高中英语 外研版必修1 Module 3 重点单词用法及同步习题检测(一)

Module 3 My First Ride on a Train
Section I Introduction, Reading and Vocabulary
重点词汇用法
1.distance n. 距离，间距。

常见搭配：
in the distance在远处
at a distance离一段距离；从远处（= from a distance )
at/ from a distance of...从......远的地方（of后跟具体的距离）
keep sb. at a distance同某人疏远，与某人保持一定距离，对某人冷淡
keep one’s distance ( from... ) (与......) 保持距离；疏远......
辨析比较：at/ from a distance/ in the distance
at / from a distance 以一定距离（在稍远处）
in the distance 在远方（远距离）
We slept in a tent , cooked over an open fire , and walked a long distance to
take the shower and use the bathroom.
我们睡在帐蓬里，在野外烧火做饭，走很长一段路去洗澡和上厕所。

I can see lights in the distance. 我能看到远处的点点灯光。

The tower can be seen from a distance of 30 miles.
从30英里远的地方就可以看到这座塔。

归纳拓展：
distance n. 距离；远方；遥远；疏远
distant adj. 遥远的；远亲的；冷淡的
distantly adv. 远地；冷淡地；远亲关系地
be distant from... 离......远
2.means
means （单复数同形）意为“手段，工具，方式”。

常见搭配：
by this means 通过这种方式
by means of 借助……手段；依靠……方法
by no means 决不；一点也不
by all means 想尽一切办法；务必，一定：当然可以，没问题
A car is a means of transport. 小汽车是一种交通工具。

特别提醒：
means表示“方式，方法”时，单复数同形。

当means做主语且由every, each等修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式；由all, some, several, many等修饰时，谓语动词用复数形式。

All possible means have been tried , but not every means works .
所有可能的方法都尝试过了，但并不是每一种方法都奏效。

3. refer to
( 1 ) 描述，涉及，与……相关
This paragraph refers to the events of last year.
这一段说的是去年发生的事。

The new law doesn’t refer to land used for farming.
那项新法律不涉及农业用地。

( 2 ) 提到，谈及，说起
In his speech , he didn’t refer to the problem at all .
在他的演讲中，他根本没提及那个问题。

( 3 ) 查阅，参考。

常见搭配：
refer to a dictionary 查词典
Please refer to the last page of the book. 请查阅书的最后一页。

特别提醒：
① refer to和look up都可以表示“查阅，参考”，但二者是有区别的：refer to后接所查的工具书或资料，如词典、笔记、参考书等；look up 后接需要查找的对象，如单词、短语等，常用于look up sth. in...结构。

If you don’t know what it means , refer to the dictionary . = If yo don’t know what it means, look it up in the dictionary. 如果你不知道它的意思，去查字典。

② refer to 中to 为介词，后跟名词、代词或v.-ing 形式。

③ refer的过去式和过去分词均为referred，现在分词为referring。

4. get on
( 1 ) 上（车、船等）。

不可用于被动语态。

The bus came and we got on. 公共汽车来了，我们就上了车。

( 2 ) 进展，进步（=get along )
How are you getting on at school? 你在学校的情况如何？
( 3 ) ( with sb. ) (与某人）和睦相处（=get along with sb.)
We find it easy to get on with our new teacher .
我们发现与新老师和睦相处很容易。

归纳拓展：
与get相关的其他短语：
get rid of 除去，摆脱
get off （车、船等）; 动身，出发
get across ( to sb. ) 被理解；把......将清楚
get together 聚会，聚集
get down to ( doing ) sth. 开始（做）某事
get through 顺利通过；接通
5. more than
more than 的用法主要有：
( 1 ) “more than+数字”意为““超过，多于”，相当于over。

more than的反义短语为less than ( 少于，不超过)
I have known David for more than 20 years.
我认识戴维已经有二十多年了。

More than ten students have made this suggestion .
超过十个学生提出过这个建议。

特别提醒：
“more than one + 可数名词单数”意为“不止一个……”，在语义上虽表示复数概念，但做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

有相同用法的还有many a ( 许多）
More than one girl holds such a view in the school. 在这所学校里，不止一个女孩持有这样的点。

( 2 ) “more than + n.”意为“不只是，不仅是”。

Both of us are more than workmates. We are close friends too.
我们俩不只是同事，还是密友。

( 3 ) “more than + 形容词/ 副词/ 分词/ 动词”意为“非常，很”，相当于very ( much )。

I am more than happy to help you. 能帮助你我很高兴。

She was dressed more than simply. 她穿着太朴素了。

I was more than a little shaken by his deeds. 他的事迹极大地震撼了我
I am sure conditions over there will more than satisfy your requirements.
我相信，那边的条件会大大满足你的要求。

( 4 ) “more than + 句子（句中常含有can或could)”意为“非…所能……，是……难以……的”。

The beauty of the West Lake is more than I could imagine.
西湖的美是我难以想象的。

归纳拓展：与than相关的其他短语：
no more than 仅仅
not more than 不超过，至多
no less than 多达
rather than 而不是
other than 除……以外
less than 少于，不超过
more...than... 与其说......倒不如说......(一般情况下，more后接的成分和than后接的成分相同其后可跟形容词、副词、名词等，但偶尔也有例外）
There are no more than fifteen eggs in the basket.
篮子里只有15个鸡蛋。

（暗指15个鸡蛋太少）
There are not more than fifteen eggs in the basket.
篮子里至多有15个鸡蛋。

（暗指鸡蛋的个数可能少于15个）
6.journey
journey n. & v. 旅行；行程：(尤指长途）旅行
I don’t envy your journey in this bad weather.
我并不羡慕你在这样恶劣的天气里旅行。

We journeyed to Paris last year. 我们去年去了巴黎旅行。

归纳拓展：
go on a journey 去旅行be on a journey 在旅行中take / make a journey 旅行
7. scenery
scenery n. 景色；风景
The scenery of the Alps is beautiful. 阿尔卑斯山的风景很美。

I like mountain scenery very much. 我非常喜欢山景。

辨析比较：scenery/ scene/ view/ sight
语境串记：
The view of the village from the mountain is splendid. As we approached the village , we were all attracted by its scenery . It is quite different from the sights in big cities . Seeing the scenes of my friends taking photos and admiring the beautiful scenery happily , I was sure that this trip would be a good memory forever. 从这座山上看，这个村庄的景色美不胜收。

当靠近这个村庄时，我们都被它的自然风光吸引住了。

与大城市中的景观相比，它的美别有一番风味。

看着朋友们快乐地拍照和欣赏美景的场面，我确信这次旅行将是一段永恒的美好记忆。

8.abandoned
abandoned adj. 被遗弃的（通常做定语）
abandoned land 荒地
abandoned mine 废弃的矿山
The abandoned child has grown up. 那个弃儿已经长大了。

归纳拓展：
abandon vt. 抛弃，遗弃（某人）;离弃，逃离；放弃，中止；沉湎于，放纵( 感情）
常见搭配：
abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
abandon oneself to... 沉湎于......
How could she abandon her own child? 她怎么能抛弃她自己的孩子？
Fearing further attacks , most of the population had abandoned the city
由于害怕遭受进一步的袭击，大多数人已逃离了该市。

I am not able to completely abandon the world view that I formed in childhood.
我不能完全放弃我在童年形成的世界观。

9.try doing sth.
try doing sth. 意为“尝试做某事”。

If the car can’t sta rt, try pushing it. 如果这车发动不起来，就试着推一推它。

Have you ever tried windsurfing? 你尝试过帆板运动吗？
归纳拓展：
try to do sth. 意为“努力做某事”。

She tried to solve the problem, but failed.
地尽力去解决这个问题，但还是失败了。

10. be short for
be short for 意为“是……的缩写/ 简称”。

WTO is short for the World Trade Organization
WTO是世界贸易组织的简称。

归纳拓展：
be short of 缺少... in short 总之；简言之for short 简称
11. not...... any more
not...any more 意为“不再”，相当于no more。

表示动作不再重复或数量不再增加，多与瞬间动词连用。

As soon as she saw her mother, she didn’t cry any more.
一看到妈妈，她就不再哭了。

12 . shoot
( 1 ) v. 猎杀；射杀，开（枪或其他武器）。

强调动作的结果。

它的过去式和过去分词都是shot。

常见搭配：
shoot at…朝……射击（强调动作本身，不一定击中）
shoot sb. in + 身体部位射中某人的……
The new soldier shot at the target, but didn’t shoot it again.
这个新兵瞄准靶子射击，但又没有射中。

He was shot in the back while trying to escape.
他试图逃跑时背部中枪。

( 2 ) v. 拍摄，摄影
The new movie was shot in Africa. 这部新影片是在非洲拍摄的。

归纳拓展：
shot n. 射击，枪声；枪手
take a shot at = shoot at... 朝.......射击；向......开枪
教材句式剖析
Pattern 1
And what a ride! 一次多么美妙的火车之旅啊！
考点提炼：what引导的感叹句
what引导的感叹句意为“多么；真；太”。

常见搭配：
What + a/ an + ( adj. + ) 可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）!
What + adj. + 名词复数（+主语+谓语）!
What + adj. + 不可数名词（+主语+谓语）!
What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！
What important news it is!这是多么重要的新闻啊！
What good children they are!他们是多么好的孩子啊！
归纳拓展：how引导的感叹句：
How + adj./ adv. ( + 主语+ 谓语）!
How + adj. + a/ an + 单数名词（+ 主语+ 谓语）!
How + 主语+ 谓语！
Oh, Rose! How precious a gift you gave us!
噢，罗丝！你给了我们一份多么珍贵的礼物啊！
How fast he is running! 他跑得真快呀！
巧学妙记：
口诀巧记感叹句的引导词：
感叹句，并不难，what, how放句前；
修饰名词用what, 其余用how很简单。

Pattern 2
The Afghans and their camels did this until the1920s. 阿富汗人和他们的骆驼一直做着这样的事情到20世纪20年代。

考点提炼：until做介词和连词的用法
( 1 ) until用作介词时，后可接名词或副词。

He didn’t go to bed until midnight.直到午夜他才上床睡觉。

( 2 ) until用作连词时，引导时间状语从句
①若主句为肯定句，主句的谓语动词要用延续性动词，如live, wait, work等，表示动作或状态一直持续到until所表示的时间才停止。

until意为“直到......为止。

He decided to wait until Bill got home, even if he had been hungry.
他决定等比尔回家，即使他已经饿了。

②若主句为否定句，主句谓语动词要用非延续性动词，如go, come, leave, finish等，表示动作直到until所表示的时间才开始。

not...until...意为“直到……才……”。

She did not leave the airport until she saw my plane take off.
她直到看到我的飞机起飞才离开机场。

归纳拓展：
① not until的强调结构：It is/ was not until + 强调部分+ that从句，意为“直到……才……”。

It was not until the game began that he arrived at the stadium.
直到比赛开始他才到达运动场。

② not until位于句首时，主句应用部分倒装。

Not until the game began did he arrive at the stadium.
直到比赛开始他才到达运动场。

Pattern 3
Did she study while she was on the train?
她乘坐火车时学习了吗？
句中while做连词，引导时间状语从句。

while引导时间状语从句时，从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。

While I was waiting at the bus stop , three buses went by in the opposite direction.
当我在公共汽车站等车时，往相反的方向驶过了三辆公共汽车。

考点提炼：while做连词的用法
并列连词：连接并列分句，意为“而，然而”，表示对照、比较
从属连词：引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候，在……期间”
引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”
He likes playing basketball , while I like listening to music .
他喜欢打篮球，而我喜欢听音乐。

She thought I was talking about her daughter , while in fact , I was talking about my daughter.她认为我在说她女儿，但事实上我在说我女儿。

The telephone rang while I was in the garden
我在花园里的时候电话响了。

While I admit it’s difficult , I can solve it .
虽然我承认这很难，但我能解决它。

习题演练
Point 1
单句语法填空
( 1 )Take your time ---- It’s just __________ short distance from here to the restaurant.
( 2 ) __________ the distance is a tall tree which is said to have a history of over 500 years.
( 3 ) During that time she covered a distance __________ eight miles.
( 4 ) ---- Can you see the man ___________ the distance?
----Yes, I can. He is my neighbor Mr Smith, who is difficult to get along with because he always keeps everyone __________ a distance.
( 5 ) We could see nothing in the thick fog _________ a distance of five metres, so we got lost. ( 6 ) His house stands on a hill and can be seen from a __________ of two miles while my house is ten miles __________ from his, and our two families are _________ related. ( distant )
答案：（1) a ( 2 ) In ( 3 ) of ( 4 ) in; at ( 5 ) at/ from ( 6 ) distance; distant; distantly
Point 2
1.单句语法填空
After my bike was lost for two weeks, I found it __________ means of a notice in the newspaper.
2. 用means的相关短语完成句子
( 1 ) It is said that __________ can the students be allowed to get into this laboratory without
Mr Jackson’s permission (允许）.
( 2 ) _________WeChat,we can keep in touch with our friends for everyday communication.
答案：1. by 2. ( 1 ) by no means ( 2 ) By means of
Point 3
1. 判断下列句子中refer to的含义
( 1 ) Although she didn’t mention any names, everyone knew who she was referring to. _______ ( 2 ) The figures in the left-hand column （栏）refer to our sales abroad._________
( 3 ) When giving the lecture, he referred to his notes from time to time . __________
2.单句语法填空
( 1 ) The incident in his childhood is never again __________ ( refer ) to.
( 2 ) Students are advised to keep the list of books near the desk for easy ________ ( refer ) .
( 3 ) You may have even heard teachers refer to mistakes __________ “learning opportunities”.
答案：1. ( 1 ) 提到，谈及，说起( 2 ) 描述，与……相关( 3 ) 查阅，参考
2. ( 1 ) referred ( 2 ) reference ( 3 ) as
Point 4
单句语法填空
( 1 ) Anyway, we’re here now , so let’s get down __________ some serious work .
( 2 ) I called her many times this morning, but I couldn’t get __________.
( 3 ) ---- Julia failed to get __________ her midterm exam.
---- What a pity ! No wonder she is in low spirits.
( 4 ) Upon getting _________the bus, I found all the seats were taken.
( 5 ) Getting __________ the boat, I saw my wife was waiting for me on the bank.
答案：( 1 ) to ( 2 ) through ( 3 ) through ( 4 ) on ( 5 ) off
Point 5
1. 判断下列句子中more than的含义
( 1 ) I am more than excited to know that the World Animal Protection is going to get some volunteers in China. __________
( 2 ) I jumped at （迫不及待地接受）the idea of taking the class because , after all , who doesn’t want to save a few dollars ? More than that , I’d always wanted to learn chess . __________
( 3 ) My thanks for you are more than words can express. __________
( 4 ) She told us kites were invented in China more than 2,300 years ago. __________
3.单句语法填空
( 1 ) More than one question __________ ( be ) raised at the meeting last week.
( 2 ) More than 10 students in that school __________ ( be ) sent abroad to study medicine last year.
3. 用than的相关短语完成句子
( 1 ) 它离购物中心只有一英里。

It’s __________ a mile to the shopping centre.
( 2 ) 勇敢地面对你的问题而不是逃避问题是解决事情的最好办法。

Facing your problems with courage __________ running away from them is the best way to working things out.
( 3 ) 不到两周他就完成了工作。

He finished the work in _________ two weeks.
答案：1. ( 1 ) 非常，很( 2 ) 不仅是( 3 ) 是……难以……的( 4 ) 多于，超过
2. ( 1 ) was 句意：上周会议上提出了不止一个问题。

( 2 ) were 句意：去年那所学校有超过十个学生被送到国外学习医学。

3. ( 1 ) no more than ( 2 ) rather than ( 3 ) less than
Point6
1. 单项填空
Helen said she would like to go to Americ by air, but I wonder if she has enough money
to pay for the ________.
A . travel
B . tourism C. journey D. trip
2. 用journey/ travel/ trip/ voyage/ tour的适当形式填空
( 1 ) On Zheng He’s first _________, he set sail across the Indian Ocean .
( 2 ) We were given a guided __________ of the palace .
( 3 ) We had a long and difficult __________ through the mountains last year.
( 4 ) They went on a day __________ to the seaside.
( 5 ) Air _________ has made the world seem a smaller place.
答案：1. C 句意：海伦说她想乘坐飞机去美国，不过我想知道她是否有足够的钱支
付旅行。

journey是最普通的用词，侧重指时间较长、距离较远的单程陆上旅行，也指水上或空中的旅行。

2. ( 1 ) voyage ( 2 ) tour ( 3 ) journey ( 4 ) trip ( 5 ) travel
Point 7
用scenery/ scene/ view/ sight的适当形式填空
( 1 ) During the day , you can walk or sit on a boat to enjoy the natural ________ along the stream . ( 2 ) Of course , they’ve probably seen the Statue of Liberty a thousand times on TV , the White House , and all the other famous _________.
( 3 ) The police went to the _________ to look for details and talk with neighbors or eyewitnesses （目击者）, whenever possible.
( 4 ) To be honest, the house isn’t big enough, though you can get a good _________ of the park.
答案：( 1 ) scenery 句意：白天，你可以步行或坐在船上欣赏小溪沿岸的自然风景。

( 2 ) sights 句意：当然，他们可能在电视上看过无数次自由女神像、白宫和其他所有著名景观。

( 3 ) scene 句意：只要有可能，警察就会现场寻找细节，与邻居或目击者交谈。

( 4 ) view句意：说实话，这个房子不够大，尽管你能很清楚地看到这个公园。

Point 8
单句改错
( 1 ) The police found the lost treasure in an abandoning well.
( 2 ) he young man abandoned himself in despair.
( 3 ) At the entrance to the hospital, I was surprised to see a baby girl abandoning by her parents.
答案：
( 1 ) abandoning→abandoned句意：警察在一口废弃的井里找到了丢失的财宝。

( 2 ) in→to句意：这个年轻人陷入了绝望。

( 3 ) abandoning→a bandoned 句意：在医院入口处，我惊讶地看到了一个被父母
遗弃的女婴。

因为a baby girl与abandon之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词做定语。

Point 9
单句语法填空
( 1 ) Mr Wang tried ________ ( stop ) smoking but failed.
( 2 ) You’d better try ________ ( do ) the experiment in another way.
答案：( 1 ) to stop 句意：王先生努力戒烟，但失败了。

( 2 ) doing 句意：你最好试着用另一种方法做这个实验。

Point 10
单句语法填空
( 1 ) That young man is honest, cooperative (合作的）,always there when you need his help. _________ short , he’s reliable .
( 2 ) ---- Excuse me, can you tell me what “DIY” stands for?
---- It is short _________ “do-it-yourself”.
( 3 ) Obviously, the young man is short _________ teaching experience.
答案：( 1 ) In ( 2 ) for ( 3 ) of
Point 11
1. 单句语法填空
----You can ask Tom for help . He is the president of that school.
---- It’s said that he is no _________ ( long ) the president; he can’t help me any________ ( much ).
2.同义句转换
( 1 ) My uncle does not live here any longer. My uncle __________ lives here.
( 2 ) Hurry up ! I can’t wait any more . Hurry up ! I can ________ wait .
3. 单句改错
They will not talk with each other any long.
答案：
1. longer; more
2. ( 1 ) no longer ( 2 ) no more
3. long→longer
Point 12
单句语法填空
( 1 ) The hunter shot _________ the wild pig, but it ran away .
( 2 ) The policeman had orders to shoot the robber ________ the leg .
( 3 ) He shot ________ the birds in the tree, but shot _______ only one of them ; the rest flew away.
( 4 ) His dog was ________ ( shoot ) dead by a stranger.
( 5 ) Lincoln was________ ( shoot ) while watching a play in Ford’s Theatre.
( 6 ) He’d l ove to shoot _________ his film in Cuba.
答案：( 1 ) at ( 2 ) at; 不填( 3 ) at; 不填( 4 ) shot (5)shot ( 6 ) 不填
Pattern 1
1. 用how/ what填空
( 1 ) Do not let any failures discourage you , for you can never tell _______ close you may be to victory.
( 2 ) ________ a strange plant! I’ve never seen it before .
( 3 ) ________ a different life we are having nowadays!
2. 同义句转换
( 1 ) What a surprise it is for us to see that he does his work so well !
__________ it is for us to see that he does his work so well !
( 2 ) Everything is covered by dust because of the sandstorm. How terrible the weather is!
Everything is covered by dust because of the sandstorm. ________________!
3. 单句改错
What a nice weather it is!
答案：1. ( 1 ) how ( 2 ) What ( 3 ) What
2. ( 1 ) How surprising ( 2 ) What terrible weather
3. 去掉a
Pattern 2
例单句改错
( 1 ) If you don’t understand something, you may research, study , and talk to other people when you figure it out.
( 2 ) It was not until near the end of the letter where she mentioned her own plan.
( 3 ) We will start the work until all the preparations have been made.
( 4 ) Please don’t open the gift before your birthday.
( 5 ) You may stay here not until the rain stops.
( 6 ) Not until then did I realized my mistake.
( 7 ) You won’t su cceed until you work even harder
答案：( 1 ) when→until( 2 ) where→that( 3 ) will→will not( 4 ) before→until( 5 )去掉not ( 6 ) realized→realize( 7 ) until→unless
Pattern 3
单句语法填空
( 1 ) At school, some students are active __________ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.
( 2 ) __________ volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball .
( 3 ) Interruptions (打断）are one of the worst things to deal with you’re trying to get work done. ( 4 ) Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing (开胃的）, _________ cold colors make us feel less hungry .
( 5 )________ _ she was in Paris , she developed a taste for art.
( 6 ) _________Alice came around (苏醒）, she did not know how long she had been lying there.
答案：( 1 ) while ( 2 ) While ( 3 ) while ( 4 ) while ( 5 )When/ While ( 6 ) When。