江苏省南京师范大学附属中学(江宁分校)初中英语《阅读理解分析》市级公开课课件 牛津

16
短文填空）
第五部分 阅读 任务型阅读 10 10
12
短文 首字母填空 10
10
12
第六部分
书面表达
1 15
25
得阅读者得天下 82+20 96+24 120+20
中考英语阅读试题特点
1.体裁丰富：记叙文、说明文、应用文、议 论文，以及新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说 明、表格等。 2. 题材广泛：科普、社会、政治、经济等多 方面内容。 3. 题型多样：信息匹配、阅读回答问题、阅 读选择、阅读填表、阅读填词、阅读完成句 子、段落排序、阅读判断正误等。 4. 能力突出：4大类能力考点题型、6种能力 要求，以及快速阅读能力等。
3-3）推断作者意图和态度的能力
【说明】 此类题目的常见提问方式有：
1) How did the writer feel at Vienna station? 2) The writer writes this text to______. 3) The writer believes that________. 4) The writer suggests that_______.
“hectic”means “b_u_s_y___”
通过上下文语境猜词
词义猜测题例6
Hot sun will dry out a snail’s body. So at the least sign of hot sun, a snail draws its body into its shell. A snail will die in a heavy rain. So when it rains, a snail does the same thing, too. (2008 南京）
通过同义词猜词
词义猜测题例5
5. Today was a very hectic day for me．I woke up late， hurried to the office，worked until four，went to the store，cooked dinner and washed clothes．I did so many things that I was certainly very tired．
的意思
词义猜测并不难 把握语境是关键 文中信息细分析 反复斟酌定答案
•11、凡为教者必期于达到不须教。对人以诚信，人不欺我;对事以诚信，事无不成。 •12、首先是教师品格的陶冶，行为的教育，然后才是专门知识和技能的训练。 •13、在教师手里操着幼年人的命运，便操着民族和人类的命运。2022/1/182022/1/18January 18, 2022 •14、孩子在快乐的时候，他学习任何东西都比较容易。 •15、纪律是集体的面貌，集体的声音，集体的动作，集体的表情，集体的信念。 •16、一个人所受的教育超过了自己的智力，这样的人才有学问。 •17、好奇是儿童的原始本性，感知会使儿童心灵升华，为其为了探究事物藏下本源。2022年1月2022/1/182022/1/182022/1/181/18/2022 •18、人自身有一种力量，用许多方式按照本人意愿控制和影响这种力量，一旦他这样做，就会影响到对他的教育和对他发生作用的环境。 2022/1/182022/1/18
6. In the sentence “a snail draws itsdraw” means_____.
A. to make with a pencil B. to push
C. to pull
D. to move away
熟词生义:关键词对猜测词义的辅助作用
A. Her father told her about it.
B. She read it in the newspaper.
C. She learned it from a sign.
D. She was told by other volunteers.
细节理解题例2 Extreme ironing is a special kind of outdoor sport. It combines danger and excitement with practical ironing. There are, of course, some rules in extreme ironing. The ironingcmoumstbbineeo…utwdoitohrs. (2010南京)
解题技巧
词义猜测题
1. 利用主旨要义。
2. 利用上下文语境。 * 同义解释、举例说明、语境暗示、指代、
因果推断、前后对比等。
3. 利用构词法。 * 派生、合成、转化
4. 利用经验常识。
3-1）对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解，对文章各段、各句之间的逻辑 关系的理解能力
【说明】
考查句与句之间，短语与短语之间的逻辑关系，常 见提问方式有： 1) Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because_______. 2) Why did the writer get off the train two stops before Vienna station?
能力考点题型分类
4
1）把握文章的事实和细节的能力
【说明】 针对文章的事实和细节，常见的提问方式有：
◆ Which of the following is right/true/wrong/ isn’t mentioned?
◆ The following are all right EXCEPT _____. ◆ Which of the following is the right order? ◆ 用What/Which/When/Where/Why/How等提问.
慧眼识别同义句，句式转换藏于心。
细节理解题例3
◆ The world’s first robot teacher is Saya. With her
human-like face, she can show expressions like happiness, surprise, sadness, dislike, fear and anger, which look much like a real teacher’s.
通过反义词猜词
词义猜测题例3、4
3.Our government has taken action to better the life of the villagers． “better” means “_im__p_r_o_v_e__”.
通过构词法猜词
4. Their friends laughed at them，and my sisters felt wretched，very unhappy． “wretched”means “u_n_h_a_p_p_y___”.
对比题目和原文，句子结构巧分析
解题技巧
细节理解题
• 带题查阅速定位 • 紧扣主题排干扰 • 题文对照细辨伪
2）根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力
【说明】 要求根据上下文确定某一特定的词或 短语的准确含义，常见提问方式有：
◆The word “_____” in the passage probably means________.
(2011连云港） ③ What makes Saya look real? A. Her face and rich expressions. B. Her clothes and shoes. C. Her walking and running speed D. Her rich knowledge
•
词义猜测题例1、2 v. 责备
1. You shouldn’t blame him for that, for it wasn’t his fault.
通过因果关系猜词
2. He is so homely, not at all as handsome as
his brother.
adj.长相一般的，不漂亮的
2012年南京中考卷结构、题型、分值、时间分布
题类
项目
题量 计分 答题时间
选 择 题
非选 择题
总计
第一部分
人机会话
（听力、口语）
20 24
20
（提前考试）
第二部分 语言 单项填空 15 15
8
知识 完形填空 10 10
12
运用
第三部分
阅读理解
20 20
35
第四部分 填空（单词、词形变化、 16
16
1. Who does the story tell us really believe in life after death?
A. Jack
B. Jack’s boss
C. Jack’s grandfather
D. No one
推理判断题例2
He normally goes home between two and three o’clock in the morning. There are times he has to stay longer and try to make more runs. He said, “That’s the worst thing about working for yourself. If you don’t make money, no one is going to give it to you.”（2011 无锡）
推理判断题例1
“Do you believe in life after death?” Jack’s boss asked Jack. “Yes, sir.”
“Well, then, that makes everything just fine,”
the boss went on. “About an hour after you left yesterday to go to your grandfather’s funeral(葬 礼）, he dropped in to see you.”
②How do extreme ironers feel when they do the sport? A. They feel bored with extreme ironing. B. They feel excited although it is dangerous. C. They feel very frightened neat the top of Everest. D. They feel lonely in the places far away from their homes.
◆ The underlined word “it” in the passage refers to_______.
◆ What’s the meaning of the underlined word “______” in the passage?
【说明】 词义猜测题考查
超纲词含 义的推断
熟词生义或 在特定场合
3-2）依据短文内容和考生应有的常识
进
行推理和判断的能力
【说明】
文中没有直接答案，需要在理解上下文甚至全文
的基础上，结合常识进行合理的推断。常见提问 方式有：
1) We can guess the writer of the letter man be a ______.
2) We can infer from the text that______. 3) What would be happy if…?
……
细节理解题例1
带题查阅速定位，提高答题针对性
Elena jogged with her dad in some empty lots. But the lots were full of rocks and rubbish.
One day , Elena saw a sign on the lots. It said, “ New City Park.” Elena was excited. Elena told her parents about the sign. “I read about the park in the newspaper,” said Elena’s father. “The city wants volunteers to help clean the area. Then the city will build a soccer and a playground. (2011南京) ① How did Elena know the city needed volunteers to help clean the lots?