(完整版)强调句型的结构及其用法

强调句型的结构及其用法
强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式，下面简单归纳它的几种结构：
一、强调句型的基本结构
1．用助动词“do（does／did）＋动词原形”来表示强调：
He does know the place well．他的确很熟悉这个地方。

Do write to me when you get there．你到那儿后务必给我来信。

2．用形容词very，only，single，such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：That’s the very textbook we used last term．这正是我们上学期用过的教材。

ou are the only person here who can speak Chinese．你是这里唯一会讲汉语的人。

Not a single person has been in the shop this morni ng．今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。

How dare you buy such expensive jewels？你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？3．用ever，never，very，just等副词和badly，highly，really等带有－l y 的副词来进行强调：
Why ever did you do so？你究竟为什么要这么做？
He never said a word the whole day．一整天，他一句话也没说。

You’ve got to be very，very careful．你一定得非常、非常小心。

This is just what I wanted．这正是我所要的。

He was badly wounded．他伤得很严重。

I really don't know what to do next．我的确不知道下一步该怎么做。

4．用in the world，on earth，at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）：
Where in the world could he be？他到底会在哪儿？
What on earth is it？它究竟是什么？
Do you know at all？你到底知不知道？
5．用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感：
How interesting a story it is！这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！
Oh，what a lie！啊，真是弥天大谎！
6．用重复来表示强调：
Why！why！The cage is empty！啊！啊！箱子是空的。

They walked for miles and miles．他们走了好多英里。

7．用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气：On the table were some flowers．桌上摆着一些花。

（强调地点）
Many a time have I climbed that hill．我多次翻过那座山。

Only in this way，can we solve this problem．只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。

8．用强调句型：“It is（was）＋被强调的部分＋that（who）＋原句其它部分”来强调说话人的意愿：
It was on Monday night that all this happened．所有这一切发生在周一晚上。

It’s me that he blamed．他怪的是我。

强调句型最重要的句型是： It is (was) ＋被强调部分＋ that／ who ＋句子的其它成份。

英语中许多句子常常可以通过强调句型对句子的不同成份进行强调。

如：
They will have a meeting tomorrow．
It is they who ／that will have a meeting tomorrow． (强调主语)
It is a meeting that they will have tomorrow． (强调宾语)
It is tomorrow that they will have a meeting． (强调时间状语)
应注意的要点:
1．强调句型可以用来强调主语、宾语（包括介词宾语）和状语。

其中的it 本身没有词义。

2．强调句中的连接词一般只用who(指人)或that(可指物，也可指人)，若被强调的是状语，也只能用that ，而不能用when 或者where。

而且连接词都不能省略。

如： It was in the park that he met an old friend yesterday． (虽然强调的是地点，但不能用where。

)
3．强调句子的主语时，that 或who 之后的谓语动词的人称和数要与它前面被强调的名词或代词一致。

如：
It is Mary and Tom who often do good deeds．
4．强调句型的时态常见的有两种：一般现在时和一般过去时。

即It is ．．． that ／who．．．和It was ．．．that／who．．．。

如：
It was the way he asked that really upset me．
5．判断一个句子是否是强调句的方法是：如果将句中的It is／was．．．that ／who．．．去掉，经整理后还是一个完整的句子，本句就是强调句。

否则，就不是。

如：
It was in today’s newspaper that we found the news．去掉It was ．．．that 之后，句子可以整理为:We found the news in today’s newspaper．这是一个完整的句子，故本句是强调句。

常见考法:
1．用介词短语来作为被强调的部分。

如：
It was for this reason that he left that school．
It was in this way that he solved the problem．
2．用时间状语从句、条件状语从句等作为被强调的部分。

如：
It was only when I reread his poems that I began to appreciate their beauty．
3．用 not until 复杂结构作为被强调的部分。

如：
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star．
It was not until 1920 that regular radio broadcasts began．
4．在被强调的部分后接定语从句，使句子结构更加复杂。

如：
It was on July 7th 1975 when he was born that his father died．
5．通过句型转换来进行考查。

如把肯定句改成一般疑问句或特殊疑问句，或把
肯定句改成否定句或否定疑问句等。

如：
Was it during the Second World War that he died？
When was it that the sports meeting began？
It was not Tom that stole the book．
Wasn’t it he that had made a mistake？
6．通过改变系动词的形式来进行考查。

强调句型的系动词除了用 is 或 was 外，还可以在其前面加上 may ／ might ／must 等表示推测的情态动词。

如：It might be him that you met yesterday．
真题：
1991
13. It was only _____ repaired by expert hands that its value and beauty revealed to the eye.
A. the unearthed pot was
B. that the unearthed pot was
C. when the unearthed pot was
D. the unearthed pot if。