主从复合句

主从复合句一基础理论：1. 英语表达的五个层次字母—单词—句子—段落—文章2. 词的分类：名词系统：名词；代词；冠词；形容词；数词动词系统：动词；介词；副词连词系统3. 不同词性的词按照一定的顺序形成句子，同一个词由于在句子中位置不同所起的作用也不同；词在句子中所起的作用有：主；谓；宾；定；状；补；表4. 句子是表达独立、完整意思的单位。

五种简单句结构。

①主系表②主不及物动词③主谓宾④主谓双宾⑤主谓宾宾补5. 并列句：通过and , but, or 并列连词连结的两个或多个简单句。

Give me somewhere to stand, and I will move the earth.Have an aim in your life, or your energies will be wasted.6. 主从复合句：通过从属连词连结的，有主句和从句的合成结构。

二主从复合句的四项基本原则：1. 主句符合五种简单句结构。

The day we had looked forward to ____at last.A comingB cameC comeD comesIn the evening school where I study computer ____.A is thereB has many peopleC is well taughtD is nice2. 从句也符合五种简单句结构。

①From the first time I flew a flat paper kite as a child, I was always wondering____.A how made it flyB how it made flyC what it made flyD what made it fly②The factory___ produces steel is the biggest one of the kind in our city.A whichB whomC whoseD where③The factory___ Tom works is the biggest one of the kind in our city.A whichB whomC whoseD where3. 如何识别主句和从句？只识别从句，另一句就是主句。

如何识别从句？通过从属连词加以识别。

①从属连词属于从句，且位于从句的句首；The chief foods eaten in any country depend largely on ___best in its climate and soil.A it growsB what growsC does it growD what does it growIt was an agreement___ could not be changed’A of which detailsB whose the detailsC the details of whichD all whose details②从属连词在从句中既可以不承担具体功能，仅起识别的标志作用，但它同时破坏了原来句子的独立性，使其附属于主句；Mary speaks English well.I know that Mary speaks English well.——us more than good remains to be seen.A. Whether it will do B If it will doC What it will doD That it will do也可以在从句中承担某个具体功能，但由于其还要承担连词功能，提至句首，后面词相应补充上来，这样在句子结构分析时，增加了难度。

In some countries, ____they call equality does not really mean equal rights for all people.A whichB whatC thatD howFinally, he lived up to___ his parents had expected of him.A whatB thatC itD as③从属连词的来源: 大多由疑问代词和疑问副词转化而来,也有一些合成和新造的.(后面具体描述)I think this\that\it is because you are doing too little.Not that I don not like the film, but that I have no time for it.④连词（含并列和从属）数目是谓语动词数目之和减1.（在谓语动词和非谓语动词区别中也十分重要）Do you know that girl ____wearing a red dress?A whoseB whoC whomD who’s——is known to us all is that Mary speaks English well..A WhatB AsC ItD That三个例外Ⅰ连词或谓语省略Ⅱ同一主语连续发出好几个谓语，最后谓语前加andJohn opened the door, took off his shirt, and sat down watching TV.Ⅲ状语从句连词放在非谓语动词前表示强调，不符合该条规律。

He raised his hand as if to take off his hat.While reading I fell asleep.The documents will be returned as soon as signed.4. 主从句命名规则：以从句这一整体在主句中承担的语法功能加以命名。

定于从句△□————名词性从句:主语从句□————谓语宾语从句及物动词□————特定形容词□————介词□________表语从句b e□_______同位语从句▲□______状语从句________□________三．1定语从句连词系统;关系代词：that which who whom whose as than but ∕关系副词：when where why prep＋whom\which2.名词性从句连词系统：① that whether② what(ever) which(ever) who(ever) whom(ever) whose③ how(ever) when(ever) where(ver) why3.状语从句连词系统（略）四从句做题思路：1根据从句命名规则，结合句意，确定从句类型；2分析从句结构，缺啥补啥；结合句意，确定答案。

从句精练１. With your help, there is no doubt ______ our plan is meant for will work out successfully.A. that whatB. whether thatC. what thatD. that whether ２.Ｗhen people talk about the cities of the UＳ，the first ___comes into mind is New York.A cityB of themC oneD that3 Is this the museum ____they visited last week?A whenB whereC whichD the one4. Is this museum ____they visited last week?A whenB whereC whichD the one5. Reading is to the mind _____food is to the body.A whileB whatC as ifD that6. They talked in such simple English ____children understand.A asB thatC whichD when7. They talked in such simple English _____children could understand it’A asB thatC whichD when8. We believe ____ you have devoted yourself ____ sure come true.A that; isB that; to isC what ; isD what; to is9. How long do you suppose it is _____ he arrived here?A whenB beforeC afterD since10.I’d like to find a job _____I can combine my qualification with my interest.A whenB WhereC whatD which11. I refuse to accept the blame for something _____ was someone else’s fault.A. whoB. thatC. asD. what12 Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A. whatB. whoseC. whichD. that13. The reason I plan to go is ____if I don’t.A. because she will be disappointedB. that she will be disappointedC. because she will have a disappointmentD. on account of she will be disappointed14____ is no possibility____ Bob can win the first prize in the matchA. There…thatB. It…thatC. There…whetherD. It…whether15 Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see____.A. who is heB. who he isC. who is itD. who it is16. No one can be sure ____ in a million years.A. what man will look likeB. what will man look likeC. man will look like whatD. what look will man like17________she couldn't understand was ________fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What...whyB. That...whatC. What...becauseD. Why...that18、Information has been put forward ________ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. whileB. thatC. whenD. as19 Perseverance is a kind of quality—and that's _______ it takes to do anything well.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. why20 There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _________ road conditions need_________.A. that ...to be improvedB. which...to be improvedC. where ...improving D .when...improving21 At last I found my umbrella ____I had bought last week.A whoB whichC whoseD as22 Can you still remember the few days_____ we spent together on the seashore last summer?A thatB whichC whenD on which23 He isn’t such a man___ would bow before difficulties.A whoB thatC asD whom24 Is there anyone in your class______ family is in the city ?A whoB who’sC whichD whose25 To fulfill the task, _______ I need is your help.A whichB allC everything whatD only that26 Anyone_______ the opinion may speak out.A that againstB which is againstC who is againstD who against27 Who______ has common sense will do such a thing?A whichB whoC thatD whom28 The little boy asked for more money______ needed.A thanB than wasC than he wasD than what was29 There is none of us_______ wants to learn more.A whoB thatC butD as30 I found that a girl was wearing the same hat ________ I lost yesterday.A whichB asC that D／31_______ was not our concern.A If or not he might pass the examinationB Whether he passed the examination or notC However he might pass the examinationD Though he might pass the examination32 Free movie tickets will send to _______ comes first.A whoeverB whomeverC no matter whoD who33 Could you tell me______ you have bought this fur coat?A whoB with whomC to whomD for whom34 I don’t doubt ________ it is true.A whetherB ifC thatD what35 My friend asked me ________ with me.A what is the troubleB what wrong wasC what was the matterD what trouble is36 By industry I don’t mean_______ usually thought of when that word is associated withcompanies and factories.A what isB that weC as youD all is37 ________ parents show great concern for their children’s studies is quite common.A WhatB WhomC ThatD The38 ________ determines a good meal varies from country to country.A WhatB ThatC HowD Which39 _________ whales as a mammal came to live in the sea is not known yet.A ThatB AlthoughC WhetherD How40 I don’t know________ he said was right.A what thatB If whatC whether thatD whether41 The question remains________ the party can win the majority of the people.A thatB ifC whetherD ／42 Our factory is more productive now. This year’s production is six times________ it was tenyears ago.A whatB thanC thatD as43 Mr. Mill is recognized as punctual for almost everything. How can it be________ he was latefor the meeting yesterday?A whyB becauseC whatD that44 Huangan is _______ my father spent his childhood.A whereB it whereC where itD which is where45 He works too hard. That’s _________ is wrong with him.A that whichB that whatC whatD the thing that46 A pen is to a writer-----a gun is to a soldier.A whatB thatC howD where47 It is an interesting fact----------try to do the same thing as nature does, they usually have to do them in a different way.A that when menB when that menC that menD when men48 ------enough time, but I couldn’t do it better .A GivenB To be givenC I was givenD Though I was given49 It wasn’t such a good dinner -------she had promised us.A whatB whichC thatD as50 Eat less food------you want to become fatter.A ifB unlessC untilD as soon as。