推荐2019七年级英语下册Unit4Don’teatinclass短语语法知识点汇总新版人教新目标版

Unit 4 Don’t eat in class
一、基础归纳
【教材内容解析】
Section A
1.Don’t arrive late for class. (P. 19)
arrive作不及物动词，表示“到达”，接宾语时，需要加上介词in或者at。

When did you arrive?
We are arriving at the station at two o’clock.
【拓展】reach表示“到达”时，是及物动词，后面直接接表示地点的名词作宾语。

另外两个表示“到达”的动词（get和arrive）都是不及物动词，get to+地点；arrive in/at+地点。

After a long way, they reached/got to/arrived at the top of the mountain finally.
2.You must be on time. (P. 19)
on time用作固定短语，表示“准时、按时”，in time表示“及时”。

The train arrives on time.
The ambulance（救护车） arrives in time.
3.Don’t listen to music in class. (P. 19)
listen用作不及物动词，表示听的动作，后接宾语时，需要加上介词to，hear强调听的结果，表示“听到”。

This girl likes to listen to music.
Can you hear anything?
4.Don’t fight. (P. 19)
fight此处用作动词，意为“打架”，fight with sb.意为“与某人打架”。

Why do you sometimes fight with others?
5.listen to music outside (P. 20)
outside表示“在外边”，反义词为inside“在……里面”。

Don’t stay inside all the time. Let’s go outsid e to play together.
6.wear a hat (P. 20)
wear此处用作及物动词，意为“穿、戴”，表示穿着的状态，宾语可以是衣帽或者饰品。

She likes wearing a red coat.
The young lady wears a pair of sunglasses.
【拓展】辨析wear, put on和dress
7.Can we bring music players to school? (P. 20)
bring表示“带来”，强调从别的地方带到说话的地方，常与副词here连用；take表示“带走”，强调从说话的地方带去别的地方，常与副词there连用；carry表示“搬、抬”，没有方向性。

The students brought their homework to school in the morning and take them home after school.
Section B
1.practice the guitar (P. 22)
practice用作及物动词，表示“练习、训练”，后接名词或者动名词作宾语。

The girl is practicing playing the piano in the room.
2.help his mom make breakfast (P. 22)
① help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事
Can you help me with my homework?
② help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
He often helps his mother clean do housework.
③ with the help of 在……的帮助下
With the help of the doctor, the man gets better.
3.There are too many rules! (P. 23)
too many意为“太多”，用作形容词时，后接可数名词复数。

There are too many students in our school.
【拓展】too much, much too和too many辨析
4.Don’t leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen! (P. 23)
leave此处用作及物动词，意为“留下、剩下”，常用的结构为：leave+宾语+地点状语，表示“把某物忘在某地”。

I left my pen in the bedroom.
5.After dinner, I can’t relax either. (P. 23)
also, too, as well与either都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。

6.Parents and schools are sometimes strict, but remember,they make rules to help us. (P. 23)
(1) sometimes是频度副词，意为“有时”，相当于at times。

I sometimes play computer games on weekends.
【拓展】辨析sometimes, some times, sometime与some time
(2)strict用作形容词，意为“严格的、严厉的”，常用的短语为：be strict with sb.“对某人严格要求”。

She is strict with her son.
(3)remember的用法
① remember to do sth.“记得要去做某事”，强调动作还没有发生。

Remember to close the door when you leave.
② remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”，强调动作已经发生。

I remembered meeting him before. but I was not sure where it is.
7....I have to/must keep my hair short. (P. 24)
① keep sth. 保留某物
You can keep the book until the next weekend.
② keep doing sth. 一直做某事
The thief still kept stealing things after he went out of the prison.
③ keep+adj. 保持……
The girl eats a little to keep slim.
④ keep sb./sth.+adj./介词短语保持某人/某物……
We should keep the window open while we are asleep.
My mother keeps the vegetables in the fridge.
⑤ keep sb. doing sth. 保持某人做某事
The mother kept the baby crying on the bed.
8....because I have to learn to play the piano. (P. 24)
learn用作及物动词，表示“学习”，后常接名词、代词或者动词不定式作宾语。

He is learning a second foreign language.
Children should learn to walk by themselves.
9.I never have fun. (P. 24)
have fun意为“玩得开心”，相当于have a good/great time或者enjoy oneself。

have fun doing sth.意为“做某事很开心”。

We have fun learning English.
【语法讲解】
一祈使句
1 祈使句定义
用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。

祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号或感叹号。

2 祈使句结构
（1）第二人称祈使句通常用来向听话者发出命令，提出要求或建议。

这种祈使句的主语you 通常不表示出来，而是以动词原形开头。

（2）第一、三人称祈使句是以第一人称、第三人称代词或者名词等作为祈使的对象，这类祈使句通常以let为引导词表建议。

3 祈使句的强调形式及否定形式
（1）祈使句的强调形式是在整个结构之前加do。

（2）祈使句的否定形式是在整个结构之前加don’t 或never。

（3）以let为引导词的祈使句的否定形式通常是在Let’s 或Let us/ me后加not。

4祈使句的反意疑问句
（1）Let’s 表示第一人称的祈使句，反意疑问部分为“shall we”。

（2）Let me和Let us 表示第二人称的祈使句，反意疑问部分为“will you”。

（3）其他行为动词引起的祈使句，无论其陈述部分是否定还是肯定的，多用“will
二情态动词have to与must
情态动词must和have to都有“必须”的含义，它们的用法如下：
must “必须”、“应该”的用法:
1.must 表示“必须”、“应该”。

例如：We must protect our environment. 我们必须保护我们的环境。

Everyone must obey the rule. 每个人必须遵守规则。

2. must的否定形式must not表示“不应该”、“禁止”、“不准”。

语气比较强烈。

例如：You mustn’t speak like that.你不准像那样说话。

You mustn’t be late for school. 你禁止上学迟到。

3.在回答must的问句时，肯定形式用must来回答，但否定形式用needn’t 或don’t have to来回答。

而不用mustn’t来回答
——Must I be home before 8 o’clock?
——Yes, you must. No, you needn’t./No, you don’t have to.
have to 表示“必须”、“不得不”，
He has to stay in bed for 3 or 4 days.
We will have to get up early tomorrow.
must与 have to的区别：
must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则表示的是客观需要。

Must一般只有现在时，而have to有更多的形式。

I must go now.(主观看法)
My mother is ill, so I have to go now.(客观需要)。