牛津高二下U1课文
牛津高中英语模块1课文翻译
牛津高中英语模块1课文翻译M1 U1 Reading School life in the UK 在英国的学校生活Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and excitingexperience for me. 在英国上了一年的中学对我来说是一段非常令人愉快和兴奋的经历。
I was very happy with the school hours in Britain because school starts around 9a.m. and ends about 3.30 p.m. 我很喜欢英国中学的作息时间，因为学校每天上午大约9点上课，下午大约3点半放学。
This meansI could get up an hour later than usual, as schools in China begin before 8 a.m. 这意味着我每天可以比以往晚一个小时起床，因为在中国学校每天上午8点之前就开始上课了。
On the first day, all of the newstudents attended an assembly in the school hall. 开学第一天，所有的新生都去学校礼堂参加晨会。
I sat next to a girl whose name was Diana. We soon became bestfriends. 我当时坐在一个名叫黛安娜的女孩身边。
我们很快就成了最好的朋友。
During the assembly, the headmaster told us about the rules of the school. 在晨会上，校长向我们宣布了校规。
He also told us that the best way to earn respect was todevote ourselves to study and achieve high grades. This sounded like my school inChina. 他还告诉我们，赢得尊重的最佳途径就是专心学习并取得好成绩。
牛津高中英语模块一课文原文
U2 Reading Home aloneAct one1.Mom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected The. curtain s are closed and the living room is dark when Mom and Dad enter.Dad: It’ s so nice to be home!Mom: Yes, 2.I can’t wait tosurprise the boys!Suddenly a door opens and a soccer ball flies through the room. Eric3. runs in after it, followed by a big dog, walking very slowly.Eric: Mom! Dad! You ’ re back early! (looking around room, sounding frihtened) But, but--- 4. you weren’t supposed ctome home until tomorrow!The dog slowly walks to Mom and Dad.Mom: (bend ing to touch dog) Eric, he ’s so tired and hungry! (looking5.at The table)money for dog food is gone,but Spot looks like he is starving! What did you do with the cash we left? Dad: And look at this room—garbage all over the place! Where is your brother? (shouting angrily) Daniel!Daniel: (running into room) Mom, Dad, I can explain---Dad opens the curtains and light comes into the room6..The room is in a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink In. the corner, there is a garbage can around which are pieces of garbage and waste paper.Mom and Dad both turn towards Daniel.Dad: (sounding very angry) listen to me, young man--7.we left you in charge?We thought you could act like an adult, but look at the mess! 8. I don’t know the reasonwhy the house is so dirty-- -Mom: Daniel, we thought you were an adult, a person who could make good decisions... Dad: How can we trust you any more? 9.We won’ttolerate such behavior in our family! Daniel: ( shouting) Stop shouting at me. I ’mstill a teenager! Why is everything always my fault? Daniel runs into his bedroom and shuts the door angrily. 10.Mom and Dad look at each other as lights go out.Act two, scene oneDaniel and Eric s’bedroom. Eric sits on his bed. 11.Daniel has his arms crossedand looks upset.Daniel: 12.They never even gave me a chance to defend myself.Ihate them!Eric: You don ’t hate them.I can tell them we had an emergency. Then they won’t be mad any more.Daniel: No, don ’t tell them anything13..Anyhow they didn’trust me. 14.They don’t deservean explanation. Let them think what they want.Eric: But Daniel, if they knew that Spot was sick and we used the money to take him to the clinic---Daniel: And that we spent all of yesterday waiting there for him and that is why we had no timeto clean the house -- but no, Eric, why didn ’askttheyme what happened instead of shouting at me?Act two, scene twoMom:Do you think we were too hard on Daniel? Perhaps there is a reasonwhy the house is a messDad: Maybe, but 15.now that he has been so rude to us, I feel like we have to punish him or he won’respect us.Mom: Oh, why does this have to be sodifficult?End of act two.Project ---Growing painsMany teenagers feel lonely, as if no one understands them and the changes they are going through. Day by day, everythingseems different, yet the same. Life never seems to be going fast enough; yet, in other ways, like a race car, life seems to be rushing too fast and even going out of control. Has anyone else ever felt this way?These feelings are a common part of adolescence—the time of life between child and adult. And, though it may sometimes be difficult to believe, you are not alone—1.every adult has gone through adolescence,and your friends are going through it right now along with you.2.It is common for teenagers to feel lonely and misunderstood.These feelings can be thought of as growing pains—the difficulties that teenagers face as they grow to adults.As teenagers grow, it is normal for them to become confused with the changing worldboth inside and outside of them.During adolescence, teenagers go through great physical changes. They grow taller and their voices get deeper,among many other developments.3.Along with these physical changes, there come many psychologicalchanges.4.Boys and girls tend to be different in this regard. Many boys become risk-takers—they want to find their own limits and the limits of the world around them, but maynot have the wisdom to make good choices in their behavior. At the same time, girls often want someone–anyone–to talk to, as they try to deal with their strong feelings.5.In the social world, as teenagers get older, they struggle to depend on themselves.They may badly want and need their parents ’ love,feel yet distant; they maywant to be part of the group, yet desire independence.Since 6.teenagershave difficulty balancing these needs, they often questionwho they are and how they fit in society.The good news is that these kinds of growing pains do not last.7.In the end everything turns out OK—the teenager becomes a healthy adult, and this period of change and challenge is traded for the changes and challenges of grown-up life.Unit 3 Reading Dying to be thin⋯Hi Zhou LingHow are you? I haven heard’t from you for weeks. Is everything OK with you?Do you still go to the gym every day? I used to go to the gym three times a week, but1.I don’workt out any more. I know another way to stay slim. Looking good is important to women, isn ’ t it? Most young women w a nt slim figure these days,especially here inCanada2..I ’ m trying tolose weightbecause I ’m ashamed of my body. 3.Since I ’mpreparing to act in a new TV show, I taking’m weight-loss pills called Fat-Less, which are quite popular among young women here. I hope to lose at least 10 kilograms. I take two pills a day and don need to exercise.4.The pills really work! I’m becoming slimmer and slimmer’. ve I lost7 kilograms in thelast two months.However, sometimes I don’t f energetic elso.My mother, who you met last year,keeps telling me not to take them because they are dangerous. She says health is the most important thing, and I agree, but then I look so slim at the momen t.Write soon!Love AmyDear Zhou :Things change so quickly!5. I’m now in hospitalrecovering from liver failure. Iregret taking those weight-loss pills. 6They contain a harmful chemical that caused my liver to fail. The pills were going to completely destroy my liver if I continued taking them. 7.My mother insisted on sending me to the hospital, where I received good medical treatment.It was a really painful experience, but I’m feeling better now Ifollow.my doctor’s advice and exercise for at least half an hour every day (but I seldom go to the gym!), and eat lots of fruit and vegetables. People should look after their bodies. My mother is right:8don’damaget your health for a slim and attractive figure.It isn ’t worth We it. shouldn’t be ashamedof the way we look, should we?I hope to hear from you soon.Love AmyDear Amy 9My computer was broken so I couldn sorry to hear about your problem, but I’t read your two-mailse until today. I’m so’ m glad you’ re feeling bettering. and are recYou’ re right10. We shouldn’t beembarrassed about our weight.11I think you look greatas you are, and you’re wonderful person. I know the at pressure to stay slim is a problem, especially for an actress. However, your mother knows best: nothing is more important than health.It ’s the same in China–12. many people, some of whom are not overweight at all, are always going on a diet or taking weight-loss pills, which are often dangerous. I hope they can learn from your story. Love Zhou LingProjectThe truth is, diet and way of life are often a problem for teenagers. However, the good news is that you can feel better, look better and have more energy if you eat the right food and exercise regularly.1.Healthy eating along with regular exercise is probably the only way to become fit. Diets are useless in the long term,yet approximately 20% of teenagers say they have tried goingon a diet and skipping meals to control their weight. If you eat properly and exercise regularly, you will lose weight, keep fit and feel great.As a teenager, it is important to give your body the energy it needs. If you skip meals,you don ’t get enough energy, and then you feel tired. For a healthy diet, you should eat mostly rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. You also need to drink a lot of water—six to eight glasses a day. Water helps keep your system clean. Drinking enough water will improve your skin and give you healthy hair.Exercise is something that can help to make you look good, feel good and be healthy.2Experts suggest that teenagers spend at least 30 minutes exercising,five times a week. That is easy to do! 3Walking and riding your bike count, and so do school sports Often,. teenagers give up sport, saying they have no time left after their studies. Many teenagers are surprised to learn that when you exercise, your body produces some chemicals that make you feel peaceful and relaxed and increase your ability to concentrate when you study. These chemicals can even help you sleep better at night.4.A good amount of sleep every night is also important for your health.When you sleep,5.your body prepares you for the day to come Teenagers. need eight to ten hours of sleep each night. 6As a matter of fact, loss of sleep can make you look tired, and even cause you to gai weight.7If you follow the suggestions above, you will look and feel much better in no time at all.。
Unit1课文翻译素材-高中英语牛津译林版(2020)选修第二册
高中英语译林版选修二课文翻译（原文+中文翻译）Unit 1 Beware and take care当心保重ReadingFighting the hidden enemy抗击隐秘的敌人An enemy appeared without warning, attacking its unsuspecting victims with efficiency. This silent and invisible enemy moved swiftly through communities and secretly crossed borders.The world soon learnt that the enemy we faced was Covid-19.它像一部恐怖电影一样展现在我们面前。
一个致命的杀手毫无预警地出现了，以残酷的效率攻击亳无戒备的受害者。
这种沉默而无形的敌人迅速穿过社区，秘密跨越边界，一路上播下了害怕的种子。
Covid-19 is caused by a new strain of coronavirus. Once entering the body, the virus multiplies inside the cell quickly and infects neighbouring cells. Common symptoms can include fever, tiredness, a dry cough, a headache, loss of taste or smell. However, in some cases, the virus causes the body's own immune system to overreact, resulting in the body killing its own healthy cells. Consequently, the disease can become worse, causing damage to the body's organs and tissues.新冠病毒是由2019年末首次识别的一种新型冠状病毒株引起的，一旦进入人体，病毒在细胞中迅速繁殖并感染邻近细胞。
牛津高二下课文-批注版
牛津高二下Unit 1 What is beautyReading: Suffering to be beautifulRead the transcript below from a radio programme called Head to Head.Host: Good morning. Today's topic is beauty. What is beauty And, to what lengths can or should we go to make ourselves more beautiful In the studio today are two beautiful women to help answer these questions! Sue Leslie, a former model who is now a successful businesswoman, and Elizabeth Cade, a writer and lecturer. Sue, perhaps we could start with you. Is beauty importantSL: Well, first, thanks for the compliment, Mary. Now, I think that in today's world, it is important to look your best. You should watch what you eat and keep yourself fit. And if that's not enough, then cosmetic surgery can change people's lives.Host: Elizabeth, what's your viewpointEC: I think it's up to everyone to decide what is right for them, but I do feel that people should be happy with themselves, regardless of how they look. There is too much emphasis on appearance these days. Seldom do people think about the real dangers of this obsession with looks, both from eating disorders and from having cosmetic surgery. Also, many people feel unhappy because they just don't happen to fit society's current ideas of what is beautiful.Host: Since you're a historian, perhaps you could give us a brief historical perspective on this.EC: Well, there are lots of examples of societies in which people have done some horrendous things to try to make themselves look more beautiful. For instance, some European women used to have their bottom ribs removed so that they would have thin waists. Neck stretching was fashionable in some parts of South-East Asia. In Africa, there were tribes which stretched their ear lobes or lips. I think it is ridiculous that people ---usually women --- have been forced by society to endure such considerable pain and suffering.SL: So do I. But times have changed. No one forces people to come to 'Sue's Salon', my health studio. They're free to come, and they enjoy coming because after a course there, they look as if they were ten years younger. So I don't see any real point in discussing all these quaint old customs.EC: But there really is no difference between then and now! That is why today, millions of women alter their bodies. They have eye operations, facelifts and many other operations just to make other people think they are more beautiful.SL: Yes, but it's their own choice.EC: I don't agree. Society still judges people on how they look, and so forces them to worry about their appearance. Judging people by their appearance is silly. We should judge the whole person.Host: Well, I think that sets out some of the issues very well, so now, let's take our first call…More reading: For health and beautyRead the article below from a website on exercise.Aerobics is one of the most beneficial and also one of the most beautiful forms of exercise. Any physical activity that makes your pulse get quicker and your breathing get deeper is a kind of aerobic exercise. The word 'aerobic' means 'with oxygen' or 'having oxygen.' Aerobic exercise therefore aims at making the heart and lungs work at a higher rate so as to supply more oxygen to the muscles. The benefits of aerobic exercise include having a stronger heart, lower blood pressure, stronger bones, better sleep, less body fat, more energy and less stress.It is suggested that you do aerobic exercise for twenty to forty minutes, three to four times a week. Only then will you begin to reach your optimal level of general fitness. When you exercise, the speed at which your heart beats, or your pulse rate, tells you how intense your workout is. People who are not fitbut want to lose weight should keep their pulse rates low and do moderate exercise for a longer time. People who are quite fit can do exercises that require large amounts of energy. They can even compete in marathons.There are many forms of aerobic exercise, including running, swimming, cycling and skiing. Walking is the most common form of aerobic exercise. Most people do it every day! It is low intensity and is recommended for beginners. Running is suitable for almost everyone, but it is important to remember not to overdo it. You must pace yourself and always wear good quality shoes. By doing this type of balanced, relaxing exercise, our responses get quicker, our mind sharper, and we become more efficient and productive.To sum up, aerobic exercise is good for everyone. It can lead to a better quality of life!Unit 2 Laughter healsReading: A practical jokeRead this article on a humour website to see an example of a practical joke.We can define a joke as something you say that causes laughter, and a practical joke as something you do that causes laughter. A practical joke is a trick that is played on an unsuspecting victim to make him or her look silly or embarrassed.In Richard Boston's Book of Practical Jokes, the writer tells the story of a practical joke played on a Mr Potts who worked in a newspaper office. The impression that Mr Potts regarded his colleagues as inferiors made him unpopular. His co-workers decided to play a joke on him that might make him feel more humble.Now it so happened that Mr Potts always wore the same hat to work. It was a rather unpleasant-looking green colour. When he arrived at the office every morning at precisely ten o'clock, he would hang his hat on a peg near the door and proceed to his desk. When he left in the afternoon, he reversed the process. He took his hat from the peg, placed it on his head, said 'Good afternoon,' and departed for home.One day, when he was out of the room, his colleagues examined the hat very carefully. Then they went to a nearby shop and bought another hat exactly like it, but quite a bit larger. When they returned to the office, Mr Potts was still out, so they exchanged the new hat for the old one.At the end of the afternoon, Mr Potts got up to leave. When he put his hat on his head, however, it dropped down over his eyes. After he left the office, everyone roared with laughter.The next day, to everyone's surprise, Mr Potts turned up with his hat in its normal position. His colleagues were puzzled by this, and while Mr Potts was out they studied the hat carefully. They found that Mr Potts had fixed some pieces of newspaper round the inside of the hat to reduce its diameter and make it smaller.The next day they decided to take Mr Potts's old hat from the cupboard where they had concealed it. They made it smaller in the same way, and replaced the new hat with the old one. At the end of the day, Mr Potts got up to leave as usual. When he put his hat on this time, however, it stuck right on top of his head. Again, everyone roared with laughter when he left the office.Mr Potts's colleagues changed the hats every day. The result was that on alternate days he wore the big hat and then the small one. In the end, the belief that an illness was making his head change size from day to day led Mr Potts to go to a doctor. 'Nonsense,' said the doctor. 'There is no such disease.'More reading: A smile a day keeps the doctor awayRead the following leaflet about the benefits of laughter in our lives.Have you ever heard the proverb'laughter is the best medicine' Everyone knows that it is fun to laugh and that laughing makes you feel good. Now doctors and researchers are telling us that laughter is good for our health and may even prevent illnesses such as heart disease. Laughter helps reduce stress and lower blood pressure and pulse rates. It strengthens the immune system and helps us deal with pain just like real medicine does. In fact, laughter is so good for our health that laughing 100 times a day is equivalent to exercising for ten minutes on a rowing machine!Laughter is also good for our minds. When people are stressed, they watch funny films to laugh away emotions such as anger, sadness and fear. This is why laughter is increasingly being used in hospitals as a form of therapy. More and more hospitals are encouraging patients to laugh. They have started showing comedies on hospital TVs and, on the advice of doctors, clowns visit some hospitals to bring laughter to the patients.One group who arranges such visits is the Humour Foundation, an Australian charity. Set up in 1997, it runs the Clown Doctor programme. This programme uses clown doctors to help children who are ill or who have undergone surgery feel better. They cheer these children up with jokes, magic shows, songs and balloons.You cannot deny the truth that laughter is good for you. The city's hospitals are now starting their own clown doctor programme and are looking for your help. Anyone with a sense of humour and a desire to help others can apply. If you would like to volunteer, please contact the Public Health Bureau for more details. Remember --- a smile a day keeps the doctor away!Unit 3 ColoursReading: The many meanings of colourWhat do colours tell us about ourselves and the world around us Read this magazine article to find out.The study of colour and personality is a fascinating mixture of scientific fact and emotional guesswork. Swiss psychologist Max Luscher has spent most of his life studying colour, and has developed a colour test which helps explain your personality.According to Luscher, people who choose red on the test are energetic and adventurous, looking for excitement. Those who prefer blue are calm and in control, and prefer a peaceful life. Green means firmness, a dislike of change and a fear of failure. Yellow means you are open and free, ambitious and optimistic.Each colour affects us in a different way. Blue and green often remind people of peace and quiet. Blue is the colour of the sky and the sea, and green is the colour of plants and trees. People's pulse rates decrease and they feel more relaxed when they see safe and familiar colours such as blue or green. Red, however, is rare in nature. It is the colour of blood and meat, of hunting and injuries. It is also the colour of fire. It is only natural that red should make people tense. When people see the colour red, their pulse rates increase. The darkest nights are black --- a colour often associated with fear.In our daily life, colours are often used by the food industry. Next time you are in a supermarket, think about the colours around you and on the products. That food companies often use red, green, orange and yellow is not surprising. All of these are regarded as the main 'appetite' colours that help persuade people to buy more food. Fast-food restaurants often use red for two reasons. Not only does it stimulate the appetite, but it also makes people feel energetic, so that after they have eaten they will leave more quickly, thus making space for more customers.It is no secret why banks like to use more serious, restful colours such as blue, brown and green. These persuade people to think of the bank as a safe and reliable place. Yellow makes us think of sunshine and holidays, which is the reason why travel agents use it.Colours are used in flags, as well. Over 80% of countries have red --- the colour of action --- in their national flags. Light blue, which symbolizes peace,is the colour of the United Nations. Many environmental groups have chosen green, which reminds people of nature, as their colour.Colour is a powerful tool. It can be used to help us, to warn us, to relaxus, to control us and to make us buy things.More reading: Different cultures, different coloursFind out how people in different cultures think about colour by reading this leaflet for business travellers published by an international business magazine.Different cultures do not always agree on their colour associations. Depending on the country, it can make a big difference whether you wear red or white to a wedding, or what colour you wrap presents in. Therefore, it is essential that you should remember which colours are used in different circumstances in different places. In this way, you will not offend anyone or embarrass yourself.Want to impress your host on that business trip to China Red is the perfect colour for wrapping gifts. It is used on red packets and red lanterns duringthe Spring Festival, and is even the colour of wedding dresses, symbolizing happiness and prosperity.Avoid using black for gifts in the USA! Black is the colour worn to funeralsin the USA and Europe, as it is the colour of darkness and night.You could ruin a party in many Asian countries by dressing completely in white. Since it is the colour of winter, the time when plants shed their leaves and die, it is considered to be a colour of death and mourning in some countries.Don't wear white to a wedding in Europe! Only the bride should wear white, as it is a colour of virtue and purity. Stick to a formal suit and tie for men, and a smart dress for women.Travelling to Spain, Italy or Brazil Then forget about wearing purple clothes, as purple is the colour of mourning in these countries.Unpack that white coat if you're going to the USA, unless you want to be mistaken for a doctor or a nurse. They wear white in many countries because it is a calming and relaxing colour.Unit 4 Painting the worldReading: The Vincent Van Gogh exhibitionAn exhibition of some of the paintings of Vincent Fan Gogh will open at the Cultural Centre next week. Read an art critic's review of Fan Gogh's life and work.Vincent Van Gogh is probably the world's most famous painter. Many people wonder if he deserves such a reputation. Certainly, he was not a success in his lifetime. Although he produced more than 800 paintings, he sold only one, for about US $80. No gallery showed his work during his life.Few people may have even heard of him. His fame developed slowly after his death in 1890, but it has never stopped growing. One hundred years later, in 1990, a Japanese businessman paid US $82 million for one of his works --- a world record.He was born in the Netherlands in 1853. As a young man, he tried many different jobs. He worked in an art dealer's company, but he must have disliked it, because he left. He went to England and became a language teacher. Then, looking for a deeper purpose in life, he worked as a missionary among the poor in Belgium, but he quarrelled with his superiors and abandoned that career as well. Finally, he decided to become a painter.For the rest of his life, he depended on the financial support of his brother Theo, the only person who believed in his ability. For ten years, from 1880 to 1890, Van Gogh produced his best paintings, until, sadly, he took his own life.It would be easy to say that he was mad. He had difficulty getting along with people, often arguing with them. After one quarrel, in late 1888, he was so upset that he cut off part of his own ear and gave it to a young girl. Later, from 1889 to 1890, he spent a year in a mental hospital. Yet, for most of his life he was completely sane. We know this because he wrote hundreds of letters to Theo expressing his ideas and his work, and these letters show the clarity of his thinking.Does he deserve the fame he now possesses Certainly, I admire his work tremendously. His paintings are realistic, not abstract. At the same time, they are not like photographs. The bright colours and thick strokes of his paintings make the strong feelings inside him visible. Even when his subjects are flowers, trees or the sky, his paintings are full of powerful, honest emotions, emotions which finally killed him.We are undoubtedly lucky to have the chance to view these masterpieces. Van Goqh exhibitions are very rare. This is the cultural event of the decade. You may have to spend hours in the queue, but do not miss this chance --- his paintings might not come this way again for many years.More reading: The origins of artRead about the origins of art from an article in a journal on archaeologySome of the oldest artwork yet discovered was found in 1879 in Altamira, Spain. Amateur archaeologist Mareelino de Satuola and his nine-year-old daughter were investigating a cave on his property. As the father dug in the cave floor looking for ancient artefacts, his daughter Maria explored another room in the cave. Suddenly, she shouted. 'Look. Father! Bulls!' The father hurried to take a peek. On the low ceiling of the cave he found colourful paintings of a kind of bison that Satuola knew to be extinct, along with images of horses, deer and wild boar.Based on his knowledge as an archaeologist, Satuola maintained that the paintings dated from the Stone Age. However, his claims were greeted with ridicule by the scientific community. Other archaeologists thought the colours seemed too bright and the images too lifelike to have been created by ancient man. Even though other discoveries of cave paintings soon followed, it was not until 1902 that any of these finds were accepted as genuine. Researchers now believe that these cave paintings are between 10,000 and 20,000 years old.We may now know the age of the paintings, but the reason why they were created is yet a mystery. The painters may have wanted to record past hunts or tell a story, or they could have used the paintings for some kind of magical or religious purpose. We simply do not know. However, we do know that, at least in one way,Stone Age people were not so different from ourselves --- they found inspiration and pleasure in art.Unit 5 Living in harmonyReading: Green OrchidsRead this story from a book on environmental issues.Life is a series of choices, and we cannot always foresee the consequences. Harry Saleem, an obese man with too much money and power, faced a choice. Outside his office waited his personal doctor, bringing him vital news about the only medicine that could save his life. On the other side of the world, one of his engineers waited for his decision on an important matter of business.His secretary asked whether she could bring the doctor in. The billionaire businessman made his decision.'No, let the fool wait,' growled Saleem. 'Business comes first.' Despite the health problems caused by his huge weight, he was still obsessed with making money. He raised a fat finger, and one of his staff hurried to switch on a large television set.The screen flashed to life, and Saleem's engineer appeared. The man talked by satellite directly to his master although they were thousands of miles apart. 'It's all ready to blow, Mr Saleem,' he said. 'Just say the word.'His engineer was standing above Pakan Valley in South America. A few months ago, it had been a rainforest. Then Saleem's men had come, cutting down all the valuable trees and forcing the villagers to move out. Across the bottom of the valley, a dam had been built. This would provide power for the factories which Saleem planned to build in the area. The factories would bring him vast profits.He saw no reason to delay. He ordered the engineer to press the button. The camera panned away into the distance, and then a cloud of dust rose up, followed shortly by a dull explosion. A mighty river changed its course, and water flooded into the doomed Pakan Valley.'Good, that's that. Turn it off. Now get that doctor in here,' he commanded.The doctor came in with a worried look and started to examine his wealthy patient. 'You're doing very well Mr Saleem,' he said finally. 'The new medicine is saving your life. The only difficulty is getting more of it.''Can you get more Money is no problem,' Saleem said. 'Tell me what you need, and we'll get it.''The main ingredient of this medicine came from a newly-discovered plant --- a small, green orchid,' the doctor explained. 'We'll need many of them to make enough medicine. They are very rare. There's only one place in the world where they grow.''Where' demanded the businessman, impatiently.The doctor smiled. 'Well, luckily the orchids come from some land which you own, sir, so there won't be any difficulty finding them. They're from a place in South America known as Pakan Valley.' .More reading: Helping the environmentRead this leaflet describing one way in which you can help the environment.We are all aware of the many threats to the environment and the need to act in a responsible manner to protect the world which we all share. Many people say that they are in favour of the 'green movement.' However, it is often difficult to find anything practical which you can do to help, and you may feel that you cannot take any action to support the cause. One thing you can do is to try to buy 'green' products.For example, let us consider the problem of the ozone layer. Around the Earth, there is a thin layer of ozone, a kind of gas protecting us from many of the harmful rays of the Sun. A few years ago, scientists in the Antarctic became aware of holes growing in the ozone layer. As these holes get bigger, harmful rays from the Sun are increasingly reaching us, causing crop damage and cancer. This is a big problem in countries near the polar regions, like Australia, where skin cancer caused in part by ozone depletion is now considered a national epidemic.Further research into the problem showed that the ozone layer is being destroyed by gases called CFCs. These gases are released into the atmosphere by the chemicals used in aerosol cans, refrigerators and air conditioners. To help save the ozone layer, many manufacturers have stopped producing aerosol cans that use CFCs. They have switched to other less harmful chemicals, and labelled their cans 'ozone-friendly' or 'no CFCs.'The problem of refrigerators and air conditioners has been more difficult to solve. However, more and more manufacturers are now producing refrigerators and air conditioners that do not use CFCs. Therefore, when you go shopping you should choose ozone-friendly products. Then you will be doing something to help the environment.Unit 6 Problems and solutionsReading: Unique and unconventionalRead this brochure to see how one company engages in a new way of doing business.Like all industries, the cosmetics industry wants to make money. It promises to make you younger and more beautiful. It promises that all your dreams will come true if you use a certain type of shampoo or face cream. These dreams are sold to customers with persuasive and expensive advertising campaigns. Pictures of youthful girls are used to sell anti-ageing creams to fifty-year-old women. The products are presented in expensive packaging, often doubling their cost.The cosmetics industry also wants to be sure that the products are not harmful. It does not want a customer to be poisoned by a lipstick, or blinded by a new type of eye make-up. Its products proven unsafe, a company is likely to be sued for millions of dollars. To avoid this, many cosmetic products are tested on animals to ensure that they are harmless. These painful tests include force-feeding, injections, applying the product to the skin or dripping it into the eyes of the helpless animals.Then came The Body Shop. In 1976 an amazing, unconventional woman called Anita Roddick decided to open a small shop in England. She ignored all the accepted principles of the cosmetics industry. Yet, The Body Shop now has over 2,100 shops worldwide. Her company prospering, Anita revolutionized the industry.Anita wanted to sell simple, natural products for the skin and hair. She thought it was immoral to make false promises about the qualities of her cosmetics. Therefore, she explained the qualities (and limitations) of each product in simple, truthful language. Banning images of beautiful women in her shops, she promoted health, not beauty.She thought that packaging was unimportant, so she started a refilling and recycling service which is unique in the cosmetics industry. In every shop, there is a 'Refill Bar'. This allows customers to refill their old bottles, thus savingwaste. Last, she thought that cosmetics should not be tested on animals. She refused to sell such products. The Body Shop has campaigned against animal testing. It has also funded research into alternative ways of testing product safety.Remarkably, The Body Shop has become a global business without spending any money on advertising. At first Anita attracted wide publicity by explaining her views and later by holding pro-environment campaigns. These helped the causes which she supported, and also publicized The Body Shop. She encouraged all her staff to take part in local campaigns. She also taught them to believe that profits, although important, are not the only aim of a business.More reading: The problem of packagingRead this magazine article to find out how even small things can make a difference when it comes to the environment.A large source of rubbish is packaging material. It often makes up more than30 per cent of the total. To understand why this is true, think of the packaging commonly used for a simple product, such as toothpaste. The packaging includes not only the tube for the toothpaste, but also the box for the tube. This box is put into a plastic wrapper. Then, the boxes are transported in a cardboard container.Most packaging material ends up in a landfill after it is thrown away. Though necessary, landfills take up valuable space, often stink, and can leak harmful substances into the soil. Landfills not included, the production of packaging material itself is a major source of air and water pollution.People are now trying to solve the problems caused by packaging materials. In 1991, Germany took the lead by requiring companies to recycle the packaging used for their goods. To do this, the companies set up recycling bins in every neighbourhood. Consumers now separate their rubbish into three categories --- metal, plastic and paper cartons. They then put it into the appropriate bin. The rubbish sorted, it is transported to a recycling company for processing.The programme worked well at first. However, the amount of rubbish has begun to increase again. One reason for this is that many consumers no longer reduce waste because they think the problem is solved. It seems that to properly deal with the problem of rubbish, everyone must remain vigilant and do their part.。
牛津译林版 高中英语模块1课文翻译
牛津高中英语模块1课文翻译M1 U1 Reading School life in the UK 在英国的学校生活Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me. 在英国上了一年的中学对我来说是一段非常令人愉快与兴奋的经历。
I was very happy with the school hours in Britain because school starts around 9 a.m. and ends about 3.30 p.m. 我很喜欢英国中学的作息时间，因为学校每天上午大约9点上课，下午大约3点半放学。
This means I could get up an hour later than usual, as schools in China begin before 8 a.m. 这意味着我每天可以比以往晚一个小时起床，因为在中国学校每天上午8点之前就开始上课了。
On the first day, all of the new students attended an assembly in the school hall. 开学第一天，所有的新生都去学校礼堂参加晨会。
I sat next to a girl whose name was Diana. We soon became best friends. 我当时坐在一个名叫黛安娜的女孩身边。
我们很快就成了最好的朋友。
During the assembly, the headmaster told us about the rules of the school. 在晨会上，校长向我们宣布了校规。
He also told us that the best way to earn respect was to devote ourselves to study and achieve high grades. This sounded like my school in China. 他还告诉我们，赢得尊重的最佳途径就是专心学习并取得好成绩。
牛津上海版高二下More
牛津上海版高二下More ReadingUnit 1 More reading P12-13For health and beautyRead the article below from a website on exercise.Aerobics is one of the most beneficial and also one of the mostbeautiful forms of exercise. Any physical activity that makes your pulse get quicker and your breathing get deeper is a kind of aerobic exercise. The word 'aerobic' means 'with oxygen' or 'having oxygen'. Aerobic exercise therefore aims at making the heart and lungs work at a higher rate so as to supply more oxygen to the muscles. The benefits of aerobic exercise include having a stronger heart, lower blood pressure, stronger bones, better sleep, less body fat, more energy and less stress.It is suggested that you do aerobic exercise for twenty to forty minutes, three to four times a week. Only then will you begin to reach your optimal level of general fitness. When you exercise, the speed at which your heart beats, or your pulse rate, tells you how intense your workout is. People who are not fit but want to lose weight should keep their pulse rates low and do moderate exercise for a longer time. People who are quite fit can do exercises that require large amounts of energy. They can even compete in marathons.There are many forms of aerobic exercise, including running, swimming, cycling and skiing. Walking is the most common form of aerobic exercise. Most people do it every day! It is low intensity and is recommended for beginners. Running is suitable for almost everyone, but it is important to remember not to overdo it.You must pace yourself and always wear good quality shoes. By doing this type of balanced, relaxing exercise, our responses get quicker, our mind sharper, and we become more efficient and productive.To sum up, aerobic exercise is good for everyone. It can lead to abetter quality of life!Unit 2 More reading P26A smile a day keeps the doctor awayRead the following leaflet about the benefits of laughter in our lives.Have you ever heard the proverb 'laughter is the best medicine'? Everyone knows that it is fun to laugh and that laughing makes you feel good. Now doctors and researchers are telling us that laughter is goodfor our health and may even prevent illnesses such as heart disease. Laughter helps reduce stress and lower blood pressure and pulse rates.It strengthens the immune system and helps us deal with pain just like real medicine does. In fact, laughter is so good for our health that laughing 100 times a day is equivalent to exercising for ten minutes on a rowing machine!Laughter is also good for our minds. When people are stressed, they watch funny films to laugh away emotions such as anger, sadness and fear. This is why laughter is increasingly being used in hospitals as a formof therapy. More and more hospitals are encouraging patients to laugh. They have started showing comedies on hospital TVs and, on the advice of doctors, clowns visit some hospitals to bring laughter to the patients.One group who arranges such visits is the Humour Foundation, an Australian charity. Set up in 1997, it runs the Clown Doctor programme. This programme uses clown doctors to help children who are ill or who have undergone surgery feel better. They cheer these children up with jokes, magic shows, songs and balloons.You cannot deny the truth that laughter is good for you. The city's hospitals are now starting their own clown doctor programme and are looking for your help. Anyone with a sense of humour and a desire tohelp others can apply. If you would like to volunteer, please contactthe Public Health Bureau for more details. Remember a smile a day keeps the doctor away!Unit 3 More reading P42-43Different cultures, different coloursFind out how people in different cultures think about colour by reading this leaflet for business travellers published by an international business magazine.Different cultures do not always agree on their colour associations. Depending on the country, it can make a big difference whether you wear red or white to a wedding, or what colour you wrap presents in. Therefore, it is essential that you should remember which colours are used in different circumstances in different places. In this way, you will not offend anyone or embarrass yourself.●Want to impress your host on that business trip to China? Red is the perfect colour for wrapping gifts. It is used on red packets and red lanterns during the Spring Festival, and is even the colour of wedding dresses, symbolizing happiness and prosperity.●Avoid using black for gifts in the USA! Black is the colour worn to funerals in the USA and Europe, as it is the colour of darkness and night.●You could ruin a party in many Asian countries by dressing completely in white. Since it is the colour of winter, the time when plants shed their leaves and die, it is considered to be a colour of death and mourning in some countries.●Don't wear white to a wedding in Europe! Only the bride should wear white, as it is a colour of virtue and purity. Stick to a formal suit and tie for men, and a smart dress for women.●Travelling to Spain, Italy or Brazil? Then forget about wearing purple clothes, as purple is the colour of mourning in these countries.●Unpack that white coat if you're going to the USA, unless you want to be mistaken for a doctor or a nurse. They wear white in many countries because it is a calming and relaxing colour.Unit 4 More reading P57-58The origins of artRead about the origins of art from an article in a journal on archaeology.Some of the oldest artwork yet discovered was found in 1879 in Altamira, Spain. Amateur archaeologist Marcelino de Satuola and his nine-year-old daughter were investigating a cave on his property. As the father dug in the cave floor looking for ancient artefacts, his daughter Mariaexplored another room in the cave. Suddenly, she shouted, 'Look, Father! Bulls!' The father hurried to take a peek. On the low ceiling of thecave he found colourful paintings of a kind of bison that Satuola knewto be extinct, along with images of horses, deer and wild boar.Based on his knowledge as an archaeologist, Satuola maintained that the paintings dated from the Stone Age. However, his claims were greetedwith ridicule by the scientific community. Other archaeologists thought the colours seemed too bright and the images too lifelike to have been created by ancient man. Even though other discoveries of cave paintings soon followed, it was not until 1902 that any of these finds were accepted as genuine. Researchers now believe that these cave paintings are between 10,000 and 20,000 years old.We may now know the age of the paintings, but the reason why they were created is yet a mystery. The painters may have wanted to record past hunts or tell a story, or they could have used the paintings for some kind of magical or religious purpose. We simply do not know. However, we do know that, at least in one way, Stone Age people were not sodifferent from ourselves--they found inspiration and pleasure in art.Unit 5 More reading P74-75A Helping the environmentRead this leaflet describing one way in which you can help the environment.We are all aware of the many threats to the environment and the need to act in a responsible manner to protect the world which we all share. Many people say that they are in favour of the 'green movement'. However,it is often difficult to find anything practical which you can do to help, and you may feel that you cannot take any action to support the cause. One thing you can do is to try to buy 'green' products.For example, let us consider the problem of the ozone layer. Around the Earth, there is a thin layer of ozone, a kind of gas protecting us from many of the harmful rays of the Sun. A few years ago, scientists in the Antarctic became aware of holes growing in the ozone layer. As these holes get bigger, harmful rays from the Sun are increasingly reaching us, causing crop damage and cancer. This is a big problem in countries near the polar regions, like Australia, where skin cancer caused in part by ozone depletion is now considered a national epidemic.Further research into the problem showed that the ozone layer is being destroyed by gases called CFCs. These gases are released into the atmosphere by the chemicals used in aerosol cans, refrigerators and air conditioners. To help save the ozone layer, many manufacturers have stopped producing aerosol cans that use CFCs. They have switched toother less harmful chemicals, and labelled their cans 'ozone-friendly'or 'no CFCs'.The problem of refrigerators and air conditioners has been moredifficult to solve. However, more and more manufacturers are now producing refrigerators and air conditioners that do not use CFCs. Therefore, when you go shopping you should choose ozone-friendly products. Then you will be doing something to help the environment.Unit 6 More reading P88A The problem of packagingRead this magazine article to find out how even small things can make a difference when it comes to the environment.A large source of rubbish is packaging material. It often makes up more than 30 per cent of the total. To understand why this is true, think of the packaging commonly used for a simple product, such as toothpaste. The packaging includes not only the tube for the toothpaste, but alsothe box for the tube. This box is put into a plastic wrapper. Then, the boxes are transported in a cardboard container.Most packaging material ends up in a landfill after it is thrown away. Though necessary, landfills take up valuable space, often stink, and can leak harmful substances into the soil.Landfills not included, the production of packaging material itself is a major source of air and water pollution.People are now trying to solve the problems caused by packaging materials. In 1991, Germany took the lead by requiring companies to recycle the packaging used for their goods. To do this, thecompanies set up recycling bins in every neighbourhood. Consumers now separate their rubbish into three categories--metal, plastic and paper cartons. They then put it into the appropriate bin. The rubbish sorted, it is transported to a recycling company for processing.The programme worked well at first. However, the amount of rubbish has begun to increase again. One reason for this is that many consumers no longer reduce waste because they think the problem is solved. It seems that to properly deal with the problem of rubbish, everyone must remain vigilant and do their part.。
牛津高中英语M2U1神农架野人课文原文及翻译
ProjectYeti, Bigfoot and the Wild Man of Shennongjia喜马拉雅雪人、北美野人和神农架野人For centuries, people have reported seeing a wild creature in the Himalayas called Yeti. The Yeti is said to be a large, hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being.People believe that Yetis sometimes come down from the mountains to attack villagers.几个世纪以来，不断有人报告说在喜马拉雅山区看到一种被称为喜马拉雅雪人的野生动物。
据说，雪人是种高大多毛，像人类一样用两脚行走的动物。
人们相信雪人有时下山攻击村民。
In 1998, an American mountain climber said that he saw a Yeti on the Chinese side of the Himalayas. “It walked like a human, but it had huge shoulders, very long arms and large hands.” He said.1998年，一名美国登山爱好者声称，他在喜马拉雅山的中国一侧看见过一个雪人。
“它走路的样子像人类，但是有浓密的黑毛，大约6英尺高，双肩宽阔，两臂很长，还有一双大手。
”他说。
In 2007, an American TV team saw Yeti tracks 33 centimeters in length in the snow near Mount Qomolangma. They made copies of these tracks and had them examined by a scientist in the USA. He reported that they looked like the tracks of a similar creature, called Bigfoot, which some people believe lives in the forests of the north-west of the USA.2007年，一个美国电视拍摄组在珠穆朗玛峰附近看到雪地中3 3厘米长的雪人脚印。
牛津高中英语模块一模块二课文原文
M1U1s c h o o l l i f e i n t h e U K Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and experiencefor me .I was very happy with the school hours in Britain because school starts around 9 a.m.and ends about 3.30 p.m.This means I could get up an hour later than usual ,as schools in China begin before 8 a.m.On the first day ,all of the new students attended an assembly in the school hall .Isat next to a girl whose name was Diana .We soon became best friends. During the assembly ,the headmaster told us about the rules of the school . He also told us thatthe best way to earn respect was to devote ourselves to study and achieve high grades . This sounded like my school in China .I had many teachers in the past year . Mr Heywood , my class teacher , was very helpful .My favourite teacher was Miss Burke--I loved the lessons that she gave in English Literature .In our class there were 28 students .This is about the average size for British schools . We had to move to different classrooms for different classes. We also had different students in some classes , so it was a struggle for me to rememberall the faces and names.I found that the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school . However , it was a bit challenging for me at first , because all the homework was in English . I felt lucky , as all my teachers gave me much enjoyment and I enjoyed allmy subjects: English , History , English Literature, Computer Science , Maths , Science , PE ,Art , Cooking and French.My English improved a lot , as I used English every day and spent an hour each day reading English books in the library . I usually went to the Computer Club during the lunch break , so I could send e-mails to my family and friends back home for free. Ialso had an extra French class on Tuesday evenings .Cooking was really fun as I learnt how to buy ,prepare and cook food .At the end of term we held a class party and we all had to cook something .I was glad that all my classmates were fond of the cake that I made .Students at that school have to study Maths , English and Science , but can stop studying some subjects if they do not like them , for example , History and French . They can choose other subjects like Art and Computer Science, or languages such as Spanish and German. Though it did not look very beautiful when it was finished , Istill liked it very much .I missed Chinese food a lot at lunch .British food is very different . British peoplelike eating dessert at the end of their main meal . After lunch , we usually played onthe school field . Sometimes I played football with the boys . Sometimes I just relaxed under a tree or sat on the grass.I was very lucky to experience this different way of life .I look back on my time inthe UK with satisfaction , and I really hope to go back and study in Manchester again .M1U2 Home AloneAct oneMom and Dad arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected. Thecurtains are closed and the living room is dark when Mom and Dad enter.e to be home!Dad: It’s so nicMom: Yes, I can’t wait to surprise the boys!Suddenly a door opens and a soccer ball flies through the room. Eric runs in afterit, followed by a big dog, walking very slowly.looking around room, sounding frightened) Eric: Mom! Dad! You’re back early! (But, but--- you weren’t supposed to come home until tomorrow!The dog slowly walks to Mom and Dad.looking at table)Mom: (bending to touch dog) Eric, he’s so tired and hungry! (The money with which you were to buy dog food is gone, but Spot looks so hungry!What did you do with the money we left?Dad: And look at the room --- garbage all over the place! Where is your brother?(shouting angrily) Daniel!Daniel: (running into room) Mom, Dad, I can explain---Dad opens the curtains and light comes into the room. The room is in a mess,with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink. In the corner, there is agarbage can around which are pieces of garbage and waste paper.Mom and Dad both turn towards Daniel.Dad: (sounding very angry) Listen to me, young man---- we left you in charge!We thought you could act like an adult, but look at the mess. I don’t know why the house is so dirty---Mom: Daniel, we thought you were an adult, a person who would make gooddecisions……．Dad: How can we trust you any more? We won’t tolerate such behavior in ourhouse!Daniel: ( shouting) Stop shouting at me. I’m still a teenager! Why is everythingalways my fault?Daniel runs into his bedroom and shuts the door angrily. Mom and Dad look ateach other as lights go out.Act two, scene oneDaniel and Eric’s bedroom. Eric sits on his bed. Daniel has his arms crossed andlooks upset.Daniel: They never even gave me a chance to defend myself. I hate them!. I can tell them we had an emergency. Then theyEric: You don’t hate themwon’t be mad anymore.Daniel: No, don’t tell them anything. Anyhow,they didn’t trust me. They don’t deserve an explanation . Let them think what they want.Eric: But Daniel, if they knew that Spot was sick and we used the money to takehim to the clinic---Daniel: And that we spent all of yesterday waiting there for him and that is whywe had no time to clean the house --- but no Eric, why didn’t they ask me what happened instead of shouting at me?Act two, scene twoMom: Do you think we were too hard on Daniel? Perhaps there’s a reason why the house is a mess…..Dad: Maybe, but now that he has been so rude to us, I feel like we have to punishhim or he won’t respect us.Mom: Oh, why does this have to be so difficult?Mom sighs.End of act two.M1U3 Dying to be thin...Hi Zhou LingHow are you? I haven’t heard from you for weeks. Is everything OK with you?Do you still go to the gym every day? I used to go to the gym three times a week, butI don’t work out any more. I know another way to stay slim. Looking good isimportant to women, isn’t it? Most young women want a slim figure these days,especially here in Canada. I’m trying to lose weight because I’m so ashamed of m-loss pillsbody. Since I’m preparing to act in a new TV show, I’m taking weightcalled Fat-Less, which are quite popular among young women here. I hope to lose atleast 10 kilograms. I take two pills a day and don’t need to exercise.The pills really work! I’m becoming slimmer and slimmer. I’ve lost 7 kilograms in the last two months. However, sometimes I don’t feel so energetic. My mother, whoyou met last year, keeps telling me not to take them because they are dangerous. Shesays health is the most important thing, and I agree, but then I look so slim at themoment.Write soon!LoveAmyDear Zhou LingThings change so quickly! I’m now in hospital recovering from liver failure. Iregret taking those weight-loss pills. They contain a harmful chemical that cause myliver to fail. The doctor told me that I would die if I couldn’t get a new liver. My mother is a match, but she is too old for such a long operation. I thought I was goingto die.Then the doctor found that someone in your country, whose name is Li Dong, wasan exact match for me.. He donated more than half of his liver to save my life. I wasvery lucky, wasn’t I?I’m feeling better now. I follow my doctor’s advice and exercise for at least half an hour every day, and eat lots of fruit and vegetables. People should look after theirbodies. My mother is right: don’t damage your health for a slim and attractive figure.It isn’t worth it. We shouldn’t be ashamed of the way we look, should we?I hope to hear from you soon.Love,AmyDear Amy-mails until today. I’m so My computer was broken so I couldn’t read your two esorry to hear about your problem, but I’m glad you’re feeling better and are recovering.reatYou’re right. We shouldn’t be embarrassed about our weight. I think you look gas you are, and you’re a wonderful person. I know that the pressure to stay slim is a problem, especially for an actress. However, your mother knows best: nothing is more important than health.many people, some of whom are not overweight at all, It’s the same in China—are always going on a diet or taking weight-loss pills, which are often dangerous. Ihope they can learn from your story.LoveZhou LingM2U1 Boy missing,police puzzledPolice in America have stepped up their search for a fifteen-year-old-boy ，who went missing two days ago in Dover,New Hampshire.People have shown greatinterest in his disappearance due to sightings of puzzling lights in the sky and reportsof alien visit around the time of his disappearance.Justin Foster,a high school student,went missing last Friday night.At first,Justin's mother,who went to sleep early that evening because of a headache,thought that the teenager was spending the night with a friend.Mr Foster,who was working thatnight,was surprised that his son did not tell anyone that he was staying out late.When Justin did not show up at the family lunch the next day,Mrs Foster became worriedand told her husband to call the police.However,police found that Justin did in fact return home on Friday night at about 11 p.m.That evening at 8 p.m. ,Justin left home to play baseball with two friends,who both say Justin went home after the game. Witnesses also say they saw Justin walking towards his home at 10.45 p.m.Justin's sister,Kelly,says she heard her brother return home at about 11 p.m. 'Iwas getting ready for bed.'she said.'Justin went straight to his room.I didn't see himbut I heard him putting on his favourite CD.That's when the lights came.' According to Kelly,a bright light then appeared according to her window. Atfirst,the young girl thought it was the light of the full moon, but then she realized itwas moving and coming closer.'I pulled back the curtains and saw a large spaceship flying outside.It had multi-coloured lights all around it and there were manywindows.Standing inside were lots of white-skinned,strange-looking creatures with large black eyes. I was frightened.'Kelly said that the spaceship then moved around to the side of the house,towards her brother's bedroom. 'I heard Justin shout,and then the UFO just disappeared. I haven't seen Justin since. I am sure the aliens took him,butmy parents said I was only dreaming.'Some people in Dover also say that they have seen aliens.'It happened to me!' said Mavis Wood.'The aliens took me away so that they could do research onme.Luckily, they returned me to my home. I think Justin was taken away by them too. They are interested in us. I still have nightmares about them. I haven't been sleeping well since I returned home. The whole experience was very frightening. I even get frightened when I hear a plane fly over.'Police have not ruled out the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens, but are also looking into other possibilities.'Sometimes, people make up such amazing stories,'says Detective Sam Peterson, who has taken charge of the case.'So we've been looking at other possibilities too,such as murder. We will not give up until we find convincing evidence.M2U2 An adventure in Africa30 JuneDear AihuaHow are you? Sorry I haven’t written for so long. I’ve been quite busy arranging my holiday with my older brother, Colin. Colin and I plan to spend a few weekstravelling before he goes to university. We’re going to visit so many exciting placesand do lots of extraordinary things. We will go to Africa first. I can’t wait! Have youever been there?We leave London on 15 July, and we’ll be taking a flight to Morocco, innorthern Africa. We’re going to ride camels through the Sahara Desert. It’s the biggest desert in the world―about the size ofthe US! I expect it will be very hot, dryand dusty there. We’ll be travelling by camel with local guides, camping in tents andsleeping on the ground. I’ve heard that, in the Sahara, there is no shade during the day,and the stars seem especially brillian t on clear nights. I’ll bring a flashlight with me sothat I’ll be able to see in the dark. Altogether, the trip will take six days. That meansI’ll have to sit on a camel for almost a week―how uncomfortable! I hope my camel likes me!After the trip by camel, we’re going to travel down the River Nile. We’ll start at Lake Victoria. A little way down the river from Lake Victoria, the water gets quiterough. So, we’ll go white―water rafting. It’s quite dangerous, but very exciting! You have to wear a helmet and a life jacket for protection, just in case you fall into thewater.Then, we’re going on a trip to see wild animals in Kenya. We’ll live with the local people in their villages, and drink whatever they do, including cow’s blood you think I should drink it?Since we’ll be walking for almost two weeks, I’ll need to buy a large backpackin advance to carry my supplies of food and water. During the day, we’ll walk acro the land, following the tracks of wildlife such as elephants, lions and giraffes. We lltry to get as close as possible to the animals, even though they’re dangerous, so we can take some really good photographs. But don’t worry about me. Our guideswill have guns with them for defense―they can use the guns to scare the animalsaway if they come too near. I really want to see an elephant up close, and Colin wantsto see a giraffe.After that, we’ll be moving on to Tanzania, where we’re going to climb Mount Kilimanjaro. Mountain climbing can be very tiring, and many people feel sick as theatmosphere gets thinner, so Colin and I will make sure that we will get plenty of rest.The Africa part of our trip will take about four weeks. Afterwards, we’re going to Himalayas.I’ll send you postcards from all the different places we visit!LoveTobyM2U3 The Curse of the mummyHoward Carter is one of the most famous explorers the world has ever known.He was brave and adventurous. He loved to visit new places. During his lifetime, hediscovered many amazing things.Howard Carter did not go to school but was taught to draw by his father, whowas an artist. He was bright and curious about the world outside his hometown. In1891, at the age of 17, he set sail for Alexandria, Egypt. By the 1920s he had becomean explorer searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings. He found several importantones. Inside the tombs he found jewels, gold and the preserved bodies of dead kings.These preserved bodies are known as mummies.In 1922, Howard Carter made his most amazing discovery of all, in the Valley ofthe Kings in Egypt. He had received money from Lord Carnarvon, a British man whowas very interested in Egypt. Carter’s team was working at a place near a city called Luxor. There, they found the tomb of King Tutankhamun. It was the most importanttomb that had ever been found. ‘The tomb contained more riches, gold and jewelsthan any of us had ever seen before, as well as the mummy of the king,’ said Carte ‘By the time we left, it was empty. We emptied the tomb of everything it contained━we were rich and famous right away.However, not long after the tomb had been opened, people in Carter’s team began to fall ill and died strangely. Upon entering the tomb, Carter’s lucky pet b which had led him to the place, was eaten by a snake. Then, a few months after Carterhad opened the tomb, Lord Carnarvon, who was also present when the tomb wasopened, fell ill with a fever and died in Egypt. At the moment of Carnarnon’s de the lights went out in Cairo, the capital of Egypt. Back in England his dog died at thesame time.George Gould, a friend of Carnarvon, went to Egypt after hearing of his death.He too visited the tomb, and had a high fever the following day. Twelve hours later,ur monthshe was dead. Carter’s secretary, Richard Bethell, died of heart trouble foafter the tomb was opened. Arthur Mace, another member of the team, also diedshortly after the discovery.Within seven years, 21 people who had something to do with the opening of thetomb died. Howard Carter, however, lived on and died at the age of 65. Some peoplesay the deaths were just coincidence. Others believe that they were the result of themummy’s curse, which punishes those who enter the resting place of the dead.However, still others believe that there is a scientific explanation. Inside thetombs, there are many viruses. When a tomb is opened, fresh air disturbs the viruses.If breathed in, they can result in illness or even death. Today, when scientists examinemummies, they wear special clothing to protect themselves.What is cert ain, though, is that the mystery of Tutankhamun’s tomb has never been fully explained .。
完整word版,上海牛津高二下课文U1-U6
上海牛津高二下课文U1 What is beauty?Suffering to be beautifulRead the transcript below from a radio programme called Head to Head.Host: Good morning. Today’s topic is beauty. What is beauty? And, to what lengths can or should we go to make ourselves more beautiful? In the studio today are two beautiful women to help answer these questions! Sue Leslie, a former model who is now a successful businesswoman, and Elizabeth Cade, a writer and lecturer. Sue, perhaps we could start with you. Is beauty important?SL: Welt, first, thanks for the compliment, Mary. Now, I think that in today’s world, it is important to look your best. You should watch what you eat and keep yourself fit. And if that’s not enough, then cosmetic surgery can change people’s lives.Host: Eliz abeth, what’s your viewpoint?EC: I think it’s up to everyone to decide what is right for them, but I do feel that people should be happy with themselves, regardless of how they look.There is too much emphasis on appearance these days. Seldom do people think about the real dangers of this obsession with looks, both from eating disorders and from having cosmetic surgery. Also, many people feel unhappy because just don’t happen to fit society’s current ideas of what is beautiful.Host: Since you’re a histo rian, perhaps you could give us a brief historical perspective on this.EC: Well, there are lots of examples of societies in which people have done some horrendous things to try to make themselves look more beautiful. For instance, some European women used to have their bottom ribs removed so that they would have thin waists. Neck stretching was fashionable in some parts of South-East Asia. Ln Africa, there were tribes which stretched their ear lobes or lips. I think it is ridiculous that people-usually women-have been forced by society to endure such considerable pain and suffering.SL: So do l. But times have changed. No one forces people to come to ‘Sue’s Salon’, my health stud\o. They’re free to come, and they enjoy coming because after a course there, they look as if they were ten years younger. So I don’t see any real point in discussing all these quaint o/d customs.EC: But there really is no difference between then and now! That is why today, millions of women alter their bodies. They have eye operations, facelifts and many other operations just to make other people think they are more beautiful.SL: Yes, but it’s their own choice.EC: I don’t agree. Society still judges people on how they look, and so forces them to worry about their appearance. Judging people by their appearance. Is silly. We should judge the whole person.Host: Well, I think that sets out some of the issues very we11, so now, let’s take our first call…U2 Laughter healsA practical jokeRead this article on a humour website to see an example of a practical joke.We’ can define a joke as something you say that causes laughter, and a practical joke as something you do that causes laughter. A practical joke is a trick that is played on an unsuspecting victim to make him or her look silly or embarrassed. In Richard Boston’s Book of Practical jokes, the writer tells the story of a practical joke played on a Mr Potts who worked in a newspaper office.The impression that Mr Potts regarded his colleagues as inferiors made him unpopula r:’H-is 1 co-workers decided to play a joke on him that might make him feel more humble.Now it so happened that Mr Potts always wore the same hat to work. It was a rather unpleasant-looking green colour. When he arrived at the office every morning at prec isely ten o’clock, he would hang his hat on a peg near the door and .I proceedto his desk. When he left in the afternoon, he reversed the process. He took his hat from the peg, placed it on his head, said ‘Good afternoon: and departed for home.One day, when he was out of the room, his colleagues examined the hat very carefully. Then they went to a nearby shop and bought another hat exactly like it, but quite a bit larger. When they returned to the office, Mr Potts was still out, so they exchanged the new hat for the old one.At the end of the afternoon, Mr Potts got up to leave. When he put his hat on his head, however, it dropped down over his eyes. After he left the office, everyone roared with laughter.The next day, to everyone’s surprise, Mr Potts turned up with his hat in its normal position. His colleagues were puzzled by this, and while Mr Potts was out they studied the hat carefully. They found that Mr Potts had fixed some pieces of newspaper round the inside of the hat to reduce its diameter and make it smaller.The next day they decided to take Mr Potts’s old hat from the cupboard where they had concealed it. They made it smaller in the same way, and replaced the new hat with the old one. At the end of the day, Mr Potts got up to leave as usual. When he put his hat on this time, however, it stuck right on top of his head. Again, everyone roared with laughter when he left the office.Mr Potts’s colleagues changed the hats every day. The result was that on alternate days he wore the big hat and then the small one.In the end, the belief that an illness was making his head change size from day to day led Mr Potts to go to a doctor. ‘Nonsense’,said the doctor. ‘There is no such disease’.U3What do colors tell us about ourselves and the world around us? Read this magazine article to find out.The study of color and personality is a fascinating mixture of scientific fact and emotional guesswork. Swiss psychologist Max Luscher has spent most of his life studying color, and has developed a color test which helps explain your personality.According to Luscher, people who choose red on the test are energetic and adventurous, looking for excitement. Those who prefer blue are calm and in control, and prefer a peaceful life. Green means firmness, a dislike of change and a fear of failure. Yellow means you are open and free, ambitious and optimistic.Each color affects us in a different way. Blue and green often remind people of peace and quiet. Blue is the color of the sky and the sea, and green is the color of plants and trees. People’s pulse rates decrease and they feel more relaxed when they see safe and familiar colors such as blue or green. Red, however, is rare in nature. It is the color of blood and meat, of hunting and injuries. It is also the color of fire. It is only natural that red should make people tense. When people see the color red, their pulse rates increase. The darkest nights are black—a color often associated with fear.In our daily life, colors are often used by the food industry. Next time you are in a supermarket, think about the colors around you and on the products. That food companies often use red, green, orange and yellow is not surprising. All of these are regarded as the main ‘appetite’ colors that help persuade people to buy more food. Fast-food restaurants often use red for two reasons. Not only does it stimulate the appetite, but it also makes people feel energetic, so that after they have eaten they will leave more quickly, thus making space for more customers.It is no secret why banks like to use more serious, restful colors such as blue, brown and green. These persuade people to think of the bank as a safe and reliable place. Yellow makes us think of sunshine and holidays, which is the reason why travel agents use it.Colors are used in flags, as well. Over 80% of countries have red—the color of action—in their national flags. Light blue, which symbolizes peace, is the color of the United Nations. Many environmental groups have chosen green, which reminds people of nature, as their color.Color is a powerful tool. It can be used to help us, to warn us, to relax us, to control us and to make us buy things.U4An exhibition of some of the paintings of Vincent Van Gogh will open at the Cultural Centre next week. Read an critic’s review of Van Gogh’s life and work.Vincent Van Gogh is probably the world’s most famous painter. Many people wonder if he deserves such a reputation. Certainly, he was not a success in his lifetime. Although he produced more than 800 paintings, he sold only one, for about US $80. No gallery showed his work during his life. Few people may have even heard of him. His fame developed slowly after his death in 1890, but it has never stopped growing. One hundred years later, in 1990, a Japanese businessman paid US $82 million for one of his works—a world record.He was born in the Netherlands in 1853. As a young man, he tried many different jobs. He worked in an art dealer’s company, but he must have disliked it, because he left. He went to England and became a language teacher. Then, looking for a deeper purpose in life, he worked as a missionary among the poor in Belgium, but he quarreled with his superiors and abandoned that career as well. Finally, he decided to become a painter.For the rest of his life, he depended on the financial support of his brother Theo, the only person who believed in his ability. For ten years, from 1880 to 1890, Van Gogh produced his best paintings, until, sadly, he took his own life.It would be easy to say that he was mad. He had difficulty getting along with people, often arguing with them. After one quarrel, in late 1888, he was so upset that he cut off part of his own ear and gave it to a young girl. Later, from 1889 to 1890, he spent a year in a mental hospital. Yet, for most of his life he was completely sane. We know this because he wrote hundreds of letters to Theo expressing his ideas and his work, and these letters show the clarity of his thinking.Does he deserve the fame he now possesses? Certainly, I admire his work tremendously. His paintings are realistic, not abstract. At the same time, they are not like photographs. The bright colors and thick strokes of his paintings make the strong feelings inside him visible. Even when his subjects are flowers, trees or the sky, his paintings are full of powerful, honest emotions, emotions which finally killed him.We are undoubtedly lucky to have the chance to view these masterpieces. Van Gogh exhibitions are very rare. This is the cultural event of the decade. You may have to spend hours in the queue, but do not miss this chance—his paintings might not come this way again for many years.U5Read this story from a book on environmental issues.Life is a series of choices, and we cannot always foresee the consequences. Harry Saleem, an obsess man with too much money and power, faced a choice. Outside his office waited his personal doctor, bringing him vital news about the only medicine that could save his life. On the other side of the world, one of his engineers waited for his decision on an important matter of business.His secretary asked whether she could bring the doctor in. The billionaire businessman made his decision.‘No, let the fool wait,’growled Saleem, ‘Business comes first.’Despite the health problems caused by his huge weight, he was still obsessed with making money. He raised a fat finger, and one of his staff hurried to switch on a large television set.The screen flashed to life, and Saleem’s engineer appeared. The man talked by satellite directly to his master although they were thousands of miles apart. ‘It’s all ready to blow, Mr Saleem,’ he said. ‘Just say the world.’His engineer was standing above Pakan Valley in South America. A few months ago, it had been a rainforest. Then Saleem’s men had come, cutting down all the valuable trees and forcing the villagers to move out. Across the bottom of the valley, a dam had been built. This would provide power for the factories which Saleem planned to build in the area. The factories would bring him vast profits.He saw no reason to delay. He ordered the engineer to press the button. The camera panned away into the distance, and then a cloud of dust rose up, followed shortly by a dull explosion. A mighty river changed its course, and water flooded into the doomed Pakan Valley.‘Good, that’s that. Turn it off. Now get that doctor in here,’he commanded. Thedoctor came in with a worried look and started to examine his wealthy patient. ‘You’re doing very well, Mr Saleem,’he said finally. ‘The new medicine is saving your life. The only difficulty is getting more of it.’‘Can you get more? Money is no problem,’ Saleem said. ‘Tell me what you need, and we’ll get it.’‘The main ingredient of this medicine came from a newly-discovered plant—a small, green orchid,’the doctor explained. ‘We’ll need many of them to make enough medicine. They are very rare. There’s only one place in the world where they grow.’‘Where?’ demanded the businessman, impatiently.The doctor smiled. ‘Well, luckily the orchids come from some land which you own, sir, so there won’t be any difficulty finding them. They’re from a place in South America known as Pakan Valley.’U6Read this brochure to see how one company engages in a new way of doing business.Like all industries, the cosmetics industry wants to make money. It promises to make you younger and more beautiful. It promises that all your dreams will come true if you use a certain type of shampoo or face cream. These dreams are sold to customers with persuasive and expensive advertising campaigns. Pictures of youthful girls are used to sell anti-ageing creams to fifty-year-old women. The products are presented in expensive packaging, often doubling their cost.The cosmetics industry also wants to be sure that the products are not harmful. It does not want a customer to be poisoned by a lipstick, or blinded by a new type of eye make-up. Its products proven unsafe, a company is likely to be sued for millions of dollars. To avoid this, many cosmetic products are tested on animals to ensure that they are harmless. These painful tests include force-feeding, injections, applying the product to the skin or dripping it into the eyes of the helpless animals.Then came The Body Shop. In 1976 an amazing, unconventional woman called Anita Roddick decided to open a small shop in England. She ignored all the acceptedprinciples of the cosmetics industry. Yet, The Body Shop now has over 2,100 shops worldwide. Her company prospering, Anita revolutionized the industry.Anita wanted to sell simple, natural products for the skin and hair. She thought it was immoral to make false promises about the qualities of her cosmetics. Therefore, she explained the qualities (and limitations) of each product in simple, truthful language. Banning images of beautiful women in her shops, she promoted health, not beauty.She thought that packaging was unimportant, so she started a refilling and recycling service which is unique in the cosmetics industry. In every shop, there is a “Refill Bar”. This allows customers to refill their old bottle s, thus saving waste.Remarkably, The Body Shop has become a global business without spending any money on advertising. At first Anita attracted wide publicity by explaining her views and later by holding pro-environment campaigns. These helped the causes which she supported, and also publicized The Body Shop. She encouraged all her staff to take part in local campaigns. She also taught them to believe that profits, although important, are not the only aim of a business.。
上海牛津高二第二学期unit1More reading
2. What is this article about? It is about aerobics.
Skim the passage and match each paragraph with its main idea.
Para. 1
Amount of aerobic exercise necessary
3. People who want to lose weight should F compete in marathons. People who want to lose weight should keep their pulse rates low and do moderate exercise for a longer time. 4. If you often do aerobic exercise, then you will feel more relaxed. T The benefits of aerobic exercise include having a stronger heart and less stress. 5. Most people never do any aerobic exercise. F Walking is the most common form of aerobic exercise. Most people do it every day!
45%的学生认为 体育浪费时间 锻炼使人疲劳 运动以后很兴奋，较长 时间不能复习功课 运动中可能会受伤
Dear editor, I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we’ve had about whether students of Senior 3 should take physical exercise. 55% of the students think they should take exercise every day, such as doing morning exercises, playing ping-pong and basketball, but it shouldn’t take up too much time. Proper exercise can build up one’s body and reduce diseases. What’s more, sports let their brains have a rest so that they can study effectively.
完整word版,上海牛津高二下课文U1-U6
上海牛津高二下课文U1 What is beauty?Suffering to be beautifulRead the transcript below from a radio programme called Head to Head.Host: Good morning. Today’s topic is beauty. What is beauty? And, to what lengths can or should we go to make ourselves more beautiful? In the studio today are two beautiful women to help answer these questions! Sue Leslie, a former model who is now a successful businesswoman, and Elizabeth Cade, a writer and lecturer. Sue, perhaps we could start with you. Is beauty important?SL: Welt, first, thanks for the compliment, Mary. Now, I think that in today’s world, it is important to look your best. You should watch what you eat and keep yourself fit. And if that’s not enough, then cosmetic surgery can change people’s lives.Host: Eliz abeth, what’s your viewpoint?EC: I think it’s up to everyone to decide what is right for them, but I do feel that people should be happy with themselves, regardless of how they look.There is too much emphasis on appearance these days. Seldom do people think about the real dangers of this obsession with looks, both from eating disorders and from having cosmetic surgery. Also, many people feel unhappy because just don’t happen to fit society’s current ideas of what is beautiful.Host: Since you’re a histo rian, perhaps you could give us a brief historical perspective on this.EC: Well, there are lots of examples of societies in which people have done some horrendous things to try to make themselves look more beautiful. For instance, some European women used to have their bottom ribs removed so that they would have thin waists. Neck stretching was fashionable in some parts of South-East Asia. Ln Africa, there were tribes which stretched their ear lobes or lips. I think it is ridiculous that people-usually women-have been forced by society to endure such considerable pain and suffering.SL: So do l. But times have changed. No one forces people to come to ‘Sue’s Salon’, my health stud\o. They’re free to come, and they enjoy coming because after a course there, they look as if they were ten years younger. So I don’t see any real point in discussing all these quaint o/d customs.EC: But there really is no difference between then and now! That is why today, millions of women alter their bodies. They have eye operations, facelifts and many other operations just to make other people think they are more beautiful.SL: Yes, but it’s their own choice.EC: I don’t agree. Society still judges people on how they look, and so forces them to worry about their appearance. Judging people by their appearance. Is silly. We should judge the whole person.Host: Well, I think that sets out some of the issues very we11, so now, let’s take our first call…U2 Laughter healsA practical jokeRead this article on a humour website to see an example of a practical joke.We’ can define a joke as something you say that causes laughter, and a practical joke as something you do that causes laughter. A practical joke is a trick that is played on an unsuspecting victim to make him or her look silly or embarrassed. In Richard Boston’s Book of Practical jokes, the writer tells the story of a practical joke played on a Mr Potts who worked in a newspaper office.The impression that Mr Potts regarded his colleagues as inferiors made him unpopula r:’H-is 1 co-workers decided to play a joke on him that might make him feel more humble.Now it so happened that Mr Potts always wore the same hat to work. It was a rather unpleasant-looking green colour. When he arrived at the office every morning at prec isely ten o’clock, he would hang his hat on a peg near the door and .I proceedto his desk. When he left in the afternoon, he reversed the process. He took his hat from the peg, placed it on his head, said ‘Good afternoon: and departed for home.One day, when he was out of the room, his colleagues examined the hat very carefully. Then they went to a nearby shop and bought another hat exactly like it, but quite a bit larger. When they returned to the office, Mr Potts was still out, so they exchanged the new hat for the old one.At the end of the afternoon, Mr Potts got up to leave. When he put his hat on his head, however, it dropped down over his eyes. After he left the office, everyone roared with laughter.The next day, to everyone’s surprise, Mr Potts turned up with his hat in its normal position. His colleagues were puzzled by this, and while Mr Potts was out they studied the hat carefully. They found that Mr Potts had fixed some pieces of newspaper round the inside of the hat to reduce its diameter and make it smaller.The next day they decided to take Mr Potts’s old hat from the cupboard where they had concealed it. They made it smaller in the same way, and replaced the new hat with the old one. At the end of the day, Mr Potts got up to leave as usual. When he put his hat on this time, however, it stuck right on top of his head. Again, everyone roared with laughter when he left the office.Mr Potts’s colleagues changed the hats every day. The result was that on alternate days he wore the big hat and then the small one.In the end, the belief that an illness was making his head change size from day to day led Mr Potts to go to a doctor. ‘Nonsense’,said the doctor. ‘There is no such disease’.U3What do colors tell us about ourselves and the world around us? Read this magazine article to find out.The study of color and personality is a fascinating mixture of scientific fact and emotional guesswork. Swiss psychologist Max Luscher has spent most of his life studying color, and has developed a color test which helps explain your personality.According to Luscher, people who choose red on the test are energetic and adventurous, looking for excitement. Those who prefer blue are calm and in control, and prefer a peaceful life. Green means firmness, a dislike of change and a fear of failure. Yellow means you are open and free, ambitious and optimistic.Each color affects us in a different way. Blue and green often remind people of peace and quiet. Blue is the color of the sky and the sea, and green is the color of plants and trees. People’s pulse rates decrease and they feel more relaxed when they see safe and familiar colors such as blue or green. Red, however, is rare in nature. It is the color of blood and meat, of hunting and injuries. It is also the color of fire. It is only natural that red should make people tense. When people see the color red, their pulse rates increase. The darkest nights are black—a color often associated with fear.In our daily life, colors are often used by the food industry. Next time you are in a supermarket, think about the colors around you and on the products. That food companies often use red, green, orange and yellow is not surprising. All of these are regarded as the main ‘appetite’ colors that help persuade people to buy more food. Fast-food restaurants often use red for two reasons. Not only does it stimulate the appetite, but it also makes people feel energetic, so that after they have eaten they will leave more quickly, thus making space for more customers.It is no secret why banks like to use more serious, restful colors such as blue, brown and green. These persuade people to think of the bank as a safe and reliable place. Yellow makes us think of sunshine and holidays, which is the reason why travel agents use it.Colors are used in flags, as well. Over 80% of countries have red—the color of action—in their national flags. Light blue, which symbolizes peace, is the color of the United Nations. Many environmental groups have chosen green, which reminds people of nature, as their color.Color is a powerful tool. It can be used to help us, to warn us, to relax us, to control us and to make us buy things.U4An exhibition of some of the paintings of Vincent Van Gogh will open at the Cultural Centre next week. Read an critic’s review of Van Gogh’s life and work.Vincent Van Gogh is probably the world’s most famous painter. Many people wonder if he deserves such a reputation. Certainly, he was not a success in his lifetime. Although he produced more than 800 paintings, he sold only one, for about US $80. No gallery showed his work during his life. Few people may have even heard of him. His fame developed slowly after his death in 1890, but it has never stopped growing. One hundred years later, in 1990, a Japanese businessman paid US $82 million for one of his works—a world record.He was born in the Netherlands in 1853. As a young man, he tried many different jobs. He worked in an art dealer’s company, but he must have disliked it, because he left. He went to England and became a language teacher. Then, looking for a deeper purpose in life, he worked as a missionary among the poor in Belgium, but he quarreled with his superiors and abandoned that career as well. Finally, he decided to become a painter.For the rest of his life, he depended on the financial support of his brother Theo, the only person who believed in his ability. For ten years, from 1880 to 1890, Van Gogh produced his best paintings, until, sadly, he took his own life.It would be easy to say that he was mad. He had difficulty getting along with people, often arguing with them. After one quarrel, in late 1888, he was so upset that he cut off part of his own ear and gave it to a young girl. Later, from 1889 to 1890, he spent a year in a mental hospital. Yet, for most of his life he was completely sane. We know this because he wrote hundreds of letters to Theo expressing his ideas and his work, and these letters show the clarity of his thinking.Does he deserve the fame he now possesses? Certainly, I admire his work tremendously. His paintings are realistic, not abstract. At the same time, they are not like photographs. The bright colors and thick strokes of his paintings make the strong feelings inside him visible. Even when his subjects are flowers, trees or the sky, his paintings are full of powerful, honest emotions, emotions which finally killed him.We are undoubtedly lucky to have the chance to view these masterpieces. Van Gogh exhibitions are very rare. This is the cultural event of the decade. You may have to spend hours in the queue, but do not miss this chance—his paintings might not come this way again for many years.U5Read this story from a book on environmental issues.Life is a series of choices, and we cannot always foresee the consequences. Harry Saleem, an obsess man with too much money and power, faced a choice. Outside his office waited his personal doctor, bringing him vital news about the only medicine that could save his life. On the other side of the world, one of his engineers waited for his decision on an important matter of business.His secretary asked whether she could bring the doctor in. The billionaire businessman made his decision.‘No, let the fool wait,’growled Saleem, ‘Business comes first.’Despite the health problems caused by his huge weight, he was still obsessed with making money. He raised a fat finger, and one of his staff hurried to switch on a large television set.The screen flashed to life, and Saleem’s engineer appeared. The man talked by satellite directly to his master although they were thousands of miles apart. ‘It’s all ready to blow, Mr Saleem,’ he said. ‘Just say the world.’His engineer was standing above Pakan Valley in South America. A few months ago, it had been a rainforest. Then Saleem’s men had come, cutting down all the valuable trees and forcing the villagers to move out. Across the bottom of the valley, a dam had been built. This would provide power for the factories which Saleem planned to build in the area. The factories would bring him vast profits.He saw no reason to delay. He ordered the engineer to press the button. The camera panned away into the distance, and then a cloud of dust rose up, followed shortly by a dull explosion. A mighty river changed its course, and water flooded into the doomed Pakan Valley.‘Good, that’s that. Turn it off. Now get that doctor in here,’he commanded. Thedoctor came in with a worried look and started to examine his wealthy patient. ‘You’re doing very well, Mr Saleem,’he said finally. ‘The new medicine is saving your life. The only difficulty is getting more of it.’‘Can you get more? Money is no problem,’ Saleem said. ‘Tell me what you need, and we’ll get it.’‘The main ingredient of this medicine came from a newly-discovered plant—a small, green orchid,’the doctor explained. ‘We’ll need many of them to make enough medicine. They are very rare. There’s only one place in the world where they grow.’‘Where?’ demanded the businessman, impatiently.The doctor smiled. ‘Well, luckily the orchids come from some land which you own, sir, so there won’t be any difficulty finding them. They’re from a place in South America known as Pakan Valley.’U6Read this brochure to see how one company engages in a new way of doing business.Like all industries, the cosmetics industry wants to make money. It promises to make you younger and more beautiful. It promises that all your dreams will come true if you use a certain type of shampoo or face cream. These dreams are sold to customers with persuasive and expensive advertising campaigns. Pictures of youthful girls are used to sell anti-ageing creams to fifty-year-old women. The products are presented in expensive packaging, often doubling their cost.The cosmetics industry also wants to be sure that the products are not harmful. It does not want a customer to be poisoned by a lipstick, or blinded by a new type of eye make-up. Its products proven unsafe, a company is likely to be sued for millions of dollars. To avoid this, many cosmetic products are tested on animals to ensure that they are harmless. These painful tests include force-feeding, injections, applying the product to the skin or dripping it into the eyes of the helpless animals.Then came The Body Shop. In 1976 an amazing, unconventional woman called Anita Roddick decided to open a small shop in England. She ignored all the acceptedprinciples of the cosmetics industry. Yet, The Body Shop now has over 2,100 shops worldwide. Her company prospering, Anita revolutionized the industry.Anita wanted to sell simple, natural products for the skin and hair. She thought it was immoral to make false promises about the qualities of her cosmetics. Therefore, she explained the qualities (and limitations) of each product in simple, truthful language. Banning images of beautiful women in her shops, she promoted health, not beauty.She thought that packaging was unimportant, so she started a refilling and recycling service which is unique in the cosmetics industry. In every shop, there is a “Refill Bar”. This allows customers to refill their old bottle s, thus saving waste.Remarkably, The Body Shop has become a global business without spending any money on advertising. At first Anita attracted wide publicity by explaining her views and later by holding pro-environment campaigns. These helped the causes which she supported, and also publicized The Body Shop. She encouraged all her staff to take part in local campaigns. She also taught them to believe that profits, although important, are not the only aim of a business.。
高二牛津下U1
Unit 1ReadingKey wordsKey phrases遭受痛苦suffer pain/trouble感到头痛，饥寒交迫suffer from headache/cold and hunger 交头接耳地head to head在演播室内in the studio到达…地步go (to) the length of最终，充分地，很长时间at length以…开始start with感谢称赞thanks for compliment对某人为某事感到钦佩compliment sb. on sth.看上去最美look one’s best保持健康keep fit整容手术cosmetic surgery同意，匹配agree with应由某人负责/决定做It’s up to sb. to do sth.不管…的，不顾…的regardless of强调emphasis on; put/lay/place emphasis on着迷于…obsession with饮食混乱eating disorders符合现代社会对于…的想法fit society’s current ideas of/about目前的价格current prices最新的杂志current issue of magazine活期存折current account对于…给出简要的历史观点give sb. a brief historical perspective on sth.历史小说 a historical novel引用地in quotes例如for instance拿掉某人的最下面的肋骨have one’s bottom ribs removed脖子拉伸neck stretching东南亚South-East Asia耳垂ear lobs伸展身体stretch oneself out被迫做某事be forced/obliged to do sth.忍受极大的痛苦和苦难endure considerable pain and suffering健身房health studio自由地做…be free to do出现，跟随come along没有理由做(There is) no point/reason in doing sth.古老而离奇的风俗quaint old customs改变某人的身体alter one’s body做眼睛手术have eye operations做面部拉皮have facelifts根据…来判断某人judge sb. on…表明，阐述set outReading1. suffering n. （肉体或精神的）痛苦There is so much suffering in this world.【拓展】① sufferings n. 不幸的感觉，苦恼，折磨the sufferings of the starving refugees② suffer v. 遭受，经历（痛苦、不幸）；忍受，经得起Think how much the parents of the kidnapped boy must have suffered【搭配】suffer from 忍受，遭受She’s suffering from loss of memory.2. former adj. 以前的，从前的Bill Clinton, the former president of the USA, was born in 1946.【拓展】① the former 前者If I have to choose between fish and chicken, I’d like the former.the latter 后者② formerly adv. 以前，从前The company formerly belonged to an international banking group.3. lecturer n. 讲师The lecturer had a wide range of knowledge, and a good sense of humor as well.4. compliment n. 赞扬，称赞【搭配】compliment on sth. 对…的赞美After class the teacher expressed her compliments on my writing.【拓展】①compliments n. 致意，问候，祝贺（常用语传达音讯）My compliments to your wife.②compliment v. 赞美，敬佩【搭配】compliment sb. on sth. 为了某事向某人表示赞美或敬佩I complimented her on her skillful performance.5. emphasis n. 强调，重点Lately, much emphasis has been put on traffic safely.【搭配】put/lay/place emphasis on sth. 强调某事Some schools put emphasis on language study.【拓展】emphasize v. 强调Which word should I emphasize?6. fit v. 符合His coat fits him perfectly.The punishment must always fit the crime.【拓展】fit adj. 合适的，适宜的The food was not fit for human consumption.【搭配】be fit for (尺寸、大小上)合适The food was not fit for human consumption.fit sb. for sth. 试穿(多用在被动中)Try the new key and see if it fits.【辨析】fit, suit, matchfit 多指“大小、尺寸合适”，引申为“吻合”、“协调”These shoes don’t fit me. Have you got a lar ger size?suit 多指“合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位”等，衣着打扮着重式样、颜色、口味等方面的适合Red and black are clolurs that suit me very well.Do you think this style suits me?match 多指两样或多样同类东西的搭配或相配合理I want to buy a tie to match the shirt.7. current adj.①当前的，现行的Watching TV news is an excellent way to keep informed of current affairs.The current economic situation is not good enough to do some investment.②通用的，通行的These words are no longer currents.8. stretch v. 拉长，撑大Stretch a rope across a path.This kind of material is not easy to stretch.【拓展】stretch n. 伸长，伸展With a stretch of his arm, he reached the shelf.stretcher n. 担架An ambulance officer brought a stretcher for the injured woman.9. disorder n.(1) 混乱，无序Everyone began shouting at once and the meeting broke up in disorder.(2)动乱，暴乱The announcement led to violent civil disorders.(3)身体/精神不适He’s suffering from severe metal disorder.【拓展】v. 弄乱Mum found that her child had disordered her files.10. happen v. 发生【搭配】sb. happen to do 某人碰巧做…When the fire broke out, I happened to be there.【搭配】It happens/happened that… 碰巧发生It happened that I was there when the fire broke out.11. historical adj. 历史的（与传说的对比），有关历史的Is Lu Ban a historical or a legendary figure?【拓展】historic adj. 有历史意义的historic event/spotThis is a document of historic significance.12. perspective n. 远景，视角She got a perspective of the whole valley from the top of the hill.【搭配】in/out of perspective 合比例/不合比例That tree on the left of the picture is out of perspective.13. ridiculous adj. 荒谬的，可笑的It is ridiculous to wear a suit and a pair of trainers at the same time.The most ridiculous thing I have ever heard is that she was lost in such a small park.14. horrendous adj. 可怕的，令人吃惊的horrendous prices【拓展】horrendously adv. 惊人地15. quote v. 引用，引述，引证He’s always quoting versed from the Bible.【搭配】in quotes 加了引号的His words are in quotes.【拓展】① quotation n. 引用，引证Support your argument by quotation.② quotation-marks 引号16. remove v. 移开【拓展】removable adj. 可移动的，可去除的This coffee maker has two removable parts.【搭配】remove sth. from 把某物从某处移走，克服某物Please remove your hand from my shoulder.【搭配】remove from… to… 从…移居到…We are removing from London to the country.rem ove sb. from …. 免去某人职务He was removed from his position as chairman.17. endure v. 忍耐The football team endured many hardships on the way to the championship.【辨析】endure, bear, stand, tolerate, put up withendure 语气强，正式用语，突出折磨或不愉快的长期性He endured four years in prison for his religious beliefs.bear 一般用语，常有原来负责的含义，强调忍受者的坚忍A sense of optimism enabled him to bear his illness.stand 正式用语，多用于口语，常以否定出现；若用于肯定句，比bear更显“不屈不挠”“经受得起”I don’t know how you can stand him. He is so rude to you.He successfully stood the severe test.tolerate 语气较弱，所容忍的对象不是给主语直接带来强烈苦难的I won’t tolerate such behavior in this way.put up with 有“宽容”、“不计较”、“将就”等含义I can well put up with slight inconvenience like that.18. considerable adj. 相当大（或多、重要）的The farmer suffered considerable loss because of the stormy weather.【拓展1】consideration n. 考虑，体贴The proposal is still under consideration.【搭配】take… into consideration 把…考虑在内I always take fuel consumption into consideration when buying a car..【搭配】in consideration of sth. 作为对…的回报，考虑到…You should give a small payment in consideration of the waiter’s services.【拓展2】consider v. 考虑I’m considering having a trip to Sydney.【搭配】consider … as/to be… 认为…是We consider this plan to be very important.【搭配】consider it + adj. + to do 认为做…是…的Do you consider it wise to interrupt other’s conversation?【辨析】considerable, considerateconsiderable 相当大的，相当多的He bought the house at a considerable expense.considerate 体贴的，体谅的，替人着想的Diana is a considerate boss who is always willing to listen.19. point n. 意义，目的There is little point in reciting grammatical rules without understanding them.【拓展】n. 小数点，分数，得分The first two figures after the decimal point indicate tenths and hundredths respectively.We need one more point to win the game.v. 指出，指向He pointed to a tower on the distant horizon.20. judge v. 判断，裁定，认为Judging from his appearance, he may be a detective.【拓展】① judge n. 法官，裁判员Please listen to the judge carefully and don’t do something impropriate.② judgment n. 意见，看法；裁决21. alter v. 改变，变更She had to alter her clothes after losing weight.【拓展】alternation n. 改变，变更We are making a few alternations to the house.22. issue n. 重要议题，争议的问题The people all over the world are fixing eyes on the country’s nuclear issue.【拓展】n. 发行物v. （报刊等）发行，出版，颁布The current issue of Times can be bought anywhere in the city.Key expressions1. look one’s best看上去最美The lake looks its best in the autumn.She put on her finest clothes hoping to look her best at the ball.2. keep fit 保持健康When he was young, he did not realize the importance of keeping fit.【拓展】keep sb. fit 让某人保持健康The old man keeps himself fit by running 5 miles every day.We should do physical exercise every day to keep ourselves fit.3. regardless of 不管She made her mind to marry him regardless of all consequences.Regardless of the difficulty, the project must be finished by next Monday.4. free to do sth. 随心所欲做某事You are free to do anything you like, so long as you obey the laws.The customers were free to take as many samples of the products as they wanted.5. set out 陈述，阐明The cartoon sets out the topic of this chapter.During the speech, the President set out his agenda for the following year.【拓展】出发，开始They were about to set out for Beijing when we met at the station.【拓展】set out to do sth. 着手做某事He set out to paint the house earlier this morning but finished only half the work by evening.Key Sentences1. And, to what lengths can or should we go to make ourselves more beautiful?(1) go to great length(s) to do 为了达到目的全力以赴做….They would go to great lengths to make money.I would go to great lengths to help a person in【go to the length of doing】到…地步，竟然，甚至于Will he go to the length of cheating his good friends?(2) 不定式作目的状语时，其动作发生在位于动词之后。
牛津上海版高中二年级 下学期Module 1 Unit 1 What is beauty？ 课件
What is the purpose of aerobic exercise?
Making the heart and lungs work at a higher rate so as to supply more oxygen to the muscles.
Para 2: Amount of aerobic exercise necessary
Para 3: Different forms of aerobic exercise Para 4: Summary
para1: Introduction:
What is the topic sentence:
a stronger _h_e_a_r_t __
The
benefits _l_o_w_e_r_ blood pressure
to one’s physical
_s_tr_o_n_g_e_r_ bones
health include
better _s_le_e_p___ __le_s_s__ body fat
having
more _e_n_e_r_g_y_
less _s_t_re_s_s_
The
one’s responses gettingquicker
benefits ______
to one’s mental one’s mind gettings_h_a_rp_e_r__
health
include
What should people who are fit do?
上海牛津高二第二学期unitunitreading
7. What did Mr. Potts’ colleagues do then? They replaced his new hat with the old one and made it smaller in the same way.
8. Why did Mr. Potts go to his doctor? Because he thought there might something wrong with his head.
His colleagues felt puzzled. Mr Potts put on the larger hat but it dropped over his eyes. Mr Potts was not popular with his colleagues.
Mr. Potts went to see a doctor, who did not believe he suffered from a serious disease.
4. "Nonsense," said the doctor. This implies that __C___.
A. the hat is too big B. the hat ing wrong with Mr.Potts’
head D. Mr. Potts always said goodbye at this
Positive
It is good to play practical jokes on others.
Debate
Negative
It is not good to play practical jokes on others.
its normal position as usual.
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牛津高二下U1
What is beauty?
Suffering to be beautiful
Read the transcript below from a radio programme called Head to Head.
Host: Good morning. Today’s topic is beauty. What is beauty? And, to what lengths can or should we go to make ourselves more beautiful? In the studio today are two beautiful women to help answer these questions! Sue Leslie, a former model who is now a successful businesswoman, and Elizabeth Cade, a writer and lecturer. Sue, perhaps we could start with you. Is beauty important?
SL: Welt, first, thanks for the compliment, Mary. Now, I think that in today’s world, it is important to look your best. You should w atch what you eat and keep yourself fit. And if that’s not enough, then cosmetic surgery can change people’s lives.
Host: Elizabe th, what’s your viewpoint?
EC: I think it’s up to everyone to decide what is right for them, but I do feel that people should be happy with themselves, regardless of how they look.There is too much emphasis on appearance these days. Seldom do people think about the real dangers of this obsession with looks, both from eating disorders and from having cosmetic surgery. Also, many people feel unhappy because jus t don’t happen to fit society’s current ideas of what is beautiful.
Host: Since you’re a histori an, perhaps you could give us a brief historical perspective on this.
EC: Well, there are lots of examples of societies in which people have done some horrendous things to try to make themselves look more beautiful. For instance, some European women used to have their bottom ribs removed so that they would have thin waists. Neck stretching was fashionable in some parts of South-East Asia. Ln Africa, there were tribes which stretched their ear lobes or lips. I think it is ridiculous that people-usually women-have been forced by society to endure such considerable pain and suffering.
SL: So do l. But times have changed. No one forces people to come to ‘Sue’s Salon’, my health stud\o. They’re free to come, and they enjoy coming because after a course there, they look as if they were ten years younger. So I don’t see any real point in discussing all these quaint o/d customs.
EC: But there really is no difference between then and now! That is why today, millions of women alter their bodies. They have eye operations, facelifts and many other operations just to make other people think they are more beautiful.
SL: Yes, but it’s their own choice.
EC: I don’t agree. Society still judges people on how they look, and so forces them to worry about their appearanc e. Judging people by their appearance. Is silly. We should judge the whole person.
Host: Well, I think that sets out some of the issues very we11, so now, let’s take our first call…。