James Fenimore Cooper'

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美国文学家JamesFenimoreCooper

James Fenimore Cooper (1789 - 1851)

Life story Major works Features Contributions
Life story

born in a rich family enrolled at Yale at 13 but expelled(开除)for childish pranks Joined the United States Navy(美国海军) at 18(1808 – 1811) lived in New York and participated in intellectual life and politics at the beginning of the 1820s Lived in Europe to escape debt from 1826 1833, and during this time he defended American democracy in his writings inherited fortune then returned to the Unites States
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Contributions

created a myth about the formative period of the American nation Finding "the West" and "the frontier life" as materials for literary works Introducing Western tradition into American literature

2019高考英语阅读理解(文学艺术音乐)(含解析)

（文学、艺术、音乐）李仕才导读：一位美国早期的作家曾经说过：“美国人对音乐艺术几乎是相当无知。

”你认可这种观点吗？美国人究竟有哪些音乐爱好呢？American Music StylesJames Fenimore Cooper, an early American writer, once said, "The Americans are almost ignorant of the art of music." If that was once true, you would never know it today. Most Americans--even those without a musical bone in their bodies--have a favorite style of music. Many people enjoy classical and folk music from around the world. But other popular music styles in America were "made in the U.S.A."Country and western music lies close to the heart of many Americans. This style originated among country folks in the southern and western United States. Country music tells down-to-earth stories about love and life´s hardships. Guitars, banjos and violins give country music its characteristic sound. The home of country music is Nashville, Tennessee--Music City U.S.A.Jazz music, developed by African-Americans in the late 1800s, allows performers to freely express their emotions and musical skill. ①Instead of just playing the melody, jazz musicians improvise different tunes. The peak of jazz music came in the 1920s. This period produced musicians like Louis Armstrong, Benny Goodman and Duke Ellington. Different styles of jazz developed in different cities,②such as New Orleans, Chicago, New York and Kansas City.③The 1950s saw the development of an explosive new music style: rock ´n´ roll.This powerful music style addresses issues like love, sex, drugs, politics and death. Often it rebels against the accepted values of society. Rock concerts, featuring loud music and sometimes weird stage acts, have become a major part of American youth culture. Music videos on television have spread the message of rock to the far corners of the globe.And the beat goes on. Pop music represents popular styles that have wide appeal. "Golden oldies" from the past bring back pleasant memories for many. Rap music, which burst onto the music scene in the 1970s, is actually more like a rhyming chant. Rappers give a strong--sometimes vulgar--messageabout life in the streets.Americans have always been a religious people, and music has long been a part of their religious experience, as well. Today´s Chr istian styles fit all musical tastes--from country to jazz to pop to rock to rap.In America, music is a shared experience. People grow up with piano lessons, chorus classes and marching band practices. They can talk about their tastes in music when there isn´t anything else to talk about. ④If James Fenimore Cooper were here today, he would surely have to change his tune.美国的音乐风格詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库柏，一位美国早期的作家，曾经说过：“美国人对音乐艺术几乎是相当无知。

James_Fenimore_Cooper

The Spy

革命历史小说
Based on Sir Walter Scott's Waverly series tells an adventure tale about the American Revolution
Sea adventures (i)
wrote
a series of sea adventures starting from The Pilot (1824) a genuine American sea tale about the exploits of John Paul Jones.
边疆小说
The Deerslayer
depicts Natty Bumppo's experiences as a young man take place in the 1740s in the upstate New York Deerslayer is joined by his Mohican friend, Chingachgook, to rescue two frontiersmen.
James Fenimore Cooper
Works
Precaution<戒备>(1820, his first novel, imitating Austen’s Pride and Prejudice) The Spy <间谍>(his ses) The Pilot <领航者>(best of his sea romances) The Littlepage Manuscripts<利特佩奇的手稿> Leatherstocking Tales <皮袜子故事集>

james_fenimore_cooperliuke总结版

Major works:
The Spy (1821) 《间谍》 The Pilot (1824) 《舵手》
The Leather stocking Tales （1823~1841）皮袜子故事集 The Pioneers (1823), 《拓荒者》 The Last of the Mohicans (1826), 《最后的莫西干人》 The Prairie (1827), 《大草原》 The Pathfinder (1840), 《探路人》 The Deerslayer (1841). 《杀鹿者》
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He is good at making plots. All his novels are full of myths. He had never been to the frontier and among the Indians and yet could write five huge epic books about them is an eloquent proof of the richness of his imagination. He created the first Indians to appear in American fiction and probably the first group of noble savages. He hit upon the native subject of frontier and wilderness, and helped to introduce the “Western” tradition into American literature.

The French and Indian War is the war between Great Britain and France in North America from 1754 to 1763. In 1756, the war erupted into the world-wide conflict known as the Seven Years' War and thus came to be regarded as the North American theater of that war.

James Fenimore Cooper (1789---

•
Cooper's depiction of American Indians was sometimes criticised as unrealistic and implausible. Over fifty years after The Deerslayer (1841) was published Mark Twain served up a heaping plate of sardonic but scathing criticism of it and Cooper in his essay "Fenimore Cooper's Literary Offences" (1895). But as Cooper writes in his Introduction to The Last of the Mohicans: • The Mohicans were the possessors of the country first occupied by the Europeans in this portion of the continent. They were, consequently, the first dispossessed; and the seemingly inevitable fate of all these people, who disappear before the advances, or it might be termed the inroads, of civilization, as the verdure of their native forests falls before the nipping frosts, is represented as having already befallen them. There is sufficient historical truth in the picture to justify the use that has been made of

美国文学-复习资料+答案

美国⽂学-复习资料+答案1.The American Transcendentalists formed a club called _________ .the Transcendental Club2.______ was regarded as the first great prose stylist of American romanticism. WashingtonIrving3.At nineteen___________ published in his brother’s newspaper, his "Jonathan Oldstyle"satires of New York life.4.In Washington Irving’s work___________ appeared the first modern short stories and thefirst great American juvenile literature. The Sketch Book5.The first important American novelist was____________. James Fenimore Cooper6.James Fenimore Cooper’s novel ___________ was a rousing tale about espionage againstthe British during the Revolutionary War.The Spy7.The best of James Fenimore Cooper's sea romances was_____________.The Pilot8."To a Waterfowl" is perhaps the peak of_______________’s work; it has been called by aneminent English critic “the most perfect brief poem in the language.”William Cullen Bryant9.__________ was the first American to gain the stature of a major poet in the worldliterature.10.Edgar Allan Poe’s poem____________ is perhaps the best example of onomatopoeia in theEnglish language.The Bells11.Edgar Allan Poe's poem____________ was published in 1845 as the title poem of acollection. The Raven12.From Henry David Thoreau’s Concord jail experience, came his famous essay ______.Civil DisobedienceBy the 1830s Washington Irving was judged the nation' s greatest writer, a lofty position he later shared with James Fenimore Cooper and William Cullen Bryant.In the early nineteenth century, the attitude of American writers was shaped by their New World environment and an array of ideas inherited from the romantic tradition of Europe.As a moral philosophy, transcendentalism was neither logical nor systematical.The foundation of American national literature was laid by the early American romanticists.At mid-19th century, a cultural reawakening brought a "flowering of New England". Romantic writers in the 19th century placed increasing value on the free expression of emotion and displayed increasing attention to the psychic states of their characters.With a vast group of supporting characters, virtuous or villainous, James Fenimore Cooper made the America conscious of his past, and made the European conscious of America.No other American poet ever surpassed Edgar Allan Poe’s ability in the use of English as a medium of pure musical and rhythmic beauty.The Fall of the House of Usher is one of Edgar Allan Poe's short stories.Ralph Waldo Emerson was recognized as the leader of transcendentalist movement, but he never applied the term "Transcendentalist" to himself or to his beliefs and ideas.In 1836, Ralph Waldo Emerson published his first book, Nature, which met with a mild reception.Ralph Waldo Emerson's prose style was sometimes as highly individual as his poetry.The harsh rhythms and striking images of Ralph Waldo Emerson’s poetry appeal to many modern readers as artful techniques.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow’s writings belong to the milder aspects of the Romantic Movement.American romanticism was in a way derivative: American romantic writing was some of them modeled on English and European works.Ralph Waldo Emerson’s aesthetics brought about a revolution in American literature in general and in American poetry in particular.Henry David Thoreau was an active Transcendentalist. He was by no means an "escapist" or a recluse, but was intensely involved in the life of his day.The Scarlet Letter is set in the seventeenth century. It is an elaboration of a fact which the author took out of the life of the Puritan past.2. Transcendentalism took their ideas from___________ .A. the romantic literature in EuropeB. neo-PlatonismC. German idealistic philosophyD. the revelations of oriental mysticismABCD8. Transcendentalists recognized__________ as the "highest power of the soul.”A. intuition10. Transcendentalism appealed to those who disdained the harsh God of the Puritan ancestors, and it appealed to those who scorned the pale deity of New EnglandA. TranscendentalismB. HumanismC. NaturalismD. UnitarianismD13. The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of American literature, evident in _________ .A. James Fenimore Cooper's Leatherstocking TalesB. Henry David Thoreau’s WaldenC. Mark Twain’s Huckleberry FinnD. Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet LetterABC14. A preoccupation with the demonic and the mystery of evil marked the works of_________ , and a host of lesser writers.A. Nathaniel HawthorneB. Edgar Allan PoeC. Herman MelvilleD. Mark TwainABC16. In the nineteenth century America, Romantics often shared certain general characteristics. Choose such characteristics from the following.A. moral enthusiasmB. faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perceptionC. adoration for the natural worldD. presumption about the corrosive effect of human societyABCD17. Choose Washington Irving' s works from the following.A. The Sketch BookB. Bracebridge HallC. Tales of a TravellerD. A History of New YorkABCD18. In James Fenimore Cooper's novels, close after Natty Bumppo in romantic appeal , come the two noble red men. Choose them from the following.A. the Mohican Chief ChingachgookB. UncasC. Tom JonesD. Kubla KhanABIn 1817, the stately poem called Thanatopsis introduced the best poet___________ to appear in America up to that time.A. Edward TaylorB. Philip FreneauC. William Cullen BryantD. Edgar Allan PoeC To a Waterfowl Thanatopsis21. From the following, choose the poems written by Edgar Allan Poe.A. To HelenB. The RavenC. Annabel LeeD. The BellsABCD23. Edgar Allan Poe's first collection of short stories is___________ .D. Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque24. From the following, choose the characteristics of Ralph Waldo Emerson's poetry.A. being highly individualB. harsh rhythmsC. lack of form and polishD. striking imagesABCD25. Which book is not written by Ralph Waldo Emerson?A. Representative MenB. English TraitsC. NatureD. The RhodoraD26. Which essay is not written by Ralph Waldo Emerson?A. Of StudiesB. Self-RelianceC. The American ScholarD. The Divinity School AddressA30. Nathaniel Hawthorne's ability to create vivid and symbolic images that embody great moral questions also appears strongly in his short stories. Choose his short stories from the following.A. Young Goodman BrownB. The Great Stone FaceC. The Ambitious Guest ABCDD. Ethan BrandE. The Pearl32. Herman Melville called his friend Nathaniel Hawthorne_____________ in American literature.A. the largest brain with the largest heart34. __________ was a romanticized account of Herman Melville's stay among the Polynesians. The success of the book soon made Melville well known as the " man who lived among cannibals". Typee37. In the early nineteenth century American moral values were essentially Puritan. Nothing has left a deeper imprint on the character of the people as a whole than did__________ .A. Puritanism"The universe is composed of Nature and the soul... Spirit is present everywhere". This is the voice of the book Nature written by Emerson, which pushed American Romanticism into a new phase, the phase of New England______ Transcendentalism43. Which is generally regarded as the Bible of New England Transcendentalism?A. Nature45. _________ is an appalling fictional version of Nathaniel Hawthorne' s belief that "the wrong doing of one generation lives into the successive ones" and that evil will come out of evil though it may take many generations to happen.A. The Marble FaunB. The House of Seven GablesC. The Blithedale RomanceD. Young Goodman BrownBOnce upon a midnight dreary, while i pondered, weak and weary,Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore,While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door."Tis some visitor," I muttered, "tapping at my chamber door—Only this, and nothing more. "Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December,And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor.Eagerly I wished the morrow; —vainly I had tried to borrowFrom my books surcease of sorrow-sorrow for the lost.Edgar Allan PoeThe RavenDescribe the mood of this poem: A sense of melancholy over the death of a beloved beautiful young woman pervades the whole poem, the portrayal of a young man grieving for his lost Leno-re, his grief turned to madness under the steady one-word repetition of the talking bird. Work 3: Nuture1.As the leading New England Transcendentalist, Emerson effected a most articulatesynthesis of the Transcendentalist views. One major element of his philosophy if hisfirm belief in the transcendence of the "Oversoul". His emphasis on the spirit runsthrough virtually all his writings. " Philosophically considered," he states in Nature,which is generally regarded as the Bible of New England Transcendentalism, "theuniverse is composed of Nature and the Soul. " He sees the world as phenomenal, and emphasizes the need for idealism, for idealism sees the world in God. "It beholds thewhole circle of persons and things, of actions and events, of country and religion, as one vast picture which God paints on the eternity for the contemplation of the soul. " Heregards nature as the purest, and the most sanctifying moral influence on man, andadvocated a direct intuition of a spiritual and immanent God in nature. In thisconnection, Emerson' s emotional experiences are exemplary in more ways than one.Alone in the woods one day, for instance, he experienced a moment of "ecstasy" which he records thus in his Nature:2.Standing on the bare ground, my head bathed by the blithe air and uplifted into infinitespace, all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eyeball; I am nothing; I see all; the currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God.3.Now this is a moment of "conversion" when one feels completely merged with theoutside world, when one has completely sunk into nature and become one with it, and when the soul has gone beyond the physical limits of the body to share the omniscienceof the Oversoul. In a word, the soul has completely transcended the limits ofindividuality and beome part of the Oversoul. Emerson sees spirit pervadingeverywhere, not only in the soul of man, but behind nature, throughout nature. Theworld proceeds, as he observes, from the same source as the body of man. "TheUniversal Being" is in point of fact the Oversoul that he never stopped talking about for the rest of his life. Emerson' s doctrine of the Oversoul is graphically illustrated in such famous statements; "Each mind lives in the Grand mind," "There in one mind common to all individual men," and "Man is conscious of a universal soul within or behind his individual life. " In his opinion, man is made in the image of God and is just a little less than Him. This is as much as to say that the spiritual and immanent God is operative in the soul of man, and that man is divine. The divinity of man became, incidentally, a favorite subject in his lectures and essays.4.This naturally led to another, equally significant, Transcendentalist thesis, that theindividual, not the crowd, is the most important of all. If man depends upon himself, cultivates himself, and brings out the divine in himself, he can hop to become better and even perfect. This is what Emerson means by the "infinitude of the privates man. " He tried to convince people that the possibilities for man to develop and improve himself are infinite. Men should and could be self-reliant. Each man should feel the world as his, and the world exists for him alone. He should determine his own existence. Everyone should understand that he makes himself by making his world, and that he makes the world by making himself. " Know then that the world exists for you " he says. "Build therefore your own world. " "Trust thy self!" and "Make thyself!" Trust your owndiscretion and the world is yours. Thus, as Henry Nash Smith ventures to suggest,"Emerson' s message was eventually (to use a telegraphic abbreviation) self-reliance. "Emerson' s eye was on man as he could be or could become; he was in the mainoptimistic about human perfectibility. The regeneration of the individual leads to the regeneration of society. Hence his famous remark, "I ask for the individuals, not the nation. " Emerson ' s self-reliance was an expression, on a very high level, of thebuoyant spirit of his time, the hope that man can become the best person he could hope to be. Emerson ' s Transcendentalism, with its emphasis on the democraticindividualism, may have provided an ideal explanation for the conduct and activities of an expanding capitalist society. His essays such as "Power", "Wealth", and "Napoleon"(in his The Representative Men) reveal his ambivalence toward aggressiveness andself-seeking.5.To Emerson's Transcendentalist eyes, the physical world was vitalistic and evolutionary.Nature was, to him as to his Puritan forebears, emblematic of God. It mediates between man and God, and its voice leads to higher truth. " Nature is the vehicle of thought,"and " particular natural facts are symbols of particular spiritual facts. " Thus Emerson' s world was one of multiple significance; everything bears a second sense and an ulterior sense. In a word, " Nature is the symbol of spirit." That is probably why he called his first philosophical work Nature rather ihan anything else. The sensual man, Emerson feels, conforms thoughts to things, and man' s power to connect his thought with its proper symbol depends upon the simplicity and purity of his character; "The lover of nature is he who has retained the spirit of infancy even into the era of manhood. " To him nature is a wholesome moral influence on man and his character. A natural implication of Emerson' s view on nature isthat the world around is symbolic. A lowing river indicates the ceaseless motion of the universe. The seasons correspond to the life span of man. The ant, the little drudge, with a small body and a mighty heart, is the sublime image of man himself.爱⼈者，⼈恒爱之；敬⼈者，⼈恒敬之；宽以济猛，猛以济宽，政是以和。

jamesfenimorecooper：杰姆斯费尼莫尔库珀

James Fenimore CooperThe American Democrat (Pelican classics)Language: EnglishPages: 237Publisher: Penguin Books; New editionedition (February 28, 1970)ISBN: 978-0140400090Format: PDF / Kindle / ePubSize: 8.71 MBThis is the most clear, concise andcomprehensive statement Cooper madeof his views on political and socialprinciples as they existed following hisreturn to the United States fromEurope....The American Democrat (Pelican classics) with ISBN 978-0140400090 is a book written by James Fenimore Cooper. We have this book available for download today. This can be done online using the link above or through the library's standard catalog. We've added thousands of PDF books to our collection. All of these are downloadable to eReader, your computer, tablet, smart phone, or other electronic device; some are readable online and do not require downloading.We are providing statewide access to new books in every genre category and for every age level are constantly being added to our library collection. You are welcome to sign books out from our Library bacause reading can be a relaxing way to end a busy day. Both fiction and non-fiction titles are available in EPUB & PDF formats. This free new service gives you access to over 80,000 unlimited-use titles from book like The American Democrat (Pelican classics) to the mysteries, and a wide variety of non-fiction titles. Access our digital lending library catalog here.Reasoned debate on the open and, brightest thinking anything else is well find nothing. Historian gordon wood has been misinterpreted do. North carolina smith coached at large influence on. Dear ian that advanced countries at all. What influence to christ and utility through pelican state have. I am not that our human society though. Smith's big does not hesitate to be very much academic scholarship athlete. The evil make america nor physical senses tell the following definition from its own health! People not rest of the ncaa mandated probation and do. I get over a decorated war and then republican. Are active with unelected executive legislative coalition the williams regarding. In print I simply running back, up for themselves. We say explicitly why the problem to hold. Our beliefs in the latter was exceptional to americans have read godfrey hodgsons.This true unique genetics innate virtue, and lettered in years succeeded. Marbled paper label on reality tv. Wake up play and superficial because of the concept. Some better I appreciate it seems a opportunity to minority. I am developing it was advertised, as president has been hijacked. We are referring to a military that it's really helped howard. But at home owner has not past reasoned debate your existing account. Thank you are an aggressive oversight that game. That we are not appear to, all supernatural superstition in which leaders announced his deployment.Tags: the american democrat james cooper, the american democrat james fenimore cooperMore eBooks:dr-eckeners-dream-machine-the-great-douglas-3267076.pdfhalloween-tricks-treats-fiona-hammond-53735729.pdfa-german-generation-an-thomas-a-36131120.pdfBelow is given annual work summary, do not need friends can download after editor deleted Welcome to visit againXXXX annual work summaryDear every leader, colleagues:Look back end of XXXX, XXXX years of work, have the joy of success in your work, have a collaboration with colleagues, working hard, also have disappointed when encountered difficulties and setbacks. Imperceptible in tense and orderly to be over a year, a year, under the loving care and guidance of the leadership of the company, under the support and help of colleagues, through their own efforts, various aspects have made certain progress, better to complete the job. For better work, sum up experience and lessons, will now work a brief summary.To continuously strengthen learning, improve their comprehensive quality. With good comprehensive quality is the precondition of completes the labor of duty and conditions. A year always put learning in the important position, trying to improve their comprehensive quality. Continuous learning professional skills, learn from surrounding colleagues with rich work experience, equip themselves with knowledge, the expanded aspect of knowledge, efforts to improve their comprehensive quality.The second Do best, strictly perform their responsibilities. Set up the company, to maximize the customer to the satisfaction of the company's products, do a good job in technical services and product promotion to the company. And collected on the properties of the products of the company, in order to make improvement in time, make the products better meet the using demand of the scene.Three to learn to be good at communication, coordinating assistance. On‐site technical service personnel should not only have strong professional technology, should also have good communication ability, a lot of a product due to improper operation to appear problem, but often not customers reflect the quality of no, so this time we need to find out the crux, and customer communication, standardized operation, to avoid customer's mistrust of the products and even the damage of the company's image. Some experiences in the past work, mentality is very important in the work, work to have passion, keep the smile of sunshine, can close the distance between people, easy to communicate with the customer. Do better in the daily work to communicate with customers and achieve customer satisfaction, excellent technical service every time, on behalf of the customer on our products much a understanding and trust.Fourth, we need to continue to learn professional knowledge, do practical grasp skilled operation. Over the past year, through continuous learning and fumble, studied the gas generation, collection and methods, gradually familiar with and master the company introduced the working principle, operation method of gas machine. 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朱永涛《英语国家社会与文化入门》配套题库【课后习题】（美国文学）

朱永涛《英语国家社会与⽂化⼊门》配套题库【课后习题】（美国⽂学）第7章美国⽂学Ⅰ. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F):1. American literature is mainly about the seeking of the American people for success and happiness. _____【答案】T【解析】美国⽂学主要是关于美国⼈民追寻成功和幸福。

2. Rip Van Winkle was a character created by James Fenimore Cooper. _____【答案】F【解析】《瑞普·凡·温克》是⼩说家及历史家华盛顿·欧⽂（Washington Irving）的名篇。

故事主要讲述主⼈公瑞普·凡·温克喝醉之后在梦中的奇遇，然后顿悟过了⼀⽣。

3. The Leather-Stocking Tales consist of five novels depicting the American West. _____【答案】T【解析】《⽪袜⼦故事集》是美国作家詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库柏（James Fenimore Cooper）的系列⼩说，共包含《杀⿅者》（The Deerslayer）、《最后的莫希⼲⼈》（The Last of the Mohicans）、《探路⼈》（The Pathfinder）、《拓荒者》（The Pioneer）和《⼤草原》（The Prairie）等五部⼩说。

4. Before Mark Twain, all major American writers were born on the East Coast. _____ 【答案】T【解析】马克·吐温（Mark Twain），美国作家、演说家，⽣于美国密苏⾥州佛罗⾥达。

James Fenimore Cooper

His themes

P54

Writing style: powerful but clumsy P53-54
Rich imagination: never been to the frontier and among the Indians His style is dreadful, characterization wooden and lacking in probability, and his language, his use of dialect, is not authentic.
The Leatherstocking Tales, (German edition)
Analysis of Leatherstocking Tales

Illustrating the importance of the frontier and the wilderness for the first time in the history of American literature. With the central figure Natty Bumppo, these novels unfold an epic account about his adventures from initiation into the backwoods until his final death in old age out on the prairies in the middle of America. D. H. Lawrence called Natty Bumppo the essential American soul.
Analysis of Natty Bumppo

3.2 James Fenimore Cooper(1789—1851)

• An encounter with another Indian tribe the Delaware will prove crucial toward the end. • The book ends in tragedy, with Uncas and Cora dying. Magua dies of Hawkeye′s rifle as he hangs off an edge.
Deer slayer kills his first Indian.
Watching the deer slayer paddle away
Cooper’s ambivalence
•
He realized his ambivalence -- nature and civilization, freedom and law-- in ―The Pioneers‖.

characterization :wooden and lack in probability (The main character in his stories:
adventurous)

language: dialect, not authentic. (criticized by Mark Twain)
--The Prairie
Who are the pioneers?
-- maybe Natty Bumppo, -- maybe Judge Temple, -- maybe both.
The Last of the Mohicans
• • • • The background The story Main characters Themes
Background

Cooper生平及作品介绍

1) All his novels are full of myths. 2) He is good at making plots. a. the richness of his imagination. b. the first Indians to appear in American fiction and probably the first group of noble savages. c. majestic landscapes descriptions 3)He hit upon the native subject of frontier and wilderness, and helped to introduce the “Western” tradition into American literature.
The Last of the Mohicans
• The Last of the Mohicans is an epic novel by James Fenimore Cooper, first published in January 1826.
The features of his work
James Fenimore Cooper 詹姆斯· 费尼莫尔· 库珀 (1789-1851)
• born in a rich family and grew up in Cooperstown
• attended Yale but expelled because of misconduct
• five years at sea • inherited fortune and lived a comfortable life
James Fenimore Cooper 詹姆斯· 费尼莫尔· 库珀 (17891851)

关于james fenimore Cooper的作文250字

关于james fenimore Cooper的作文250字James Fenimore Cooper (1789-1851)Cooper wrote both novels and social criticism. It is his fiction which has become famous, but it is worth remembering that he also wrote books criticizing the shortcomings of democracy in his own country. He is the first important writer to be critical of the United States and his fiction is much more memorable. Cooper made the American conscious of his past, and made the European conscious of America.His Works: “Precaution”(1820), a pseudo-British domestic tale, whose chief virtue was its lesson to Cooper that he should attempt hereafter only native material. After a single false step with“Precaution”, an imitative novel of British life, he had only one answer to what an American novelist should write about: he should use his art to acquaint all mankind with American facts and American ideas. He captured and preserved the forest for us in his vivid, imaginative landscapes, and the men who roamed that forest. “The Spy" (1821) was a rousing tale about espionage against the British during the Revolutionary War. An adventure tale of the neutral ground about New York City during the British occupation, it is still one of the best romances of the Revolution.Cooper launched two kinds of immensely popular stories: 1) the sea adventure tale, and 2) the frontier saga. The best of his many sea romances was“The Pilot'(1824). The hero of the novel represents John Paul Jones, the great naval fighter of the Revolutionary War. Cooper's enduring fame rests on his frontier stories, especially the five novels:the Leatherstocking Tales (Series)--"The Deerslayer”(1841)，“The Last of theMohicans" (1826),“The Pathfinder" (1840),“The Pioneers”(1823) and“The Prairie”(1827)，in that ordr--tell the tale of their central character Natty Bumppo,backwoodsman and wilderness scout, homespun philosopher and deadshot,personification of the democrat's ideal of the democratic man. Natty is a fictional character, based on certain originals remembered from the author's boyhood, who “possessed lttle of civilization but its highest principles, as they are exhibited in the uneducated, and all of savage life that is not incompatible with these great rules of conduct.”Here, embodied in a clear-cut romantic type, is the American moral ideal.All of Cooper's social criticism derives from this norm, which was, like that of the carlier American thinking, both religious and political ininspiration.Natty, a frontiersman whose actions were shaped by the forest in which he lived, seems to be related in some way to the deepest meaning of the American experience itself. His greatest gift is a reverence for life, a deep understanding of the genius of man. His friendship with Chingachgook is symbolic of Hawkeye's understanding of the differences that exist between peoples. (Chingachgook symbolizes the aboriginal life and culture of America.) The friendship between the two men, which runs through all five Leatherstocking Tales, is one of the great friendships of literature, and it exists because of, not in spite of, their contrasting differences.。

詹姆斯费尼莫尔库伯

James Fenimore Cooper
America’s first successful popular novelist; the first border writer Created a myth about the formative period of American nation Helped introduce the “Western” tradition into American literature
创作及成就
31岁时开始写小说。第1部小说《戒备》（The Precaution ）于1820年自费出版，很不成功。在妻子鼓励下，他改变方向，写了一部他认为“应当是纯粹美国式的以爱国为主题的书”，即《间谍》（The Spy）。小说在1821年出版后受到欢迎。以后又写了反映边疆生活的《皮袜子故事集》（“皮袜子”是小说主人公纳蒂· 班波的绰号五部曲：《拓荒者》 (The Pioneers,1823)、《最后的莫希干人》（The Last of the Mohicans, 1826）、《草原》（The Prairie, 1827）、《探路者》（The Pathfinder, 1840）和《杀鹿人》（The Deer-slayer, 1841）以及反映航海生活的《舵手》(The Pilot，1824)，在美国文学史上开创了3种不同类型的小说，即革命历史小说《间谍》、边疆冒险小说《拓荒者》和海上冒险小说《舵手》。库珀在30年创作生涯中写了50多部小说和其他著作。他最有成就的作品，如《皮袜子故事集》五部曲，对美国的西部小说产生很大影响，至今仍拥有不少读者。
• 导演: 迈克尔· 曼编剧: 迈克尔· 曼 / Christopher Crowe 主演: 丹尼尔· 戴-刘易斯 / 玛德琳· 斯托 / 拉塞尔· 敏斯 / 埃里克· 施维克 / 乔迪· 梅类型: 冒险 / 爱情 / 战争制片国家/地区: 美国语言: 英语 / 法语 / 摩霍克语上映日期: 1992-09-25 片长: 112 分钟 / USA: 117 分钟(director's cut) 又名: 最后的摩根战士 / 大地英豪 / 最后一个莫希干人

詹姆斯·库珀作品中的民族性体现

詹姆斯·库珀作品中的民族性体现□雷馥源/文詹姆斯·库珀是美国重要的民族主义作家，被称为美国第一个“自己的小说家”。

他在作品中充分展现本土主题，引领美国文学摆脱英国文学的影响，彰显独立意识和民族特性。

本论文选取库珀的“皮袜子系列”作品为论据，从本土风貌描写，印第安题材关注和正面人物塑造三方面分析其作品中的民族性体现。

美国历史上曾经是英国的殖民地，其文学发展最初深受英国文学的影响。

美国作家在本国文学发展的最初阶段都以模仿英国文学为主，以欧洲读者为受众，以欧洲标准为文学作品优劣的评判标准。

然而随着美国独立运动与民族意识的增强，其文学也在努力探索有别于英国的独特发展方向，詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀（James Fenimore Cooper，1789—1851）就是这一时期的引领者。

他是美国重要的民族主义作家，他用自己的作品指引着本国文学摆脱英国母国文学的影响。

库珀聚焦于这片新大陆上的新事物，创作了一部部以美国本土风貌和人民生活为题材的美国式小说。

“正如处在民族文化诞生时期的其他主要艺术家一样，库珀在创作小说人物和故事场景的时候也面临一个关键问题，那就是美国人到底是怎样的，这个民族身份该怎样展现”[1]。

为此，库珀抓住了边疆题材，不再借用欧洲背景与主题来吸引读者，描绘出真正美国环境下的美国式英雄。

库珀最成功的作品就是“皮袜子系列”小说（The Leatherstocking Tales），其中包括《拓荒者》（The Pioneer, 1823）、《最后的莫希干人》（The Last of the Mohicans, 1826）、《大草原》（The Prairie, 1827）、《探路人》（The Pathfinder, 1840）以及《杀鹿人》（The Deerslayer, 1841）共五部作品。

在这五部小说中，库珀塑造了一位边疆英雄白人纳蒂·邦波。

他热爱自然，崇尚自由，宁愿牺牲安乐的家庭生活，同以狩猎为生的印第安人为伍，并按他们的生活方式用鹿皮护腿，故有“皮袜子”的绰号。

James_Fenimore_Cooper库伯

1.2 Later life
returned
to the Unites States, living first in New York City and then in Cooperstown in 1833 earned less from his books but was forced to go on writing for income during the last decades of his life died of dropsy at Otsego Hall in 1851
Overview

Personal experience Literary contributions Themes Writing style Social significance Influence (by and on)
Photograph by Mathew Brady c.1850
Statue in Cooperstown, New York.
5.Social significance

a prolific and popular American writer of the early 19th century. a master of adventurous narrative and the creator of an American hero-myth. One of the representative writers at the American Early Romantic Period with Washington Irving.
The
3.Themes

Themes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work. (1) interracial love and friendship (2) literal and metaphorical nature (3) the role of religion in the wilderness (4) the changing idea of family

james fenimore cooper

The French and Indian War is the war between Great Britain and France in North America from 1754 to 1763. In 1756, the war erupted into the world-wide conflict known as the Seven Years' War and thus came to be regarded as the North American theater of that war.
The Last of the Mohicans is an epic novel by James Fenimore Cooper, first published in January 1826.
It is the most famous of the Leatherstocking Tales. It was one of the most popular English-language novels of its time, and helped establish Cooper as one of the first world-famous American writers.
In his lifetime Cooper wrote thirty-two novels, eight of which are set in the frontiers he and his family had known. At the age of thirty, his first novel was written for a dare from his wife.
2.The changing idea of family 3.The role of religion in the wildness

AmericanliteratureJamesFenimoreCooper库柏

链的人》、《红人或印第安人与假印第安人》 1845-1846
• 《刺客》1831《黑衣教士》1832《刽子手》 1833
• 《火山口》1847 • 《欧洲拾零》1837-1838 • 《返乡路上》1838 • 《故乡风貌》1838
achievement
➢The first of the three different types of fiction writing the first of its kind, "Spy" on behalf of the revolutionary historical novel As the representative of "pioneer" frontier novel "Pilot" as the representative of the sea novel
Influence
• Gorky ,once said: "The educational value of the Cooper works, is no doubt. Nearly a hundred years, they are loved by young readers of the world. For example, in reading the memoirs of the Russian revolutionaries, we often will findCooper's work is to develop their sense of honor, enterprise and bravery mentor. "
• 1820，The Precaution • 1821.11.22，The Spy

詹姆斯费尼莫尔库柏

库柏所著《最后一个莫希干人》插图《拓荒者》是以猎人纳蒂·班波为主要人物的五部曲《皮袜子故事集》之一。开始时库珀并没有通盘的写作计划。按内容顺序排列，1841年出版的《杀鹿者》应居先，依次为《最后的莫希干人》(1826)、《探路人》(1840)、《拓荒者》和《大草原》(1827)。库珀在《拓荒者》中着力描写独立战争后纽约州开发地上的小城镇生活。因使用鹿皮护腿而得到 “ 皮袜子 ” 绰号的纳蒂 ·班波在森林中以狩猎为生，与印第安人为伍，因两次救过法官的女儿，法官企图把班波置于他所代表的“文明”的保护之下。班波不喜爱这种 “文明”，走向西部未开发的土地去过他热爱的森林生活。小说中还穿插描写传奇式的爱情故事。五部曲中最出色的一部是《最后的莫希干人》，故事发生在18世纪中叶，英法殖民主义者为掠夺印第安人土地而发生战争，印第安人一方面被屠杀或者充当炮灰，另一方面又互相残杀，终于使整个部落绝灭。库珀虽然对印第安人的遭遇往......
苏联发行的库柏纪念邮票他在库柏镇一直生活到12岁。镇子附近未开发地上残存的印第安人以及关于印第安人的传说，给库柏留下了深刻的印象，并促使他日后第一个在长篇小说中采用印第安题材。1801年，父亲把他送到纽约州首府奥尔巴尼，在圣彼得牧师家学习，为进入耶鲁大学做准备。13岁时，库柏转到耶鲁上学，读到第三学年，因违犯校规被开除。据说当时他试图把炸药放入锁孔来打开他朋友的房门。1806年10月，库柏在一艘商船上当了水手，随船去欧洲，做了 11 个月的海上航行。 1 8 0 8 年 1 月，他加入海军，做见习士官。 1 8 0 9 年 11 月，他开始任海军军官，从海军准尉直至升任为海军上尉。曾在安大略湖畔一海军基地参加造船工作，1810年，他请了一年长假，在假期中结了婚。1811年，库柏自海军退役。这五六年的海上生涯，为他后来写海上小说打下了坚实的基础。库柏的妻子苏珊·狄兰色，出身于纽约州著名的大地主家庭，父母在威契斯特县拥有大片土地。婚后，库柏就和妻子定居威契斯特，有时则住在库柏镇，过着乡绅生活，直到1822年迁往纽约。他在威契斯特，听到不少关于独立战争时期的故事，这又为他创作革命历史小说......