2021-2022学年江苏省常州市教育学会八年级(上)期末英语试卷(附答案详解)

2021-2022学年江苏省常州市教育学会八年级（上）期末
英语试卷
一、单选题（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
1.The sentence structure of "We call the baby panda Xi Wang." is .（）
A. S+V+P
B. S+V+O
C. S+V+ IO+DO
D. S+V+DO+OC
2.Because of all the social workers' hard work,the city won the with COVID-19 in such a
short time.（）
A. discussion
B. hunting
C. fight
D. sickness
3.The doctors did what they could his sick daughter.（）
A. to save
B. saving
C. save
D. saved
4.—Can I have some more juice,Mum？
—Sorry dear,but there is left.（）
A. a little
B. none
C. nothing
D. no
5.People were waiting for the traffic lights an SUV ran into the crowd（人群）.Three
persons died and ten were hurt.（）
A. when
B. while
C. because
D. if
6.In the poem,the word"shower" rhymes with" ".（）
A. towel
B. hour
C. slower
D. window
7.—You play with fire.
—You are right.Fire be very dangerous sometimes.（）
A. shouldn't；must
B. may not；can
C. mustn't；can
D. may not；must
8.The boys are busy the new pictures on the wall to make it more beautiful.（）
A. putting on
B. putting up
C. putting away
D. putting in
9.He turned around and found that his mother seemed .（）
A. quiet；sadly
B. quietly；sad
C. quiet；sad
D. quietly；sadly
10.--There's a heavy storm.As a result,Mr.Black cannot fly here to speak to us today.
-- I really look forward to meeting him.（）
A. You're welcome!
B. Take care!
C. What a shame!
D. No way!
二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）
For most teenagers,the kitchen may be a mysterious（神秘的）place.But Flynn McGarry is already able to take charge of（掌管）a kitchen.
At the age of15，he was (11) a well-known teenage chef（主厨）in the US.He has (12) his own dining club at home and works with some of the best restaurants in his country.
McGarry's (13) for cooking started at the age of 10.He(14)his knife skills after school
and(15)himself with the help of books and the Internet.In his room,there are no video games,basketballs or movie posters,but pots（锅），(16) boards and pans（平底锅）. When he was 11，McGarry's parents helped turn his bedroom into a monthly(17)club called Eureka.Each month,he cooked for his mother's friends and soon won the name of"culinary prodigy（烹饪神童）".Now,people(18)＄160（979 yuan）per person to eat at Eureka. McGary likes creating（创造）interesting(19) . "I could take a carrot and cook it so that you'd never think you're eating a carrot," he said.
As for the future,McGarry(20) being a Michelin-stared chef.He plans to open his own restaurant by 19 and make it as he puts it"the best restaurant in the world".
11. A. just B. already C. only D. never
12. A. opened B. joined C. attended D. held
13. A. tip B. love C. advice D. trip
14. A. showed B. dressed C. practiced D. shared
15. A. borrowed B. covered C. taught D. read
16. A. drawing B. skating C. swimming D. cutting
17. A. sports B. chess C. music D. supper
18. A. make B. pay C. take D. get
19. A. courses B. books C. shows D. dishes
20. A. lives on B. dreams of C. leads to D. cares about
三、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，共20.0分）
A
The 2022 Winter Olympic Games are coming.Do you want to try skiing--a very popular winter sport,too Here are some of the best ski resort（度假胜地）in Beijing.
Nanshan Ski Resort
It's the largest ski resort in northern China.It has two cable car（缆车）lines.Each cable car can hold two to four people at a time.There are also special snowmobile tracks（轨道）for children. Miyun County,a one-and-a-half-hour drive from Tiananmen Square
Monday to Friday：￥195 each person
Saturday and Sunday￥330 each person
Badaling Ski Resort
It offers tourists a lot of enjoyable winter activities,such as skiing,ice sculptures（冰雕）and the snow sauna（桑拿浴）.The resort has ski slopes（斜坡）of different levels of difficulty.They can meet the needs of different skies.It also has a 2.00-meter-long snowmobile track.It is the longest snowmobile track in Beijing.
5 kilometers away from the Badaling Great Wall
Monday to Friday：￥170 each person
Saturday and Sunday：￥240 each person
Yuyang Ski Resort
It is one of the largest ski resorts around Beijing.It has eleven different ski slopes.It is open until late evening.
Pinggu District,a 90-minute drive from the city center
Monday to Friday：￥278 each person
Saturday and Sunday：￥428 each person
21.Children can ______ at the Nanshan Ski Resort.
A. go snowmobiling
B. make ice sculptures
C. enjoy the snow sauna
D. climb the mountain
22.What can we learn about the Badaling Ski Resort______
A. It has eleven different ski slopes.
B. It is the largest ski resort in northern China.
C. It has the longest snowmobile track in Beijing.
D. Its ticket is the most expensive among the three resorts.
23.The text is probably from ______ .
A. a history book
B. a travel magazine
C. a dictionary
D. a science report
B
Erik rang his grandparents' doorbell and silently wished the next four hours would go by quickly.He didn't want to give up his whole Saturday afternoon at his grandparents' house where there were no kids in the neighborhood.
"You're right on time," Grandma Bethany said,opening the door. "There's tea and cake in the dining room."
Cake At least the first ten minutes would go by quickly.Erik hung his coat on the rack by the door and saw a strange looking key hanging on a hook. "Grandpa Bill,what's this funny key for "
"That's a skeleton key.It opens the best room in this house" Grandpa Bill whispered,so no one else could hear. "It's the room I go to when your grandmother tries to make me help with the dishes."
"What's so special about the room？" Erik asked.
"It's a game room," Grandpa Bill said. "Take the key and see if you can find the room by the time I finish my tea."
Erik grabbed the key and stared at it. "A skeleton key It looks old." Erik decided the oldest things in the house were probably upstairs.He headed past the dining room and to the stairs.Grandpa Bill sipped his tea and shook his head.
Erik knew that meant he was going the wrong way.He headed back to the front door where he'd found the key.
Erik thought about the oldest part of the house. "The basement!It's the first part that's built." He rushed to the basement door and looked at the lock.It was different from a normal lock.He put the key inside and turned it.With a click,the door opened.
Erik turned on the light and walked down the stairs.The basement was one large room with a pool table in the middle and a bathroom on the far wall.
"Great!" Erik said.
"Ever learn to play pool" Grandpa Bill asked,coming down the stairs.
"No," Erik said.
"Well then,take a cue from the rack and I'll teach you."
Erik smiled.The next four hours were going to fly by.
24.According to Paragraph 1，we know ______ .
A. Erik didn't love his grandparents
B. Erik's grandparents didn't like kids
C. Erik hoped to have kids to play with
D. Erik was glad to visit his grandparents
25.What's the right order of the events______
a.Grandpa walked down stairs
b.Erik saw a strange key
c.Grandpa whispered to Eric
d.Erik rang the doorbell
e.Erik opened the basement
A. d→c→b→a→e
B. d→b→a→c→e
C. d→b→c→e→a
D. d→a→c→b→e
26.Which word can best describe Grandpa Bill？______
A. Wise（明智的）
B. Crazy
C. Lazy
D. Generous
C
My father was Chief engineer of a merchant ship,which was sunk in World War Ⅱ.The book Night of the U-boats told the story.
Memories
In September,1940，my mother,sister and I went to Swansea,where my father's ship was getting ready to sail.We brought him a family photograph to be kept with him at all times and keep him sail.
Then I remember my mother lying face down,sobbing.She had heard from a friend that the ship had been sunk by a torpedo （鱼雷）.
I can remember the arrival of the telegram （电报），which in those days always brought bad news.My grandmother opened it.It read, "Safe,Love Ted."
My most vivid memory is being woken and brought down to sit on my father's knee,his arm in a bandage.
He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war.For as long as I can remember,he had a weak heart.Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes.He said it was because of the cigarettes.Whichever,He died suddenly in his early 50s.
Ten years later I read Night of the U-boats and was able to complete the story.
Torpedo
One torpedo struck the ship.Father was in the engine room,where the third engineer was killed.He shut down the engines to slow the ship making it easier for it to be abandoned.
By the time he got on deck （甲板）he was alone.Every lifeboat was gone except one which had stuck firm.When he tried to cut it free it swung against the ship,injuring his hand and arm.He had no choice but to jump-still with the photograph in his pocket.
Three days later,he and other survivors were safe in Glasgow.All 23 with him signed the back of the photograph.
In my room is the book and the photograph.Often,glass in hand,I have wondered how I would have dealt with an explosion,a sinking ship,a jump into a vast ocean and a wait for rescue Lest （以免）we forget,I have some more whisky and toast the heroes of the war.
27.We can infer that the mother and children went to Swansea ______ .
A. to meet a friend
B. to see the father off
C. to take a family photo
D. to enjoy the sailing of the ship
28.What did the author learn about the father from the telegram______
A. he was still alive.
B. His knee was broken.
C. His ship had been sunk.
D. He had arrived in Glasgow.
29.What can we know about the author's father after his ship was attacked？______
A. He lost his arm.
B. He repaired the engines.
C. He managed to take a lifeboat.
D. He was the last to leave the ship.
30.What is the passage mainly about？______
A. A group of forgotten heroes.
B. A book describing a terrifying battle.
C. A ship engineer's wartime experience.
D. A merchant's memories of a sea rescue.
四、信息匹配（本大题共4小题，共6.0分）
While most people are learning to sort（分类）rubbish,a student in Hangzhou does something more than that- he designed a smart bin by himself.
Jiang Haotian is a ninth grader.His smart bin includes two small bins,each with a cover on the top to open or close. (1) For example,when people say "recyclable waste （可回收垃圾）"or"unrecyclable waste"，the correct one out of the two small bin will open.You think that's all the bin can do？You're wrong.When it's full of rubbish,the bin will not open.In this way,it won't smell terrible like the old ones on the streets. (2) It helps stop fires,Jiang says.
Jiang thought of the idea of making a smart bin to sort rubbish when he was in Grade 5.One day he helped take out the rubbish and a dustman told him not to mix all kinds of rubbish together.
(3)
To make the dustbin perfect Jiang wrote lots of codes（代码）.And he asked some people for help.
(4) He is happy that the dustman likes it,and is proud（骄傲的）that he can do something for the environment.He hopes more people can join him and make the earth cleaner.
A.He works as a volunteer.
B.The bin can do as people tell it to.
C.He is afraid that his parents don't support him.
D.After two years of hard work,he finally completed his design.
E.That's when he decided to learn to program （编程）and design the dustbin.
F.Also,the bin will make a loud sound if someone throws burning things into it.
31. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F. F
32. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F. F
33. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F. F
34. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.
E F. F
五、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
35.Why does your dog shake when it's all wet It isn't just trying (1) （get）you and your
homework wet.There is a good reason (2) the shaking.Scientists（科学家）took a look at the strange problem and (3) （record）the shaking of 33 animals,including five types of dogs.They've found that mammals（哺乳动物）save lots of energy by shaking to dry (4) （they）off.If they don't shake,animals will use up to 20 percent of their (5) （day）energy.Nearly all furry（多毛的）mammals do it in (6) same way.But some mammals,like kangaroos,only shake part of their body,as they live in very hot weather and that makes them (7) （stay）dry easily.
Not every animal shake at the same rate（频率）.Small animals seem to shake (8) （fast）.A mouse shakes 30 times per second,while bears,tigers and big dogs shake only about four.
These animals do it so well that they shake off about 70 percent of the water on (9) （they）bodies in seconds.However,for us humans,it takes us not seconds,but (10) （minute）!
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
六、单词拼写/单词释义（本大题共11小题，共14.0分）
36.It was a pity that we missed the ______（开始）of this wonderful movie.
37.It was difficult for the little girl to ______（描述）her mother's looks to the policeman.
38.He was badly hurt in the car accident.What an ______（糟糕的）day!
39.Sometimes you may have to go in some wrong ______（方向）before finding the right
one.
40.The boy became much ______（困倦的）after reading for 3 hours without stopping.
41.有时候，倾听别人的问题比给建议更加有用。

Sometimes, ______giving advice.
42.放学后，孩子们打雪仗多开心啊!
after school!
43.因为天气寒冷，这头熊不再四处活动了。

Because of ______ this bear______.
44.野生动物的居住空间正变得越来越小。

______of wild animals ______.
45.你最好尽快理解运动的重要性。

You ______ the importance of doing sports______.
46.当时这个宝宝在大声尖叫，而他爸爸在整理他的房间。

______loudly while ______ at that time.
七、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
47.假如你是Millie,寒假即将到来，请根据以下要点，写一封信给你的好友Sandy,向她
介绍你的寒假计划。

词数不少于80。

要点：1.去南京旅游，吃美食，赏....补充1点）；
2.为家人亲手制.....因......
3.制作关于保护野生动物和鸟类的小册子，因为....
注意：条理清楚、要点齐全、表达准确。

开头已给出，不计入总词数。

词汇：小册子booklet 可数名词
Dear Sandy,
The winter holiday is coming.I'm glad to share with you my plans for this holiday.
_______________
答案和解析
1.【答案】D
【解析】根据题干，可知：We主语，call谓语，the baby panda宾语，Xi Wang宾语补足语。

所以句子结构是：S（主）+V（谓）+DO（直宾）+OC（宾补）。

故选：D。

"我们叫熊猫宝宝希望"的句子结构是：主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾补。

熟悉句子的结构和成分，结合题意，给出答案。

2.【答案】C
【解析】discussion讨论；hunting狩猎；fight战斗；sickness疾病；根据句意，这座城市打赢了抗击新冠肺炎的____，可知此处用fight,表示"战斗"。

故选：C。

因为所有社会工作者的努力，这座城市在如此短的时间就打赢了抗击新冠肺炎的战斗。

名词的用法比较广泛，要在理解名词意思的基础上，根据具体语境，仔细分析，完成试题。

3.【答案】A
【解析】根据句意：医生们尽了最大的努力来挽救他生病的女儿。

此处是不定式表目的。

故选：A。

医生们尽了最大的努力来挽救他生病的女儿。

熟悉不定式的用法，结合题意，给出答案。

4.【答案】B
【解析】a little一点；none 没有；nothing 没什么；no不。

此处用none来指代前文的some more juice。

故选：B。

-妈妈，我能再喝点果汁吗？
-对不起，亲爱的，已经没有了。

本题考查不定代词辨析，基础题，熟悉每个选项的用法及含义，根据题干即可作出选择。

5.【答案】A
【解析】when当......时候；while在......期间（从句通常用延续性动作）；because因为；if如果。

这里用when引导时间状语从句，表示一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。

故选：A。

当一辆SUV撞上人群时，人们正在等红绿灯。

三人死亡，十人受伤。

连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比较、让步等关系，要结合语境，选择合适连词用法。

6.【答案】B
【解析】towel['taʊəl]；hour[aʊə]；slower['sləʊə]；window['wɪndəʊ]；shower['ʃaʊə]；shower 和hour有相同的韵脚[aʊə]。

故选：B。

在诗中，和"shower"押韵的单词是"hour"。

towel毛巾；hour小时；slower更慢；window窗户
掌握单词的发音是解答本题的关键。

7.【答案】C
【解析】第一个空，shouldn't不应该；may not可能不；mustn't禁止、绝对不能。

根据play with fire"玩火"可知，应该"绝对不能"，填mustn't。

A/B/D不正确。

第二个空，火有时"会"非常危险。

填can。

故选：C。

--你不能玩火。

--你是对的。

火有时会非常危险。

情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语，否定形式通常在后面加not,要注意情态动词的不同用法，结合语境，选择合适答案。

8.【答案】B
【解析】put on穿上；put up张贴，挂起；put away收好；put in安装；根据句意，男孩正忙于把图片____在墙上，可知此处用put up,表示"挂起"。

故选：B。

这个男孩正忙于把图片挂在墙上使它更美。

牢记动词短语的词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。

9.【答案】B
【解析】quiet静静的；quietly静静地；sad悲伤的；sadly悲伤地；quiet和sad是形容词，quietly和sadly是副词；形容词修饰名词或作表语，副词修饰动词；根据题干，第一空填副词修饰动词turned,排除A和C；seemed是系动词，后接形容词作表语，第二空填形容词，排除D。

故选：B。

他静静地转过身，发现他妈妈看起来很悲伤。

首先要判断各个选项的汉语意思，然后结合句意选择恰当的一项。

10.【答案】C
【解析】A.不客气；B.保重；C.真可惜；D.不可能。

根据句意-有一场暴风雨。

因此，布莱克先生今天不能飞到这里来和我们讲话。

-—我真的很期待见到他。

可知横线处填"真可惜"。

故选：C。

-有一场暴风雨。

因此，布莱克先生今天不能飞到这里来和我们讲话。

-真可惜，我真的很期待见到他。

考查情境对话，在日常学习时多积累日常交际用语。

做题时要先了解各选项的意思，对其用法做到心里有数，再根据具体的语境来选择正确答案。

11~20.【答案】B、A、B、C、C、D、D、B、D、B
【解析】（1）B.副词辨析。

A.just只是；B.already已经；C.only只是；D.never从不。

根据At the age of15，he was （1）a well-known teenage chef（主厨） in the US.结合选项和语境可知此句句意是：15岁时，他已经是美国知名的少年厨师了。

故选B。

（2）A.动词辨析。

A.opened开办；B.joined加入；C.attended参加；D.held持有。

根
据 his own dining club他自己的餐饮俱乐部，结合选项可知是指开办了他自己的餐饮俱乐部。

故选A。

（3）B.名词辨析。

A.tip小费；B.love爱；C.advice建议；D.trip行程。

根据McGarry's （3）for cooking started at the age of 10.结合选项可知此句句意是：McGarry 对烹饪的热爱始于10 岁。

故选B。

（4）C.动词辨析。

A.showed显示；B.dressed穿着；C.practiced练习；D.shared共享。

根据his knife skills他的刀技，可知练习刀技。

故选C。

（5）C.动词辨析。

A.borrowed借；B.covered覆盖；C.taught教；D.read读。

根据himself with the help of books ，结合选项可知此处是指自学。

故选C。

（6）D.动词辨析。

A.drawing画；B.skating滑冰；C.swimming游泳；D.cutting切。

根据pots锅，pans平底锅，结合boards板，可知此处是指切菜板。

故选D。

（7）D.名词辨析。

A.sports运动；B.chess棋；C.music音乐；D.supper晚餐。

根据下文Each month,he cooked for his mother's friends ，每个月，他都会给妈妈的朋友做饭，结合选项可知只有supper符合题意。

故选D。

（8）B.动词辨析。

A.make制作；B.pay支付；C.take带走；D.get得到。

根据空后＄160（979 yuan），可知此处是指：在尤里卡就餐要支付160美元。

故选B。

（9）D.名词辨析。

A.courses课程；B.books书；C.shows节目；D.dishes菜肴。

根据
I could take a carrot and cook it so that you'd never think you're eating a carrot,我可以拿一
根胡萝卜并且做出来让你不认为自己在吃胡萝卜，结合选项可知此处是指：有趣的菜肴。

故选D。

（10）B.短语辨析。

A.lives on生活在；B.dreams of梦想；C.leads to造成；D.cares about 关心。

根据being a Michelin-stared chef.成为米其林星级厨师。

可知是梦想成为米其林厨师。

故选B。

本文主要讲述弗林麦加里是一个烹饪神童，他15岁时就是美国著名的厨师了，10岁就开始练习刀工，从书上和网上学习烹饪，他喜欢创造有趣的菜品，在未来，他打算开一家自己的餐馆。

首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，
结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。

21~23.【答案】A、C、B
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。

根据文中第一则Nanshan Ski Resort（南山滑雪场）广告中There are also special snowmobile tracks for children.可知，还有专为儿童设计的雪地摩托赛道。

因此，孩子可以在这里骑雪地摩托。

故选A。

（2）C.细节理解题。

根据文中第二则Badaling Ski Resort（八达岭滑雪场）广告中It is the longest snowmobile track in Beijing.可知，这是北京最长的雪地摩托赛道。

故选C。

（3）B.材料出处题。

通读全文及文章主题句Do you want to try skiing- -a very popular winter sport,too Here are some of the best ski resort in Beijing.可知，滑雪也是一项很受欢迎的冬季运动；这里有一些北京最好的滑雪场。

本文向我们介绍了三处北京最好的滑雪场的相关信息，因此，文章可能来自一本旅行杂志。

故选B。

你想试试滑雪吗？本文向我们介绍了三处北京最好的滑雪场。

解答本篇阅读理解题时，需先通读全文，了解文章大意，再根据各题的考查点，在原文对应的细节处，仔细研读，方能正确解答。

24~26.【答案】C、C、A
【解析】（1）C.细节推理题。

根据
He didn't want to give up his whole Saturday afternoon at his grandparents' house where there were no kids in the neighborhood.他不想整个星期六下午都呆在祖父母家，因为附近没有孩子，推断埃里克想和小孩玩。

故选C。

（2）C.顺序排列题。

根据
Erik rang his grandparents' doorbell and silently wished the next four hours would go by quic kly.埃里克按了爷爷奶奶家的门铃，心里默默地希望接下来的四个小时快点过去。

根据Erik hung his coat on the rack by the door and saw a strange looking key hanging on a hook.埃里克把外套挂在门边的衣架上，看见钩子上挂着一把样子很奇怪的钥匙，
Grandpa Bill whispered,so no one else could hear.比尔爷爷小声说，这样别人就听不见了，根据He put the key inside and turned it.With a click,the door opened.他把钥匙放进去转动。

咔哒一声，门开了，根据Grandpa Bill asked,coming down the stairs.比尔爷爷下楼时问。

可知正确的顺序是d→b→c→e→a。

故选C。

（3）A.推理判断题。

根据"Well then,take a cue from the rack and I'll teach you."
Erik smiled.The next four hours were going to fly by."那好吧，看看架子上的提示，我来教你。

"埃里克笑了。

接下来的四个小时将会飞逝而过。

可知爷爷让埃里克接下来的时间过得很愉快，推断爷爷非常明智。

故选A。

本文主要讲了埃里克周末去爷爷家度过的有意思的一天。

阅读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文，在原文中找出与题目对应的内容，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

27~30.【答案】B、A、D、C
【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。

根据Memories下面第一段"In September,1940，
my mother,sister and I went to Swansea,where my father's ship was getting ready to sail."194 0年9月，我母亲、姐姐和我去了斯旺西，父亲的船正准备开航。

可知，父亲要从斯旺西起航，所以我们是去给父亲送行的。

故选B。

（2）A.细节理解题。

根据Memories下面第三段的"It read, "Safe,Love Ted." "上面写着："安全，亲爱的泰德。

"可知，作者从电报中知道他爸爸还活着。

故选A。

（3）D.细节推测题。

根据Torpedo部分，第二段的"By the time he got on deck （甲
板） he was alone."当他登上甲板的时候他是独自一人。

可以推测出，作者的爸爸是最后一个离开船的。

故选D。

（4）C.主题归纳题。

根据
My father was Chief engineer of a merchant ship,which was sunk in World War Ⅱ.我父亲是一艘商船的总工程师，这艘商船在第二次世界大战中沉没。

文章首先指出父亲的身份---二战期间一艘商船的总工程师，接着描述他负责的商船在二战中被鱼雷击中下沉及其本人逃生的经过。

由此判断全文主题是一位轮船工程师在战争年代的一次经历。

故选C。

本文讲述了作者的父亲在二战中的一次惊险的经历。

父亲是二战期间一艘商船的总工程师，在1940年9月的某一天他的商船不幸被鱼雷击中下沉，幸运的是他活了下来。

但是他受了伤，而且心脏也不好，在他五十多岁时英年早逝了。

做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。

31~34.【答案】B、F、E、D
【解析】细节推理题。

（1）B.根据下文For example,when people say "recyclable waste （可回收垃圾）"or"unrecyclable waste"，the correct one out of the two small bin will open.（例如，当人们说"可回收垃圾"或"不可回收垃圾"时，两个小垃圾桶中正确的一个会打开。

）可知说的是当人们说"可回收垃圾"或"不可回收垃圾"时，两个小垃圾桶中正确的一个会打开，结合选项，应说垃圾箱可以按照人们的要求去做。

故选B。

（2）F.根据下文It helps stop fires.（它有助于防火。

）可知说的是它有助于防火，结合选项，应说此外，如果有人把燃烧的东西扔进垃圾箱，垃圾箱会发出很大的声音。

故选F。

（3）E.根据下文To make the dustbin perfect Jiang wrote lots of codes（代
码）.And he asked some people for help.（为了让垃圾箱变得完美，江写了很多代码，他向一些人寻求帮助。

）可知说的是为了让垃圾箱变得完美，江写了很多代码，结合选项，应说就在那时，他决定学习编程设计垃圾箱。

故选E。

（4）D.根据上文To make the dustbin perfect Jiang wrote lots of codes（代
码）.And he asked some people for help.（为了让垃圾箱变得完美，江写了很多代码，他向一些人寻求帮助。

）和下文He is happy that the dustman likes it,and is proud（骄傲的）that he can do something forth environment.（他很高兴清洁工喜欢它，并为此感到自豪他能为环境做点什么。

）可知说的是江设计的垃圾箱对拥有良好的环境起到了良好的作用，结合选项，应说经过两年的努力，他终于完成了他的设计。

故选D。

本文讲述了大多数人都在学习分类垃圾，杭州的一个学生做的不止这些---他自己设计了一个智能垃圾箱。

做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。

35.【答案】【小题1】to get
【小题2】for
【小题3】recorded
【小题4】themselves
【小题5】daily
【小题6】the
【小题7】stay
【小题8】fast
【小题9】their
【小题10】minutes
【解析】（1）to get。

考查动词不定式。

句意：这不仅仅是想把你和你的作业弄湿。

由空前" trying "可知，try to do sth.试着做某事，此处应填动词不定式"to get"符合题意，故填：to get。

（2）for。

考查介词。

句意：摆动是有充分理由的。

上文提问狗狗身上湿了为什么会摆动身体，故可推测对于摆动原因，此处应填"for对于"符合题意，故填：for。

（3）recorded。

考查动词。

句意：科学家们研究了这个奇怪的问题，并记录了33只动物的摇晃，其中包括五种狗。

故由并列连词and可知，连接前后动作，前一个动作took 用过去式，此处应填动词record的过去式"recorded"符合题意，填：recorded。

（4）themselves。

考查代词。

句意：他们发现哺乳动物通过摆动身体使自己变干来节省大量的能量。

由空前"dry"和空后"off"可知，dry off 弄干，动副词短语带宾语，若宾语是代词放在中间，应用宾格形式，此处应填they的宾格形式的反身代词"themselves它们自己"符合题意，故填：themselves。

（5）daily。

考查形容词。

句意：如果不摇晃，动物将消耗其每日能量的20%。

由空前的形容词性物主代词 their 以及空后名词energy可知，此处应填名词day的形容词形式"daily每日的"符合题意，故填：daily。

（6）the。

考查冠词。

句意：几乎所有毛茸茸的哺乳动物都是这样做的。

由空后形容词"same"可知，in the same way用同样的方法，此处应填定冠词"the"符合题意，故填：the。

（7）stay。

考查动词。

句意：因为它们生活在非常炎热的天气里，所以很容易保持干燥。

由空前的"makes them "可知，make sb.do sth.使某人做某事，此处应填动词原形"stay"符合题意，故填：stay。

（8）fast。

考查副词。

句意：小动物似乎抖动得很快。

由空前动词" shake "可知，应用副词修饰动词shake,此处应填副词"fast快地"符合题意，故填：fast。

（9）their。

考查代词。

句意：这些动物做得非常好，它们在几秒钟内就把身体上70%的水分抖掉了。

由空后名词"bodies"可知，此处应填they的形容词性物主代词"their它们的"符合题意，故填：their。

（10）minutes。

考查名词。

句意：这不是几秒钟，而是几分钟！由空前" not seconds,but... "可知，此处应填minute的复数"minutes"符合题意，故填：minutes。

本文作者主要讲述了狗全身都湿透会发抖的原因。

根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。

对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。

36.【答案】beginning
【解析】根据提示"开始"可知，the beginning of..."......的开始"，填动名词。

故答案为：beginning。

很遗憾，我们错过了这部精彩电影的开始。

翻译填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据中文提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。

37.【答案】describe
【解析】根据提示"描述"可知，这里不定式to后跟动词原形describe。

故答案为：describe。

小女孩很难向警察描述她母亲的长相。

翻译填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据中文提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。

38.【答案】awful
【解析】根据提示"糟糕的"可知，这里修饰名词day,用形容词awful。

故答案为：awful。

他在车祸中受了重伤。

多么糟糕的一天！
翻译填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据中文提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。

39.【答案】directions
【解析】根据提示"方向"可知，这里形容词some"一些"，修饰名词direction的复数directions。

故答案为：directions。

有时候，在找到正确的方向之前，你可能会走错方向。

翻译填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据中文提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。

40.【答案】sleepier
【解析】根据提示"困倦的"可知，是形容词sleepy。

这里副词much修饰比较级sleepier"更困倦的"。

故答案为：sleepier。

这男孩连续读了三个小时后，变得更困了。

翻译填空类型题要充分理解句意，再根据中文提示完成试题，注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。

41.【答案】listening to others' problems is more useful than
【解析】根据句意用一般现在时，是一个比较句。

liste to others' problems倾听别人的问题，做主语需改为listening to others' problems；more useful 更加有用的；than 比。

故答案为listening to others' problems is more useful than。

有时候，倾听别下的问题比给建议更加有用。

此题考查汉译英，在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上，根据语法结构，组合短语或者句子，便可得出正确答案。

42.【答案】How happily the children have snowball fights
【解析】根据句意用感叹句，How happily 多开心啊；孩子们打雪仗描述现在的事情，因此用一般现在时。

the children孩子们；have snowball fights打雪仗
故答案为How happily the children have snowball fights。

放学后，孩子们打雪仗多开心啊!
此题考查汉译英，在熟知每个汉语的英语翻译的基础上，根据语法结构，组合短语或者句子，便可得出正确答案。