新视野大学英语第四册读写教程 词汇练习+答案+补充

新视野大学英语第四册读写教程词汇练习+答案+补充(总14页)
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Unit 1
1) This disease is caused by a tiny worm which can _______ the skin of a
human being and cause a potentially serious illness.
A) transmit B) plunge C) penetrate
D) filter
2) The prime minister has made it clear that no _________ will be made to
the strikers.
A) sessions B) recessions C) concessions
D) conferences
3) The noise was so loud that it was a _________ to the neighbors.
A) nuisance B) trouble C) worry
D) anxiety
4) It's only by _____ luck that I can remain in the company when so many employees have to be dismissed.
A) perfect B) total C) sheer
D) thorough
5) He is ______ on all kinds of wine - beer, whisky, and so forth.
A) willing B) ready C) eager
D) keen
6) The government would not dare to ________ taxes on such needed foods as
bread or milk.
A) put B) impose C) force
D) emphasize
7) Oh, the steak I had last night was so ________! It was delicious.
A) mild B) slight C) light
D) tender
8) While they did not __________ any good results, they were still trying
their best.
A) count in B) count on C) count up
D) count out
9) They did not ________ to the enemy and determined to go on fighting.
A) yield B) apply C) resort
D) appeal
10) I said I might be late for dinner but he made such a _____ that I
thought I'd better arrive on time.
A) confusion B) initiative C) fuss
D) bark
11) I at last surrendered to the ________ and ate the last piece of
chocolate.
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A) intention B) appeal C)
temptation D) charm
12) I refused to tip the ______ , who left with an angry expression.
A) porter B) employee C) servant
D) assistant
13) Divorce rate in the US is very high, which is often _________ by money problems.
A) associated B) connected C) assisted
D) accompanied
14) You take everything too _______! Relax and enjoy yourself.
A) carefully B) gravely C)
seriously D) critically
15) You look thoroughly _______. Why don't you take a week's holiday?
A) run up B) run down C) run over
D) run off
16) Would it be more ______ in the long run to buy a second-hand television
rather than to rent one?
A) sensible B) sensitive C)
sentimental D) sensational
17) If you have not signed a contract, you are under no ______ to pay them
any money.
A) instinct B) influence C) sympathy
D) obligation
18) She no longer believed in him for his _______ promises all these years.
A) vacant B) empty C) bare
D) hollow
19) They all believed that internal peace and stability cannot be _______ by force.
A) protected B) guaranteed C) preserved
D) ensured
20) It must've taken a lot of courage for an adult to be _______ to such
shame and stress.
A) subjected B) attached C) related
D) resisted
Unit 2
1)If a ________ were to reach the gas it would go off at once.
A)spot B) spill C) spark
D) spray
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2) After about an hour and a half the party ______ because there was not
enough wine that evening.
A)broke off B) broke away C) broke up
D) broke through
3) House purchase is the biggest decision that most people make and the
easiest one to ____ for various reasons. A) postpone B) conduct
C) replace D) last
4) Somewhat to my _______, the police will soon eliminate her from their inquiries.
A)entertainment B) judgment C) relief
D) relaxation
5) The political weakness of these countries _________their economic
weakness.
A)compromised with B) competed with C) communicated to
D) corresponded to
6) A series of tragic _______ made Mr. Terres feel he has to face up to his
life.
A)accidents B) incidents C) events
D) occurrences
7) The foreign-born Chinese are thought of as yellow on the outside and
white on the inside because they only look like Chinese but never think or
______ like Chinese.
A)direct B) accustom C) adjust
D) behave
8) For many young people, the late 1960s was a period of _______ against the moral values that had been the pride of the past generations.
A)revolt B) rebel C) chaos
D) challenge
9) I promised to_________ the others at 5 .
A)rouse B) stimulate C) motivate
D) prompt
10) Prisoners are reported to have been deliberately _______ without trial.
A)murdered B) convicted C) executed
D) punished
11) This swimming costume is made of ______ material.
A)elastic B) clumsy C) coarse
D) delicious
12) Two drivers were killed in a head-on ________ down a car and a taxi last night.
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A)collapse B) conflict C) collision
D) crush
13) A few shots of this drug cleared up the disease ______
A)for long B) before long C) ever since
D) for good
14) The citizens in the neighborhood all___ for the local government's
decision to close the small paint factory. A) claimed B) cracked
C) clapped D) crashed
15) The government attempts to put down the______ of the president's sex scandal.
A)news B) rumor C) saying
D) proverb
16) The fact that we underestimated our ______ led to our bitter defeat.
A)opponent B) candidate C) colleague
D) advocate
17) The girls were all _____ of Grace because she was so pretty, with
beautiful hands and a face like a film-star's. A) greedy B)
controversial C) competitive D) jealous
18) The Watergate ______ was exposed by two investigative journalists
working for the Washington Post.
A)shame B) conviction C) rumor
D) scandal
19) Japanese banks, once _____ competitors in the British banking market,
have all but disappeared.
A)bold B) fierce C) wild
D) harmful
20) 5000 people held a protest march and_____ against sexual discrimination.
A)rally B) conjunction C) episode
D) riot
Unit 3
1) Prices of goods are governed by the cost of the ______ materials, as well
as by the cost of production.
A) primitive B) rough C)
original D) raw
2) In the countryside there are no ________ and no free medical care for the aged.
A) wages B) pensions C) profits D) rewards
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3) You are legally _________ take faulty goods back to the store where you purchased.
A) entitled to B) involved in C) associated
with D)assigned to
4) The headmaster has_______ views about what his pupils should wear.
A) noble B) flexible C) liberal
D) liable
5) She made a _______of $200 to the Children's Hospital.
A) publication B) donation C)
acquisition D) quotation
6) It is frightening for a youngster to feel that he is in charge of himself;
it's like being in a car without ________.
A) brakes B) controls C) gears
D) signals
7) Environmental protection is _________ national and local economic development.
A) related to B) involved in C) included in
D)subjected to
8) She made a _____ of $ 69,000 for the flat, which was accepted.
A) currency B) proposal C) bid
D) purchase
9) After the recent bomb attacks, members of the public are being warned to
be _____ at all times and to look out for any suspicious packages.
A) alert B) aware C) cautious
D) nervous
10) If the rain doesn't stop, people will be ________ serious flooding.
A) facing with B) faced with C) subjecting
with D) subjected with
11) It was _______ to the media that the president had resolved to fight.
A) leaked B) loosened C) relieved
D) issued
12) How do you _______your long absence from classes without asking for
leave?
A) account for B) count on C) account of
D) count for
13) They were ___ of armed robberies and sentenced to 15 years and 14 years respectively.
A) convicted B) convinced C) sentenced
D) condemned
14) Most flowers will not ____ without sunshine.
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A) cultivate B) boom C) sustain
D) thrive
15) I decided to keep a low ______, after all I was a guest.
A) profile B) position C) attitude
D) mood
16) If you throw away your credit card _______ and someone else gets it,
they can use the number to buy things in your name.
A) cheque B) ticket C) receipt
D) label
17) I eventually found the letter I was looking for under a ____ of papers.
A) stock B) stack C) piece
D) sequence
18) A small ______ plane crashed into a hillside in Northern England
yesterday, killing six people.
A) assembled B) dominated C) monitored
D) chartered
19) Mr. Thomson is strongly opposed to the proposal of constructing a power
plant in the area that is ____ populated.
A) densely B) vastly C) enormously
D) largely
20) In the ______ of physics, Albert Einstein was a genius.
A) settlement B) operation C) realm D) scope
Unit 4
1) The prisoner remained _________ throughout his trial.
A) clumsy B) deaf C)dumb
D) still
2) The Olympic Games began with a _______ of all the competing nations.
A) exhibition B) display C) parade
D) show
3) The editor ______the manuscript to half of its original length.
A) condensed B) condemned C) concealed
D) concentrated
4) Bombing, which was _______ in the city center, has destroyed most of the
major buildings.
A) integral B) intentional C) intensive
D) intense
5) His ________need to be loved springs from a deep sense of insecurity.
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A) crucial B) terminal C) intensive
D) desperate
6) The child finished the dessert and then _______ the plate.
A) scratch B) clicked C)licked
D) scraped
7) In 1974 and 1975, the economy plunged into the worst ______ since the
Great Depression of the 1930's.
A) reservation B) recreation C) reversion
D) recession
8) Be careful with the cat. It may ____ you if you make it angry.
A) punch B) scrape C)tear
D) scratch
9) They have all ______ significant amounts of time and energy in this project.
A) invested B) involved C) invented
D) integrated
10) My job could be at ________ if I make an error of judgment.
A) danger B) stake C) loss
D) threat
11) Studies showed that June is the _____ month for suicides and for
admitting patients to mental hospitals.
A) high B) peak C) common
D) rush
12) He has put his car entirely at our ____ for the holiday.
A) usage B) application C) disposition
D) disposal
13) The government's _________ is made up chiefly of the money people pay in taxes.
A) efficiency B) privilege C) revenue
D) validity
14) He ______ in working twelve hours a day in his laboratory in spite of
his rapidly declining health.
A) persisted B) insisted C) resisted
D) assisted
15) We must not _______ behind other nations in our efforts to help those
people made homeless by the great floods. A) decline B) delay
C) lack D) lag
16) Communication is the process of ____ a message from a source to an
audience via a channel.
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A) transmitting B) submitting C) transforming
D) switching
17) The computer has become smaller and cheaper and ____ more available to
a greater number of people.
A) yet B) hence C) still
D) nevertheless
18) Decrease the _______ of medicine as you feel better.
A) therapy B) prescription C) injection
D) dose
19) He was a war________ in Europe during the Second World War.
A) resident B) correspondent C) ambassador
D) applicant
20) _________ rubbers are widely used as a substitute for natural rubber.
A) Practical B) Compound C) Raw
D) Synthetic
Unit 5
1) He made great efforts to _______ her violent temper after she became his wife.
A) tend B) cultivate C) breed
D) tame
2) There is a strong possibility that the fire was started on _________.
A) choice B) purpose C) intention
D) design
3) Carefully _______, clear speech can now be understood by computers with
only a 4-5 percent error rate.
A) passed B) talked C)
dictated D) declared
4) This film is about a young man of________ origin, who wants to marry the beautiful daughter of a rich banker.
A) humble B) harsh C) wicked
D) wrecked
5) By the time he reached the shelter of the station he was soaked ________.
A) wet B) to the skin C) on the skin
D) over
6) The old woman almost _______ to death in the thick fumes.
A) blocked B) provoked C) choked
D) stroked
7) Soldiers who die for their country are said to have made the __________ sacrifice.
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A) supreme B) superficial C) supplementary
D) superior
8) __________ has prevailed and the guilty man has been punished by law.
A) Judgment B)Jury C) Justice
D)Justification
9) He will first give you a summary of the situation and then discuss it
at________.
A) detail B) extent C) degree D) length
10) Nothing seems to be sure for certain about the prediction of earthquakes __________.
A) for a long time B) for the first time C) for the time being D) from time to time
11) Immediately, she felt the floor ____ as the children started to beat drums in the small room.
A) shiver B) shake C) vibrate
D) tremble
12) _______ vegetables are believed to be healthful and environmentally friendly.
A) Superb B) Organic C) Vigorous D) Rotten
13) She felt their relationship had lost its initial excitement and had become __________.
A) static B) stained C) stable D) stale
14) They were of the generation that had gone through the Great ______ and a world war.
A) Boom B) Nightmare C) Depression
D) Disadvantage
15) They ______ no flaws in their plan because some VIPs will be present in the meeting.
A) resist B) sustain C) undergo
D) tolerate
16) Employers therefore ________ to the reduction of costs, most
particularly in wages, in
order to compete in world markets.
A) resorted B) appealed C) proceeded D) inclined
17) The _____ listened carefully to the evidence and concluded that the man was guilty.
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A) panel B) jury C) court
D) legislation
18) It is generally acknowledged that engineering science is an extremely ______ and theoretical science.
A) abstract B) practical C) concrete
D) superficial
19) She ____________ in delight upon hearing the good news.
A) grasped B) gripped C) claimed
D) exclaimed
20) This beef is rather tough; you have to ____ it for a long time.
A) chew B) bite C) eat
D) swallow
Unit 6
1) The boss always encourages his employees to go all out for a
___________business.
A) preliminary B) prosperous C) primitive
D) punctual
2) The badly wounded take __________ for medical attention over those only slightly hurt.
A) privilege B) precision C)
priority D) protein
3) He had little idea as to how far they had come and had ________ how many times they had fallen.
A) lost count of B) lost account of C) lost desire of D) lost deposit of
4) Change is a word that can bring either fear or excitement. It is human nature to ______ to change because it requires us to cross into the unknown.
A) intend B) incline C) subject
D) oppose
5) This virus can _______ antivirus and firewall software, so that victims have to reinstall the software in order to prevent future infections.
A) disable B) digest C) disguise
D) dispose
6) We really should meet sometime soon to discuss the details. What's the ______of fifty pounds in dollars?
A) episode B) equivalent C) evolution D) estate
7) One striking side effect of iron supplements is that they may produce a feeling of wanting to _______and may be poisonous in some cases.
A) throw out B) throw off C) throw up D) throw away
8) It seems that James has a talent for acting because he can _______his teacher's speech perfectly.
A) intimate B) investigate C) internalize D) imitate
9) Consequently, the brains of people who exercise may be better equipped to ______mental challenges.
A) trim B) twist C) torture D) tackle
10) Do you mean there will be less ______when civil servants' salaries increase, say, several times?
A) battery B) burden C) bribery
D) barrier
11) She racked her brains, staring unseeingly into the glowing fire and trying to ______a solution for the problem. A) hit at B) hit off
C) hit upon D) hit up
12) Despite earnest public awareness to address the need for organ______, there appears to be little prospect of increasing supplies to meet current shortages satisfactorily.
A) donation B) defect C) density
D) destruction
13) He claimed that the way he'd been treated was a _______of his civil rights.
A) victim B) violence C) variation
D) violation
14) I'm afraid his right arm will have to be taped to a board to ______a needle so that fluid may drop in.
A) sanction B) secure C) substitute
D) sweat
15) Few of his ministers are saying, even_______, that they expect him to lose the next election.
A) in practice B) in theory C) in effect D) in private
16) If you lose consciousness, even for a second, you have suffered brain damage and must ______from further competition.
A) withstand B) wax C) withdraw D) wreck
17) The shop assistant said they could give me a big _______if I bought three at once.
A) distribution B) division C)
diversity D) discount
18) If you can help him with the passage of a business deal, you can get a
_______of about ten thousand Yuan.
A) commission B) compound C) commitment
D) consumption
19) He _______making a false statement prior to entering the US, which
carries a sentence of up to five years in jail.
A) is starved of B) is accused of C) is charged of
D) is spoken of
20) Demands for change will continue, but it is difficult to imagine
_______progress being made in the immediate future.
A) successive B) sufficient C) surplus D) substantial
Unit 7
1) Now that house prices have fallen, the _________ related to the prices no longer seems so attractive.
A) account B) count C)
discount D) donation
2) The difference of attitudes from the schoolboys lies in the ________
between the home environment of the Asian and English children.
A) adjustment B) variation C) variety
D) modification
3) With various dreams in mind, many well-trained professionals steadily
________ to the United States in search of a good life.
A) migrated B) accelerated C)
illustrated D) integrated
4) This expert will ___________ his remarks to e-business this time.
A) concern B) concentrate C) condemn
D) confine
5) Ever since the discovery of AIDS there has been a growing concern about
our ability to ______________ it successfully.
A) convey B) consult C) confront
D) conduct
6) We were equally annoyed that all of what we heard was so _____________,
and based on such a shallow understanding of today's true environmental problems.
A) superb B) superficial C) superior
D) supreme
7) Most people ________ the lack of success is the result of his carelessness.
A) assume B) arouse C) accuse
D) assess
8) None of these could be regarded as solutions in themselves, but
___________ other measures outlined in the new deal, they can make a
substantial improvement.
A) in respect to B) in relation to C) in connection with D) in combination with
9) Hoping that he might be able to _____________ the problem, I asked Mario
to look at the engine.
A) in the light of B) shed some light on C) have an impact
on D) in view of
10) Now that Tony was no longer present, there was a __________ change in
her attitude.
A) distinctive B) diplomatic C) distinct
D) disgusting
11) It is said that everybody living in this valley ________ from those two families and their people.
A) decreases B) departs C) declines
D) descends
12) In fact we make choice between "flight or fight" and in more ________
days the choices made the difference between life or death.
A) primary B) primitive C) prime
D) principle
13) The opposition parties will always ________ government problems to their own advantage.
A) explore B) exploit C) exhaust
D) exhibit
14) I'm afraid you can't see him today because he was sent on an important
________ just an hour ago.
A) mission B) marine C) missile
D) memorial
15) If the project is a success, similar constructions may _________
elsewhere in the country.
A) take up B) make up C) spring up
D) come up
16) Roommate contracts give the residential adviser the right to ________
and urge the students to observe the terms they've agreed to follow.
A) supervise B) cultivate C) perform
D) instruct
17) The foreigner is so _________ by the Summer Palace that he's bound to
visit it at least once a year although he has visited it dozens of times.
A) frustrated B) fantastic C) fascinated
D) crazy
18) If the restaurant in ________ adds a service charge, then there would be fewer customers.
A) issue B) problem C) concern
D) question
19) The ________ in his article is that being a housewife is greatly
inferior to every other occupation.
A) implication B) reference C)
inference D) illustration
20) As a minister, judge and professor, I feel I am in _________ to speak
about the history of marriage, its importance in society, and the duties of
the married couple to each other and the wider community.
A) in a good position B) in a good condition C) in a long run D) in the long term
Unit 8
1)There is now a trend away from an ______________ academic curriculum
towards teaching more practical subjects in schools.
A) excessively B) exclusively C)
extensively D) exceedingly
2) Allen and Marian passed the beast ________, keeping as far as possible,
with their swords ready in hand.
A) casually B) creatively C) crucially
D) cautiously
3) He ________ his holiday to attend a business meeting.
A) broke up B) broke off C) broke down
D) broke through
4) We are very grateful to all people who ____________ their money.
A) have given out B) have given up C) have given of
D) have given back
5) The surprise and shock _____ on Owen’s face were so real that even I
would have thought them genuine.
A) registered B) recorded C) registering
D) recording
6) Three police officers ____________ the intense heat and smoke from the
fire and saved the children.
A) beat down B) beat up C) beat out
D) beat back
7) The annual dinner is a chance to _________ acquaintance with old friends.
A) regain B) refresh C) recover
D) renew
8) The enormous importance people _____________ these issues seems to have eventually encouraged the committee to address them in a more practical way.
A) attached to B) attaching to C) attach
to D) have attached to
9) When the post finally fell _________, they offered it to Frank.
A) empty B) vacant C) bare
D) hollow
10) The people should be offered relaxation ______ and stress management,
and advice on diet and exercise. A) remedy B)
treatment C) therapy D) method
11) The list of _________ included 500g of sugar and 200ml of cream.
A) ingredients B) elements C) materials
D) compounds
12) In the event of the horse _____________, perhaps by a strange noise or object, the muscles around the mouth will be contracted, resulting in
tightened lips.
A) to be stimulated B) being stimulated C)
stimulating D) stimulated
13) The hastily arranged visit has been _________ by growing concern in
Russia over the state of economic ties between the two countries.
A) prompted B) persuaded C) imposed
D) reinforced
14) Exposure to the sun can ____________ the ageing process.
A) access B) increase C) exceed D) accelerate
15) The students complained that they were _________ access to the computers.
A) refused B) declined C) denied
D) rejected
16) They are likely to do so only if the ___________ benefits exceed the expected costs.
A) interpreted B) interpreting C) perceived
D) perceiving
17) These results _____________ convincingly that our publicity campaign is working.
A) demonstrate B) determine C) illustrate
D) symbolize
18) Wool has a ______________ to shrink if it gets wet.
A) trend B) tendency C) feature
D) factor
19) The students burned the midnight oil because the final examination was
close _________.
A) at their elbow B) at will C) at
length D) at hand
20) We can have the dress _________ to fit you.
A) changed B) varied C) altered
D) modified
Unit 9
1)Robots are commonly used in factories to ______________ machines such as cars.
A) assemble B) resemble C) gather
D) organize
2) The company has worked out an __________ management training
scheme for graduates.
A) subtle B) elaborate C) careful
D) cautious
3) A business needs __________ and balanced growth, stable exchange rates, steady and competitive interest rates and low inflation. A) sustained
B) supported C) retained D) attained
4) It was very ______ of you to tell her about your pay raise when she has
been unemployed since last year. A) sensitive B)
correct C) incorrect D) insensitive
5) The lawyer _____________ that her client had never been near the scene of
the crime.
A) condemned B) condensed C) contended
D) consented
6) Often an _____________ helps you figure out ahead of time what your
reading will deal with.
A) illusion B) illustration C) implication
D) inspiration
7) Officials directly responsible for the occurrence of major activities that ________ the law and regulations should resign and get corresponding punishments in administration.
A) revolt B) regulate C) violate
D) resist
8) As a ___________ to union demands, the firm promised to increase the workers' pay.
A) comparison B) assumption C) supplement
D) concession
9) It is believed that a particular pattern of management behavior develops from a complex mixture of ________cultural factors.
A) unusual B) unique C) rare
D) odd
10) They believed that the plans they made had figured __________ in achieving their goal.
A) immensely B) enormously C) prominently D) extremely
11) However, when the unions proved reluctant to make concessions, the employers would have to ____________ the possibility of a lockout.
A) contemplate B) implement C) think
D) figure
12) Before marriage, one should ask oneself if one is ready to _________ one's responsibility for a family.
A) receive B) acknowledge C) secure
D) consult
13) I _____________ to have an argument over this issue with her.
A) gear up B) geared up C) will gear up D) was geared up
14) We ___________ that we will meet a certain amount of resistance to our plan.
A) evaluate B) anticipate C) assess
D) suspect
15) Finally, it became clear that no _________ conference would be possible without widening the discussions. A) preliminary B) ready
C) ahead D) primary
16) It was not ____________ to cycling; in fact it was so different that comparison was nonsense.
A) complicated B) comprehensive C) comparable
D) corresponding
17) The uncertainty of war __________ Europe for twenty-one years.
A) hung up B) hung over C) hung on
D) hung out
18) The new high speed train will____________ 25 minutes ___________ the journey time.
A) cut…off B) put…off C) take…off
D) shave …off
19) _________ plants need to be kept in a greenhouse during the winter.
A) Delicate B) Tender C) Weak
D) elegant
20) He demanded a ___________ of a previous decision.
A) review B) reversal C) revise
D) revival
Unit 10
1) He remained unchanged in his __________ commitment to his motherland no matter how the situation was. A) irrelevant B) inflexible
C) intensive D) influential
2) Goleman believes that the ___________ ability is the key to survival.
A) adoptive B) adjustable C) adaptive D) adequate
3) The job of data mining has become critical to helping _________ the mountains of data available on the Internet and in very large databases.
A) sort through B) go through C) break through
D) get through
4) Education should aim to __________ children's mind to its utmost potential.
A) exploit B) explore C) stimulate
D) cultivate
5) Instead of congratulating us upon our success, our professor counseled us to be ________.
A) modest B) moderate C) medium D) minimum
6) Most of the major West European countries __________ the concept of high speed rail networks.
A) appreciated B) embraced C) seized
D) grasped
7) To soften the blow, he would not ________ himself to giving brief information about his own health, but he would also mention the things he had heard or the things that had happened.。