2020-2021学年临沂市第十二中学高三英语三模试卷及答案解析

2020-2021学年临沂市第十二中学高三英语三模试卷及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Electric Shocks Can Be Fatal
Government statistics recently showed that in theUK, more than 3,000 people a year experience electric shocks in their homes. A smaller number of people are killed after they touch the power lines outside their homes. Electric shocks can cause a person's heart or breath to stop and are potentially fatal. It is essential for people to learn basic techniques to deal with such emergencies.
What to do?
● If you are the first person to reach someone who has an electric shock, don't touch him or her!
● If the victim is still holding the appliance that gives him or her the shock (e.g. a hair dryer), unplug it or turn off the power at its source.Under no circumstances can you try to move the appliance with your hands!
● Ifyou can't turn off the power, use a piece of wood, like a broom handle or a chair, to separate the victim from the appliance or the power source. You may even be able to do this with a folded newspaper.
● The victim must remain lying down. If he or she isunconscious, the victim should be placed on his or her side. But he or she should not be moved if there is a possibility of neck or spine injuries unless it is ly necessary.
● It is essential to maintain the victim's body heat, so make sure you cover him or her with a blanket before you do anything else. If the victim is not breathing, apply mouth-to-mouth resuscitation (人工呼吸). Keep the victim's head low until professional help arrives.
● If the electric shock has been caused by an external power line, the dangers to the victim and to anybody providing first aid are much greater.
1. What kind of passage is it?
A. An advertisement.
B. A horror story.
C. A news report.
D. First aid emergency advice.
2. The underlined sentence implies that ________.
A. you should move the appliance
B. you should pick up the appliance and turn off the electricity
C. it is very dangerous to touch the appliance with your hands
D. it is unnecessary to unplug the appliance with your hands
3. When a person has got an electric shock, you should ________.
A. separate the victim from the appliance and let him sit up
B. keep the victim warm and help him or her breathe again
C. move the victim onto his or her side if he or she has got neck injuries
D. keep the victim's head high until professional help arrives
B
In sportthe sexes are separate. Women and men do not run or swim in the same races. Women are less strong than men.That at least is what people say.Women are called the weaker sex, or, if men want to please them, the fair sex. But boys and girls are taught together at schools and universities. There are women who are famous Prime Ministers, scientists and writers. And women live longer than men. A European woman can expect to live until the age of 74, a man only until he is 68. Are women’s bodies really weaker?
The fastest men can run a mile in under 4 minutes. The best women need 4.5 minutes. Women’s time is always slower than men’s, but some facts are a surprise. Some of the fastest women swimmers today are teenage girls. One of them swam 400 meters in 4 minutes 21.2 seconds when she was only 16. The first ‘Tartan’ in film was an Olympic swimmer, Johnny Weissmuller. His fastest 400 meters was 4 minutes 49.1 seconds, which is 37.9 seconds slower than a girl 50 years later! This does not mean that women are catching men up. Conditions are very different now and sport is much more serious. It is so serious that some women athletes are given hormone injections. At the Olympics a doctor has to check whether the women athletes are really women or not. It seems sad that sport has such problems. Life can be very complicated when there are two separate sexes!
4. Women are called the weaker sex because _________.
A. women do as much as men
B. people think women are weaker than men
C. sport is easier for men than for women
D. in sport the two sexes are always together
5. Which of the following is true?
A. Boys and girls study separately everywhere.
B Women do not run or swim in races with men.
C. Famous Prime Ministers are women.
D. Men can expect to live longer than women in Europe.
6. The underlined part “That at least is what people say” means people _________.
A. say other things, too
B. don’t say this much
C. say this but may not think so
D. only think this
7. In this passage the author implies that _________.
A. womenare weaker than men, but faster
B. women are slower than men, but stronger
C. men are not always stronger and faster than women
D. men are faster and stronger than women
C
While the arts can' t stop the COVID-19 virus or the social unrest we see in the world today, they can give us insight into the choices we make when moving through crises and chaos. The arts invite everyone to think in new ways.
We often experience works of art as something that's pleasing to our senses without a full understanding of the creative effort. Great art often shows us contradictions and crises, and we can learn a great deal from their resolutions(解决). Through our understanding of art, we can gain a deeper understanding of how we might overcome our own challenges. In understanding extremes of contrast, we can see the beauty in art with themes that are not simply pleasing for their magnificent features or qualities.
Beethoven offers a wonderful example of moving artfully through crises and chaos. He composed his Symphony No. 9 as his hearing loss became more and more pronounced. The opening of the symphony seems to come out of nowhere, from near silence in the opening to a full expression of what many consider to be the joy of freedom and universal brotherhood with Schiller’s Ode to joy（欢乐颂). Beethoven appears to have created a work of art that not only freed him from his personal struggles, but one that also speaks to the joy of living together in peace and harmony.
Have a dialogue between the two opposing parts and you will find that they always start out fighting each other until we come to an appreciation of difference—a oneness of the two opposingforces.The arts offer many lessons that can help us gain the knowledge we need to move more confidently in today’ s competitive and uncertain environment. An openness to arts-based solutions will give you more control over your future.
8. What value does art have beyond pleasing people's senses?
A. It brings people inner peace.
B. It contributes to problem-solving.
C. It reduces the possibility of crises.
D. It deepens understanding of music.
9. What can we learn about Beethoven's Symphony No. 9?
A. It celebrates freedom and unity.
B. It aims to show crises and chaos.
C. It opens with Schiller's Ode to Joy.
D. It is unfinished due to his hearing loss.
10. What is the author's suggestion on dealing with conflicting forces?
A. Leaving things as they are.
B. Making a choice between them.
C. Separating them from each other.
D. Engaging them in a conversation.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. How COVID-19 changes art
B. Essentials of Symphony No. 9
C. Moving artfully through crises
D. Joy in the eyes of Beethoven
D
Identifying the chemical makeup of pigment (色素) used in ancient documents, paintings, and watercolor1 s is criticalto restoring and conserving the precious artworks. However, despite numerous efforts, scientists had been unable to determine the source of folium, a popular blue dye used to color1 manuscripts (手稿) in Europe during the middle ages — from the 5th to the 15th century. Now, a team of researchers fromPortugalhas finally uncovered the mysterious ingredient responsible for the gorgeous blueish-purple color1 that helped bring ancient illustrations and texts to life.
The research team began byporing overinstructions penned by European dye makers from the 12th, 14th, and 15th centuries. They found what they were seeking in a 15th-century text entitledThe Book on How to Make All the Color Paints for Illuminating Books. However, translating the instructions was no easy task. It was written in the now extinct Judaeo-Portuguese language, and though the source of the dye was traced back to a plant, no name was mentioned.
However, by piecing together suggestions from the text, the scientists were able to determine that the dye was made from the bluish-green berries of the chrozophora tinctoria plant. After an extensive search, the team found a few varieties of the plant growing along the roadside near the town ofMonsarazin southPortugal.
The detailed instructions gave the researchers critical clues — including the best time to pick the berries.
“You need to squeeze the fruits, being careful not to break the seeds, and then to put them on linen (亚麻).” The scientist says the detail was important since broken seeds polluted the pigment, producing an inferior quality ink. The dyed linen, which was left to dry, was an efficient way to store and transport the pigment during ancient times. When needed, the artist would simply cut off a piece of the cloth and dip it with water to squeeze out the blue color1 .
Once the key ingredient had been identified, the researchers began to determine the dye’s molecular structure. To their surprise, they found that folium was not like any other known permanent blue dyes — it was an entirely new class of color1 , one they named chrozophoridin. “Chrozophoridin was used in ancient times to make a beautiful blue dye for painting.” the team wrote in the study. “Thus, we believe that this will not be our final word on this amazing plant and its story and that further discoveries will follow soon.”
12. The primary purpose of the study is to ________.
A. restore and conserve ancient precious artworks
B. determine the substance making up the folium
C. prove the ancient dye-making technique was organic
D. identify which class of color1 folium belongs to
13. The underlined phrase “poring over”in the second paragraph means ________.
A. discussing publicly
B. testing repeatedly
C. passing directly
D. reading carefully
14. What can be learned about the blue dye folium?
A. It was essentially an inferior type of ink.
B. It was the only kind made from wild berries.
C. It could be carried and used easily.
D. It was carefully squeezed from broken seeds.
15. The article is mainly about _________.
A. how the mystery ofa thousand-year-old blue dye was solved
B. why the researchers took the trouble to recreate the dye
C. what needs to be done to make an organic dye from a plant
D. when and where the discovery of the dye was made
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
Do you love food? Whether you’re a foodie or someone who just likes eating, there is so much to choose from. We know that too much of the wrong kind of foodcan be bad for our health, but for some people having a food allergy means that eating certain things can actually be harmful. Such cases may seem uncommon.___16___ An allergy is caused by the immune (免疫的) system fighting substances in theenvironment.___17___It means that people have to follow strict dietary restrictions, otherwise their lives may be put at risk. Allergy specialist Dr. Adam Fox says “if you look back over, say, 30 or 40 years… there are much more serious allergic problems around now than there were.”___18___Last year a teenager died after suffering an allergic reaction from eating a piece of bread containing peanuts. This led to a call for better food-labeling laws.
Research has found that this problem is particularly affecting children.___19___Dr. Alexandra Santos from King’s College London says “food allergy now affects about 7% of children in theUKand 9% of those inAustralia, for example. AcrossEurope, 2% of adults have food allergies.”
So what might be the cause? Dr. Santos says, the increase in allergies is not simply the effect of society becoming more aware of them and better at diagnosing them.___20___She adds that possible factors are pollution, dietary changes and less exposure to bacteria, which change how our immune systems respond. She points out that it’s very common for migrants who move to another country to develop food allergies in their new location.
A. It seems to be more environmental.
B. A food allergy can affect you at any age.
C. Food allergies can cause life-threatening reactions.
D. Yet in fact, food allergies are affecting more and more of us.
E. More and more of them are having allergic reactions to certain food.
F. A lot of work is being done to try and find a cure, but that’s not easy.
G. We often hearabout people having allergies to dairy products or to nuts.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
I still remember the elderly lady my friend and I went out to help one evening many years ago.
One day, after we____21____our work and left the office, we felt a little bit____22____. So we stopped at a hamburger shop and____23____some hamburgers and drinks for supper. It was Sunday and there were only a few people. We watched around and found an empty table____24____. Shortly after we sat down and enjoyed our food, we noticed a(n)____25____woman came in and bought some food too.
She was dressed in what was probably her best clothes that were____26____and neat(整齐). The woman____27____the plates and cups very carefully on the table, as if she was serving the most important dinner in the world. We could tell that this ordinary meal was a real____28____for her.
My friend often had dinner in the shop and he was____29____the people who worked there. He was curious about the______30______and went to the people working there. He______31______them. He was told that she came in every______32______, bought the same cheap meal and always ate alone.
We______33______that she lived alone and that this meal was the best food she could afford to buy for herself once a week.
We felt very______34______. Even though we never______35______to her, we decided to do something for her. When we paid our______36______, we also paid hersand then______37______enough money to pay her meals at the shop for a month. The workers were really______38______. After all, she was just a______39______to us.
We didn't want the elderly lady to know what we did,______40______we just left.
21. A. started B. finished C. changed D. lost
22. A. angry B. sick C. hungry D. tired
23. A. added B. sold C. ordered D. made
24. A. finally B. gradually C. easily D. carefully
25. A. old B. young C. rich D. kind
26. A. ugly B. dirty C. expensive D. clean
27. A. held B. washed C. broke D. set
28. A. treat B. preparation C. story D. turn
29. A. satisfied with B. familiar with C. concerned about D. worried about
30. A. woman B. news C. food D. party
31. A. thanked B. ignored C. paid D. asked
32. A. day B. week C. month D. year
33. A. realized B. answered C. dreamed D. meant
34. A. weak B. lucky C. happy D. sad
35. A. ran B. spoke C. wrote D. sent
36. A. hamburger B. work C. bill D. drink
37. A. left B. earned C. saved D. found
38. A. surprised B. grateful C. upset D. excited
39. A. friend B. stranger C. colleague D. cook
40. A. before B. until C. but D. so
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
I was nine years old when I leant to ride a bike. The bike was a birthday present from my uncle. You can imagine how excited I was when I saw the bike, and I___41.___(beg) my uncle to teach me how to ride it right away. However, before I got on the bike, I felt___42.___(extreme) nervous and I was afraid that I would fall off and hurt myself. My uncle held onto the seat and helped me to get on the bike. While I was riding, he was running along beside me, holding the seat___43.___I would not fall over. I was so grateful to him for his help.
As I was practicing, I became more and more confident. Then, I heard my uncle___44.___(shout), “You are riding it by___45.___(you) now!” I was both excited and scared. I was really riding by myself, but what if I fell off? Could I use the brakes___46.___(stop)? As I was wondering about this, my uncle ran after me and got hold of the bike. I slowed down and came to___47.___stop. My heart was still beating fast when I got off the bike.___48.___(late) that day, having learnt how to get on the bike and get off it, I felt like I was walking on air! I am still___49.___(thank) to my uncle for teaching me to ride a bike___50.___my ninth birthday.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加,删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下.划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1 .每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

We are in the last year of high school. It's time for us to have clear future career plan. Since my childhood, I had been dreaming of becoming a doctor. When known Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, I was great inspired by her to learn medicine. Especially this year, the spirit of doctors has hardened our determination to study medicine to save people's lives. It is their wisdom and efforts which have saved tens of thousand of people. Difficult though it is to make my dream to come true, something will stop me achieving it. I will concentrate on my
study to get ready to my future major in college.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你的家乡今年新建了一个中国民俗文化主题公园，请给你的留学生好友Mike写封邮件，邀请他一同来公园参观，内容包括：
1.时间、地点；
2.参观内容：了解中国民俗文化，体验民间艺术等；
3.注意事项：禁止吸烟，大声喧哗和随地扔垃圾。

参考词汇：中国民俗文化主题公园Chinese folk culture theme park
注意：1.词数100左右（开头和结尾已为你写好）；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Mike,
I can't wait to share a piece of good news with you.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your early reply.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1. D
2. C
3. B
4. B
5. B
6. C
7. C
8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C
12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
16. D 17. C 18. G 19. E 20. A
21. B 22. C 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. D 32.
B 33. A 34. D 35. B 36.
C 37. A 38. A 39. B 40. D
41. begged
42. extremely
43. so 44. shouting
45. yourself
46. to stop
47. a 48. Later
49. thankful
50. on
51.(1).clear前加a
(2).hadg have
(3). knowng knowing
(4). greatg greatly
(5). ourg my
(6). whichg that
(7). thousandg thousands
(8). 去掉come前的to
(9). somethingg nothing
(10). tog for
52.略。