Unit 2 Neighbours 课时3 Grammar(教师版)-七年级英语下册同步精品讲义

Unit 2 Neighbours
Grammar
知识精讲
知识点1 一般将来时教材P23-24
【用法详解】
1. 含义：用来表示在将来发生的动作或存在的状态。

2. 基本结构：
（1）am/is/are going to + 动词原形
（2）will+ 动词原形（主语部分可以是各种人称）
（3）shall+ 动词原形（主语部分为第一人称）
3. 用法：
①will + 动词原形，表示将来要发生的动作或是存在的状态。

Will you be back in two days?
②当句中主语是I或者we时，一般使用shall, 表示征求对方的意见。

When shall we meet tomorrow?
③be going to +动词原形，表示计划、打算做某事，表示已决定的并很可能发生的事。

What are you going to do next Sunday?
Look at the clouds. There is going to be a storm.
4.be going to+动词原形和will+动词原形的比较
①若是强调某个意图是经过事先考虑好的，则通常要用be going to；若是表示某个意图没有经过事先考虑，而是在说话的当时才临时想到的，则通常用will。

—Ann is in hospital. 安住院了。

—Oh, really? I didn’t know. I’ll go and visit her. 啊，真的吗？我还不知道。

我要去看看她。

(临时想法，不能用be going to)
—Ann is in hospital. 安住院了。

—Yes, I know. I’m going to visit her tomorrow. 我知道，我打算明天去看看她。

(事先考虑的意图，不能用will)
②若是有迹象表明要发生某事，通常只用be going to，不用will。

Look at those black clouds. It’s going to rain.
③带有时间或条件状语从句的主句通常不宜用be going to，而用will。

When he comes back, I will tell him the news.
If he comes back, I will tell him the news.
5.与一般将来时连用的时间状语：
（1）tomorrow, the day after tomorrow
（2）next...: next week, next year等
（3）in...: in three years, in a week等
（4）soon, before long(不久之后)等
【典例讲解】
1.There ________ an English party in our school next week, isn’t there?
A.is going to
B.will be
C.is going to be
D.is going to have
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：下周我们学校将有一个英语晚会，不是吗？考查there be句型的一般将来时。

there be句型不能与have 一起连用，排除D选项。

根据“next week”可知，此处用一般将来时there will be或there is/are going to be，根据“isn’t”可知，此空应填is going to be，故选C。

2.—When ________ we go there tomorrow?
—I ________ meet you at 10 o’clock.
A.do; will
B.will; am
C.shall; will
D.shall; won’t
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：——我们明天什么时候到那？——我会10点见你。

考查时态。

shall多用于第一人称，表将来；will 用于一般现在时；do助动词；am系动词；won’t不会。

第一个空是助动词或情态动词，根据“tomorrow”可知，此空用shall或者will；第二个空缺少助动词，表将来用will do结构。

故选C。

3.Simon hopes Li Lei, his best friend ________ a football star in the world.
A.are
B.to be
C.will be
D.be
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：西蒙希望他最好的朋友李雷能成为世界上的足球明星。

考查hope的用法和时态辨析。

hope有两种结
构，hope to do sth.和hope (that)，根据句子结构可知此处hope后接宾语从句，希望是还未发生的事情，从句用一般将来时，其结构为will do。

故选C。

4—Do you think grandpa and grandma ________ late?
—No, the train is usually on time.
A.are
B.were
C.was
D.will be
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：——你认为爷爷奶奶会晚到么？——不会，火车通常都很准时。

考查宾语从句时态的用法。

根据“Do you think”可知宾语从句的主句是一般现在时，故从句时态不受限制；根据“the train is usually on time.”可知，语境指爷爷奶奶坐火车会晚到么，故推测从句时态是一般将来时。

故选D。

5.Listen to the weather report, and you’ll know what the weather ________ like next week.
A.is
B.was
C.will be
D.is being
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：听天气预报，你就会知道下周的天气会怎么样。

考查动词时态。

根据时间状语“next week”可知，句子应是一般将来时，构成形式为：will do。

故选C。

能力拓展
一．单项选择。

1.—There ________ a football match in the sports centre next week.
—Great!
A.is going to have
B.will have
C.is going to be
D.are going to be
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：——下周在体育中心将有一场足球比赛。

——太棒了！考查there be句型和主谓一致。

there be句型表示“在某时或某地有某人或某物”，have表示“某人或某物拥有某物”，根据“in the sports centre next week.”可知，此处表示“下周在体育中心有一场足球比赛”，因此用there be句型，排除AB两项。

主语a football match 是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故选C。

2.The parents hope their son _______ a basketball player in the future.
A.does
B.will be
C.to be
D.do
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：这对父母希望他们的儿子以后成为一个篮球运动员。

考查宾语从句和一般将来时。

句子谓语动词是hope“希望”，其后可直接接动词不定式或者从句作宾语，但没有hope sb. to do的结构，故排除选项C；本句话是一个省略引导词that的宾语从句，主句时态为一般现在时，根据从句时间状语in the future“在将来”可知，此处应使用一般将来时will+do，“将要成为”即will be，故选B。

3.—Dad, Jack’s father ________ going to buy some bread. ________ we buy some, too?
—OK, dear!
A.will; Will
B.will; Shall
C.is; Shall
D.are; Shall
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：——爸爸，Jack的爸爸打算买一些面包。

我们也买一些吗？——好的，亲爱的！
考查一般将来时的结构。

一般将来时的结构是：be going to do或will/shall do，第一空后有going，且主语是第三人称单数形式，故第一空填is。

第二个主语we是第一人称，用助动词shall。

故选C。

4.—Who ________ buy a new sweater for her father? —Mary will.
A.is
B.is going to
C.will
D.shall
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：——谁将会给她父亲买一件新毛衣？——玛丽会的。

考查一般将来时。

is是；is going to计划，打算；will将、会；shall将。

根据“Mary will.”可知，此处表将来时的词用的是will，答语与问句要一致，因此问句也应该用will。

故选C。

5.Look at the black clouds! I think it ________.
A.rains
B.will rain
C.is raining
D.is going to rain
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：看那乌云。

我认为天要下雨。

考查动词时态。

rain是动词，意为“下雨”。

由“black clouds”，可知即将下雨，用一般将来时。

be going to do sth.常见的用法为：①表示按计划或安排打算去做某事；②表示有迹象表明要发生某事。

will do没有此用法。

此题是第二个用法，用be going to表将来。

故D。

6.—___________ Mr. Smith visit Beijing last week?
—No, but he ___________ Beijing with his son next time.
A.Did; visits
B.Did; will visit
C.Does; visits
D.Will; will visit
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：——史密斯先生上周访问过北京吗？——没有，但他下次和儿子一起去了北京。

考查时态。

根据首句的last week可知是一般过去时态，故排除CD；根据第二句的next time可知是一般将来时，结构为will do。

故选B。

7.—Keep the door and window ________. It is so cold.
—OK, I ________.
A.closing; will
B.open; do
C.closed; will
D.opened; do
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：——把门窗关好。

太冷了。

——好的，我会的。

考查形容词和助动词辨析。

closing结尾的；closed 关着的；open开着的；opened动词过去式，打开。

第一空考查“keep+名词+形容词”，表示“让……处于某种状态”，根据后面“It is so cold.”可知，此处表示把门窗“关好”，所以第一空是closed；第二空，根据语境，可以推断这件事情应该还没有做，后面的回答应该用一般将来时，所以用will。

故选C。

8.Jack, with his friends, ________ see Mr. Chen tomorrow.
A.are going to
B.will go
C.is going to
D.go to
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：杰克和他的朋友打算明天去看陈先生。

考查主谓一致和一般将来时。

根据“tomorrow”一词可知时态用一般将来时，由语境可知此处表示“打算看陈先生”，用be going to结构，而will无此意；根据“Jack”和“with his friends”可知谓语遵循“就近原则”，动词用第三人称单数形式。

故选C。

9.There ________ a basketball match between Class Two and Class Six in 10 minutes.
A.is going to have
B.will have
C.is going to be
D.is
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：10分钟后，二班和六班将有一场篮球比赛。

考查there be结构的一般将来时。

分析句子可知，本句是句型there be“有”，根据“in 10 minutes”可知此处用there be结构的一般将来时：there is going to be/there will be“将会有”。

故选C。

10.—Look! There come the dark clouds. I’m afraid it ________.
—Take an umbrella with you.
A.will rain
B.is going to rain
C.rained
D.rains
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：——看！乌云来了。

恐怕要下雨了。

——带把伞吧。

考查一般将来时。

rain下雨；根据句中的“There come the dark clouds.”可知，乌云来了，由此说明还没有下雨，因此，时态为一般将来时，其结构为；be going to/will+动词原形；be going to表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情；will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。

句中的“I’m afraid”表示自己对下雨的担心，是主观上的判断。

故选B。

分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.We hope Daniel’s dream ____ (come) true when he grows up.
【答案】will come
【解析】
句意：我们希望丹尼尔长大后梦想成真。

本句是主从复合句，主句是We hope，从句是Daniel’s dream ____ (come) true when he grows up，作hope的宾语。

宾语从句中还有when引导的时间状语从句，when引导的时间状语从句，表达将来的事情，从句使用一般现在时，主句使用一般将来时。

结合句意和所给词可知答案是will come。

2.Jimmy _____________ (not go) to the cinema tonight, because he has a lot of homework __________ (do)
【答案】won’t go to do
【解析】
句意：吉米今晚不去看电影，因为他有很多作业要做。

have sth. to do有某事要做；本句是原因状语从句。

根据句意语境可知，主句用一般将来时“will + do”结构，结合英文提示可知，是否定句，故填won’t go；to do。

3.Look at the clouds in the sky, I think it ______________ (rain)
【答案】is going to rain
【解析】
句意：看天上的云，我想天要下雨了。

根据句意语境和英文提示，可知用一般将来时表示“由迹象表明要发生什么事”，需用“be going to+ 原形动词”结构；it是单数第三人称，系词需用is，故填is going to rain。

4.Who _____________ (teach) us Maths next term? Mr.Zhang will.
【答案】will teach
【解析】
句意：下学期谁教我们数学?张先生。

next term下个学期，用于一般将来时，即“will + do”结构；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填will teach。

5.To win the match, Simon hopes his brother ________ (join) football team.
【答案】will join
【解析】
句意：为了赢得这场比赛，西蒙希望他的哥哥加入足球队。

根据“Simon hopes his brother…football team.”可知，加入足球队这个事情还未发生，要用一般将来时will do的结构，故填will join。

6.She _________(sing) Bei jing opera at tomorrow’s party.
【答案】is going to sing
【解析】
句意：在明天的聚会上她要唱京剧。

根据be going to do sth将要做某事，根据主语she，可知be动词用is，故填is going to sing。

7.An old friend of my ___________ (father) _____________ (see) him tonight
【答案】father’s will see / is going to see
【解析】
句意：我父亲的一位老朋友今晚将要去看他。

根据句意可知第一个空格应用father的名词所有格形式father’s，指“我父亲的一位老朋友”；由tonight可知句子时态用一般将来时，其结构为will+动词原形，或be going to+动词原形，主语是单数，所以be动词用is；故答案填(1). father’s (2). will see/is going to see。

8.If you get up late, you __________(miss) the early bus.
【答案】will miss
【解析】
句意：如果你起床晚了，你就会错过早班车。

由题干可知本句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，所以这里应用一般将来时态，其结构为：will+动词原形。

故填will miss。

9.Go along Fifth Street, and you ________(see) the train station.
【答案】will see
【解析】
句意：沿着第五大街往前走，你就可以看到火车站。

根据句意可知，这里表示将要发生的事情，故用一般将来时，故填will see。

10.－Who ____________(drive) you to school this afternoon? －My uncle is.
【答案】is going to drive
【解析】
句意：--今天下午谁要开车送你去学校？--我的叔叔。

根据时间状语this afternoon可知用一般将来时。

一般将来时的的结构有will do 和be going to do，根据后文My uncle is.可知用的是be going to do 的结构，故答案是is going to drive。

题组B 能力提升练
一、完型填空
Mr. Clarke works in a middle school. He likes reading and often __1__ some books from the library. He __2__ to the radio every morning and reads __3__ after supper. So he knows much and teaches well. His __4__ worship (崇拜) him very much.
Mike, Mr. Clarke’s little son, is only nine. He __5__ likes reading books. And he often asks his father some questions. But Mr. Clarke always thinks he’s very __6__ and he can’t understand him so he chooses __7__ ones to answer. Of course the boy is not satisfied with (对……满意) it.
One day, Mike reads __8__ about the electric lights (电灯) and is __9__ it.
When his father tells him to do some housework, the son goes on thinking of it. He asks the father __10__ questions, and his father answers all.
Then his father says proudly, “Fathers always know __11__ than sons!”
The boy thinks for a while and says, “ __12__.”
“Oh? Why?”
Mike doesn’t answer but asks __13__, “Who invented the electric lights?”
“__14__.”answers Mr. Clarke.
“Why didn’t his father invent them, then?”
Looking at his son, Mr. Clarke didn’t know __15__ to answer it.
1.A.finds B.sells C.buys D.borrows
2.A.hears B.listens C.says D.reads
3.A.newspapers B.letters C.stories D.messages
4.A.teachers B.parents C.students D.classmates
5.A.also B.never C.even D.only
6.A.old B.young C.clever D.smart
7.A.difficult B.different C.easy D.the same
8.A.everything B.nothing C.anything D.something
9.A.good at B.interested in C.afraid of D.good for
10.A.little B.a little C.few D.a few
1.A.more B.bigger C.less D.smaller
2.A.I don’t think so B.I don’t know C.I think so D.I agree
3.A.sadly B.carefully C.funny D.quickly
4.A.Thomas Brown B.Allan Smith C.Thomas Edison D.Ron Jenkins
5.A.when B.how C.where D.what
【答案】1-5 DBACA 6-10 BCDBD 11-15 AADCB
【文章大意】
本文主要介绍了Mr. Clarke与他的儿子Mike之间的故事。

【解析】
1.句意：他喜欢阅读，经常从图书馆借书。

finds发现、找到；sells卖；buys买；borrows借。

根据“from the library”可知，此处是指从图书馆借书。

故选D。

2.句意：他每天早上听收音机，晚饭后读报纸。

hears听到；listens听；says说；reads读。

listen to“听”，固定短语。

故选B。

3.句意：他每天早上听收音机，晚饭后读报纸。

newspapers报纸；letters信；stories故事；messages信息。

根据“So he knows much and teaches well.”可知，他经常读报纸。

故选A。

4.句意：他的学生们很崇拜他。

teachers教师；parents父母；students学生；classmates同学。

根据“works in
a middle school”可知，是学生崇拜他。

故选C。

5.句意：他也喜欢阅读.。

also也；never从不；even即使；only仅仅。

根据“And he often asks his father some
ques tions.” 可知，他看书后有问题，故此处指他的儿子也喜欢读书。

故选A。

6.句意：克拉克先生总认为他太小了听不明白，因此他选择容易的回答。

old老的；young年轻的；clever 聪明的；smart聪明的。

too...to“太……而不能……”，爸爸认为儿子太小了而听不懂，故选B。

7.句意：克拉克先生总认为他太小了听不明白，因此他选择容易的回答。

difficult困难的；different不同的；easy容易的；the same相同的。

根据前文“But Mr. Clarke always thinks he’s very…and he can’t understand him”可知，克拉克先生选择容易的问题回答。

故选C。

8.句意：一天，麦克读到了关于电灯的文章，并对它感兴趣。

everything每件事物；nothing没有东西；anything 任何事物；something某事物。

something用于肯定句，读书只是了解了一些关于电灯的知识，不会是所有的。

故选D。

9.句意：一天，麦克读到了关于电灯的文章，并对它感兴趣。

be good at擅长；be interested in对……感兴趣；be afraid of 害怕；be good for对……有好处。

根据下文“When his father tells him to do some housework, the son goes on thinking of it.”可知，Mike对它感兴趣。

故选B。

10.句意：他问爸爸一些问题，他爸爸回答所有的问题。

little几乎没有；a little一些（修饰不可数名词）；few 几乎没有；a few一些（修饰可数名词复数）。

根据“questions”可知，此处指“问他爸爸一些问题”，应该用a few。

故选D。

11.句意：爸爸总是知道的比儿子多。

more更多的；bigger更大的；less更少的；smaller更小的。

根据“his father answers all.”可知，克拉克先生认为：爸爸总是知道的比儿子多。

故选A。

12.句意：我不这么认为。

I don’t think so我不这样认为；I don’t know我不知道；I think so我认为如此；I agree 我同意。

根据“Why didn’t his father invent them, then”可知，Mike不同意爸爸的观点。

故选A。

13.句意：麦克没有回答，而是迅速地问“谁发明了电灯？”sadly难过地；carefully仔细地；funny有趣的；quickly 迅速地。

根据“Who invented the electric lights?”可知，Mike迅速地问他爸爸一个新问题。

故选D。

14.句意：克拉克先生回答：“托马斯.爱迪生。

”Thomas Brown托马斯.布朗；Allan Smith阿伦.史密斯；Thomas Edison托马斯.爱迪生；Ron Jenkins罗恩.詹金斯。

根据常识可知，电灯是托马斯.爱迪生发明的。

故选C。

15.句意：看着他的儿子，克拉克不知怎么回答了。

when当……时；how怎样；where哪里；what什么。

对于儿子的问题，他不知怎么回答了。

故选B。

题组C 培优拔尖练
一、阅读理解
A
Do you like mice (老鼠)? I think most people will say NO. People think mice are dirty and make people ill. Is that true? Today, let’s talk about this kind of animal.
Many people think mice are nasty and that’s not true. In fact (事实上), mice wash their bodies a few times a day. Most mice like to live near people because they can get food and a good home easily. Mice are small animals. They can only live for one t o three years and they can’t see things well.
Mice are good at climbing. They can climb trees quickly. Mice are also good at swimming. They can swim fast in the water. Mice are clever animals and they can learn things quickly. If you put them in a maze (迷宫), they can quickly find their way out.
Mice are very useful to scientists. Scientists usually use them to do some experiments (试验). We can also see mice in some films. Many children like Disney’s Mickey Mouse.
1.What can we learn from Paragraph (段落) Two?
A.Mice don’t wash their bodies every day.
B.Most mice live far from people.
C.Mice can live a very long life.
D.Mice can’t see things well.
2.Mice can get out of a maze quickly because ________.
A.they are good at swimming
B.they are clever
C.they can do experiments
D.they run fast
3.The underlined word “nasty” means ________ in Chinese.
A.笨的
B.干净的
C.肮脏的
D.可爱的
4.According to the passage, which of the following sentence is NOT true?
A.Most people don’t like mice.
B.Mice climb trees quickly.
C.Mice are useful to everybody.
D.Many children like Disney’s Mickey Mouse.
5.Why does the writer write the passage?
A.To ask people to be away from mice.
B.To tell people something about mice.
C.To ask people to work with mice.
D.To ask people to help mice.
【答案】DBCCB
【文章大意】
本文主要介绍了一些与老鼠有关的信息，来扭转人们对老鼠不好的印象。

【解析】
1.细节理解题。

根据“they can’t see things well”可知，它们看不清东西，故选D。

2.细节理解题。

根据“Mice are clever animals and they can learn things quickly. If you put them in a maze (迷宫),
they can quickly find their way out”可知，因为它们很聪明，故选B。

3.词义猜测题。

根据“In fact (事实上), mice wash their bodies a few times a day”可知，此处解释老鼠并不脏，故选C。

4.推理判断题。

根据“Mice are very useful to scientist”可知，老鼠对科学家是有用的，而不是每个人，所以C 表述错误，故选C。

5.主旨大意题。

根据“Today, let’s talk about this kind of animal”可知，本文是想告诉人们一些关于老鼠的事情，故选B。

B
Laura is at the airport (机场). She waits for her plane. Her plane is to Berlin, and it is 4 hours away. Laura walks around the shops.
After an hour she wants to go to the bathroom. But she doesn’t find it. “Where is the bathroom?” she says. She starts asking other people. Laura sa ys to a man, “Excuse me, sir. Could you please tell me where the bathroom is?” The man says, “You mean the restroom, right?” Laura says, “No, I mean the bathroom.” “Well, the restroom is over there.” He says and walks away.
Laura doesn’t understand. She asks a woman, “Excuse me, Madam. Could you please tell me where the bathroom is?” The restroom is over there,” the lady answers and walks away. Laura is confused. “What’s wrong? I need to use the bathroom and they tell me to rest!”
Then Laura gives up (放弃). She feels tired and thinks she needs to rest.
She walks to the restroom. Now she is surprised. She realized (意识到) the restroom is the name for a public (公共的) bathroom.
ura will go to ________.
A.the airport
B.the shop
C.a restaurant
D.Berlin
ura asks ______ where the bathroom is.
A.a boy
B.a man and a woman
C.two men
D.nobody
8.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “confused”?
A.兴奋的
B.明白的
C.迷惑的
D.发怒的
9.The passage tells us ______.
A.the culture (文化) about language (语言)
B.the rules (规则) at the airport
C.the people are not kind
D.the restroom is for rest
【答案】DBCA
【文章大意】
本篇文章主要讲述劳拉在等飞机时想去卫生间，但是由于语言文化的差异，一直没明白对方的含义。

当她找到人们口中的“restroom”，才发现“restroom”就是“bathroom”的意思。

【解析】
6.细节理解题。

根据“Her plane is to Berlin, and it is 4 hours away.她的飞机去柏林，还有4个小时。

”可知，劳拉将要去柏林。

故选D。

7.细节理解题。

根据“Laura says to a man, ‘Excuse me, sir. Could you please tell me where the bathroom is?’”以及“She asks a woman, ‘Excuse me, madam, Could you please tell me where the bathroom is?’”可知，劳拉询问“卫生间在哪”一共问了两个人，即一个男人和一个女人。

故选B。

8.词义猜测题。

根据下文“‘What’s wrong?I need to use the bathroom and they tell me to rest!’”可知，“怎么回事？我需要去卫生间，他们告诉我去休息！”由此可推断，两个人的回答让劳拉感到很“迷惑”，因此，画线部分单词的意思是“迷惑的”。

故选C。

9.主旨大意题。

本文主要讲述劳拉要去卫生间，所以劳拉说bathroom“卫生间”，而其他人说restroom“卫生间”，这是语言的文化。

故选A。