高考高中英语阅读理解长难句分析+重点词汇用法

高考高中英语阅读理解长难句分析+重点词汇用法
长难句1：It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word. 译文：对他们来说，学会使用语言思考比了解每个单词的含义更重要。

长难句2: Whaley recalls how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
译文：Whaley回想起年初的时候，当要Chris朗读时，他就找借口要去卫生间。

分析：
when calledupon toread句中省略了he was。

点拨：
call upon sb to do sth:号召某人做某事
excuse oneself :请求准予离开
长难句3：Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart.
译文：有一天，Whaley对孩子们说，如果他们认为自己永远不可能成为总统，就举手，孩子们的回答令他十分伤心，然后Whaley想到了这个二年级总统竞选活动。

分析：
这个句子里有两个状语从句，分别是when引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句。

点拨：
presidential campaign project:总统竞选活动
break sb’s heart :使某人难过/ 心碎
长难句4：It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word. 译文：对他们来说，学会使用语言思考比了解每个单词的含义更重要。

长难句5: Whaley recalls how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
译文：Whaley回想起年初的时候，当要Chris朗读时，他就找借口要去卫生间。

分析：
when calledupon toread句中省略了he was。

点拨：
call upon sb to do sth:号召某人做某事
excuse oneself :请求准予离开
长难句6：Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart.
译文：有一天，Whaley对孩子们说，如果他们认为自己永远不可能成为总统，就举手，孩子们的回答令他十分伤心，然后Whaley想到了这个二年级总统竞选活动。

分析：
这个句子里有两个状语从句，分别是when引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句。

点拨：
presidential campaign project:总统竞选活动
break sb’s heart :使某人难过/ 心碎
长难句7：Team members must be able to express their opinions freely without fear of being criticized, and they must have the feeling that their suggestions will be taken seriously.
译文：团队成员必须能够自由地表达他们的意见，而不害怕被批评，必须让他们感到他们的建议会被认真对待。

分析：
英语善用名词表达动词的含义，如此句中的without fear of和they must have the feeling that。

that引导同位语从句说明the feeling的具体内容。

点拨：
without fear of being criticized：被动语态
be taken seriously：被认真对待
长难句8：He must, above all, be skilled in sharing responsibility and setting tasks to others, coaching them to achieve tasks, and providing constructive feedback on how the tasks went.
译文：最重要的是，他必须擅长于分担责任，为他人设定任务，指导他们完成任务，并就任务如何进行提供建设性的反馈。

点拨：
above all：最重要的是
be skilled in：擅长；be good at
share：分担
share responsibility共同承担责任
set tasks：安排任务
coach：训练(train)，培训，指导
go：进展
长难句9：The person appointed would be expected to carry out research work of a strategic nature across the range of businesses in which the CWU has or seeks membership and to contribute to the strategic thinking and direction of the union as a whole.
译文：被任命者应该在CWU拥有或寻求成为成员的企业范围内开展具有战略意义的研究工作，并为整个联盟的战略性思考和方向作出贡献。

分析：
本句的主干是The person appointed would be expected to carry out ... and to contribute to ...，其中in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词businesses。

点拨：
appoint：任命，委派
carry out：开展，进行
as a whole：总体上
长难句10：The study shows mothers matter all year long and not just on Mother’s Day. The emotional, physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never-ending, but children are also sources of great joy and happiness.
译文：研究表明，母亲不只是在母亲节那天，而是一整年里都起着重要作用。

母亲在孩子身上付出的情感、体力和精力可能是永无止境的，但是孩子也是幸福和快乐的源泉。

点拨：
devote oneself to：致力于，献身于，倾注于(to为介词)
长难句11：Then it hit me —I had been giving all of my attention to what was going wrong with my life rather than what was right!
译文：然后我突然想到，一直以来，我只关注到了生活中的问题而没有看到生活中的美好。

点拨：
hit：使突然想起；strike, occur to
长难句12：To this day I know that it was because I changed my way of thinking that I completely changed my life.
译文：直到今天我才明白，正是由于我改变了思维方式，我才彻底改变了自己的生活。

分析：
that 引导的是宾语从句，作动词know的宾语；在这个宾语从句中，含有一个强调句itis / was ... that / who ...，被强调的部分是because I changed my way of thinking。

长难句13：He is only too ready to help others, seldom, if ever, refusing them when they turn to him.
译文：他非常乐于助人，别人向他求助时，他很少，甚至从来没有拒绝过。

点拨：
turn to：求助于
长难句14：Your good heart will earn you many great things, including a job.
译文：你的热心肠会为你赢得很多美好的东西，包括一份工作。