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Professional English英文写作交流-前言篇PPT教学课件

步骤(c)的难点：1）在于追踪这一领域的代表性文章，以及发展过程（比较可行的方法是找几篇最近的文章或者综述性文章，这些文章的前言一般都会有充足的信息）2）不能跟踪最近期发表的有关文献。
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前言部份和文章的标题密切相关。一般题目中的关键词汇在前言中都要详细解释。
a) 如何指出当前研究的不足以及有目的地引导出自己的研究的重要性通常在叙述了前人成果之后，用However来引导不足，比如：
there is still dearth of
We need to aim to have to
provide more documents data records studies
increase the dataset
Further studies are still necessary... essential...
2) 研究区域的问题和时间问题一样，明确提出你只关心这一地区
or no none of these studies
has (have) been less done on ... focused on attempted to conducted investigated studied
(with respect to)
Previous research /studies/records has (have)
点问题 e. 总结自己的观点
（在总结部份，提出自己预期的目标以及有待改进的问题）
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前言就是作者与读者之间的契约。通过读前言，读者首先了解这一领域的重点工作。
步骤(c)的目的：除了表明作者已经掌握了足够得工作背景以外，还向另一层含义——向读者介绍这一领域目前的发展方向，以及相关的文献。

Professional English for Chemical Engineering(化工专业英语)---6

根据学科领域确定词义

同一个词在不同领域表示不同的含义，这是因为各行各业都尽量采用常用词汇来表达各自专业的概念。

The lathe should be set on a firm base 车床应该安装在坚实的底座上。 As we all know, a base reacts with an acid to form a salt 众所周知，碱与酸反应生成盐。 A transistor has three electrodes, the emitter, the base and the collector. 晶体管有三个电极，即发射极、基极和集电极 Line AB is the base of the triangle ABC AB线是三角形ABC的底边 Mathematics is the base of all other science 数学是所有其他科学的基础。
词类引申

因为普通词汇在专业英语中往往具有专业含义，因此，在翻译时需要体现出相应的引申意义。 Whichever way the two two-way switches are left, one of the wires is alive and the other is dead 无论这两个双路开关合在那一边，两个导线中总有一根式带电的，一根是不带电的。 Such a ring of feed flow is called internal loop reactor 这样的一个原料物流的环路流动就被叫做内循环反应器。
根据词类确定词义

英语中有些词在不同的句子中属于不同的词类，词类不同，其词义不同。例如: Back: 作副词为“回来”；动词为 “支持”，形容词为“过期的”，名词指 “背面”、“背部”等。因此，对于这类词汇，翻译时应该首先判明其词性，再进一步确定词义

职业英语 ppt课件

Business presentation skills
Business presentations are an important part of workplace communication, and it is essential to present information clearly and confidently
03
Improve language proficiency and communication skills in professional contexts
04
Enhance cross cultural communication ability and adaptability in international cooperation and exchanges
Definition
Professional English refers to the English language used in specific industries or fields, such as business, technology, medical science, law, etc. It focuses on the language characteristics and communication methods of these industries, emphasizing the practicality and accuracy of language use
The difference between professional English and general English
Language Features: General English is a general language used in daily life, while professional English focuses on the language features and communication methods of specific industries or fields The vocabulary, grammar, and presence structure of professional English are more precision and condition, emphasizing clarity and accuracy

为win7 professional English版安装中文语言包

为win7 professional English版安装中文语言包本文出自“王春海的博客” 博客～原文出处近期下处了Windows 7 Professional N版英文版后～想安中文的多处言包。

在官方的文中装档～Windows 7的多处言包只能在“企处版”与“旗处版”上安。

一处始的处候～想自己用装AIK工具多处将言包“集成”到英文的Windows 7 N中～但有成功;以后有处处再处,。

在上搜索了一下～没网找到在Professional中安多处言包的方法～有处～其中第二处成功。

处处处一下。

装两第一处方法,处入命令提示符～以管理处身处行份lpksetup～处入安多处言包的程序～如处装1所示。

处1但在处处中文的处言包后～提示处处言包只能安在旗处版或企处版中～安失处～如处装装2所示。

处2第二处方法;成功,,;1,在命令提示符～处行DISM /Online /Add-Package /PackagePath:(处言包路径)处3 安多处言包装;2,然后处行bcdedit /set {current} locale zh-cnbcdboot %WinDir% /l zh-cn处4;3,最后处行regedit.exe～HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\MUI\UILanguages 找到 en-us～处除处5最后～重新处处算机～再次处入～就是完全中文的了～包括助等信息。

启帮处6 中文的信息【处明】N版与KN版的Windows 7,由于盟以反处法制裁微处～盟地处处不包含欧断欧区售Windows Media Player 的Windows 7 N版～同处地～处亦处不包含国售Windows Media Player和Windows Media Center等一些多媒功能体的的Windows 7 K或KN版。

专业英语(机械制造及其自动化)

These machines are designed for specific processing operations that require high precision and accuracy.
Special Process Control
Automated systems monitor and control special process parameters to ensure consistent quality and material properties.
Special processing technology
Special processing technology refers to a group of advanced manufacturing processes that are not widely used in traditional manufacturing but are essential for specific applications or industries.
Automated inspection techniques using vision systems and sensors to detect defects and measure dimensions.
Casting Material Handling
Robots are used to handle and move casting materials, reducing manual labor and improving safety.
Casting Process Control
Automated systems monitor and control the casting process, ensuring consistent quality and material properties.

有关职业的英语词语带翻译

1. Occupation (职业)
- Definition: A person's usual or principal work or business, especially as a means of earning a living.
- Example: His occupation is a software engineer.
9. Promotion (晋升)
- Definition: The action of promoting someone to a higher position or rank.
- Example: He received a promotion to senior manager after years of hard work.
10. Salary (工资)
- Definition: A fixed regular payment, typically paid on a monthly basis, made by an employer to an employee for work done.
- Example: She negotiated a higher salary for her new job.
- Example: He submitted his resignation and left the company on good terms.
14. Retirement (退休)
- Definition: The action or fact of leaving one's job and ceasing to work, typically upon reaching the normal age for leaving employment.

The professional English for Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials(无机非金属专业一些专业词汇)

The Professional English for Inorganic Nonmetallic MaterialsA.Translation1.We define ceramics as the art and science of making and using solid articles which have as their essentialcomponent ,and are composed in large part of, inorganic nonmetallic materials.我们把陶瓷学定义为制造和应用由无机非金属材料作为基本组分组成的固体制品的技术和科学。

2.The origination of novel ceramic materials and new methods of manufacture requires us to take afundamental approach to the art and science and a broad view of the field.新颖的陶瓷材料和新的制造方法的出现，要求我们对这种技艺和科学进行基础性的探讨，并且要对相关领域有更广泛的认识。

3.Perhaps even more important than being useful or necessary of themselves are those situations inwhich the feasibility or effectiveness of a large system depends critically on its ceramic components.也许比陶瓷本身的实用性或必要性更为重要的是，一个大的系统是否切实可行或有效，在很大程度上取决于这一系统中所使用的陶瓷组件。

4.This leverage in the importance of ceramic materials has in many cases led to intensive research toward abetter understanding of properties, often out of all proportion to their dollar value.在很多情况下，陶瓷材料所具有的举足轻重的地位导致了对其进行深入的研究，以便更好地了解它的性能。

剑桥金融财务英语课文翻译(Professional English in Use：Finance by Ian MacKenzie)

1钱和收入
A货币
在一国中使用的钱是它的货币，如欧元、美元、日元等。纸币和硬币形式的钱被称为现金。然而，大多数钱都是由银行存款构成的：人们和组织在银行账户中所拥有的钱。这些钱大部分只存在于纸面上（理论上），只有大约10%的钱以现金形式存在于银行中。
B个人金融
一个人收到的或赚取的所有的钱是他的或她的收入。这可以包括：
记账是对业务的每天的记录。
财务会计包括记账和为股东和债权人准备会计报表（借钱给公司人或组织）。
管理会计涉及管理者为做计划和决定对会计数据的使用。
B审计
审计意思是检验一个公司的控制系统和它的记录的准确和正确，查找错误或可能的欺骗：公司可能故意给出错误信息。
内部审计是公司自有的会计或内部审计师实行的。
C会计报表
公司用会计报表提供关于他们财务情况的信息。资产负债表显示公司资产，它拥有的东西；它的负债，它欠的钱和它的资本。损益表显示一个特定时间段的公司的收入和费用，如三涉及记录和总结一个组织的业务买卖或商业交易（如买和卖）并用会计报表的形式报告它们。在许多国家，会计或会计师行业有专业的组织运营它们自身的培训和考查系统，并制定技术的和道德的规则；这些都和做事的可接受的方法相关。
必须支付给别人或公司的欠的钱是债务。在会计中，公司的债务是通常被称为负债的。长期负债包括债券，短期负债包括对供应商赊购货物或服务的债务，都将稍后被支付。
一个公司用于每天费用或可用于花费的钱被称为营运资金。
B收入
在一定时间段进入一个公司的所有的钱都是收入。收入减去销售成本和营运费用（如租金和工资）被称为利润，收益或净收入。公司支付给股东的部分利润是股息。公司支付它利润的一个比例给政府作为税费，为政府支出提供资金。他们也保留或持有一些他们的收益为了未来使用。

新时代职业英语通用英语2

新时代职业英语通用英语2《新时代职业英语通用英语2》一、阅读理解阅读下面短文，回答问题。

As a professional in the modern workplace,it is essential to have a good command of English.Whether you are in sales, marketing,finance,or any other field,the ability to communicate effectively in English is crucial for success. "New Era Professional English General English2"is designed to help professionals improve their language skills in a business context.This course covers a wide range of topics,including business meetings,presentations,negotiations,and writing professional emails.Learners will also be able to developtheir listening and speaking skills through various interactive activities and discussions.Additionally,the course provides a strong focus on business vocabulary and grammar,helping students to effectively communicate with international clients and colleagues.Furthermore,"New Era Professional English General English 2"offers practical tips and strategies for successful communication in the workplace.Learners will gain confidence in delivering presentations,participating in meetings,and networking with international partners.In conclusion,"New Era Professional English General English2"is a valuable resource for professionals looking to enhance their English language skills in a business context.With its comprehensive coverage of business-related topics and practical approach,this course is sure to benefit those seeking to improve their communication skills in the modern workplace.1.What is the main focus of"New Era Professional English General English2"?2.How can learners benefit from this course?3.Why is effective communication in English important for professionals in the modern workplace?二、写作根据以下要点，写一篇短文。

幕墙专业Professional English

Professional EnglishProject name Doha 2006 Asian Games Athletes’ Village/Hamad Medical City Fluoropolymer coating PVDF 氟碳喷涂Fluorocarbon coating PVDF 氟碳喷涂Architectural Aluminium Manufacturers Association AAMAThe National Association of Architectural Metal Manufacturers NAAMM Qatar Construction Specifications QCSThe National Coil Coaters Association NCCACoil-Coated PVDF PVDF滚涂Specular Gloss 镜光Impact Resistance 抗冲击性Dry Film Hardness 干膜硬度Film Adhesion 膜层附着力Abrasion Resistance 耐磨性抗磨性耐磨度Chemical Resistance 化学稳定性Corrosion Resistance 耐腐蚀性Weathering 风化大气侵蚀时效自然老化风蚀Florida Exposure 佛罗里达暴露Color Retention 颜色保持力Gloss Retention 光泽保持力Chalk Resistance 抗粉化性Resistant To Erosion 抗腐蚀性Independent Testing Laboratory 独立测试实验室To meet or exceed 达到或超过In color and texture of finish 在表面的颜色和质地上Operation and maintenance manuals 操作和维修手册Quality assurance QA 质量保证In case of conflict 假设冲突The more stringent requirement 更严格的要求Coater 喷涂厂商涂漆机涂装机涂胶机Coil coated system 滚涂系统Spray system 喷涂系统Deterioration 退化磨损Aging 老化Discoloration 变色Peeling 剥皮剥落Performance requirement 性能要求Reasonable prevailing rates 合理的主流的价格Storage and handling of materials 材料的贮存和管理Polyvinyledene fluoride PVDFResin 树酯Dry film thickness 干膜厚度Mil 千分之一英寸Hot dip galvanizing 热浸镀锌Window washing equipment 窗户清洗设备American Galvanizers Association AGA （formerly American Hot Dip Galvanizers Association AHDGA）American Society for Testing and Materials ASTMWarpage 翘曲扭曲热变形Distortion 扭曲变形失真Temperature and humidity 温度和湿度Include but are not limited to 包括但不限于Carbon steel 碳钢High strength 高强度Quenched and tempered 淬火和回火Carbon steel bolts and alloy steel bolts 碳钢螺栓和合金钢螺栓Fabrication technique 制作工艺加工工艺Welding slag 焊渣Welding rod 焊条Lifting lugs 提起线拖拉线挂起来或吊起来的线Grease and oil paint 油脂和油漆Blast cleaning 喷抛清理Normal chemical cleaning process 通常的化学清理方法Slip joint 伸缩接头滑配接头Conforming product 合格产品Semi-gloss 半光的亚光的Aliphatic acrylic polyurethane 丙烯酸聚胺酯漆Zinc-rich primer 富锌底漆Primer touch-up 着色底漆Pretreatment 预处理Celsius 摄氏度Fahrenheit 华氏度Air cool galvanized 冷镀锌As to 关于Dew point露点Quality control 质量控制Current edition 当前版本Latest edition 最新版本Jobsite 现场工作地点General contractor 总包商建筑公司Heat Treated HT 热处理Heat Strengthened glass HS glass 半钢化玻璃Fully Tempered glass FT glass 钢化玻璃Frost point 冰点American National Standards Institute ANSIConsumer Product Safety Commission CPSCGlass Association of North America GANAUnderwriters’ Laboratories ULBurglar Resistance Glazings 防盗玻璃装配Safety factors S.F 安全系数In writing 以书面形式Peeling and cracking and deterioration of coating or film 覆层或膜层的剥离开裂和磨损Coated glass 镀膜玻璃Reflective glass 镀膜(反射)玻璃Low-E glass Low-E玻璃低辐射玻璃Laminated glass 夹胶玻璃Silkscreened glass 丝网印刷玻璃Ceramic frit coated glass 彩釉玻璃Float glass 平板玻璃Clear glass 透明玻璃Tinted glass 本体着色玻璃Polyester film 聚酯软片聚酯薄膜PVBDouble glazed 中空玻璃Dual sealed unit 双道密封单元Desiccant 干燥剂Solder 焊料Polyisobutylene PIB 聚异丁烯中空玻璃一道密封胶Polyvinyl butyral PVB 聚乙烯醇缩丁醛Transparent 透明的Clear 透明的Translucent 半透明的Laminator 层合机Air/glass pocket 气/玻璃泡At code-mandated locations 在规范要求的位置Fire rated glass FR glass 防火玻璃Odorless 无嗅的Colorless 无色的Non-yellowing 不泛黄的U.V. stable 紫外线照射稳定的抗紫外线的Fire resistance ratings 防火等级Performance characteristics 性能特性性能参数Visible Light Transmittance VLT 可见光透过率Solar Transmittance ST 太阳光透过率UV Light Transmittance UVLT 紫外光透过率Visible Reflectance Out VRO 室外可见光反射率Visible Reflectance In VRI 室内可见光反射率Solar 阳光系数American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Airconditioning EngineersASHRAE 美国采暖，制冷与空调工程师学会Winter Nighttime European U-value WNEU 冬季夜晚欧洲U值Summer Daytime European U-value 夏季白天欧洲U值Shading Coefficient S.C 遮阳系数Relative Heat Gain RHG 相对增热Light sand blasted finish 磨砂表面Sand blasted glass 磨砂玻璃Firestopping 挡火系统防火封修Durometer hardness 硬度计硬度Setting block （底部）垫块Edge block （边部）垫块Shore A Durometer 邵尔A硬度Rabbet 槽口榫头槽口接缝处Positioning glass 玻璃配置Semi rigid mineral fibre blanket 半刚性的矿棉毡Performance criteria 性能标准Unless otherwise indicated 除非另有显示Provide ground edge for exposed glass 暴露玻璃需磨边Notch 槽口凹口开槽Precoated aluminum extrusion aluminum extrusion with prefinish 铝合金素材Bead 扣条Butt joint 对接对接接头Acid etched glass 酸蚀玻璃Quality control program 质量控制计划Pin holes 针孔气泡（玻璃缺陷之一）Equidistant 距离相等的等距的Bead of sealant 胶缝Corner seal 角部密封Live loads 活荷载Dead loads 恒荷载Foundation settlement 基础沉降Floor deflection 楼板偏差Misalignment of structure 结构的安装偏差Vestibule 门廊前厅Sliding door 推拉门Swing door 平开门摆动门（通常为可内外摆动的铝合金门或玻璃地弹门）American Society for Civil Engineers ASCERate of air leakage 空气渗透率Uniform static air pressure difference 统一静态空气压力差Rain water penetration 雨水渗漏American Spray Coaters Association ASCAMiscellaneous 各种的混杂的各式各样混在一起的American Welding Society AWSPigmented 有颜色的Maximum allowable deflection 最大允许偏差Ribbon window 带窗With reference to 关于Backer rod 背衬圆棒泡沫棒Design wind pressure 设计风压Deformation 变形Thermal movement 热移动Brittle materials 易碎材料Friction stays 摩擦滑撑Expansion joint 伸缩接头膨胀接头膨胀缝Long term creep of concrete frame 混凝土结构的长期变形Building bldgService lifetime 使用寿命使用期限Condensation resistance factor CRFLab tests 实验室测试Field tests 现场测试Performance testing 性能测试Splice 铰接处拼接处接头Apparatus for performance testing 性能测试用设备Perimeter sealant 周边密封周圈密封Anchors embedded in concrete 锚固于混凝土中的锚栓Professional Engineer PEComplexity of the project 项目的复杂性Maintenance manuals 维修手册Clear and concise description 清晰而简明扼要的描述Routine maintenance 日常维护Authorized agent 全权代理人Suitable cleaning agents 适当的清洁剂Shop drawings 施工图As-built drawings竣工图Terms and conditions 条款和条件Torque 扭矩Storefront 橱窗On monthly intervals 按月每月间隔Periodic inspection 定期检查Wedge-shaped 楔形的V形的Single-component structural sealant 单组份结构胶Two-component structural sealant 双组份结构胶Increase or decrease 增加或减少Caulking stops 边封修Nonmagnetic stainless steel 无磁不锈钢Installation and alignment 安装和调整安装和校正Countersink 埋头孔锥形孔沉头孔钻沉头孔Channel shaped devices by Halfen Halfen槽埋件Closer 闭门器Push/pulls 推拉执手Threshold 门槛Night latch 弹簧锁Pivot hinges 枢轴铰链合页Drainage weep holes and drainage slots 排水孔和排水槽Plumb 铅锤垂直的使垂直Butyl sealant 丁基密封胶Lightning protection 防雷保护Job rotation 岗位轮换Work assignment 工作分配工作委派Administrative Controls 行政管理Air-purifying respirator 空气净化口罩防尘口罩防毒面具Air monitoring 大气监测器空气污染监测器Arc welding 电弧焊Electrical welding 电焊Asbestos 矿棉石棉Boatswain’s chair （绳系吊板的）高空作业台Body harness 安全带Ascend ladder 上梯子Descend ladder 下梯子Cleat （梯子的）防滑条Rectangular cross section 矩形横断面Cross section 横断面横截面Existing and predictable hazard 存在的和可预见的危险Competent person 责任人主管人Compressed gas 压缩气体Entry and exit 入口和出口Known or potential hazards 已知的或潜在的危险Confined space ？？？？狭窄空间De-energized 短路断路Oxidizing agent 氧化剂Flammable substance 可燃物质Flammable liquid 可燃液体Engineering controls 工程控制Safety goggles 护目镜防护眼镜Face shield 面罩Fall arrest equipment 防止跌落设备First aid 急救Fume （浓烈而难闻的）烟或气体High-efficiency particulate air filter 高效空气过滤器Job-made ladder ？？？？Lifeline 救生索Mist 薄雾喷雾Material safety data sheet MSDS 材料安全数据表The National Fire Protection Association NFPAThe National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH Occupational Safety and Health Association OSHAParticulate matter 颗粒物质Personal protective 人身保护Portable ladder 便携式梯子轻便梯Toeboard 工作平台周边挡板Performance bond 履约保函Care of works 工程照管Third part insurance 第三方责任险Supply of plant and material and labour 设备材料和劳动力的供应Suspension of work 工作的延迟Commencement of works 工作的开始Possession of site 进场Time of completion 竣工时间Extension of time for completion 竣工时间的延期Rate of progress 进度款Liquidated damages for delay 延期罚款Certificate of completion of works 完工证明竣工报告Monthly statement 月度报告Forfeiture 罚款Settlement of disputes 争议解决Customs duty 关税Customs dues 应付海关费用Air transport 空运Sea transport 海运Skilled manpower 技术人力熟练技工Skilled craftsmen 技术工人Contractor’s temporary buildings 承包商的临建Office equipment 办公设备Setting out 放线布置Temporary bench marks 临时水准点All communications to be in writing 所有的沟通要以书面的形式Site diary 现场日记Progress report 进度报告Programme 进度表As-built record 竣工报告Survey drawings 测量图Survey data 测量数据Manually powered 手动的Rigging 索具绳索传动装置装备Openings between floor slab and curtain wall 幕墙和楼板间的间隙Gypsum wallboard partition 石膏板隔断Fire resistance 防火Operation manager 业务经理With respect to 关于至于Requirement of regulatory agency 管理机构的要求In a dry well, ventilated space maintained 在一个干燥通风的地点Sealant, Waterproofing and Restoration Institute SWRIInstaller must be experienced in the installation of bulk sealant 安装人必须有大批量胶的安装经验Shelf life 保存期限Company letterhead 公司信笺Batch number 批号批数Acceptable, marginal, not acceptable 可接受的和边缘的和不可接受的Warranty period 保证期Stain-resistant medium modulus sealant 抗污中等模量密封胶Custom colors 自定义颜色Ruptured surface 破裂面断裂面Lacquer 漆硝基漆清喷漆有光泽的涂料Protective films 保护膜During sealing operations 打胶期间Sealant installation standard 打胶标准Leave surface of sealant slightly concave 使胶的表面略微凹入Automatic sliding entrance door 自动平移入口门Safety devices 安全装置On-off switches 开关Card readers 读卡机卡片阅读机Electric devices 电动装置Commercial tolerances 普通公差Staining 着色Abrasion 磨损Design requirements 设计要求Electric bi-parting sliding door system 电动双扇平移门Connecting 连接管接头套管Fail-safe 自动防故障装置Fire detection device 火警装置Fire detection system 火警系统Alternating current AC 交流电Template templet 模板Door and Hardware Institute DHILetter of intent 中标通知书The date of letter of intent issued 中标日期Award of contract 授予合同The date of award of contract 授予合同的日期合同签定日期Manual locks 手动锁Electric locks 电动锁Magnetic locks 磁锁Electric latches 电动击打锁Closer 闭门器Pulls 门拉手Flush bolts 平头插销平头螺栓Key cabinet 锁盒Kick plate 踢脚板Transparency 透明透明度有图案的玻璃Specialist contractor 专业承包商Austenitic stainless steel 奥氏体不锈钢Hex head screw 六角头螺钉Proposal 投标（美）Proposal drawings 投标图纸Isometric drawings 等比例图纸Field conditions 现场条件Color and texture of finish 表面颜色和纹理Structural calculation 结构计算书Section property computation 截面特性计算Subcontractor 转包商分包商次承包商Installer references 安装人业绩Curtain wall installer 幕墙安装人Field superintendent 现场负责人现场主管Moment of inertia 转动惯量More stringent provision 更严格的规定Factory fabricate and factory assemble 工厂制作和工厂组装Field fabrication and modification 现场制作和修改Point fixed structural curtain wall 点式结构玻璃幕墙Mock up shall be two glass panels wide by three glass panels high 样件应是2个板块宽3个板块高There shall be one jamb condition and two intermediate conditions 1个边界情形和2个中间情形Typical head condition 典型的顶部情形Typical sill condition 典型的底部情形1.5 times the maximum design pressure 1.5倍的最大设计压力high-strength stainless steel 高强不锈钢curing 塑化硫化固化硬化neutral-curing silicone formulation 中性固化硅酮（配方）胶joint movement capability 接缝运动能力caulking stops 封边heat soaked 热浸处理dimensional tolerance 尺寸公差slip joint sleeve 伸缩接合套fluorocarbon resin 氟碳树脂burr 除毛刺free of burrs 没有毛刺field quality control 现场质量控制during the construction 在施工期间water hose tests 淋水试验field check of curtain wall for water leakage 玻璃幕墙现场淋水试验]stability of system 系统的稳定性gondola 吊篮American Iron and Steel Institute AISIAmerican National Standards Institute/International Window Cleaners Association ANSI/IWCAAluminum Association AAInternational Building Code IBCPowered platforms 动力平台Canadian Standards Association CSASuspended elevating platform 悬浮提升平台American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc. AISCCold-formed steel structural members 冷轧钢构件American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASMEWire rope 钢缆钢索Davit loads 吊柱荷载吊杆荷载Restrictive and nonrestrictive 限制性的和非限制性的Log book 记录簿值班日记Stainless steel wire rope 不锈钢钢丝绳Base plate 底座机座底盘Portable fire extinguisher 手提式灭火器Civil work 土建工程perspective drawing 透视画[图]Subframes 付框Solar control glass 镀膜玻璃Relevant provisions 有关的规定wired glass 嵌丝玻璃,technical data 技术资料alternative proposals 可供选择的建议Fire exit 安全出口Perforated 穿孔mineral wool 矿棉aluminium foil 铝箔facade 建筑立面a qualified independent testing agency 有资格的独立测试机构per specs 每种规格rolling shutters 卷帘HST (heat soak treated) 热浸处理HS （heat strengthened）半钢化Table of contents 目录lump sum 一次付的款额, 一次付清Project name technical words for curtain wall Accessories 附件Acidic 酸的酸性的Acid etch 酸浸蚀酸刻蚀酸洗Acid etched 酸蚀的Acoustic isolation 隔声（材料）Adhesive 粘合剂Adversely 逆地反对地Agency 代理处行销处代理中介Air permeability 空气渗透性Aluminum alloy sheet 铝合金板Aluminum solid panel 铝板Aluminum extrusion 铝型材Anchor bolts 锚栓Ancillary 辅助的副的Architect 建筑师Assembly 集合装配Balcony 阳台Balustrade 栏杆Handle 执手把手Beam 梁横梁Louver blades 百叶叶片Bolt 螺栓Bonded 粘合而成的Boom lift 升降车Bracket 支架Brick 砖砖块Bubble 泡沫Building 建筑物Building Maintenance Units BMU 擦窗机Canopy 天棚雨蓬Caption 标题加上标题说明加上说明Casting 铸件铸造Cladding 覆层Claim 要求声称索赔Clause 条项条款Cleaning 清洗清洁（处理）Client 顾客客户委托人Column 圆柱柱状物Compatibility 兼容性Compatible 兼容的一致的Comply with 遵守照做Condensation 冷凝（作用）浓缩Contrast 差别明显差异对照对照物Corrosion 侵蚀腐蚀状态Crack 裂缝破裂Criteria 标准Standard 标准Curved pressed aluminum panels 弯弧铝板Damages 赔款赔偿费赔偿损失Defect 缺点缺陷不足Degradable 可能降解的Detach 分开解开分离Detachability 可拆卸性可分离性可分开能力Details 详细资料Detail 细节详情详图节点Dimple 波纹起波纹的使起波纹Dismantle 拆除Dispatch 分派派遣急件Double side hung doors 双扇平开门Double-skined curtain wall 双层幕墙Drill 钻钻孔钻孔机钻头Durable 持久的耐用的Dynamic testing 动态测试Electrolytic corrosion 电解腐蚀Elevation 正视图立面图Enclose 放入封套装入Energy saving aluminum doors and windows 节能铝合金门窗EPDM gaskets EPDM 胶条三元乙丙胶条Executive 执行的实行的执行者External cover cap 外扣板Extract 分离出提炼出精华抽取物Fabrication 制作构成Facing 饰面Fibre 纤维纤维制品Figure 外形轮廓图形数字Finalize 定案把（计划、稿件等）最后定下来Fine and summon 罚款与起诉Finish 精加工末道漆润色使完美Fixed lights 固定扇Fixing anchor adjustment 锚栓的调整Fixing anchor installation 锚栓的安装Fixing 固定设备安装Flat washer 平垫Float glass 浮法玻璃Floor 地面地板层Foreman 领班工头Frame 框架构造Friction stay 摩擦铰链Goods lift 货梯Granite 花岗石花岗岩Grating 栅格Grid line 轴线Handling 处理管理装卸加工Helmet 头盔钢盔安全帽Hermetically 密封地Hoist 卷扬机升降机起重机吊车Housekeeping 现场管理家务管理Identification 辨认鉴定证明Installation procedures 安装程序Interface 分界面接触面接口边界Ironmongery 铁件五金件Itinerary 旅行日程路线旅程Jamb 门窗的侧柱旁柱Joints 接缝Labour 劳动力Latch 门插销Level 水平水平面Lining 衬套隔板镀覆涂层Lobby 门廊门厅大厅Lorry 运货汽车卡车Low-iron glass 超白玻璃Lubricate 润滑加润滑油Machine cut 机械加工机械切削Cut 切割削Main contractor 总包商Manual 手册指南手的手动的手工的体力的Marble 大理石Master programme 总包商施工计划总进度计划土建施工计划Membrane 膜薄膜Skylight 天窗Metalwork 金属制品金属制造金属件Mild steel 软钢低碳钢Mineral 矿物矿石无机物含矿石的无机的Mobile crane 汽车吊Moisture 潮湿湿气Mold 模具模子铸模装饰线条花边Molded article 模型制品Mullion 竖框Multipoint lock 多点锁Multipoint fastening 多点锁Neutral 中性的Nut 螺母螺帽Obtain approval 获得正式批准Opening sash 开启扇Operable windows 开启窗Other items 其它条款Owner 业主Panel 面板嵌板Partition 分割分开隔离物隔断Passenger lift 客梯Payment 付款支付报偿Performance 履行执行性能Performance criteria 性能标准Point-fixing glass wall 点式玻璃墙Plaster 石膏灰泥涂灰泥Plasterboard 石膏板Plastic 塑料塑料制品塑胶塑胶的Podium 矮墙裙楼墩座墙Polish 磨光Polyester powder coating PPC 粉末喷涂Polysulfide rubber 聚硫橡胶Preamble 导言Preliminary 预备的初步的Preliminary cost 开办费Primary supporting structure 主支撑结构Process 过程作用方法程序步骤加工处理Programme 进度表Project 计划方案工程设计Quotation 价格报价单Rebate 折扣打折扣Recommendation 推荐建议介绍劝告Recycle 重复利用使再使用Foil 金属薄片Reinforced concrete RC 钢筋混凝土Relative humidity 相对湿度Release irritant 释放刺激物Resistance to oxidation 抗氧化Consolidation 巩固合并Rivet 铆钉铆铆固Rot 腐烂使腐烂Safety belt 安全带Safety shoes 安全鞋Safety testing 安全性测试Samples 标本样品例子Stainless steel with satin finish 镜光不锈钢Scaffolding 脚手架Schedule 时间表进度表Scratch 抓擦刮抓痕擦伤Sealant 密封剂密封胶Section 剖面Self-drilling screw 自攻自钻钉Self-taping screw 自攻钉Semi-unitized curtain wall 半单元幕墙Serviceability test 实用性测试适用性测试Shear 剪剪切修剪Shear pin 安全销剪切销Sherardize 在（铁制品上）镀锌粉Sill 窗台门槛Single rope net point glass curtain wall 单层索网点式幕墙Slab 平板后板楼板Sleeve 套管套桶管接头Soffit 拱腹楼梯下面吊顶Spare part 备件Specialist 专家Specification 规范说明书详述规格Spider system 驳接玻璃幕墙点式玻璃幕墙Stainless steel sheet 不锈钢板Stair 楼梯梯子的一级Static test 静态测试Steel pull rod point glass curtain wall 钢拉杆点式玻璃幕墙Steel structure 钢结构Steel structure supporting point glass curtain wall 钢结构点式玻璃幕墙Stick system 框架系统Stick curtain wall 框架式玻璃幕墙Storey 层Storage 存储贮藏Subcontractor 分包商Submission 提交呈递屈服服从Subsection 分部分段小部分Substation 分站分所变电站Survey 测量调查Tempered glass 钢化玻璃Terrace 阳台露台房屋的平顶Texture 质地纹理Thermal broken bar 断热条Thermal properties 隔热性能Thermal stress in glazing 玻璃热挤压应力Three dimensional adjustment 三维调整Top hung window 顶悬窗翻窗Toughened glass 钢化玻璃Tower crane 塔吊Transom 横框Trellis 格架格子格构Typical plan 典型平面Unitized curtain wall 单元幕墙Unloaded 卸载Vault 拱顶Vent 通风孔出烟孔出口Vermin 害虫寄生虫Warranty 担保保证Water tank 水箱Water vapour 水蒸气Weather stripping 毛条Wind loads 风荷载Wind pressure resistance 抗风压Triangle 三角形三角形物三角板Triangular 三角形的Rectangle 矩形Rectangular 矩形的长方形的Round 圆形的球形的圆筒形的圈状的圆形物球环Project name technical words for export-importWaybill 货运单Air waybill 航空运单All risks 一切陷Allow 允许承认Amount 总价Total price 总价Lading 装船船货装载的货物Bill of lading B/L 提单Beneficiary 受益人Buyer 买方Carrier 承运人Certificate of fumigation 熏蒸证Cost and freight CFR 成本加运费Cost, insurance and freight CIF 到岸价Commercial invoice 商业发票Consignee 受托人收件人代销人Consigner 发货人委托人交付人Shipper 托运人发货人Container 集装箱Container/seal No. 箱号/封号Contract 合同Customs 进口税海关Customs clearance 清关Customs declaration 报关单Description of goods 品名Direct steamer 直达船Duty 税关税European main ports EMP 欧基港Estimated time of arrival ETA 预计到达时间Estimated time of departure DTD 预计离港时间Ex. Works EXW 工厂交货Full container load FCL 整箱Flight No. 航班号Free on board FOB 离岸价Forwarding agent 货运代理Franchise 免赔额Freight（---prepaid/---to be collect）运费预付运费到付Gross weight 毛重Haulage 拖车费House air waybill HAWB 分单Master air waybill MAWB 主单HS code 商品代码海关编码Import and export 进出口Insurance policy 保险单Letter of credit L/C 信用证Less than container load LCI 拼箱Logistics 物流Mark 麦头Measurement 尺寸Net weight 净重Notify party 通知方Original 正本Copy 副本Packages 件数Packing list 箱单Pallet 托盘Partial shipment 分批装运Port of destination 目的港Port of loading 装运港Premium 保险费Proforma invoice 形式发票Seller 卖方Shipping advice 发运通知Specification 规格Telegraphic transfer T/T 电汇Terms of payment 付款方式Transshipment 转运转船Unit price 单价Value added tax V AT 增值税Vessel 船V olume 体积V oyage 航程航次War risk 战争险Warehouse 仓库Prohibit 禁止阻止不允许Project name New Headquarters Building for Ministry of Interior Abutting 邻接的Affix 贴上粘上签署盖章附录附件Align 调准校直找平Ambient 周围的周围环境Astragal 半圆饰（门窗的）半圆型挡水条Barrier 障碍物栅栏屏障Butyl 丁基丁基合成橡胶Chloride 氯化物Chromate 铬酸盐Closeout 出清存货Convene 召集集合Coordinate 同等者同等物同等的并列的调整整理Council 委员会顾问班子Demountable 可卸下的Destine 指定预定注定Detergent 清洁剂去垢剂Deterioration 变坏退化磨损Deviation 背离偏离（统计上的）误差Dew 露露水露水一样的东西Discrepancy 相差差异矛盾Disrupt 使中断使分裂使瓦解Distortion 扭曲变形失真Dynamic 动力的动力学的动态的Embed 使插入使嵌入深留嵌入Endorse 在（票据）背面签名认可签署Excavation 挖掘发掘挖掘成的洞Facilities 设备工具装置机构Flexure 屈曲弯曲部分打褶Flashing 防水板遮雨板披水板Flush 大量的充足的齐平地贴合地Foam 泡沫泡沫材料泡沫塑料使起泡沫Formulation 用公式表示明确地表达作简洁陈述Fracture 使破碎使破裂Fretwork 浮雕细工Friction 摩擦摩擦力Hermetic 密封的与外界隔绝的Illustration 说明例证例子图表插图图解Impede 阻止妨碍阻碍Indemnify 赔偿Lintel 楣过梁Lubricating 润滑的Mesh 网状结构网状物网眼Moderate 中等的适度的适中的Modular 模的有标准组件的Neoprene 氯丁橡胶Shore 支柱斜撑柱用支柱撑住支持Obstruction 阻塞妨碍障碍物Oval 卵形的椭圆的卵形椭圆形Peripheral 外围的外围设备Pivot 枢轴支点枢轴的装以枢轴Polyisobutylene 聚异丁烯Polyvinyl 乙烯聚合物的Porous 多孔渗水的Perform 预先成型的预制Rectangular 矩形的Reinstate 恢复Resilient 弹回的有回弹力的Retarder 阻滞剂减速器Rigid 刚性的Sash 窗扇Static 静态的静力的Stipulate 规定保证Stud 图钉装饰纽扣大头钉Subsequence 随后Substantiation 实体化证明证实Supervision 监督管理Supplementary 辅助的Supplementaries 增补者增补物Suspended 悬浮的Tariff 关税关税表价目表价格表Template 模板Tubular 管状的Transformer 变压器Utilize 利用Unhampered 无妨碍的无阻碍的Veneer 薄板单板胶合板饰面外表Vicinity 临近附近接近Visual 看得见的Wipe 擦擦去Project name Abbreviation for New US Embassy Complex AC Architectural ConcreteACB Acoustical BoardACP Acoustic Ceiling PlankACT Acoustic TileAD Area drain Access DoorADD AddendumADJ Adjacent AdjustableAESS Architecturally Exposed Structural SteelAF Access FlooringA.F.F. Above Finished FloorAGG AggregateAIP Acoustic Infill PanelALS Acrylic Latex SealantALT AlternateALUM AluminumAP Access PanelAPPROX ApproximateARCH ArchitecturalARF Athletic Resilient FlooringASSEM AssemblyB/B Back to BackBB Bead BlastedBO BoardBETW BetweenBG Below GradeBLDG BuildingBLK BlockBLKG BlockingBLT BuiltBM BeamB.O. Bottom ofB.O.R. Bottom of RevealBOT BottomBP Base PlateBRZ BronzeBSMT BasementBULL BulletinBUR Built Up RoofingC Courses CatalogCB Catch BasinC/C Center to CenterCAB CabinetCAM CameraCAWC Cold Applied Waterproof CoatingCCN Closed Cell NeopreneCCP Closed Cell PolyethyleneCCTV Closed Circuit TelevisionCEM CementCFMF Cold Formed Metal FramingCG Corner GuardCH Coat HookCI Cast IronC.I.P. Cast In PlateCJFRN Cork Joint Filler, Resilient, Non-extruding CL Center LineCLG CeilingCLKG CalkingCLOS ClosetCLR ClearCOND CondensateCONV ConvenienceCML Corrugated MetalCMNT CementCMU Conc Masonry UnitCNTR CounterCO Cased Opening Clean OutCOL ColumnCOMP CompartmentCONC ConcreteCONN ConnectCONSTR ConstructionCONT ContinuousCORR CorridorCP Cement PlasterCPT CarpetCR Card ReaderCRC Cold Rolled ChannelCSP Combination StandpipeCT Ceramic TileCTR CenterCTSK CountersunkCWK CaseworkD DocumentDA Duress AlarmDBL DoubleDC Door ContactDEC DecorativeDET DetailDF Drinking FountainDIA DiameterDIAG DiagonalDIFF DiffuserDIM DimensionDISP DispenserDN DownD.O. Door OpeningDR DoorDW DishwasherDWG DrawingDWR DrawerE ExistingEC Elastometric CoatingEJ Expansion JointEL ElevationELEV ElevatorELEC ElectricalEMER EmergencyEMT Electrical Mechanical Tubing ENCL EnclosureENGR EngineerE.O.S. Edge of SlabEPEJF Expanded Polyethylene Joint Filler EQ EqualEQUIP EquipmentER Epoxy ResinESC EscalatorEST EstimatedEWC Elec. Water CoolerEXH ExhaustEXIST ExistingEXP ExpansionEXPO ExposedEXT ExteriorEXTR ExtrudedF FlamedFB Flat BarFBR FabricFC Floor CoatingFD Floor Drain Fire DetectorFire detection device 火警装置FDC Fire DepartmentFDN FoundationFE Fire ExtinguisherF/F Face to FaceFEC Fire Extinguisher CabinetFHV Fire Hose Valve Valve CabinetFIN FinishFL FloorFLG FlooringFLH Flat HeadFLUOR FluorescentF.O.F. Face of FinishF.O.S. Face of StudF.O.C. Face of ConcreteFPRF FireproofFPRFG FireproofingFR Fire RatedFRS Fire Retardant TreatedFS Full SizeFTG FootingFURR FurringFUT FutureFWAP Fabric Wrapped Acoustic PanelFWP Fabric Wrapped PanelGA GageGALV GalvanizedGB Grab barGDR GuardrailGFCI Government Furnished / Contractor Installed GFGI Government Furnished / Government Installed GFRG Glass Fiber Reinforced GypsumGL GlassGL BLK Glass BlockGMT Glass Mosaic TileGP Gypsum PlasterGR GradeGRAN GraniteGRND GroundGSB Gypsum Sheathing Board GSM Gross Square MeterGT GroutGV Glaze / VarnishGWB Gypsum WallboardH HighHC Hollow CoreHCT Hollow Clay TileHDPI High-Density Polystyrene Insul HDWD HardwoodHDWR HardwareHGT HeightHK HookHM Hollow MetalHNDRL HandrailHORIZ HorizontalHP High PointHR HourHS Heat StrengthenedHSS Hollow Structural SectionHVY HeavyIA Interior ArchitectureID Inside DiameterIF Inside FaceIJ Isolation JointINCL IncludeINT InteriorINSUL InsulationJAN Janitor’s RoomJT JointKD Knock DownKIT KitchenLAB LaboratoryLAD LadderLAM LaminateLA V LavatoryLG LongLH Left HandLKR LockerLM Latex ModifiedLP Low Point Light PoleLT LightLWC Light Weight ConcreteM MeterMACH MachineMAR MarbleMATL MaterialMAX MaximumMBM Modified Bituminous Membrane MD Motion DetectorMDH Magnetic Door HolderMECH MechanicalMEMB MembraneMFR ManufactureMIN MinimumMIR MirrorMISC MiscellaneousMM MillimeterM.O. Masonry OpeningMON MonitorMT Marble ThresholdMTL MetalMTD MountedMUL MullionMW MicrowaveN NewNA Not ApplicableN/E NortheastN.I.C. Not In ContractNO. NumberNOM NominalN.T.S. Not To ScaleN/W NorthwestOA OverallOC On CenterOD Overflow DrainOFD Overflow DrainOFF OfficeOG Ornamental Metal GrillO.H. Opposite HandOpposite joint 对接接头（齐）平接头OP Ornate PlasterOPNG Opening2-PUMS Two-Part Polyurethane Modified Sealant 2-PUS Two-Part Polyurethane SealantP PaintPA Planted AreaPAC Ploymerized Acrylic coatingPC Precast ConcretePDC Powder CoatingPEC Polyurethane Enamel CoatingPERF PerforatedPL PlatePLAM Plastic LaminatePLAS PlasterPLBG Plumbing 管道工程PL YWD PlywoodPMR Protected Membrane RoofingPNL PanelP.O. Private OfficePOL PolishedPR PairPRCST PrecastPREFAB PrefabicatedPRELIM PreliminaryPS Physical SecurityPSF Pounds Per Square FootPSI Pounds Per Square InchPT Pressure TreatedPTD PaintedPTDR Paper Towel Disp./Recept.PRTN PartitionPVC Polyvinyl ChloridePWP Painted Wood PanelQT Quarry TileQTY QuantityR Riser ReinstallRA Return AirRAD RadiusRB Resilient BaseRC Remote ChillerRCP Reflected Ceiling PlanRCPT ReceptacleRD Roof DrainRE ReferREF ReferenceREF. PT. Reference PointREFRIG RefrigeratorREG RegisterREINF Reinforce(ment)REQD RequiredREQNT RequirementRESIL ResilientREV ReviseRF Resilient FlooringR.F.E. Reference Floor ElevationRFG RoofingRH Right HandRJ Rustic JointRLG RailingRM RoomR.O. Rough OpeningRTD RatedRUST RusticationRVS ReverseRV Rigid VinylRWL Rain Water Leader1SRS One-part Silicone Rubberized Sealant SA Supply AirSAB Sound Attenuation BlanketSAD See Architectural DrawingsSSD See Security Dwgs.SC Solid CoreSCD See Civil Dwgs.SH ShelfSHR ShowerSHT SheetSHTG SheathingSCHED ScheduleS/E SoutheastSD Smoke DetectorSEC SecuritySECT SectionSEIS SeismicSGD See Graphics Dwgs.SID See Interior DrawingsSIM SimilarSLD See Landscape Dwgs.SM Square MeterSMD See Mechanical Dwgs.。

Professional English in Use Marketing 市场营销专业英语翻译

第三课SWOT分析【A】Before entering the marketplace it is essential（必要）to carry out（进行）a SWOT analysis. This identifies（识别，标识）the strengths and weaknesses of a product, service or company, and the opportunities and threats facing it. Strengths and weakness refer（指，参考，见，提到）to the product itself and considered as internal factors. The external factors, referring to the marketplace, are opportunities and threats.在进入市场之前开展SWOT分析是必不可少的。

这标志着一个产品，服务或公司的优势与劣势，以及面临的机会和威胁。

优势和劣势是指产品本身，视为内部因素。

外部的影响因素，指市场中的机会和威胁。

This is a SWOT analysis of PetraServe, a company which runs motorway service stations.这是一家名叫PetraServe的运作高速服务站的企业的SWOT分析。

Strengths:优势Superior（高级）distribution network – we have one of the best.高级分销网络- 我们有最好的之一。

We are the specialist（专业，专门）in long-distance petrol（汽油）needs for lorry （货车）and truck drivers – we have experience, knowledge and skill.我们在为货车和卡车司机在长途中提供汽油方面很专业- 我们有经验，知识和技能。

ProfessionalEnglish 矿井通风术语(中英对照)

V ocabulary in Mine VentilationA暗井blind pit安全(保安)措施safety measures 安全范围safe range安全警报safety alarm安全设备safety accessory安全装置safety apparatussafety applianceB饱和能力saturation ability爆破力blasting power爆炸事故explosive accident爆破/ 爆炸explosion崩落区collapse area崩落法开采区block-caved area 闭合回路close path边缘巷道outside airway并联巷道parallel heading并联作业parallel operation不透气的airproof不可压缩流体incompressible fluid捕尘能力dust-catching powerC柴油机diesel采矿工作mining activity采矿工作面片帮事故face-fall accident采空区gob area / mined-out采掘水平extracting levelmining level采取措施, 设法take measures 层流laminar flow抽出式通风exhaust ventilation充电硐室charge room串联通风series ventilation串联作业series operation串联巷道series heading垂直巷道vertical workings粗糙度coarsenessD单位重量流体的能量损失energy loss of per unit of weight of fluid 氮气nitrogen氮氧化物的nitric地压earth pressureground pressure低速风流测量low-velocity airflow measure 调度室deployment room动能差kinetic energy differential 动态参数dynamic parameter动压力/ 动压强dynamic pressure动压velocity pressure动压差dynamic pressure differential 硐室型风流room pattern airflow 独立通风/ 分区通风separate ventilation毒气中毒事故gas-poisoning accident独头巷道blind workingsblind heading断面cross section对角式通风diagonal ventilation 对流convectionE二氧化碳carbon dioxide二氧化氮nitrogen dioxide二氧化硫sulfur dioxide二氧化硅silicon dioxideF反向通风inverted ventilation防毒气anti-gas防止爆炸anti-detonation防止坠落anti-falling放矿水平draw level放炮区blast area废井abandoned well分区通风blocking ventilation分压力, 部分压力partial pressure 分支风路branch airway分支巷道branch heading风井airshaft / air pit风轮式风速计wind mill anemometer风机的构造和分类structure and classification of fan风量分配air-distribution风量平衡定律air-quantity balance law风量air-quantity / amount of air 风流边界airflow boundary风路air path风桥air-bridge / air-crossing风速计air-meter风速计/风表anemometer 风速airspeed风巷(风道)airway风压ventilation pressureair-pressure风压降air pressure drop风压平衡定律辅助(局部)通风secondary ventilationsupplementary ventilation 辅扇secondary / auxiliary fan air-pressure balance law 负气压, 空气负压力negative air pressureG高速风速计high-speed anemometer 隔离区isolated area隔墙abatis工业事故industrial accident 工作原理principle of work工作区(工地)workplace工作面通风face ventilationface airing工作强度power of work固定边界regular boundary贯穿通风through ventilation 罐笼井cage shaft硅肺病silicosisH含尘空气dusty air含氧酸oxygen acid恒压constant pressure横巷cross level洪水位flood level回风井up-cast shaft, up-cast pit 回采工作面working face回采巷道breakage heading回风巷道return heading混合井combined shaft火区burning area火灾警报fire alarmJ基本原理basic principle基准面basal level / datum level 箕斗井skip shaft技术参数technical parameter机械能mechanical energy架线式电机车运输巷道haulage-way角联通风网路diagonal ventilation network 节点joint进风井downcast shaft, cold pit；进风巷道intake workings；intake airway；进风inlet air / intake air尽头巷道blind room金属矿metal mine紧急通风emergency ventilation；井底车场shaft-bottom;井下空气调节air-conditioning井下空气underground air井下火灾事故mine fire accident 净面积neat area / net area静压差static pressure differential 静水压力static pressure静止状态stationary state局扇local fan 局部阻力local resistance局部气流速度local airspeed；局部通风local ventilation；绝对压力, 绝对压强absolute pressure绝对静压absolute static pressure 绝对湿度absolute humidityK开采区mining area开拓巷道development heading抗爆、抗震antiknock空气调节air-conditioning空气密度压力air-density pressure 空气测量, 通风测量air measure 空气静压static air pressure控制噪声noise abatement控制通风controlled ventilation矿井涌水事故mine flooding accident矿内空气/ 井下空气mine air矿山安全设备mine safety appliance矿井通风阻力曲线mine resistance curve矿井通风网路ventilation network；矿井通风阻力mine resistance矿井自然通风mine natural ventilation矿山(矿井)通风mine ventilation；扩散通风diffusion ventilation；L拉底水平floor level联络风巷air room联合通风系统/ 混合式通风系统combined ventilation离心式风机centrilation fan,wheel-type fan硫磺sulfur硫sulphur硫酸sulphuric硫化物sulphide硫化氢hydrogen sulphide流态fluid state流体动压hydrodynamic pressure流体压力, 流体静压fluid pressure漏风fugitive air / leakage air露点dewpointM冒顶事故roof- fall accident摩擦系数friction coefficient摩擦阻力friction resistance摩擦阻力定律friction resistance lawN能量方程式energy equation粘附力adhesive power浓度consistencyP排水巷道drainage workings排尘系统dust-exhaust system 炮烟toxic smoke平硐free level / adit平均功率mean power坡度阻力grade/slope resistance 破碎水平breaking level 破碎车间crusher roomQ热线风速计hot-wire anemometer 气流air-current气流air-steam, airflow气流测量, 风流测量airflow measure轻伤事故minor accident倾斜巷道inclined workings全压total pressureR人工通风artificial ventilation；S扇风机特性曲线fan performance curve扇风机(机械)通风fan ventilation扇风机静压fan static pressure扇风机速度压力,(扇风机出风口平均速度) fan velocity pressure 上行(上向)通风upward ventilation上行风桥overcast air-bridge设计原理principle of design设计参数design parameter生产平巷production heading湿度humidity湿空气moist air湿气damp石门水平crosscut level输入功率input power输出功率output power水平巷道level workings死亡事故fatal accidentT特征参数characteristic parameter 特性曲线characteristic curve停滞stagnant停滞空气stagnant air通风小巷air head；通风平巷air heading；通风测量, 通风测定ventilation measurement通风压力降air pressure drop通风平巷, 通风水平ventilation level通风网络结构ventilation network structure 通风动力ventilation power通风阻力ventilation resistance通风平硐air adit统计参数statistical parameter统一通风unity ventilation突然扩大sudden expansion突然缩小sudden reduceW弯道阻力curve resistance位能差potential energy differential 位置高差potential pressure未污染的空气uncontaminated air 紊流turbulent flow稳定流能量方程式static flow energy equation 稳定流steady flow温度计thermometer温差thermal differential 污浊空气contaminated air/foul air 无尘空气dust-free air无风的airlessX陷落区caved area相对湿度relative humidity相对静压relative static pressure 相似原理principle of similitude 相似参数similarity parameter巷道workings巷道型风流lane pattern airflow 巷道掘进heading advance巷道片帮事故side falling accident硝酸nitric acid新鲜空气fresh air稀释dilute吸水井absorbing well；吸收功率absorbed power吸引力attractive power下部水平bottom level下行风桥under-cast air-bridge性能参数performance parameterY压力降, 压差differential pressure 压能差pressure energy differential压入与抽出联合通风系统combined pressure andexhaust ventilation压入式通风blowing ventilation 压缩空气compressed air氧化oxidate氧气oxygen氧气罩oxygen mask叶式风速计vane anemometer一氧化碳carbon monoxide易燃的inflammable抑制粉尘dust abatement隐患near accident应急措施emergency measures有效面积effective area诱导(人工)通风induced ventilation；有毒的noxious有效措施effective measures运输巷道going heading；运输水平haulage level有效功率effective / active / actual powerZ责任事故human element accident 炸药库powder room炸药explosive真空vacuum正面阻力head resistance正压(常压); 法向压力normal pressurepositive pressure支巷branch heading窒息suffocate中间平巷, 中间水平intermediate level中央通风central ventilation中央式通风middle ventilation中速风流测量moderate velocity airflow measure中毒poisoning / toxicosis 主回风巷道main return airway 主进风巷道main intake airway 主风巷道main airway主平巷gallery heading主平硐main adit主扇main fan主要开采水平principal mining level主运输巷道main haulage-way 轴流式风机axial fan,propeller-type fan转杯式风速计cup-type anemometer转叶式风速计swinging-vane anemometer 自然通风natural ventilation；自然通风压力natural-draft pressure,natural ventilation pressure 自救呼吸器self-rescue总面积gross area总体布置general arrangement 总压力(全压=静压力+速度压力)total pressure。

Professional English for Chemical Engineering(化工专业英语)-7

这类机器包括所有的金属切削机床。其作用在于能连续切削多余的备件，即尺寸逐渐缩小，知道符合规定的大小为止。但这类机器不包括金属板加工机，金属成型机与锻压机。
变序法
所谓变序法就是改变原句的顺序，汉译时符合中文由远及近，层层展开，最后画龙点睛的表达习惯。这就需要将原文从中间断开，原句的句首内容s of oil are refined locally at Abadan, Iran, in Bahrain and elsewhere. 大量的石油是就地炼制的，就在伊朗的阿巴丹、巴林以及这个地区的其他地方进行。
Currently most solar cells are made from crystals of high-purity silicon. 目前，绝大多数太阳能电池是用高纯度的硅晶体制成的。
现代科学的一切成就不仅提供了能够承受高温高压的材料，而且也提供了新的工艺过程。依靠现代科学的这些成就，我们相信完全可以制造出这样的人造卫星。
拆离法
所谓拆离法，就是将长句中的某些成分，如词、词组或从句等，从句子主干中拆开，不按原序翻译，而是另行处理，以便总体安排。
一般来说，描述什么地方发生、存在或消失了什么事物的英语被动句，以及表示观点、态度、告诫、要求、号召等的被动句，翻译时常常采用无主语句。这是，动词前往往加上“把”、 “使”、“将”、“对”等助词
If a 10-kilogram box is lifted one meter the work done is 10 kilogram-meters. 如果把一只重10公斤的箱子升高一米，则所做的功为10公斤/米
译成无主语的主动句 Quality and safety must be guaranteed first 首先要保证质量和安全

Computer+Professional+English

Network protocols
Data transmission
The Internet transmits data through various transmission media such as fiber optic, copper wire, wireless, etc. Data needs to pass through a series of network devices (such as routers, switches, etc.) during transmission, which are responsible for forwarding and routing data.
Importance
Viruses and words
These are programs that can spread quickly and cause damage to computer systems and networks
Spyware and adware
These are programs that can steel personal information, track user behavior, or display unwanted advertisements
The Internet is composed of various types of networks, including local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), wide area networks (WANs), etc. These networks are connected together through network devices such as routers and switches, forming a vast network system.

谈谈你对专业英语的看法英文范文

谈谈你对专业英语的看法英文范文Professional English plays a crucial role in today's world. It is not just a language, but a tool that connects people from different cultures and backgrounds. 专业英语在当今世界中扮演着至关重要的角色。

它不仅是一种语言，更是连接来自不同文化和背景的人们的工具。

In the business world, proficiency in professional English can openup countless opportunities for career advancement. It allows individuals to communicate effectively with colleagues, clients, and partners from around the globe. 在商业世界中，对专业英语的精通可以为职业发展开辟无数机会。

它使个人能够有效地与世界各地的同事、客户和合作伙伴进行沟通。

Furthermore, in the academic arena, a strong command of professional English is essential for success. It enables students and researchers to publish their work in reputable journals, present at international conferences, and collaborate with peers from different countries. 此外，在学术领域中，对专业英语的扎实掌握对于成功至关重要。

2023年专业四级英语考试真题

2023年专业四级英语考试真题全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hi guys, today I want to talk about the Professional English Level 4 exam in 2023. It was super tough, but I think I did pretty well. Let me tell you all about it!First off, the reading section was so hard. I had to read these super long passages and answer questions about them. It was crazy! I had to really focus and pay attention to all the details. But I think I did okay, I just hope I got most of the answers right.Next up was the listening section. This was even trickier! I had to listen to people talking and answer questions about what they said. Sometimes they spoke really fast and I had to really concentrate to understand them. It was tough, but I think I managed to get most of the answers right.Then came the writing section. I had to write an essay on a given topic. I chose to write about my dream job and why I wanted to do it. It was fun to write about something I'm passionate about, but I had to make sure my grammar and spelling were perfect. I hope the examiners like my essay!Finally, the speaking section. This was the scariest part for me! I had to talk to the examiner about different topics and answer their questions. I was so nervous, but I tried to relax and speak clearly. I hope I did a good job and impressed them with my English skills.Overall, the exam was really challenging, but I think I did my best. I'll have to wait a few weeks to get my results, but I'm keeping my fingers crossed that I passed. Wish me luck, guys! Thanks for listening to my story about the Professional English Level 4 exam in 2023. Bye!篇2Title: My Experience Taking the 2023 Professional English Level 4 ExamYesterday was a big day for me - I took the Professional English Level 4 Exam! It was super important because passing this exam is a requirement for me to graduate from school. I wanted to share with you all about my experience taking the exam.First of all, the exam was held in a huge hall with rows and rows of desks. There were so many students there, all nervouslyfidgeting in their seats. I felt a bit scared too, to be honest. But I kept telling myself to stay calm and just do my best.The exam had four sections: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. The listening part was probably the easiest for me because I love listening to English songs and watching English movies. I could understand most of the audio clips they played, so I felt pretty confident about that section.Next was the reading part, where we had to read some passages and answer questions about them. This was a bit trickier for me because some of the vocabulary was really difficult. But I tried my best to guess the meanings of the words I didn't know and managed to finish the section in time.After the reading section came the writing part, where we had to write an essay on a given topic. I had practiced writing essays in class, so I felt prepared for this part. The topic was about the importance of education, and I wrote about how education can help people achieve their dreams.Finally, it was time for the speaking section. I was a bit nervous about this part because I'm not very good at speaking in front of others. But I tried to sound confident and answered the questions as best as I could. The examiners were really nice and encouraging, which helped me relax a bit.Overall, I think I did pretty well on the exam. I hope I pass because I worked really hard to prepare for it. Even if I don't pass this time, I won't give up. I'll keep studying and practicing English because I know how important it is for my future.Taking the 2023 Professional English Level 4 Exam was a challenging but rewarding experience. I learned a lot from it and I'm proud of myself for trying my best. I hope my results will be good, but even if they're not, I know that I've gained valuable skills that will help me in the future.篇3Title: My Experience of the 2023 Professional English Level Four ExamHey guys, today I want to tell you about my experience of the 2023 Professional English Level Four Exam. It was a big deal because I had been studying really hard for it and I wanted to pass with flying colors!The exam had different sections like listening, reading, writing, and speaking. The listening part was tricky because they played recordings of people speaking in English and we had to answer questions about what they said. I had practiced a lot bylistening to English songs and watching English movies, so I felt pretty confident.Next was the reading section where we had to read passages and answer questions. Some of the words were really hard, but I remembered to always read the questions first so I could look for the answers in the text. It was a good tip that my teacher had told me.The writing part was next and I had to write an essay about my favorite hobby. I chose to write about playing soccer because I love it so much. I made sure to use lots of adjectives and descriptive words to make my essay interesting.Finally, the speaking part was a bit nerve-wracking. We had to talk to the examiner about a topic for a few minutes. I talked about my last vacation and all the fun things I did. I tried to speak clearly and confidently, even though I was a bit nervous.After the exam was over, I felt relieved but also nervous to get my results. I had to wait a few weeks, but when they finally came, I was so happy because I had passed with a high score! I was so proud of myself for all the hard work I had put in.So, guys, if you're studying for the Professional English Level Four Exam, just remember to practice a lot, stay calm, and believe in yourself. You can do it! Good luck!篇4Hi everyone! Guess what? I just took the Professional English Four Exam in 2023 and I want to tell you all about it!The test had three main parts: listening, reading, and writing. The listening part was super fun because we got to listen to a lot of different people speaking in English. Some of them had really cool accents! One person even sounded like they were from Australia!Next up was the reading part. We had to read a bunch of articles and answer questions about them. Some of the articles were about climate change and technology. It was pretty interesting stuff!Finally, we had to write an essay in the last part of the exam. I wrote about my dream job and what I would do to achieve it. It was a lot of fun to write about something I'm passionate about.Overall, I think I did pretty well on the exam. I studied a lot and practiced my English every day leading up to the test. I can't wait to get my results back and see how I did!If you're thinking about taking the Professional English Four Exam in the future, my advice to you is to practice, practice, practice! The more you practice, the more confident you'll feel on test day. Good luck!篇5Yo guys, guess what? I just took the 2023 Professional English Level 4 exam and boy was it tough! But like, I survived it and I'm here to spill all the deets for y'all. So grab some snacks and get ready to hear all about it!The reading section was no joke, fam. There were a bunch of articles about like, global warming and technology and stuff. I had to read real fast and answer questions about what the main idea was and what the details were. It was kinda hard, not gonna lie, but I think I did okay.Then there was the listening part, where they played all these recordings and I had to answer questions about them. Some of them were really fast and I had to concentrate hard tocatch all the words. But hey, I think I nailed it, or at least I hope I did!The writing section was cray cray, guys. I had to write an essay about my favorite book and why it's important to me. I chose "Harry Potter", obvs, because who doesn't love a good magic story? I poured my heart out in that essay, hoping the graders would see how much I adore the series.Last but not least, there was the speaking part. I had to talk about a topic for like, two minutes straight. I chose to talk about my dream vacation to Hawaii, 'cause who wouldn't wanna chill on the beach with a coconut drink, right? I rambled on and on about snorkeling and hula dancing and all that fun stuff.So yeah, that's the tea on the 2023 Professional English Level 4 exam. It was pretty tough, but I think I did alright. Now I just gotta wait for my results and see if I passed. Fingers crossed,y'all!篇6Title: My Funny Experience in the 2023 Professional Level Four English TestHello everyone! Today I want to share with you about my funny experience in the 2023 Professional Level Four English Test. It was a really interesting day and I can't wait to tell you all about it!First of all, let me give you a little background information. The test was held in a big hall with lots of desks and chairs. We had to bring our own pencils and erasers, and of course, our English skills. I was really nervous at first because I wanted to do well, but I also wanted to have a good time.The test had four sections: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. The listening part was probably the hardest for me because I always have trouble understanding different accents. But I tried my best and I think I did okay.The reading section was a bit easier for me because I love reading in English. I had to read some articles and answer questions about them. I was happy because I knew most of the answers.The writing part was my favorite because I love writing stories. I had to write a short essay about my favorite holiday and why I like it. I wrote about Christmas and all the fun things I do with my family. It was so much fun!The speaking section was the most nerve-wracking for me because I had to talk in front of the whole class. I had to answer some questions and talk about a topic for two minutes. I was really scared, but I did it and everyone clapped for me at the end.In the end, I was so happy because I did my best and had a great time. I didn't care about the score because I knew I had worked hard. The whole experience was so funny and I will never forget it.So that's my funny experience in the 2023 Professional Level Four English Test. I hope you enjoyed hearing about it as much as I enjoyed sharing it with you. Thank you for listening!篇7Title: My Professional Level 4 English TestHey guys, can you believe it’s finally 2023? Time flies so fast! Today I want to share with you all about my experience taking the Professional Level 4 English Test. It was quite an adventure!First off, let me tell you that I was so nervous before the test.I had been preparing for months, but I still felt like I didn't know enough. The test was divided into different sections, like listening, reading, writing, and speaking. I was most worriedabout the speaking part because I'm not very confident in my pronunciation.During the listening part, we had to listen to different conversations and answer questions about them. Some of the conversations were really fast, and I had to really concentrate to catch everything they were saying. But I think I did pretty well on this part because I’ve been watching a lot of English movies and TV shows to improve my listening skills.Next was the reading section, where we had to read passages and answer questions about them. Some of the passages were quite long and complicated, but I tried my best to understand them. I made sure to take my time and read carefully so that I could answer the questions accurately.The writing section was a bit challenging for me because we had to write an essay on a given topic. I had to brainstorm ideas, organize my thoughts, and write coherently. I was worried about making grammar mistakes and spelling errors, but I tried to stay calm and focused on expressing my ideas clearly.Finally, the speaking part arrived, and I was really nervous. We had to make a presentation on a topic of our choice and answer questions from the examiner. I chose to talk about my favorite hobby, which is drawing. I practiced my speech manytimes at home, but I still stumbled over some words during the actual test. However, the examiner was very kind and encouraging, which helped me relax and do my best.After the test was over, I felt a mix of relief and excitement. I knew I had put in a lot of effort, and I was proud of myself for completing the test. Now I just have to wait for the results to see how I did. I hope I passed with flying colors!Overall, taking the Professional Level 4 English Test was a challenging yet rewarding experience. It pushed me out of my comfort zone and tested my English skills in different ways. I learned a lot from preparing for the test, and I know that no matter what the results are, I have grown as a student and as a person.Alright, that’s all for now. I’ll keep you guys updated on my results, so stay tuned for the next chapter of my English learning journey! Keep studying hard and never give up on your dreams. The sky's the limit! Bye-bye!篇8Title: My Experience Taking the 2023 Professional Fourth Level English ExamGuys, guess what? I just took the 2023 Professional Fourth Level English Exam and I want to tell you all about it! So grab a snack and sit tight, because I have a lot to share with you.First of all, let me tell you about the exam format. It had four sections: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. The listening part was super cool because we got to listen to different accents from all over the world. There were British, American, Australian, and even some other accents I couldn't quite place. It was a bit tricky to understand at first, but I think I did pretty well overall.Next up was the reading section. We had to read a bunch of passages and answer some questions about them. Some of the passages were really interesting, like one about space travel and another one about endangered animals. I love reading, so this part was actually kind of fun for me.The writing section was a bit tougher. We had to write an essay about a problem in society and propose a solution for it. I chose to write about pollution and suggested some ways we can reduce it, like using less plastic and recycling more. It was hard to come up with ideas, but I think I did okay in the end.Finally, there was the speaking section. We had to answer some questions and talk about a given topic for a couple of minutes. I was really nervous for this part, but the examinerswere really nice and made me feel comfortable. I think I did pretty well, although I did stumble over my words a few times.Overall, I had a great time taking the exam. It was challenging, but also really fun. I learned a lot of new words and phrases, and I feel more confident speaking English now. I can't wait to see my results and find out how I did. Wish me luck, guys!Well, that's all from me for now. I hope you enjoyed hearing about my experience taking the 2023 Professional Fourth Level English Exam. If any of you are thinking about taking it in the future, I say go for it! It's a great opportunity to improve your English skills and challenge yourself. Thanks for listening, guys!篇9Hi guys! Today I wanna share with you the Professional Fourth-Level English Exam in 2023. The exam was super challenging, but I think I did pretty well, so let me tell you all about it!First off, the listening part was intense. There were lots of different accents and the speakers talked really fast. But luckily, I practiced a lot beforehand, so I was able to pick up most of what they were saying. They talked about stuff like global warming,social media, and even space exploration! It was so cool to learn about all those things in English.Next up was the reading part, and let me tell you, it was no joke. The passages were super long and had a ton of difficult vocabulary. I had to read really carefully and make sure I understood every word. But I pushed through and managed to answer all the questions correctly. It was tough, but I felt really proud of myself for getting through it.The writing section was probably the hardest part for me. I had to write an essay about my opinion on technology in education. I had to come up with my own ideas and support them with examples. It was a lot of work, but I think I did a pretty good job. I wrote about how technology can be both helpful and harmful in the classroom, and how we need to find a balance between the two.Overall, the exam was a real challenge, but I think I did my best. I studied hard and practiced a lot, so I felt pretty confident going into it. I just hope all my hard work paid off and I get a good score. Fingers crossed!That's all for now, guys. Thanks for listening to my little recap of the Professional Fourth-Level English Exam in 2023. I hope youfound it interesting and maybe even a little helpful for when you take the test yourself. Good luck, and happy studying!篇10Yo! What's up guys! Today I wanna talk about the professional Cet-4 English exam in 2023, it was soooo fun!First of all, the listening part was like super easy peasy lemon squeezy. The teacher just played some tapes and we had to write down the answers, easy as pie! I heard some cool music and even got to hear a conversation between some peeps talking about their weekend plans, so chill!Next, the reading part was kinda tricky, but I totally nailed it. There were some passages about history, science, and even literature. I had to read carefully and answer some questions, but it wasn't too bad. I even learned some new vocab words like "civilization" and "experiment", so cool!The writing part was the bomb! I had to write an essay about my favorite hobby, which is playing soccer. I talked about how it keeps me active and helps me make friends, it was so much fun to write about something I love. I also had to write a short paragraph about a famous person I admire, I chose Taylor Swift because she's such a boss babe!Overall, the Cet-4 exam was a blast! I can't wait to see my score and show off my English skills. I'm gonna keep studying and improving so I can totally crush it next time. Peace out!。

美丽的职业英语作文带翻译

美丽的职业英语作文带翻译Title: The Beauty of Professional English。

In today's globalized world, being proficient in professional English has become a valuable asset for individuals seeking success in their careers. The ability to communicate effectively in English opens up a world of opportunities and allows professionals to connect with colleagues, clients, and partners from different parts of the world. In this essay, we will explore the beauty of professional English and how it can enhance one's career prospects.First and foremost, mastering professional English enables individuals to access a wealth of knowledge and information that is available in English. Whether it is reading industry reports, attending international conferences, or collaborating with experts in the field, being able to understand and communicate in English is essential for staying informed and up-to-date in today'sfast-paced business environment. Additionally, English is the language of the internet, with a vast amount of resources and information available online in English. By being proficient in professional English, individuals can leverage these resources to enhance their skills and expertise in their respective fields.Furthermore, professional English is crucial for building strong relationships and networking with professionals from different cultural backgrounds. Intoday's interconnected world, businesses are increasingly operating on a global scale, and the ability to communicate effectively with colleagues, clients, and partners from diverse cultural backgrounds is essential for success. By speaking and writing in professional English, individuals can bridge cultural gaps and build trust and rapport with their counterparts, leading to more successful collaborations and partnerships.Moreover, professional English is essential for advancing one's career and achieving professional growth. In many industries, English proficiency is a keyrequirement for career advancement, as it enablesindividuals to take on roles that require communicationwith international clients or colleagues. By mastering professional English, individuals can expand their career opportunities and take on leadership roles that require strong communication skills in English. Additionally, being proficient in professional English can enhance one's credibility and reputation in the industry, as it demonstrates a commitment to excellence and professionalism.In conclusion, the beauty of professional English liesin its ability to open doors to new opportunities, enhance communication and relationships, and drive career growth.By mastering professional English, individuals can position themselves for success in today's globalized world and achieve their career goals. As such, investing in improving one's professional English skills is a wise decision that can pay dividends in the long run. So, let's embrace the beauty of professional English and unlock the endless possibilities it offers for career advancement and success.翻译，在当今全球化的世界中，精通专业英语已成为追求职业成功的个人的宝贵资产。

针对专业英语学习收获及学习建议写作文

针对专业英语学习收获及学习建议写作文Title: Achievements and Study Suggestions for Professional English LearningProfessional English learning is an essential part of academic and career development for many students. In this essay, I will discuss the achievements and study suggestions for professional English learning based on my personal experience and observations.First and foremost, one of the most significant achievements in professional English learning is the improvement in language proficiency. Through dedicated study and practice, students can enhance their vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation, which are crucial for effective communication in academic and professional settings. Additionally, the exposure to various technical terms and industry-specific jargon contributes to a deeper understanding of specialized fields, thereby broadening the knowledge base.Furthermore, professional English learning fosters critical thinking and analytical skills. The process of comprehending complex texts, writing research papers, and engaging in discussions on specialized topics enhances cognitive abilities. Students are encouraged to think critically, evaluate information, and express their ideas coherently, which are vital skills for academic success and professional growth.In addition, the ability to communicate confidently and effectively in professional English is a significant achievement. Mastering professional English empowers individuals to present their ideas persuasively, participate in debates, and deliver presentations with confidence. This proficiency is crucial for success in academic pursuits, job interviews, and career advancement.Despite these achievements, there are several key study suggestions that can further enhance professional English learning. Firstly, students should actively engage with authentic materials such as academic journals, industry reports, and professional publications. This exposure allows them to familiarize themselveswith the language used in their field of study or work, enabling a more comprehensive understanding of the subject matter.Secondly, regular practice through speaking and writing is essential for proficiency in professional English. Students should participate in discussions, debates, and presentations to hone their verbal communication skills. Additionally, frequent writing tasks, such as essays and reports, help improve writtenexpression and language accuracy.Moreover, seeking feedback from teachers, peers, or language professionals can provide valuable insights for improvement. Constructive criticism and guidance on language usage, style, and delivery can significantly contribute to the development of professional English skills.Furthermore, integrating technology into language learning can be highly beneficial. The use of language learning apps, online resources, and multimedia tools can make the learning process more engaging and effective. These technological aids provide interactive learning experiences and facilitate self-study, thereby supplementing traditional classroom instruction.In conclusion, professional English learning yields various achievements, including enhanced language proficiency, critical thinking skills, and effective communication abilities. By actively engaging with authentic materials, practicing language skills, seeking feedback, and integrating technology, students canfurther optimize their professional English learning experience. Ultimately, the acquisition of professional English proficiency is instrumental in academic success and career advancement.Overall, professional English learning is a dynamic and rewarding journey that equips individuals with the language and communication skills necessary for success in their chosen fields. Through dedication, practice, and a proactive approach to learning, students can maximize their potential and achieveproficiency in professional English.。