2022年考研考博-考博英语-中央美术学院考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：52

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中央美术学院考试全真模拟全知识点汇编
押题第五期（含答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
翻译题
Directions: Read the following paragraph carefully and translate it into Chinese.
1. Upon learning of this cultural preference, Hallmark reacted quickly. Even though Chinese and Japanese descendants of Romeo and Juliet are now able to buy greeting cards in their native language, Hallmark has made sure the supply of greeting cards in English is plentiful. Thus, their customers can achieve both a display of their hip cosmopolitan flair, while also sending their sweetie that all-important message of love at the same time.
2.English as a lingua franca is nothing more than a useful tool: it i s a “language for communication”, a medium that is given substance with the different national, regional, local and individual cultural identities its speakers bring to it. English itself does not carry such identities, and it is not a “language for identification”. And because of the variety of functional uses of global English, English has also a great potential for promoting international understanding. Its different speakers must always work out a common behavioural and intercultural basis.
【答案】1.在了解到这一文化偏好之后，霍尔马克公司快速做出了反应。

尽管“罗密欧与朱丽叶”的中国和日本后裔现在都能买到母语贺卡，但霍尔马克公司同时确保了英语贺卡的供应充足。

这样，他们的顾客既可以展示他们时尚的世界性眼光，同时也可以向他们的爱人传达最重要的爱的信息。

2.作为一种通用语，英语只不过是一种有用的工具:它是一种“交流的语言”，是一种由其使用者赋予了不同民族、地区、地方和个人文化特色的物质媒体。

英语本身并没有这种身份，它也不是一种“身份识别语言”。

而且，由于全球英语功能用法的多样性，英语在促进国际理解方面也具有巨大潜力。

不同的使用者必须始终制定出一个共同的行为和跨文化基础。

2.
单选题
The government is trying to do something to（） better understanding between the two countries. 问题1选项A.raise
B.promote
C.heighten
D.increase
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。

raise“提高，筹集”；promote“促进，提升”；heighten“提高，增高”；increase“增加，增大”。

句意：政府正在努力做一些事情来促进两国之间更好的理解。

B项符合题意。

3.
单选题
The more a nation’s companies （）factories abroad, the smaller that country's recorded exports will be.
问题1选项
A.lie
B.spot
C.stand
D.locate
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。

lie“躺，位于”；spot“认出，弄脏”；stand“使站立，忍受”；locate“位于，查找… 的地点”。

句意：一个国家位于国外的工厂越多，该国记录的出口就会越少。

D项符合题意。

4.
单选题
Vicky has been sad recently, for her plan to go to college（）at the last moment.
问题1选项
A.fell out
B.fell behind
C.fell in
D.fell through
【答案】D
【解析】考查词组辨析。

A选项fell out“争吵”；B选项fell behind“落后，拖欠”；C选项fell in“排队，到期”；D选项fell through“未能实现”。

根据句意“Vicky最近很伤心，因为她计划上大学，最后却未能实现。

”选项D符合句意。

5.
单选题
Amtrak（美国铁路客运公司）was experiencing a downswing in ridership（客运量）along the lines comprising its rail system. Of major concern to Amtrak and its advertising agency DDB Needham, were the long-distance western routes where ridership had been declining significantly. At one time, trains were the only practical way to cross the vast areas of the west. Trains were fast, very luxurious, and quite convenient compared to other forms of transportation existing at the time. However, times change and the automobile became America's standard of convenience. Also, air travel had easily established itself as the fastest method of traveling great distances. Therefore, the task for DDB Needham was to encourage consumers to consider other aspects of train travel in order to change their attitudes and increase the likelihood that trains would be considered for travel in the west.
Two portions of the total market were targeted: 1）anxious fliers—those concerned with safety, relaxation, and cleanliness and 2）travel-lovers—those viewing themselves as relaxed, casual, and interested in the travel experience as part of their vacation. The agency then developed a campaign that focused on travel experiences such as freedom, escape, relaxation, and enjoyment of the great western outdoors. It stressed experiences gained by using the trains and portrayed western train trips as wonderful adventures.
Advertisements showed pictures of the beautiful scenery that could be enjoyed along some of the more famous western routes and emphasized the romantic names of some of these trains (Empire Builder, etc. ) These ads were strategically placed among family-oriented TV shows and programs involving nature and America in order to most effectively reach target audiences. Results were impressive. The Empire Builder, which was focused on in one ad, enjoyed a 15 percent increase in profits on its Chicago to Seattle route.
1.What's the authors purpose in writing this passage?
2.It can be inferred from the passage that the drop in Amtrak ridership was due to the fact that（）.
3.To encourage consumers to travel by train, DDB Needham emphasized（）.
4.The train ads were placed among family-oriented TV programs involving nature and America because（）.
5.According to the passage, the Empire Builder enjoyed an increase in ridership and profits because（）.
问题1选项
A.To show the inability of trains to compete with planes with respect to speed and convenience
B.To stress the influence of the automobile on America's standard of convenience
C.To emphasize the function of travel agencies in market promotion
D.To illustrate the important role of persuasive communication in changing consumer attitudes
问题2选项
A.trains were not suitable for short distance passenger transportation
B.trains were not the fastest and most convenient form of transportation
C.trains were not as fast and convenient as they used to be
D.trains could not compete with planes in terms of luxury and convenience
问题3选项
A.the freedom and convenience provided on trains
B.the practical aspects of train travel
C.the adventurous aspects of train trips
D.the safety and cleanliness of train trips
问题4选项
A.they could focus on meaningful travel experiences
B.they could increase the effectiveness of the TV programs
C.their profits could be increased by some 15 percent
D.most travel-lovers and nervous fliers were believed to be among the audiences
问题5选项
A.the attractiveness of its name and route was effectively advertised
B.it provided an exciting travel experience
C.its passengers could enjoy the great western outdoors
D.it was widely advertised in newspapers and magazines in Chicago and Seattle
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:B
第3题:C
第4题:D
第5题:A
【解析】第1题:1.作者意图题。

本文主要讲述了美国铁路客运公司为应对飞机和汽车的竞争所采取的应对策略，Amtrak将焦急的飞行者和旅游爱好者视为目标群体，然后对其进行广告的投放，最终取得一定效果。

故作者的意图是强调广告的劝说性功能在改变消费者态度方面的作用。

故D项正确。

2.推理判断题。

由第一段“However, times change and the automobile became America's standard of convenience. Also, air travel had easily established itself as the fastest method of traveling great distances. 然而，时代变了，汽车成为了美国方便的标准。

而且，航空旅行很容易就成为长途旅行最快的方法。

”可知美国铁路客运量下降主要是由于汽车和飞机的出现，火车不再是最快且最方便的交通方式。

故B项正确。

3.细节事实题。

由第二段“ It stressed experiences gained by using the trains and portrayed western train trips as wonderful adventures. 它强调了乘坐火车所获得的体验，并将西方火车旅行描述为美妙的冒险。

”可知DDB Needham强调火车旅行的冒险性。

故C项正确。

4.细节事实题。

由最后一段“These ads were strategically placed among family-oriented TV shows and programs involving nature and America in order to most effectively reach target audiences. 这些广告被战略性地放置在以家庭为导向的涉及自然和美国的电视节目中，以便最有效地触及目标观众。

”可知这些广告投放主要是为了能让目标观众看到，而前面已经提及目标观众是travel-lovers和fliers。

故D项正确。

5.推理判断题。

由最后一段“Advertisements showed pictures of the beautiful scenery that could be enjoyed along some of the more famous western routes and emphasized the romantic names of some of these trains (Empire Builder, etc.) 广告展示了一些更著名的西部路线沿线可以欣赏的美丽风景的图片，并强调了这些火车的浪漫名字（帝国建造者等）。

”可知帝国建造者号列车的客流量上升是源于列车的名字和广告中宣称的路线和风景。

故A项正确。

第2题:
第3题:
第4题:
第5题:
6.
单选题
Women have significant advantages over men in space because they need less food and less oxygen and they（） radiation better.
问题1选项
A.stand up to
B.stand in for
C.stand up for
D.stand in with
【答案】A
【解析】考查短语辨析。

A选项stand up to“经得起，抵抗”；B选项stand in for“代替”；C选项stand up for“支持，拥护”；D选项stand in with“与...联合，同...分担”。

句意：在太空中，女性比男性有明显的优势，因为她们需要的食物和氧气更少，而且她们能更好地抵抗辐射。

选项A符合语境。

7.
单选题
In our great socialist country, millions of ordinary men and women are working selflessly to （）poverty and backwardness.
问题1选项
A.figure out
B.wipe out
C.carry out
D.take out
【答案】B
【解析】考查词组辨析。

A选项figure out“理解，算出”；B选项wipe out“消灭，消除”；C选项carry out“实行”；D选项take out“拿走，去掉”。

句意：在我们伟大的社会主义国家里，千百万普通男女正在为消除贫穷落后而无私地工作着。

选项B符合句意。

8.
单选题
Esther wanted to go to Philadelphia by herself, but her parents would not give their（） . 问题1选项
A.contest
B.consent
C.convenience
D.control
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析。

A选项contest“比赛，争论”；B选项consent“同意，准许”；C选项convenience“便利”；D选项control“控制，管理”。

根据句意“Esther想自己去费城，但她的父母不同意”。

选项B符合句意。

9.
单选题
He has impressed his employers considerably and（）he is soon to be promoted.
问题1选项
A.nevertheless
B.accordingly
C.yet
D.eventually
【答案】B
【解析】考查逻辑连词。

A选项nevertheless“然而，不过”；B选项accordingly“因此，于是，相应地”；C选项yet“然而”；D选项eventu ally“最终”。

根据句意“他给雇主留下了非常深刻的印象，因此他很快就会得到晋升”。

这里是表示递进的关系，所以选项B正确。

10.
单选题
In spite of your living so far away we both hope very much（）.
问题1选项
A.your coming
B.you to come
C.that you came
D.that you come
【答案】D
【解析】考查语法结构。

hope后面一般不接宾语sb.，而是直接接to do sth.或that从句，由此可首先排除选项A和选项B；再根据句意“尽管你住得很远，但我们都希望你能来”。

这里使用一般现在时即可，不用过去时，所以选项D正确。

11.
单选题
When you are camping, there are many inconveniences that have to be（）.
问题1选项
A.put up with
B.caught up with
e up with
D.kept up with
【答案】A
【解析】考查词组辨析。

put up with“忍受，容忍”；caught up with“给…迷住，入迷”； come up with“提出，想出，赶上”；kept up with“赶得上，和…保持联系”。

句意：当你露营时，你不得不忍受许多不便。

A项符合题意。

12.
单选题
Although the traffic is not busy, he likes to drive at a（） speed.
问题1选项
A.spare
B.fast
C.moderate
D.moral
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。

spare“额外的，空闲的”；fast“迅速的”；moderate“适度的，稳健的”；moral“有道德的”。

句意：尽管交通不拥挤，他喜欢以适中的速度开车。

由although和not busy可知空格处应填意思与之相反的词。

故C项符合题意。

13.
单选题
She opened the packet and emptied the（）into a saucepan.
问题1选项
A.fullness
B.container
C.refills
D.contents
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。

A选项fullness“充满，丰富”；B选项container“容器”；C选项refills“再装满”；D选项contents“内容”。

根据句意“她打开袋子，把里面的东西倒进了锅里。

”只有选项D最符合语境。

14.
单选题
Our license will（）next week，so we shall need a new one.
问题1选项
A.explore
B.deny
C.expire
D.explode
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。

A选项explore“探索，探测”；B选项deny“否认，拒绝”；C选项expire“期满，终止”；D选项explode“爆炸，激增”。

根据句意“我们的执照下周就要到期了，所以我们需要一个新的。

”选项C符合句意。

15.
单选题
Tom was a highly（）teacher who took his duties seriously but he had neither the personality nor ability to achieve much success.
问题1选项
A.conscientious
B.efficient
C.capable
D.talented
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词辨析。

A选项conscientious“认真的，尽责的”；B选项efficient“有效率的”；C选项capable“有能力的”；D选项talented“有才能的”。

分析句子可知，who后面引导的定语从句修饰teacher，根填空处也应该填入一个形容词来修饰teacher，由此可知，填空处单词应与定语从句表达的意思相近，took his duties seriously指的是“尽职尽责的”，选项A与之意思最接近，所以正确。