仿写下列句式
Thousands of children were left without parents.
成千上万个孩子变成了孤儿。

〖句式分析〗leave sb＋宾语补足语“使某人处于……”。

〖尝试仿写〗Turn off the tap after washing your hands.Don’t leave__the__water__running．
洗手后把水龙头关掉。

不要让水一直流着。