2019-2020学年甘肃省张掖中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案

2019-2020学年甘肃省张掖中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Lost cities that have been found
The White City
In 2015, a team of explorers to Honduras in search of"the Lost City of the Monke God"led to the discovery of the White City. They found the ruins in the Mosquitia region of the Central American country which is known for poisonous snakes, vicious jaguars and deadly insects. It is believed that local people hid here when the Spanish conquerors(征服者) occupied their homeland in the16th century.
Canopus and Heracleion
Modern researchers were teased by the ancient writings about the Egyptian cities Canopus and Heracleion-where Queen Cleopatra often visited. But the cities weren’t found until 1992, when a search in Alexandria waters found that the two cities had been flooded for centuries. Artifacts(史前器物) showedthat the cities once highly developed as a trade network, which helped researchers piece together more about the last queen of Egypt. Machu Picchu
A Yale professor discovered "the Lost City in the Clouds"in 1911. A combination of palaces, plazas, temples and homes, Machu Picchu displays the Inca Empire at the height of its rule. The city, which was abandoned in the 16th century for unknown reasons,was hidden by the local people from the Spanish conquerors for centuries keeping it so well preserved.
Troy
The ancient city of Troy in homer's The Iliad was considered a fictional setting for his characters to run wild. But in 1871, explorations in northwestern Turkey exposed nine ancient cities layered (层叠) on top of each other, the earliest dating back to about5,000 years before. It was later determined that the sixth or seventh layer contained the lost city of Troy and that it was actually destroyed by an earthquake, not a wooden horse.
1.Why did people hide in the White City in the 16th century?
A.To survive the war
B.To search for a lost city.
C.To protect their country.
D.To avoid dangerous animals
2.Which of the following was related to a royal family member?
A.The White City
B.Canopus and Heracleion
C.Machu Picchu
D.Troy
3.What can we learn about Troy?
A.It was built by Homer.
B.It consisted of nine cities
C.It had a history of 5,000 years
D.It was ruined by a natural disaster.
B
What will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question，you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-­technology（生物技术）. With the help of new medicine，the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents，murder and war. Today’s leading killers，such as heart disease，cancer，and aging itself，will become distant memories.
In discussion of technological changes，the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells（细胞）are the basic units of all living things，and until recently，scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells，such as those of brain cells，would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100，medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so，people will beable to take medicine to repair their organs（器官）. The medicine，made up of the basic building materials of life，will build new brain cells，heart cells，and so on－in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.
It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence，but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.
4. According to the passage，human death is now mainly caused by ________.
A. diseases and aging
B. accidents and war
C. accidents and aging
D. heart disease and war
5. In the author’s opinion，today’s most important advance in technology lies in（在于）________.
A. the Internet
B. medicine
C. brain cells
D. human organs
6. Humans may live longer in the future because ________.
A. heart disease will be far away from us
B. human brains can decide the final death
C. the basic materials of cells will last forever
D. human organs can be repaired by new medicine
7. How long can humans live in the future according to the passage?
A. Over 100 years.
B. More than 120 years.
C. About 150 years.
D. The passage doesn’t tell us.
C
On March 18, 34-year-old Lance Karlson was walking on the beach and looking for somewhere toswim in Geographe Bay when he saw what he thought was a stingray (黄貂鱼) leap from the water.
Realizing the creature was, in fact, an octopus (章鱼), he started filming it — just in time for the angry octopus to launch itself at him. He immediately felt a sharp pain across his left arm, followed by a second strike across his neck and upper back. His goggles (护目镜) fogged and the water around him turned dark with what he thought might have been octopus ink as he struggled back toward the shore.
"I was confused — it was more of a shock than a fright," said Karlson, "I might have hit on its home." Within a minute, a perfect imprint of an octopus tentacle (触手) appeared on Karlson's neck and back.
A former volunteer lifeguard, Karlson rushed back to his hotelroom to find something acidic to put on the wound. All his family could grab was Coca-Cola, which his wife poured over his back and the pain disappeared.
"The pain went away and more than anything since then, it's been more the physical hit that was painful.... The imprint on my neck is more from the physical hit, and I guess it makes complete sense when you look at the video I took," he said.
Karlson said he'd never seen an octopus that close before and watched Netflix documentary "My Octopus Teacher" after the incident to learn more about the species.
"They are beautiful creatures and I really hope this promotes more interest in octopuses as opposed to fear
of them. I think this is a fascinating creature with clearly some very strong emotions just like we do as humans," he added.
8. When did the octopus attack Karlson?
A. When he was swimming in the bay.
B. When he was shooting the octopus.
C. When he was looking for some fish.
D. When he was fighting against the octopus.
9. What plays an essential role in reducing Karlson's pain?
A. The lifeguard's timely help.
B. Karson's wife's quick action.
C. The family members' efforts.
D. Karlson’s knowledge of first aid.
10. What does Karlson learn from his experience?
A. The octopus is dangerous.
B. People should get away from the octopus.
C. People need know more about the octopus.
D. The physical hit from the octopus is painful.
11. Which of the following might be the best title?
A. Pain from Strong Attack
B. First Aid for Octopus' Strike
C. Face to Face with Angry Octopus
D. Under Sea with Dangerous Creature
D
In recent years,people have been focusing on the quality of food that children are fed in schools. Former First Lady Michelle Obama worked hard to make school lunches healthier, resulting in new menus that featured less fat and salt, more fruits and vegetables.
But high-quality nutrients count for little when there is no time to eat them. Amy Ettinger reports, "There is no national standard on how much time kids get to eat that meal. " And with schools being occupied with test scores, teachers are using every available minute for lesson time, which often leaves kids without enough eating time.
This is a problem because the length of the school lunch period is a key factor (因素) in how much nutrition children actually gel. Research has found that having less than 20 minutes for lunch results in children consuming much less of their lunch than those with more than 20 minutes.
This is really terrible. For many low-income kids, that cafeteria lunch can represent half their daily energy intake. There's also another terrible message that it's acceptable to wolf down food as fast as possible before rushing off to your next class. Cafeteria time should be a chance to interact with friends, to learn important social skills, to observe and share varieties of food. It should be a break in day, a chance to relax before heading into the afternoon.
As Ettinger explains,some parents are hoping the National Parent Teacher Association will address this issue. This, in turn, would help parents push their kids' schools for better lunch time standards. Meanwhile, if you have a kid in this situation, you can help by packing a healthy lunch to spare them the cafeteria lineup. Make the foods easy to eat, provide non-messy snacks that can be eaten in class, put great effort into serving a hearty breakfast, and sit down as a family for dinner whenever possible.
12. What did Michelle Obama make efforts to improve?
A. The quality of school lunches.
B. The performance of school kids.
C. The school lunch time kids have.
D. The eating habits of school kids.
13. What happens to children in American schools?
A. They are occupied with many tests.
B. They fail to get along with each other.
C. They consume more meat than before.
D. They have less lunch time than before.
14. How are low-income kids influenced by the problem at school?
A. They can't go to classes on time.
B. They can't have enough energy.
C. They can't share different kinds of food.
D. They can't hold a positive attitude toward life.
15.What can parents do to solve the problem?
A. Prepare a better lunch for their kids.
B. Stop their kids going to the cafeteria.
C. Force schools to make adjustments to lunch.
D. Guide their kids on how to pack their own lunch.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项
A dog snoring away the afternoon on the living room floor. Walruses napping belly-up on a beach. Lions stretching out on the grassland. These sleepy scenes may make people wonder why these other mammals（哺乳动物）seem to be getting somuch more sleep than humans. Do they actually need more sleep? Are they just sleeping because they can?___16___Be prepared for a surprising and fascinating answer to these questions: ___17___
Though constantly studied, sleep is one of the great mysteries modern science hasn’t completely cracked. “We really don’t know what sleep is for,” said Dr. David Raizen.
___18___Across many studies of mammalian sleep, scientists have observed that less sleep is connected with larger body sizes. A reason for this may be that the larger an animal is, the more calories it needs, and the more time it needs to spend eating.
However, the matter is far from settled.___19___Some differences in observed sleep might not be what they seem. Just because a house cat sleeps for 18 hours a day doesn’t mean it needs all that sleep to function, Raizen said. Some sleep is probably a matter of convenience — done when it’s not safe for an animal to be out, when food availability is low or simply because there’s nothing else to do.
As for human sleep? Raizen said the most important thing is for people to listen to their bodies and get as much sleep as they feel they need.___20___
A. Nobody knows.
B. Should humans be sleeping more, too?
C. More efforts are being put in interpreting sleep better.
D. Scientists are doing research trying to find the answer.
E. Sleep is complex, hard to measure in wild animals and even harder to interpret.
F. One idea is that sleep in mammals has something to do with body size and diet.
G. It is about eight hours for most folks but might be as few as five and as many as eleven.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
Taking back my life
I received a private message on Facebook. It began harmlessly enough："Hey, girl. Wanted to invite you to____21____my next challenge group--- we'll be focusing on fitting in 30 minutes.”
It was all becoming too much. Facebook was____22____my life? not me. But what killed Facebook for me
was when I____23____a photo and five minutes later my four—year—old son asked me how many “likes“ it had got. His question was a____24____call.
“Likes“ are signs of____25____. I had forgotten that it need to come from within and I had____26____set my son a bad example.
At that moment, I set up my mind to____27____my Facebook account.
I'd been in the____28____of checking Facebook many times a day, so I had to____29____some new habits. I carried a novel, rediscovered knitting（针织）and took yoga classes.
I started to remember a few things. I have friends who will help me out when I'm in____30____. Our son is happy and____31____. And we are very lucky to be able to____32____two vacations a year.
I stopped looking at the world through my cellphone. I felt completely____33____in the moment. The break____34____me feeling better about my life.
After a few weeks, I____35____Facebook. Now I keep my____36____on the photos of my friends' kids growing up and____37____how social media allows me to keep in touch with family____38____and wide. I am____39____with the desire to post updates. It is not an____40____anymore.
21. A. celebrate B. join C. check D. hold
22. A. developing B. running C. ruining D. improving
23. A. described B. took C. posted D. saw
24. A. wake-up B. warm-up C. mind-up D. hold-up
25. A. reality B. power C. identity D. acceptance
26. A. unlikely B. impossibly C. unknowingly D. unusually
27. A. close B. fix C. lose D. load
28. A. form B. shape C. habit D. way
29. A. run out B. result from C. make use of D. come up with
30. A. class B. trouble C. silence D. advance
31. A. ordinary B. healthy C. weak D. famous
32. A. imagine B. waste C. afford D. miss
33. A. present B. lost C. absent D. blank
34. A. blocked B. encouraged C. forced D. left
35. A. broke through B. returned to C. ended up D. dated from
36. A. impression B. opinion C. balance D. eyes
37. A. value B. predict C. examine D. search
38. A. heavy B. high C. long D. far
39. A. more often B. no longer C. right now D. once in a while
40. A. dream B. doubt C. addiction D. inspiration
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
When Zhang Lingshan was a child, she would watch the Chinese perioddramaPalaceon television, attracted by the characters' ancient clothing. She didn't know what these beautiful clothes ___41.___ (call)-only that they were from some ___42.___ (distance) past. "They looked fairy-like, dreamy," she said. "I was completely drawn by the beauty of these clothes, and then ___43.___ (eventual) came to understand the culture of Hanfu, and I liked it more and more."
Now aged nineteen ___44.___ living in Beijing, Zhang is a member of China's growing "hanfu movement"-a renaissance(复兴)of the ancient clothing traditionally worn by ethnic-majority Han Chinese before ___45.___ Qing dynasty. Tight-knit Hanfu communities and university clubs often meet up for themed ___46.___ (activity). Zhang and her friends sometimes visit places with ancient architecture, likeBeijing'sForbidden City, ___47.___ emperors once lived, to take photos in costume and post them on social media.
Nowadays, Hanfu is seen as a way ___48.___ (celebrate) Chinese culture and improve national self-esteem. In the past few years, Hanfu clubs and social media platforms ___49.___ (help) bring the Han clothing hack under the spotlight. "It's the confidence of the younger people, the confidence of the country," said Christine Tsui, a fashion columnist and researcher ___50.___ (base) inShanghai.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

Every time when I see the photos, it will remind me of my childhood.
Jane mustn’t have stolen your money. She is an honest girl.
I took an airplane the first time when I was only 4 years old.
Although they aren’t studying in the same school now, they still keep in a contact with each other.
If the interviewer gives me the second chance, I will definitely do a better job.
He used to doing exercise every day, but now he doesn’t, so that he puts on weight.
This matter is so important that you should take it serious.
The scientist whom gave us a lecture is a professor in Peking university.
It has been ten years since I graduate from university.
The millionaire has spent a large amount of money in charity since he was young.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Michael goes to his grandparents once or twice every month, and he decided to go round to see them when he had a free evening the week before they went for a holiday.
“Come in, Michael,” his grandfather said. “I’m glad you’ve come round. Take your coat off and sit down for a minute. Let’s see the end of this programme on TV. Your grandmother and I watch it every week at this time of night.” So Michael sat in a comfortable chair, quietly waiting for the TV detective（侦探）to find out who the thief was.
Finally, his grandmother got up and turned the TV off. Then, she said, “I’m sorry, Michael, but I must go and see a friend for a few minutes. I’ll come back soon. But while I’m out, perhaps you can help your grandfather to bring down the big blue case from the attic（阁楼）.We want it for the holiday.”
They watched her going by. “Let’s go round to the pub（小店）for a drink, ” grandfather said. “That’s a good idea,” Michael answered, “but let me give you a hand with the case. Tell me where it is and I’ll get it out for you. It’s in the attic, isn’t it?”
Grandfather pulled down the corners of his mouth. “That’s the trouble. It’s not there. You can go up and look, but you won’t find it. Perhaps, I lend it to somebody, but I can’t remember. Your grandmother doesn’t know, but she’ll find out this week that we’ve lost our best case.” Michael laughed, “Don’t worry. You can use mine. If I go home now I can bring it back in half an hour.” And he went home quickly before the old man could say no.
When he got home, his father called, “What are you looking for, Michael? You’re throwing your things about, aren’t you?”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

But when Michael explained why he would lend his case to grandfather, his father suddenly felt ashamed.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________
Michael’s grandmother came back from her friend’s at that moment.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
参考答案
1. A
2. B
3. D
4. A
5. B
6. D
7. D
8. B 9. D 10. C 11. C
12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B
16. B 17. D 18. F 19. E 20. G
21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. B 32.
C 33. A 34.
D 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C
41.were called 42.distant 43.eventually 44.and 45.the
46.activities 47.where 48.to celebrate 49.have helped 50.based
51.(1). 去掉when
(2). mustn’t→can’t/couldn’t
(3). 在the前加for
(4). 去掉a (5). the→a
(6). doing→do
(7). serious→seriously
(8). whom→who
(9). graduate→graduated
(10). in→on
【121题详解】
考查从属连词。

句意：每一次我看到这些照片，就会想起我的童年。

every time可以用于引导时间状语从句，表示“每一次”，when引导时间状语从句表示“当......的时候”，在句中重复，根据句意可知应使用every time 引导从句，故将when去掉。

【122题详解】
考查情态动词。

句意：Jane 不可能偷了你的钱。

她是一个诚实的女孩。

根据句意可知此处表示非常肯定的否定猜测，应使用情态动词can't/couldn't表示肯定的否定猜测，意为“不可能”。

mustn't表示“禁止”，不符合句意。

故将mustn’t改为can’t/couldn’t。

【123题详解】
考查固定短语。

句意：我第一次坐飞机是在我4岁的时候。

固定短语for the first time表示“第一次”符合句意，故在the前加for。

【124题详解】
考查冠词。

句意：虽然他们现在不在同一所学校学习，但他们仍然保持联系。

固定短语keep in contact表示“保持联系”，故去掉a。

【125题详解】
考查冠词。

句意：如果面试官再给我一次机会，我一定会做得更好。

句中“the second”表示“第二次”，而句意表达的是“再一次”，短语a second表示“再一次、有一次”符合句意，故将the改为a。

【126题详解】
考查固定搭配。

句意：他过去每天锻炼，但现在不锻炼了，结果他胖了。

句中短语“used to doing”表示“习惯于......”，而句意需要“过去常常”，短语used to do表示“过去常常”符合句意，故将doing改为do。

【127题详解】
考查副词。

句意：这件事这么重要，你应该认真对待。

分析句子可知此处需要使用副词修饰动作take，作方式状语，所以应将形容词改为副词，故将serious改为seriously。

【128题详解】
考查定语从句。

句意：给我们作报告的那位科学家是北京大学的一位教授。

分析句子可知这是一个定语从句，先行词为“the scientist(科学家）”，指人，从句缺少主语，所以应使用关系代词who引导从句，代替先行词作从句的主语，whom作宾语，故将whom改为who。

【129题详解】
考查时态。

句意：我大学毕业已经十年了。

since引导时间状语从句，从句时态使用一般过去时，根据主句句意“It has been ten years (It has been ten years )”也可知“毕业”为过去时间发生的动作，应使用一般过去时，故将graduate改为graduated。

【130题详解】
考查介词。

句意：这位百万富翁从年轻时就在慈善事业上花了一大笔钱。

根据句子的谓语动词spent结合句意可知应使用固定搭配spend...on sth(在某方面花费......)，故将in改为on
52.略。