高三语法知识点总结
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
高三语法知识点总结
1. 介词短语
介词短语是由介词及其后面的宾语构成的短语,在句子中充当状语或定语。
介词短语可以表示时间、地点、目的、原因、方式等关系。
常见的介词有in、on、at、after、before、from、to、with等。
例如: - We went to the beach on Sunday. (时间关系) - He lives in a small town. (地点关系) - I bought this book for my brother. (目的关系) - She is studying for her exam. (原因关系) - He ran with great speed. (方式关系)
2. 从句
从句是一个句子内部含有一个完整结构的句子,从句在句子中充当名词、形容词或副词。
从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句。
主语从句
主语从句在句子中充当主语,常常以连接词that引导。
例如: - That he arrived late is not surprising. (基本从句) - Why he didn’t come is still a mystery. (特殊疑问从句) - If he can finish his homework is uncertain. (条件从句)
宾语从句
宾语从句在句子中充当宾语,常常以连接词that引导。
例如: - I hope that you will come to the party. (希望的宾语从句) - He told me that he loves me. (告知的宾语从句) - She wonders whether it will rain tomorrow. (疑问的宾语从句)
定语从句
定语从句在句子中充当定语,修饰名词。
常常以关系代词或关系副词引导。
例如: - The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting. (关系代词引导定语从句) - She showed me the house where she grew up. (关系副词引导定语从句)
状语从句
状语从句在句子中充当状语,修饰动词、形容词或副词。
常常以连词引导。
例如: - We went to the park because the weather was nice. (原因状语从句)- Drive carefully when it’s raining. (时间状语从句) - He speaks English fluently since he lived in the United States for ten years. (时间状语从句)
3. 倒装句
倒装句是一种句子结构,语序与常规顺序相反。
常见的倒装有完全倒装和部分
倒装两种形式。
完全倒装
完全倒装是指将助动词或情态动词提到句子主语之前。
例如: - Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset. (否定副词+助动词倒装) - Not only did he study English, but also German. (Not only…but also结构倒装) - Should you have any questions, please feel free to ask. (倒装询问句)
部分倒装
部分倒装是指将助动词或情态动词与主语中的一部分提到句首。
例如: - Hardly had she arrived when the phone rang. (副词+动词倒装) -
So excited was he that he couldn’t sleep. (So…that结构倒装) - On no account should you turn off the computer without saving your work. (介词短语+助动词倒装)
4. 虚拟语气
虚拟语气是指虚构的假设、愿望、建议等情况下使用的语气。
虚拟语气常见于
条件句、祈使句和表达愿望的句子中。
条件句中的虚拟语气
条件句中的虚拟语气用于表示与事实相反的情况或未实现的愿望。
例如: - If I were you, I would study harder. (与事实相反的情况) - If she had studied, she would have passed the exam. (未实现的愿望)
祈使句中的虚拟语气
祈使句中的虚拟语气用于表达建议、要求或禁止。
例如: - If only they would be quiet! (表达建议) - I wish you wouldn’t smoke
in here. (表达禁止)
表达愿望的句子中的虚拟语气
表达愿望的句子中的虚拟语气用于表达与现实不符的愿望。
例如: - I wish I were taller. (与现实不符的愿望) - If only it would stop raining. (与现实不符的愿望)
以上是高三语法知识点的总结,介绍了介词短语、从句、倒装句和虚拟语气的相关内容。
掌握这些语法知识点可以帮助提高语言表达的准确性和流利程度,希望对你的学习有所帮助。