韩国专利制度
韩国的知识产权战略、管理及启示
韩国的知识产权战略、管理及启示内容摘要:韩国的知识产权制度起步较晚,但却成功地运用知识产权战略提升本国的科技水平,促进了经济的快速增长,成为发展中国家学习的典范。
特别是,结合本国产业发展的实际需要及时调整知识产权发展战略的侧重点,使之与国家产业政策、经济体制以及企业的需求相匹配,实现促进本国知识产权开发、保护和利用的战略目标;通过全面加强对国内外知识产权的保护,促进技术创新和技术转移活动的顺利进行,提高了产业国际竞争力,最终实现了本国技术跨越式发展和经济快速增长。
关键词:知识产权战略,管理,韩国一、知识产权制度的发展历程(一)知识产权形成时期(1976年前)韩国最早的成文知识产权法出现在1908年,包括《专利法》、《外观设计法》和《商标法》。
尽管这些法律名义上是保护韩国的知识产权,但实际上却是日本、美国为了维护本国利益而设计实施的。
1910年日本侵占韩国,该法律随被禁止,日本知识产权法被引入韩国,直到二战结束。
1946年,韩国再次颁布了新的《专利法》,这次颁布的专利法效仿了美国专利法,接受了发明优先原则,规定了所谓的植物专利及物质专利。
该法律前后使用了17年的时间,实际上是韩国现代意义上的第一部知识产权法。
1950年朝鲜战争爆发,岛内经济受到重创,因此这部法律并没有对韩国的技术和产业发展产生明显的效果。
1949年实施了《商标法》。
当时,韩国贸易、工业和能源部成立专利局负责所有与专利、实用新型、工业外观设计和商标有关的事务。
但实际上,在20世纪60年代以前,由于韩国产业经济刚刚起步,其经济主要依赖于初级产品的出口和国外经济援助,政府对技术发展的重要性缺乏认识,因此韩国的知识产权制度并未发挥很大的作用。
从60年代以后,为了适应国内经济结构的快速变化和技术发展状况,满足国际新形势的要求,1961年以后韩国知识产权法律一共修订了十多次,不断加强保护知识产权的力度,扩大保护范围。
为支持“构筑技术发展基础”的国家技术政策,保护技术成果,1961年韩国实施《外观设计法》和《新专利法》,原有的《专利法》和《商标法》被分为4部更加专门化、具体化的知识产权法:《专利法》、《实用新型法》、《工业设计法》和《商标法》。
韩国药品专利链接制度
韩国药品专利链接制度全文共四篇示例,供读者参考第一篇示例:韩国药品专利链接制度是指在韩国药品专利系统中,一种特殊的规定,旨在保护医药专利持有人的权益,同时促进市场的竞争和创新。
该制度的引入使得韩国的药品市场更加公平、有效和透明,从而更好地满足民众对安全有效药品的需求。
我们来了解一下专利链接的概念。
专利链接是指在申请药品上市许可证时,相关机构需要查看是否存在在有效专利期内的药品专利,如果有的话,需要向专利持有人发送通知,并在适当的情况下对其进行许可或支付赔偿。
这个过程被称为专利链接,旨在确保药品的开发商能够享有其创新的药品专利的权益,同时保护公众免受仿制药的不当挑战。
在韩国,药品专利链接制度的实施对医药产业的健康发展具有重要意义。
一方面,专利链接制度有助于维护创新药品企业的合法权益,保护其在研发新药上的投资,鼓励企业持续进行创新。
专利链接也为仿制药企业提供了清晰的市场准入规范,降低了仿制药与原研药之间的法律风险,促进了市场的竞争和创新。
专利链接制度的有效实施还为医药产业的监管提供了一定的指导和规范。
在韩国,药品的上市许可是由韩国食品药品安全厅(KFDA)负责审核的,KFDA在审核时会依据专利链接制度检查药品是否存在专利侵权问题,从而加强对医药产业的监管。
专利链接制度还能够减少医药领域的恶性竞争,为医药市场的健康发展提供了一个积极的环境。
在实践中,韩国的药品专利链接制度虽然取得了一定的成绩,但仍然存在一些问题和挑战。
由于专利链接的实施需要各个部门之间的紧密协作和信息共享,因此机构之间的配合机制尚需进一步完善。
在具体实施过程中,专利链接的程序和规范也需要不断优化和完善,以确保其能够有效保护专利持有人的权益,促进医药市场的健康发展。
为了进一步推动韩国药品专利链接制度的发展,我们可以从以下几个方面进行改进。
首先是加强政府对药品专利链接制度的宣传和推广,提高医药企业和相关机构的认识和理解。
其次是建立相关机构间的信息共享机制,加强各方的协作,提高专利链接制度的透明度和效率。
全球10个国家实用新型专利申请制度对比
据国家知识产权局专利局实用新型审查部统计数据,截至目前为止,世界上有约120个国家和地区实行了实用新型或类似的制度。
而这些国家对于实用新型专利制度的规定都有所不同,如审查制度、保护客体、保护时限等。
为了让大家更清晰明了的了解各国实用新型专利,接下来,我司选取了世界上实用新型专利申请量较高的10个国家以做对比。
一、申请实用新型专利需提交的材料:依据我国的专利法,授予专利权的实用新型应具有新颖性、创造性和实用性。
需提供:实用新型专利请求书、说明书摘要及其摘要附图、权利要求书、说明书、说明书附图。
二、申请流程图三、注意事项:1.审查方式(1)形式审查制(仅对形式缺陷进行审查);(2)初步审查制(对形式缺陷和部分实质性缺陷进行审查,但不进行现有技术检索);(3)实质审查制(通过现有技术检索对新颖性和/或创造性进行审查)(4)形式审查制+评价报告(或类似制度)(评价报告是指报告出具方通过现有技术检索,至少对实用新型的新颖性、创造性和实用性做出评价的一种具有法律意义的文件,检索报告、现有技术报告、专家报告、技术评价报告、检索服务均归类于评价报告类似制度);2.创新性要求(1)新颖性要求(是指相对于国内外出版公开和使用公开的现有技术具备新颖性);(2)新颖性+创造性要求(是指相对于国内外出版公开和使用公开的现有技术具备创造性,创造性高度与发明专利相同);(3)新颖性+较低创造性要求(“较低创造性”是指相对于国内外出版公开和使用公开的现有技术具备创造性,创造性高度相对于发明专利较低);(4)相对新颖性要求(“相对新颖性”是指相对于国内外出版公开和国内使用公开的现有技术具备新颖性);(5)相对新颖性+创造性要求;(以上内容来源:国家知识产权局专利局实用新型审查部)以上是全球10个国家实用新型专利申请制度的对比介绍。
如有不明白的地方,欢迎咨询知墨墨了解!知墨墨(zhimomo)是专业提供国际知识产权服务的代理平台,业务项目多达200余种,且已在全球建立了知识产权关系网,合作所覆盖136个国家,依托于十余年跨国知识产权管理经验、自身专业实力,知墨墨致力为客户提供全方面、专业的全球知识产权服务。
韩国专利开放许可制度
韩国专利开放许可制度中国和韩国在外观设计专利的申请制度和许可条件上存在很大的差异。
比如中国的外观设计专利申请实行形式审查制,而韩国的外观设计专利申请实行实质审查制或不审查(也称部分审查)制。
中国外观设计专利保护的外观设计必须依赖于产品,但韩国外观设计专利的保护模式更加灵活。
除了保护产品设计,还可以保护字体设计和产品设计的一部分。
除此之外,韩国还有其他一些特色的设计体系。
韩国保密设计专利申请制度的外观专利特色体系由于外观设计易于模仿,普及性强,如果在外观设计专利权人尚未完成工业实施的准备工作之前就将外观设计发表或公之于众,专利权人自身的利益很可能会因他人的模仿和盗用而受到影响。
为此,韩国制定了申请外观设计时,申请人可以要求对其设计保密,保密期限自授权之日起不超过3年(《外观设计保护法》第43条),这是一项保密设计制度。
机密设计请求只能由申请人提出。
韩国外观专利特征系统申请日期系统的重新确定在我国,外观设计专利申请一经提出,就不允许改变申请日和视图的保护范围。
但在韩国的外观设计专利申请制度中,外观设计注册后,允许申请人提交变更保护范围的请求,将建议修改日改为申请日,从而简化了初步审查程序。
相对于我国对超范围修改申请文件的严格规定,韩国重新确定申请日的制度更加灵活机动,有利于进一步提高审查效率。
韩国外观专利特色系统的多元设计体系在外观设计的非审查注册申请中,韩国允许一项外观设计为同一产品申请100项以下的外观设计。
多个设计中的每一个设计都是独立的专利,需要分别转让和失效。
韩国外观专利特色体系的优先审查制度虽然具有韩国特色的非审查和实质性审查双轨并行制度已经考虑到不同申请人对审查期限的要求,但为了更好地服务申请人,韩国设计法还包括了优先审查制度。
申请人提出优先审查请求后,审查员应当在10日内作出是否给予优先审查的决定,并在45日内要求开始审查。
因此,从申请人提出优先审查的要求,到收到第一次审查意见通知,最短只需要两个月。
美国、日本、韩国的知识产权战略
从上个世纪60年代以来,各国称普道重视设计和权战略。
在国际投资和贸易中,技术的母国如何能够自由伸展“长臂管辖”、收取许可使用费、协助权利人维权,已成为掌握主动权的关键。
知识产权战略的实施成为促进一个国家经济发展的至关重要因素,在国际贸易和国际竞争中处于战略核心地位。
下面介绍几个国家的知识产权战略:(一)美国的知识产权战略20世纪80年代以来,美国实施知识产权战略主要沿着三种轨迹不断伸延。
一是根据国家利益和美国企业的竞争需要,对专利法、版权法、商标法等传统知识产权立法不断地修改与完善,扩大保护范围,加强保护力度,提高执法效率。
近年来,随着生物、信息及网络技术的发展,一些新兴技术形式不断纳入知识产权的保护范围,例如将网络营销模式等理念列入专利保护范围,在功能基因方面,美国专利申请已达4000多项,知识产权优势明显;二是国家加强调整知识产权利益关系、在促进技术创新、转移和商业化方面强化立法,自1980年《拜杜法案》到1986年《联邦技术转移法》以及1998年的《技术转让商业化法》,1999年美国国会又通过了《美国发明家保护法令》,使美国大学、国家实验室在申请专利,加速产、学、研结合及创办高新技术企业方面发挥更大的主动性,2000年10月众参两院又通过了《技术转移商业化法案》,进一步简化归属联邦政府的科技成果运用程序;三是通过技术标准化和标准专利化设置技术贸易壁垒,控制外国产品的市场准入必须缴纳专利使用费;四是在国际贸易中将专利与贸易挂钩,一方面积极推动WTO的知识产权协议( TRIPS)的达成,另一方面通过修订《综合贸易法案》的“特殊301条款”和《关税法》的“37条款”加强美国企业的海外维权能力,并通过国家间的司法协助、海外引渡等方式,形成覆盖全球范围的遏制侵权网络,为美国企业争取最有利的国际贸易和营运环境。
进入21世纪,信息科技的发展使知识在国民经济和社会生活中的地位越来越高,比重越来越大。
作为知识产权发达国家的美国,开始全力在全球推广知识产权战略。
美国、日本、韩国、中国等几个主要国家专利制度分析、对比及启示-2015.6.16
美国、日本、韩国、中国等几个主要国家专利制度分析、对比及启示作者: 吉静鲜发表于《中国专利代理》,2006年第4期一.各国专利制度的特点及专利保护类型美国:美国专利商标局(USPTO)负责受理、审查、批准专利和商标申请事宜。
美国于1790年颁布和实施了第一部专利法。
现行专利法于1952年颁发,此后又经过多次修改、补充和完善,形成了一套包括发明专利、外观专利和植物专利三种专利的详细立法。
美国专利法比较重要的修改为:1984年11月,美国国会对《专利法》做了一次较大的修订,规定了对药品和有关产品的专利保护期可适当延长。
1994年底,美国国会通过了《乌拉圭回合协议法》,将原有的自授权之日起17年的保护期改为自申请日起20年(适用于1995年6月8日以后提出的申请)。
2000年3月生效的《美国发明人保护法》(AIPA),其中许多重要的条款都被直接列入专利法,包括将不公开审查制改为早期公开延迟审查制,保证发明人专利保护期等规定。
该法案的签署成为美国专利制度和美国专利商标局历史上的重要里程碑。
美国专利保护类型有发明专利、植物专利、外观专利三种。
美国专利制度具有一些独有的特征。
如:先发明制:美国实行的是 "先发明制",而非世界上多数国家施行的先申请制。
"先发明制"是指专利申请必须由发明人提出, 发明人提出专利申请的同时或之后可以将申请权转让。
因此美国专利文件中常出现的权利人是发明人和受让人。
临时申请:美国专利制度允许发明人提交 "临时申请"。
临时专利申请是美国在乌拉圭回合谈判后,根据谈判协议修改了本国专利法,于1995年6月8日出台的一种专利申请形式,为在USPTO提交的申请建立了一种"国内优先权"制度,为试图完善发明或筹集资金的申请人以低廉的费用、简单的形式申请专利赢得了宝贵的时间。
长期以来,USPTO实行的是不公开审查制度(形式审查合格后专利局直接进行实质审查),但是,随着专利申请量的大幅度增加和审查资源的匮乏,造成专利申请的审理期限过长,有的长达十几年,甚至更长(所谓美国式"潜水艇专利"),这种状况显然难以充分体现现代专利制度的立法宗旨,即以公开技术换取法律保护。
美国专利制度的特点
通过文献检索了解美国、日本、欧洲、韩国专利制度的特点。
中国、欧洲、日本及韩国的专利制度大同小异,但美国却独树一帜,与全球的主流专利体系相去甚远。
1.美国专利制度的特点:(1)先发明原则所谓先发明原则是指同样的发明创造的专利权授予最先作出发明的人。
它与先申请原则截然不同,后者规定同样的发明创造的专利权授予最先提出申请的人(自然人或法人)。
当今世界上只有美国和菲律宾采用先发明原则,而其他专利局均采用先申请原则。
(2) 专利类型中国专利法包括发明、实用新型和外观设计三种。
而美国专利法保护的范围包括实用专利(utility patent)、植物专利(patent for plant)、外观设计(patentfor design)。
需要注意的是,美国的实用专利绝不是实用新型,而是除了植物专利和外观设计之外其它专利的统称。
作为农业大国,美国对植物领域的发明格外重视,不仅将植物专利单独列出,而且在申请和保护方面作了很多专门适合于植物发明的规定。
中国专利法第25条将植物新品种列为不可获得专利保护的范围,但美国的植物专利中并没有排除植物品种。
美国不保护实用新型专利,但这并不是美国的独特之处,因为世界上不保护实用新型的专利局还有很多。
(3) 可获得专利保护的主题类型的范围美国专利法第101条规定:任何人发明或发现任何新的且有用的方法、机器、产品、或物质的组分、或对它们的任何有用的改进,都可以因此而获得专利权,只要其符合授权的条件和要求。
包括SIPO在内的绝大多数专利局都不保护软件、商业方法和互联网方法,唯独美国专利保护类型中包括这些方法。
美国的专利法也保护动植物新品种。
然而,美国法42 U.S.C. 2181 (a)将用于武器的核材料和原子能排除在专利法保护的范围之外。
(4) 全审查制及临时申请与中国不同,美国的正式专利申请,无论是实用专利还是植物专利都要受到实质审查。
然而USPTO于上世纪末推出一种临时申请(provisiona;application)。
韩国专利制度
专利申请文件
包括巴黎公约途径和直接向韩国提出申请途径。 巴黎公约途径:在中国申请后,在第一在先专利申请日(即优先权日)起6个月届满前向韩国工业产权局就相 同主题提出外观专利申请时,可以享受优先权的待遇,需要提交优先权证明文件。 需要准备的材料及提供的信息: (1)申请信息:申请人及发明人中英文名称/姓名、及,申请国家,人等; (2)外观设计图片或照片:申请人应当提交立体图(展开图)和六面视图(即主视图、后视图、左视图、右 视图、俯视图和仰视图),六面视图的尺寸比例必须一致。必要时可以提交参考视图。 (3)外观设计简要说明; (4)如果要求优先权,还需提供在先申请的受理通知书及在先申请的优先权证明文件(优先权证明文件可以 在申请同时或自优先权日起9个月内提交)。
谢谢观看
韩国外观设计专利无审查申请的对象物品 -B1(衣物); -C1(床单、地板席子、帷幕); -F3(办公用纸、印刷品); -F4(包装纸、包装容器); -M1(纺织物等)。 韩国专利申请所采用的语言是韩语。
专利审查制度
韩国发明专利审查制度具有以下特征:先申请原则;早期公开原则;请求审查原则;授权后异议制。申请及 公开:申请人提出申请后,先进行形式审查,审查通过后自申请日或优先权日起18个月自动公布或根据申请人要 求在申请日起18个月内进行公开。请求实质审查:申请人必须在从申请日(或国际申请日)起5年内提出实质审 查请求。如果申请人未在上述期限内提出实质审查请求,该专利申请将被视为撤回。答复审查意见:从提出实质 审查请求到接收第一次审查意见通知书,大概需要18至24个月时间。申请人必须在接收通知书之日起二个月内做 出答复。申请人可以提出期限延长请求,每次可延长一个月,延期次数没有限制。专利登记手续:如果经审查没 有发现驳回理由,即发出授权通知书。申请人应当在接收通知之日起三个月以内办理专利登记手续,并缴纳登记 费及前三年的年费。授权后异议制:申请人交付费用后,工业产权局即在专利注册公报上公布,自公布之日起3个 月内为异议期。异议期后,审查员作出决定,如果申请人对审查员的最终驳回决定不服,可在收到通知后30天内 上诉到工业产权法庭,对工业产权法庭决定的诉讼由专利法院审理,如果对专利法院的决定不服,最终上诉到最 高法院。
解读韩国新专利法及其专利制度特色
解读韩国新专利法及其专利制度特色作者:王思文来源:《今日湖北·中旬刊》2014年第04期随着世界经济的发展,对各国政府而言,知识产权战略已成为其提高核心竞争力的关键,我国创新主体不断进行海外拓展的目的也正在于此。
鉴于此,我们有必要深入解读各国的相关法律制度,充分维护我国的合法权益。
而韩国作为我们的临近国和海外市场拓展的主要目的国,在专利制度上又与我国存在一些差异,因此有必要作为我们的重点解读对象。
一、韩知识产权保护相关立法的历史沿革韩国最初导入工业产权(韩称“产业财产权”)法律制度为二十世纪初。
1908年8月12日,韩国制定并公布了《特许令》(韩国“特许”即我们所称“专利”),直接引进并适用日本的法律体系。
到二十世纪五、六十年代。
1957年,韩国政府初次制定并颁布了《版权法》,其主要内容来源于日本《版权法》,并于1986年全面修订。
1961年至1963年,韩国大幅修订《特许法》,将其分离成产业财产权3种法律,分别为《特许法》、《实用新案法》和《意匠法》。
随后,为了建立符合国际发展趋势的知识产权法律体系,韩于1979年3月1日加入世界知识产权组织,1980年5月4日加入巴黎条约,1984年8月10日加入国际专利合作条约,1988年3月加入布达佩斯条约,1995年1月1日加入WTO/TRIPs协定,2002年12月11日加入马德里议定书(MADRID)。
根据韩国法律规定,韩国加入的国际条约与国内法具有同等效力。
二、韩国专利申请与授权的相关法律制度韩国发明专利申请的实体审查条件与我国类似,但是在审查程序方面具有特点:韩国采用面向专利申请人需求的三轨制审查程序,包括加快审查程序、正常审查程序和延迟审查程序。
对于我国创新主体而言,电子类产品、通信类产品等生命周期较短的专利申请或者亟需技术成果转化的专利申请,可以使用加快审查程序;对于医药类专利申请,鉴于需要药品监督管理部门的行政审批方能实现技术成果的市场化,所以可以结合药品审批的进度选择延迟审查程序。
中美两国外观设计专利制度比较,有什么不同?
目前,中国国家知识产权局受理的外观设计专利申请的申请量已据世界第一,中国已经成为外观设计专利大国,外观设计专利权在中国的专利制度中发挥着重要作用。
与大多数国家的规定不同,中美两国都将外观设计专利制度规定在一部专利法中,但是由于两国的法制传统、司法理念和历史背景不同,外观设计专利制度也有很多不同。
中国专利法对外观设计的有关规定见于《专利法》、《专利法实施细则》和《审查指南》,美国对于工业品外观设计的保护,主要规定在专利法中,即现行美国专利法第16章-"外观设计",包括第171条的"外观设计专利"、第172条的"优先权"和第173条的"外观设计专利保护期"。
除此之外,美国专利法中还有一些规定也适用于外观设计专利保护,如关于非显而易见性的规定、关于专利申请和审查的程序性规定,以及权利内容、侵权认定等等。
随着全球知识产权保护水平逐渐趋于一致,认真研究中美两国的外观设计专利制度的差异,无论是对中国还是国外的申请人,都具有现实意义。
一、外观设计的保护范围不同 中国《专利法实施细则》第二条第三款规定:"专利法所称外观设计,是指对产品的形状、图案或者其结合以及色彩与形状、图案的结合所作出的富有美感并适于工业应用的新设计" 。
美国专利法第171条规定:"就产品而发明的任何新的、原创性的和装饰性的外观设计,其发明者可依据本法的规定和要求获得专利"。
尽管两国法律中外观设计的定义均针对"产品",但是何谓"产品",两国的解释是不同的。
中国的《审查指南》第一部分第三章4.3.3节全面规定了不给予外观设计保护的客体,其中指出,外观设计"产品"是指一个完整的产品,产品的不能分割、不能单独出售或使用的部分,如鞋帮、帽沿、杯把,是不被认为是外观设计意义上的"产品",因此不能单独提出申请保护;而在美国,尽管法条上使用了"产品"的字眼,但是根据法院的判例所作的解释,美国专利法第171条只是要求"任何新的、原创性的和装饰性的外观设计"须使用于特定的"产品"上,但并未规定必须为完整的"产品";同时,美国外观设计所保护的是对工业品所做的装饰性的设计,而非"工业品"本身。
浅析韩国外观设计专利制度
第16卷 第6期2019年 6月中国发明与专利China Invention & PatentV ol.16 No.6Jun. 2019浅析韩国外观设计专利制度李良平李明(国家知识产权局专利局专利审查协作北京中心,北京 100160)摘 要:韩国外观设计有独特特点,我国创新设计主体想要进入韩国市场,参与经济活动,如果不了解韩国外观设计的特色制度,难免会遇到问题,甚至导致权利得不到保护。
本文通过介绍韩国外观设计专利的相关制度,为我国创新主体在韩国提出外观设计专利申请及后续确权、保护等方面提供建议,以便于保护自身的合法权益。
关键词:韩国外观设计制度部分外观设计中图分类号:G306 文献标识码:A0引言近年来,经济全球化不断深化,知识产权在国际经贸中的作用和地位愈发重要。
韩国是我国创新主体参与海外经济活动的重要市场,随着我国与韩国贸易关系的加强及工业设计水平的提高,我国创新设计主体向韩国提交的外观设计申请数量逐年提升。
韩国外观设计制度逐步演变,其特色制度越来越多,若我国创新主体不了解这些申请制度,在向韩国提出外观设计专利申请时就避免不了产生一些问题,甚至导致外观设计专利权得不到有效的保护。
本文通过介绍韩国外观设计申请的特色制度,对我国创新主体向韩国提交外观设计申请提出建议,从而更好地维护自身的合法权益。
1韩国外观设计申请制度介绍韩国的外观设计采用单独立法,最早创建于1961年。
在至今50余年的历程中,为了适应国内高速发展的设计水平,满足申请人的多样化需求,韩国的外观设计相关法规历经多次修改,逐渐形成了本国的特色。
现就韩国与我国存在差异的一些特色制度进行介绍。
1.1审查制度韩国按照申请类型采用实质审查和无审查两种模式,二者专利权效力相同。
1.1.1实质审查制度实质审查制度,主要是指外观设计申请被提出后,首先进行形式审查,形式审查合格后,可以根据申请人的请求公开其申请。
对于符合实质审查授权条件的申请,作出注册决定,注册后公布。
韩国知识产权战略启示录
韩国知识产权战略启示录韩国知识产权战略启示录摘要本文探讨了韩国知识产权战略的几个关键问题,包括知识产权保护、知识产权运用和知识产权制度改革等方面。
通过对韩国知识产权战略的分析,提出了一些启示和建议,以期帮助其他国家在知识产权领域取得更好的发展。
1. 引言知识产权是创新经济时代的核心竞争力之一,对于一个国家的经济发展具有重要意义。
韩国作为一个知识产权保护相对完善的国家,其知识产权战略值得其他国家借鉴和学习。
本文将对韩国的知识产权战略进行分析,并从中汲取经验,为其他国家在知识产权战略上提供一些启示。
2. 知识产权保护知识产权保护是知识产权战略的基础,对于鼓励创新和保护创新者的权益至关重要。
韩国在知识产权保护方面做出了一些重要的努力,比如加强知识产权执法力度、建立专门的知识产权法院等。
这些措施为创新者提供了更有力的保护,促进了创新活动的开展。
对其他国家而言,韩国的经验告诉我们,要加强知识产权执法力度,打击盗版和假冒伪劣产品,保护创新者的权益。
此外,建立专门的知识产权法院也是一个重要的举措,可以提高知识产权纠纷的司法效率,加强对知识产权的保护。
3. 知识产权运用知识产权的运用对于创新者和企业而言同样重要。
韩国注重发挥知识产权在经济发展中的积极作用,通过推动知识产权的转化和运用,促进技术创新和产业升级。
其他国家可以从韩国的做法中获得一些启示。
首先,要鼓励企业进行技术创新,培育知识产权意识,提高知识产权的运用率。
其次,要加强知识产权的评估和交易,促进知识产权的市场化流通。
此外,还可以建立公共技术转移中心,促进技术转移和合作,加速技术创新和产业升级。
4. 知识产权制度改革知识产权制度的改革是知识产权战略的重要组成部分。
韩国通过改革知识产权制度,提高知识产权的质量和效益,进一步加强了知识产权保护和运用的能力。
在知识产权制度改革方面,其他国家可以借鉴韩国的做法。
一方面,要加强知识产权的管理和监管,提升知识产权的整体管理能力。
韩国专利制度简介(英文)
PrefaceThe purpose of this guide is to provide foreign practitioners with an overview of patent infringement lawsuits in South Korea, on what the Korean courts are related to patent disputes, what procedures happen in courts, what the Korean Patent Office and the Patent Court role, what issues has been raised in the recent years, and so on. Further, it includes the time frames and costs involved in patent lawsuits.Overview of the Korean Legal SystemThere are three tiers of courts in Korea: the District Courts, the High Courts and the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court located in Seoul consists of a Chief Justice and 13 Justices. Korea follows civil law tradition. Accordingly, a decision of the Supreme Court does not have binding authority but since the lower courts follow the Supreme Court’s interpretation of a law, the effect of a Supreme Court decision amounts to a binding force on the lower courts. Neither the jury system nor punitive damage compensation exists in Korea.The District Courts and its Branch Courts hear the first instance of cases. For example, a patentee must bring a patent infringement lawsuit before a District Court or a Branch Court of a District Court that has jurisdiction over the case. The High Courts are appellate courts. A panel of three judges hears patent infringement cases.The Patent CourtThe Patent Court is the court that specializes in IP, and is located in Taejon which is a city 200 km south of Seoul. The Patent Court is a high court having exclusive jurisdiction over all appeals of the IPT and KIPO. There are 9 technical experts assisting judges of the Patent Court as law clerks. They have different technical expertise, and thus ensure a broad coverage of technology. Further, they are all ex-examiners having at least 5 years experience examining patent applications at KIPO.KIPO and the IPTThe Korean Intellectual Property Office ("KIPO") is located in Taejeon. Within KIPO, the Intellectual Property Tribunal ("IPT"), as Board of Appeal, handles appeals, invalidity proceedings, and proceedings to determine the scope of patent rights. Invalidation Petitions must be brought to the IPT, which has exclusive subject matter jurisdiction for the validity of patents, utility models, industrial designs and trademarks. KIPO has four examination bureaus: Trademarks & Design, Machinery & Metals, Chemistry & Biotechnology and Electric & Electronic.A.Ex Parte Proceedings in the IPT(i) Appealing a Final RejectionWhen an applicant appeals an examiner’s final rejection before the IPT within 30 days from the receipt of the final rejection, the applicant may amend the specification within 30 days of the filing date of an appeal. When it is the case, the application will be returned to the examiner for further consideration based on the amendment. This plays as a continued examination process as like RCE in the U.S. Only after the examiner maintains his rejection will a panel of 3 board examiners review the case.(ii) Correction of the Granted Patent SpecificationA patentee may correct a granted specification or drawing. The IPT decides whether the petition to correct is allowed. A patentee may avoid an invalidation of a patent bychanging the granted specification. However, Korean patent law strictly limits the scope of correction to the ranges of narrowing the scope of a claim, correcting clerical errors, and clarifying ambiguous descriptions in order to avoid unexpected circumstances to any third party.B. Inter Parte Proceedings in the IPT(i) Invalidation ProceedingAny party interested in the validity of a granted patent may initiate an invalidation proceeding by filing an invalidation petition to the IPT. The invalidation petition may be filed even after the expiration of the subject IP rights. A panel of 3 board examiners reviews the case and may allow oral arguments hearing for both parties.(ii) Proceeding to Determine the Scope of a Patent RightA patentee or an interested party may initiate a proceeding to determine the scope of a patent right. The IPT has exclusive jurisdiction and is independent from court procedures in interpreting the scope of the patented claims. Although a court does not bind the IPT’s decision of interpreting claims in this proceeding, it plays the important role as strong persuasive evidence to the Court in interpreting the subject patent claims.Two Routes of ProceedingsBasics of Korean Patent LawThe Korean patent system is based on the first-to-file rule, in which the first file applicant is entitled to a patent right regardless of the priority of the invention. All unexamined applications are automatically published after 18 months from the filing date in Korea or the earliest priority date in a foreign country. In addition, after a patent application is granted and the patent is registered, the patented specification is published again. Once an unexamined patent specification has been published, any person may submit any relevant information relating to the patentability of the application to KIPO in order to prevent granting a patent thereof.In contrast, if the applicant warns in writing an alleged infringer about possible infringement of the claimed invention after his application has been published, he may recover reasonable compensation of damage from the infringer. A reasonable amount of compensation will be decided from the date of receipt of the warning letter. The compensation, however, can be collected only after the registration of the patent applicationA patent application will be examined only when an applicant requests the examination of the application within 5 years of the filing date in Korea or the international filing date for a PCT route application. If no request for examination is made by the deadline, the application is deemed to have been withdrawn.A registered patent may be invalidated only through an invalidation trial. Because the IPT has exclusive jurisdiction on the invalidation trial, an infringement court case cannot invalidate the subject patent.Patent ProsecutionPatent Subject MatterThe Korean Patent Act defines an invention as a technological conception that uses laws of the nature. Under this definition, business method itself without associating with IT technology cannot be a subject matter. Currently acceptable subject matter includes living organisms, DNA sequences, business methods using communication technology and computer software as processes or storage media. But electronic signals, medical treatment methods or diagnostic methods are not deemed as patentable subject matter.Industrial Applicability (Utility)This is similar to utility requirement in the U.S. patent law. Where specific and substantial utility is found, the invention is industrially applicable. Medical treatment methods and diagnostic methods are not patentable.NoveltyWhen the invention is presented in public knowledge or in public uses or described in printed matter in Korea or in a foreign country before the fling date, the invention lacks novelty. Posting the invention on websites causes loss of novelty. As Grace period, an inventor may file a patent application of the disclosed invention within 6 months from the disclosure in the case where he disclosed the invention or another party disclosed the invention without his consent. The 6-month grace period can not be extended through the Paris convention priority.Non-obviousness (Inventive step)Graver Tank rationales in the U.S. about non-obviousness of an invention are also applicable in Korea. Further KIPO and the Patent Court usually apply the TSM test ("teaching, suggestion or motivation to combine references") to determine if the claimed invention has an inventive step. However, it is not rigid, and common sense of those skilled in the art can be the basis for denying inventive step of a claimed invention. Also, the Patent Court often held that hindsight bias shall be avoided in determining inventive step.Secondary consideration factors as indicia of non-obviousness including "commercial success" alone are not sufficient. A nexus between secondary factors andthe claimed invention is required.Disclosure RequirementArticle 42, paragraph 3 of the Korean Patent Act stipulates: "the detailed description of the invention shall describe the purpose, construction and effect of the claimed invention in such a manner that an ordinary person skilled in the art may easily carry out the claimed invention." The detailed description of the invention must contain a full, clear and accurate description regarding the claimed invention in such a manner that an ordinary skilled person in the art can easily work the claimed invention. The Supreme Court interpreted this provision to mean that the description is deemed adequate only when an ordinary skilled person can reproduce or operate the claimed invention based on the detailed description without undue or unreasonable experimentation. This rule is comparable to the "enablement requirement" of U.S. patent law.Written DescriptionThe written description is required to have clarity. An applicant must adequately and clearly describe the invention in a manner that allows one skilled in the art to recognize that the inventor invented what is claimed.Enablement (Operability)One should be able to figure out the invention and reproduce claimed inventions without undue experimentation.No Best Mode Requirement in KoreaClaims DescriptionArticle 42, paragraph 4 of the Patent Act stipulates: "claims shall be supported by the detailed description of the invention and shall define the invention clearly and concisely." Claims must be supported by the detailed description of the invention. That means that the scope of each claim must be identical or equivalent to the subject matter described in the detailed description. Thus, an applicant should draft a specification to include a wide variety of examples with respect to the claimed invention.KIPO maintains a rather strict attitude towards the support requirement through itsnarrow interpretation of the scope of support. Often, a divisional application rather than an amendment of claims may be used to secure the broader scope of the protection and avoid prosecution estoppel. But, because it is required that the scope of a divisional application be within the scope of the original specification, in order to secure a broad scope of protection the original specification should include sufficient examples and the descriptions of its equivalents to support the claimed subject matter.Claim InterpretationAll Elements RuleThe scope of a patent is defined by the elements of a claim. It is well settled that each element in a claim is deemed material to defining the scope of the patented invention. Therefore, only when every element defined in a claim is found in an accused product or process, the accused product or process literally infringes the patent.Doctrine of EquivalentsSince 1998, the Patent Court and the Supreme Court adopted the doctrine of equivalents as a part of Korean patent law for interpreting claims. The rationales of the doctrine of equivalents in Korea are similar to those of the U.S. Thus, it is true that if the accused product or process performs substantially the same function in substantially the same way to obtain the substantially same result of the patented invention, the accused infringes the patent in Korea. In particular, the Patent Court and the Supreme Court held that the accused product or process infringes a patent where an element of the patented invention is substituted with another element and, if (i) the technical concepts or principle to solve the objective of the patented invention and the accused invention are the same or common; (ii) the substituted element in the accused invention performs substantially the same function in substantially the same way to obtain the substantially same result of the patented invention; (iii) such substitution is obvious to an ordinarily skilled person in the art. However, the doctrine of equivalents shall not be applicable to the circumstances that (iv) the accused substitution was already known to skilled persons in the art at the time of filing an application and (v) the accused element was excluded from the claimed invention during prosecution.Prosecution History EstoppelIt is established that based on the doctrine of equivalents a patentee cannot regain his rights to any elements that were abandoned through an amendment or a response during prosecution. For example, when an element is excluded through an amendment in order to secure novelty and non-obviousness in response to the examiner’s rejection, the Patent Court held that an invention with an equivalent element is outside the scope of the patent.The Supreme Court held that prosecution history estoppel should be applied in view of specification, opinions of an examiner from filing of the application to issuance of a patent and the intent of an applicant as indicated in the amendments and arguments during prosecution. Furthermore, in a patent containing more than one claim, the prosecution history of each claim should be independently reviewed to decide whether certain subject matter was intentionally excluded from the scope of the claim.Indirect Infringement (Contributory Infringement)Korea does not have inducement clause within its Patent Act unlike U.S. patent law. Thus, an inducement is outside the indirect infringement stipulations. However, if one actively induced someone to infringe the third party patent, the inducer might assume responsibilities for torts under civil law.Section 127 of the Patent Act stipulates that the act to make or use a non-staple part to construct a patented invention can amount to infringement of a patent right. According to the Supreme Court, a patentee assumes burden to prove that an alleged product is only for practicing the patented invention and is non-staple. When the accused person is found to have knowledge of infringing behavior and commits a contributory act for direct infringement and the accused product has no substantial non-infringing uses of the accused products, the accused is liable for contributory infringement.Pre-PleadingPatent MarkingUnlike an action where the patentee seeks a preliminary or permanent injunction against infringers, the patentee must prove the intent or negligence of infringers in order toobtain damage compensation from the infringers. Patent Marking is effective in proving the intent or negligence of infringers. The Korean Patent Act allows patent marking on a container or packages, and there is no specific format required. For a process-patent marking, the patentee should specifically indicate that the patent is a process patent, e.g., "Korean Process Patent No. xxx."Cease and Desist LetterWhen a patentee finds his patent right being infringed by a third party, he may send an alleged infringer a cease and desist letter to demand the cessation of infringement activities and warn the infringer of legal responsibilities. The accused infringer, at least from the day of receiving the warning letter, will not be able to deny his intent or negligence in the infringement activities. This warning letter plays an important role in proving the claim of damage compensation and the criminal liability for infringement in which requires intent of an infringer. Especially, in establishing the infringement, infringer’s intent is not presumed and even if a patent marking is present on the patented product, it is not easy to prove the infri nger’s intent beyond reasonable doubt. Hence, a patentee has often sent warning letters to infringers to point out the ownership of the patent and their infringing activities.Infringement LawsuitComplaint and AnswerA patentee may initiate a lawsuit by filing a complaint that includes the parties’information, purport of the lawsuit and grounds why the defendant is liable to the plaintiff. The plaintiff may seek a court granting an order of barring the opposing party’s infringing manufacturing, marketing and selling activities; the seizure or destruction of all finished or half-finished infringing products in the opposing party’s possession and/or compensation for damages.The defendant may submit a written answer to deny or accept the complaint within 30 days of being served the complaint. Due to independent nature of invalidity actions in Korea, the defendant may not file a counterclaim to invalidate the subject patent.No Discovery in KoreaExchanging Briefs and ExhibitsAfter the court has served the answer to the plaintiff, the parties are required to exchange briefs and exhibits. Each party may object to those exhibits that he feels are irrelevant or inappropriate. The plaintiff files his briefs at first, and then the defendant files his briefs in turn. A court may allow the parties having another opportunity to exchange briefs before a preparatory oral hearing. The court usually permits a 3~4 weeks period for each brief filing. The court usually rules on the admissibility of the objected exhibits in the oral hearing.Oral HearingIn the first oral hearing, the court will allow parties submitting their arguments and evidence and then will arrange the disputed facts and issues between parties. Through the briefs, parties will provide the court with the nature of the controversy, evidence, legal contentions that the parties believe support their positions. The court will decide what issues are presented by both parties and how the case will proceed. It is likely for parties to have two or more oral hearings in patent infringement case.EvidenceKorea does not have discovery procedures and jury trials. All lawsuits are tried by judges. Because judges are skilled in the rules of evidence, judges are usually lenient in allowing evidence to be introduced.Document RequestEach party can request the court to order the other party to submit relevant documents in issues. The party having the document must submit the document to the court. The court can enforce this order by monetary sanctions and evidentiary sanctions. Evidentiary sanctions include not allowing responding party’s submission of the evidence for his benefits, and more importantly may regard the requesting party’s assertion as true. Thedocument request is not applicable to attorney/client privilege documents, attorney work products and confidential information.Protective OrderIn case a party insists the document is private, trade secret, or others, the court may order the party to submit the document and then examine without the other pa rty’s participation. Hence it is not permitted for a respondent to refuse document submission for trade secret reasons. Only the party may seek court’s protective order on his information.Expert OpinionThe parties can retain experts to testify on their behalf. The party applying for expert opinion should submit expert candidates and manner of expert opinion, and further should pre-pay the cost. If the party applying for expert opinion wins the case, the prevailing party will recover the cost from the losing party. Patent cases need prudent expert opinions that usually need considerable time and cost.Court InspectionCourt inspection is adopted for judges to examine and analyze actual objects using the five senses of judges. The court inspection can be the most powerful means for proof if judges recognize the nature and contents of the subject evidence adequately. For example, judges may compare patent’s product with infringer’s product through watching experimentations or seeing or touching by themselves. Though ordinarily it is not easy for judges to comprehend the technical peculiarity through court inspection, is not seldom that the court allows parties court inspection.Oral Hearing for Explaining Technical Features (Markman Hearing)A court usually set an oral hearing for explaining technical features. Both parties explain the technical issues including background technology, claimed inventions, elements of the invention and comparison of elements between the patented invention and the accused product or process. Parties are permitted to use drawings, documents, power point presentations, models, real products, demonstrations, and others. It is themost important proceeding for parties to be able to have an influence on judge’s decision.Witness ExaminationThe party who calls a witness will conduct the first examination of the witness. The direct examination shall be done by using open-ended questions. For instance, any leading questions, which allow only for a “yes” or “no” answer, are not allowed. The opposing attorney has a chance to cross examine the witness and (s)he is allowed to use leading questions: cross examination. But the cross examination shall be limited to the subject matter raised during the direct examination. When the opposing attorney has finished his cross examination, the attorney who did direct examination has an opportunity to conduct redirect examination. The attorney again cannot use leading questions.Parties may submit an affidavit as documentary evidence for direct examination of a witness. In the oral hearing, only crucial points of the affidavit are examined and other details can be omitted in that direct examination. Accordingly, sufficient time is allotted for cross-examination. When a witness is hostile and is not under the influence of the requesting party, the party may file a motion that the witness must be summoned and when the motion is accepted the party must submit main contents for direct examination in advance.DefensesAffirmative Defense of InvalidityThe Supreme Court has maintained their firm position that when the patented invention lacks novelty over the prior art, the patent is unenforceable. Further an accused infringer may assert that his practice falls in the scope of publicly known technology in which he is entitled to freely use it. Under the Korean patent law, presumption of validity is not strong. It is not relevant to whether a prior art was considered by an examiner. Obviousness arguments will be in favor of invalidity where there is inevitable combination, no synergistic effect from combination, no unexpected result.As to the standing issue for an invalidity proceeding, a party having interest in invalidity may initiate an invalidity suit. The Patent Court held that a licensee in good standing may bring an invalidity suit.Other Affirmative DefenseProsecution history estoppel, experimental use, pharmaceutical clinical test, prior user right, intervening right can be used as defense. For instance, the patent right does not extend to acts done for experimental purposes relating to the subject matter of the patented invention. Further, clinical tests for the purpose of KFDA approval of generics does not infringe a patent right. Unlike the U.S. patent law, a declaratory judgment or inequitable conduct before the PTO defense is not available.Defendant’s Motion: Deposit Cost of Suit in AdvanceWhen a plaintiff is a foreigner having neither a residence nor a business office in Korea, a defendant can file a motion that the plaintiff has to deposit the cost of suit in advance. In this situation, a defendant is not required to respond to a plaintiff’s complaint until a plaintiff deposits the cost of the lawsuit. If the foreign party does not deposit by the date the court specifies, the court may dismiss the suit. In the case where the plaintiff is a foreigner and the defendant is a Korean, the Korean defendant usually file this motion to obtain enough time for considering defense and counterclaim. The foreign party may deposit a bond.RemediesPreliminary Injunction (PI)An IP right owner will seek to enjoin an infringer at the beginning of a lawsuit through preliminary injunction. The nature of a patent right is the right to exclude others. Once the patent has been held valid and infringed, the patentee is entitled to the full enjoyment and protection of the patent right. The infringer shall not be allowed to continue his infringement. However, a court allows a preliminary injunction only in extraordinary circumstances since a PI is drastic and extraordinary remedy. They aremet by showing a reasonable likelihood of success on the merits, the existence of irreparable harm to the patent owner if a PI is not granted; the balance of hardship between the patent owner and the infringer. Further, a PI should not be against the public interest.PI is often granted to a patentee in Korea. Under Korean patent law, because the validity of a patent and its enforceability are presumed and further irreparable harm is presumed where there is reasonable likelihood of success, preliminary injunction is granted when the accuser’s infringement is proved. Such presumptions are can be rebutted.In contrast, where a patentee has not practiced the patented invention within Korea, a preliminary injunction will not be allowed. Further, if it is probable the patent will be invalid through invalidation proceeding, it will be hard for the patentee to obtain a PI. A preliminary injunction may give full and final satisfactory remedy before a main lawsuit, and can cause significant suffering to the other party. Accordingly, a PI case shall be carefully decided by a panel of three judges.Permanent InjunctionUnder Korean patent law, when the infringement of a patent is found, a permanent injunction shall be automatically granted. Only in extraordinary circumstances like patent misuse or substantial injury to the public interest may a court deny a permanent injunction.DamagesIt is a tort to infringe an IP right. Under civil law principle, damages of torts will be awarded for those losses which have been, more or less, the direct and natural consequence of the defendant’s infringing activities. Unlike the U.S., courts in Korean never award "punitive," "exemplary" or "aggravated" damages for infringement of IP rights no matter how serious infringements are. Furthermore, there is no willful infringement clause and thus intent or negligence is treated identically and no treble damage award.Article 128 of the Korean Patent Act stipulates:(1) Where a patentee or an exclusive licensee claims compensation for damages from a personwho has intentionally or negligently infringed a patent right or exclusive license by transferring infringing articles, the amount of damages is calculated as the number of transferred articles multiplied by the profit per unit of the articles that the patentee or exclusive licensee might have sold but for the infringement. The compensation may not exceed the amount calculated as follows: the estimated profit per unit multiplied by the number of products that the patentee or the exclusive licensee could have produced subtracted by the number of articles sold. However, where the patentee or the exclusive licensee was unable to sell the product for circumstances other than infringement, a sum based on the number of articles subject to these circumstances must be deducted.(2) Where a patentee or an exclusive licensee claims compensation for damages from a personwho has intentionally or negligently infringed a patent right or exclusive license, the profits gained by the infringer as a result of the infringement are presumed to be the amount of damage suffered by the patentee or the exclusive licensee.(3) Where a patentee or an exclusive licensee claims compensation for damages from a personwho has intentionally or negligently infringed a patent right or exclusive license, the pecuniary amount that the patentee would normally be entitled to receive for working the patented invention may be claimed as the amount of damage suffered by the patentee. (4) Notwithstanding paragraph (3), where the amount of actual damages exceeds the amountreferred to in paragraph (3), the amount in excess may also be claimed as compensation for damage. When awarding damages, the court may consider whether the person who infringed the patent right or the exclusive license acted with willfulness or gross negligence.(5) In litigation related to a patent right or an exclusive license, where the court recognizes that the nature of the case makes it difficult to provide evidence proving the amount of damage that has occurred, notwithstanding paragraphs (1) to (4), the court may determine a reasonable amount based on the entirety of evidence and arguments.Lost ProfitsWhere a patentee and an infringer compete, lost profits are an appropriate remedy. Lost profits are the sum of profits that a patentee would have gained if the patent was not infringed. According to Article 128, paragraph 1 of the Korean patent act, lost profits of a patentee can be calculated by multiplying the patent ee’s profit per product unit by total。
韩国专利申请注意事项及特许法修改动向
韩国专利申请注意事项及特许法修改动向作者:徐芝永来源:《中国知识产权》2016年第02期许多中国申请人在提交韩国专利申请时,往往以为韩国和中国的专利申请制度基本上相似,因此根据中国专利法的内容来进行有关专利申请的事例比较多。
一方面,正如中国申请人所了解的,中韩两国的专利制度在很多方面的确存在相似点,比如新颖性、创造性、实用性等专利性要件等,但另一方面,韩国专利制度也具有其自身独特的特征,比如实用新型的实质审查、变更申请、再审查和驳回决定不服审判、订正制度等。
由于中国和韩国的专利制度在很多细节方面存有不同,因此中国申请人如想获得韩国专利权,应注意以下几个方面。
不仅如此,自2015年1月1日起施行的外文专利申请制度及自7月29日起施行的韩国特许法的部分修改内容也包括了一些重要申请制度的变化,比如新增了外文申请制度、放宽了主张不丧失新颖性的宽限期和提交证明文件的期限及提交分案申请的时机变化等内容。
为供中国申请人参考,如下将简单地介绍中国申请人提交韩国专利申请时需要注意的事项以及最近韩国特许法的修改动向。
提交韩国专利申请时需要注意的事项1.实用新型专利申请需要实质审查在韩国特许厅,无论是实用新型专利申请,还是发明专利申请,都会根据不同的技术分类而将该专利申请分配至相应的审查部门,因此审查员审查实用新型专利申请所需的时间与发明专利申请实审所需的时间基本相同。
据2014年韩国特许厅发表的统计,韩国发明专利申请和实用新型专利申请的实审时间大约为11.7个月。
2.在韩国对同样的发明创造不能同日提交发明专利申请和实用新型专利申请在韩国,目前只存在变更申请制度,其是指:申请人可以将发明专利申请变更为实用新型专利申请或将实用新型专利申请变更为发明专利申请。
但是,在韩国没有对同样的发明创造可以同日提交发明专利和实用新型专利申请的制度。
因此,中国申请人在提交韩国专利申请时,本所建议:首先考虑韩国实用新型专利申请需要通过实审这一情况之后,再选择要进行韩国专利申请的种类。
韩国专利法实施规则
韩国专利法实施规则好的,以下是 9 条关于韩国专利法实施规则的内容:1. 韩国专利法实施规则那可太重要啦!就好比你辛苦研发出个超级棒的发明,要是没有规则来保护,那岂不是瞬间就可能被人抢走成果呀!比如,张三好不容易研究出个超厉害的智能小玩意儿,没了规则,李四就能随随便便拿去用了,那张三得多郁闷啊!2. 你知道吗,韩国专利法实施规则是保障创新者权益的利器呀!想象一下,要是没有这些规则,那些搞创新的人还会有动力去创造新东西吗?就像王五满心欢喜搞发明,结果啥保护都没有,那他还会继续吗?肯定不会啦!3. 韩国专利法实施规则真不是闹着玩的呢!这就像是给创新成果围上了一圈坚固的篱笆呀!比如说陈六的发明,有了规则保护,别人就不能轻易闯进来夺走,这多让人安心啊!4. 哎呀呀,韩国专利法实施规则可是很严格的哟!它绝对不容许任何侵犯专利的行为存在呢!不是吗?就像赵七有个厉害的专利,要是有人敢乱来,那规则肯定会让他吃不消的!5. 你可不要小瞧了韩国专利法实施规则哦!这可关系到无数创新者的努力会不会白费呢!好比孙八辛苦好几年做出的成果,没有规则守护,难道不觉得可惜吗?6. 韩国专利法实施规则的存在是很有必要的呀!这就如同为创新世界点亮了一盏明灯呢!想想如果没有它,钱九的伟大创意该如何得到保障呀?7. 韩国专利法实施规则简直太关键啦!像是给专利所有者送上了一把尚方宝剑呀!就像郑十拥有了专利,规则让他能够理直气壮地保护自己的成果!8. 哇塞,韩国专利法实施规则真的很神奇呢!它能让创新的价值得到真正的体现啊!比如周十一的独特发明,有了规则,那价值可不是一般的高啦!9. 不得不说,韩国专利法实施规则是非常重要的!它能给创新者们一个安稳的环境去发挥呀!就好比吴十二能安心在规则的保护下尽情搞发明创造,这多棒呀!我的观点结论:韩国专利法实施规则对于保护创新成果、激励创新活动有着极为重要的作用,必须要严格执行和遵守。
韩国专利优先权证明文件
韩国专利优先权证明文件
韩国专利优先权证明文件通常由申请人在申请专利时提供,用于证明该专利申请享有优先权。
以下是一般情况下可能包含在韩国专利优先权证明文件中的一些信息:
1.申请人信息:证明文件通常包含申请人的详细信息,包括名称、
地址、国籍等。
2.原始申请信息:证明文件应包含与原始申请有关的详细信息,
如原始申请的国家、申请号、申请日期等。
3.优先权声明:证明文件应包含明确的优先权声明,说明该专利
申请享有在原始申请中确定的优先权。
4.申请文件副本:韩国专利局通常要求提供原始申请文件的副本,
以便核实优先权声明的合法性。
5.翻译文件:如果原始申请文件不是用韩文编写的,可能需要提
供韩文翻译文件。
6.法定声明:证明文件中可能包含一些法定声明,确认申请人对
提供的信息的真实性和准确性。
7.公证或认证:有时,证明文件可能需要通过公证或认证的方式
确认其真实性。
请注意,韩国专利法规可能会发生变化,具体要求可能会根据实际情况而异。
因此,在准备韩国专利优先权证明文件时,请仔细阅读韩国专利法规并遵循韩国专利局的要求。
如果有需要,建议咨询专业的知识产权律师或代理机构,以确保提供的证明文件符合韩国法规的要
求。
韩国发明专利与实用新型专利的转换如何办理
韩国发明专利与实用新型的转换如何办理根据韩国实用新型法第十条、第三十七条,以及韩国《专利审查指南》第六部分第二章的规定可知,针对发明专利申请也有相应的转换规定。
即发明专利申请与实用新型专利申请可以相互转换。
同样,根据韩国专利法第五十三条、第二百零九条的规定,提出实用新型专利申请(即原始申请)的申请人可以将本实用新型专利申请转换为原始说明书或附图公开范围内的发明专利申请(即转换申请)。
但是如果自发出经核准的《驳回通知书》副本之日起超过三十天,则无权请求转换。
申请转换的目的旨在保留原始申请的申请日的基础上,将原始申请转换为更有利的申请类型。
如果申请人根据先申请制匆忙提交申请,但选择了错误的申请形式或者误解了专利制度,抑或申请时难以确定提交申请的主题等,可以提交转换请求。
1、转换申请的程序(1)当申请人打算提交转换申请时,需要提交一个附有说明书及相关文件的新申请。
此外,申请人应声明转换申请的意图以及构成转换基础的原始申请。
(2)如果在提交转换申请时没有声明或错误声明原始申请,则转换申请应被视为不合法。
除了对明显错误的修改外,不接受对原始申请声明的修改。
(3)如果申请人打算提交一份要求披露例外(disclosure exceptions)或优先权的转换申请,应在书面转换申请中声明此要求的意图,并在规定期限内提交声明所需的证据文件。
如果在提交原始申请时未提出该披露例外或优先权要求,则不接受此类要求(以上内容不适用于2015年7月29日及之后提交的转换申请)。
有一例外情况:即使原始申请中描述了披露例外或优先权要求,但相关证据文件未在规定期限内提交,且转换申请包含该披露例外或优先权的要求,并且有关证据文件在转换申请的提交日之前的规定日期前提交,则该披露例外或优先权的要求被视为合法(除非在提交转换申请之前原始申请中的披露例外或优先权程序已经无效)。
2、转换申请的审查提交转换申请后,审查员应检查申请是否符合转换的形式要求。
世界各国专利制度
世界各国专利制度简介
香港等国或地区登录注册新式
样可延展四次,每次五年。
新式样 -- 半年 核准公告 5年(注册日起算)
发明
7年 2.5年 早期公开 20年(申请次日起算) 新式样可同时一次申请50件一组之同类物品。
新式样每5年延展一次。
新型 -- 半年 核准公告 10年(申请次日起算) 新式样 -- 半年 核准公告 20年(申请次日起算)
发明
18个月 2.5年 早期公开 20年(申请日起算) 新式样可再延25年
新型 -- 半年 核准公告
6年(申请日起算)
新式样
-- 1.5-2年 核准公告 25年(公告日起算)
发明 7年 2.5-4年 早期公开 20年(申请日起算) 1990年起改采”早期公开”及请
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韩国专利号格式
韩国专利号格式介绍专利号是专门用于标识专利的一组字符,不同国家使用不同的专利号格式。
本文将详细介绍韩国专利号的格式及其含义。
韩国专利号格式韩国专利号由10位数字组成,通常采用以下格式:X-YYYYYYY。
其中,X代表一个英文字母,表示专利类型;YYYYYYY代表一个七位数字,表示该类型专利的顺序号。
专利类型标识在韩国专利号中,X位用于表示专利的类型。
以下是常见的专利类型及其对应的字母表示:1.B:实用新型专利2.U:实用新型专利3.D:外观设计专利4.H:音乐专利5.C:化学专利6.P:制度专利7.F:飞机专利8.K:微生物专利9.S:植物专利10.A:农业技术专利专利顺序号韩国专利号的后七位数字表示该类型专利的顺序号。
该顺序号通常采取自然顺序,并且每一种类型的专利都有独立的顺序号编排。
示例以一个韩国发明专利为例,专利号为B-1234567。
其中,B表示实用新型专利,1234567是该类型专利的顺序号。
使用范围韩国专利号格式适用于所有在韩国申请的专利,无论是国内申请还是跨国申请。
通过专利号的格式,我们可以方便地辨识出专利的类型,从而更好地了解该专利的技术内容。
韩国专利号查询如果我们有一个韩国专利号,我们可以在韩国专利数据库中查询该专利的详细信息。
查询韩国专利号可以了解专利的状态、权利人、技术领域等相关信息。
以下是查询韩国专利号的步骤:1.打开韩国专利数据库网站(例如:[)。
2.在检索框中输入专利号(例如:B-1234567)。
3.点击查询按钮。
4.在查询结果页面中可以查看到该专利的详细信息。
韩国专利号的意义韩国专利号是标识韩国专利的重要依据。
通过韩国专利号,我们可以追溯和查证该专利的相关信息,包括专利类型、顺序号等。
对于专利申请人和专利权利人来说,韩国专利号也是其专利资产的重要组成部分。
小结本文详细介绍了韩国专利号的格式及其含义,包括专利类型标识和顺序号。
同时,也介绍了如何查询韩国专利号以及韩国专利号的意义。
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韩国专利制度
摘要:
一、韩国专利制度概述
二、韩国专利申请流程
三、韩国专利审查与授权
四、韩国专利侵权纠纷处理
五、我国企业应对策略
正文:
一、韩国专利制度概述
韩国专利制度是基于《专利法》建立的,旨在保护发明创造,鼓励创新。
韩国专利局(KIPO)负责专利的申请、审查和授权工作。
韩国专利法规定的专利类型主要包括发明专利、实用新型专利和外观设计专利。
二、韩国专利申请流程
1.检索:在申请专利前,首先要进行专利检索,以确定发明创造的新颖性和创造性。
2.申请:申请人需提交专利申请文件,包括申请书、说明书、权利要求书和摘要等。
3.审查:KIPO对提交的专利申请进行审查,确认申请符合专利法要求。
4.公示:申请通过审查后,公示为期3个月,期间公众可提出异议。
5.授权:公示期满无异议或异议不成立的,KIPO向申请人颁发专利证书。
三、韩国专利审查与授权
韩国专利审查过程中,审查员会对申请文件进行仔细审查,确保发明创造具有新颖性、创造性和实用性。
在专利授权前,KIPO还会对专利权人进行一定的调查,以确保其具备一定的创新能力。
四、韩国专利侵权纠纷处理
在韩国,专利侵权纠纷可以通过诉讼或调解解决。
一旦发现侵权行为,专利权人可以向法院提起诉讼,要求侵权者停止侵权行为、赔偿损失等。
此外,KIPO也会对侵权纠纷进行调解,帮助双方达成和解。
五、我国企业应对策略
1.关注韩国市场动态,及时了解韩国专利政策法规变化。
2.在韩国申请专利前,充分进行专利检索,确保发明创造的新颖性和创造性。
3.委托专业专利代理机构办理专利申请,提高专利申请的成功率。
4.加强对韩国专利侵权纠纷的监控,及时发现侵权行为,采取法律手段维权。
5.加强与韩国企业的技术交流与合作,促进技术创新和产业升级。
综上,韩国专利制度对于我国企业在韩国市场的发展具有重要意义。