新概念英语第二册笔记：lesson 58 A blessing in disguise

lesson 58 A blessing in disguise?
blessing n. (single) 神恩，福气，福分，神的保佑；祷告
ask for God’s blessing 求神保佑
say a blessing 做祷告
a blessing in disguise 初看似乎不幸，过后看来确实幸运的事；祸中福
count one’s blessings 知足
bless – blessed – blessed v. 求神赐福于某人或某事；赐予某人健康，幸福及成功
eg. Bless those who are hungry, lonely or sick. 求神赐福于那些饥饿，孤独或患病的人。

eg. Mrs. white is blessed with 12 children. 怀特太太有12个孩子，很有福气。

eg. God bless you! ( 用作感叹词，表示谢意或请以，或当别人打喷嚏时说)
eg. You’ve bought me a present? Bless you！你给我买了一份礼物是吗？太感谢你了。

disguise
1)n. 伪装
wear a beard as a disguise 戴着络腮胡子作为伪装
eg. He was in disguise, so I couldn’t recognize him. 他乔装打扮过了，所以我没认出来。

eg. She made no disguise of her contempt. 她很露骨地表示出轻蔑之意。

2）v. 伪装，假扮
eg. I couldn’t disguise my anger. 我无法掩饰我的愤怒。

eg. He disguised himself as a woman for fun. 他男扮女装只为了好玩。

disguise one’s voice 改变说话腔调，发假声音
tiny adj. 极小的
tiny – tinier – tiniest
small 小的
little 小的（含有可爱之意）
mini- 构成复合词
minibus 小公共汽车
miniskirt 迷你裙
minicab 小的出租汽车
puny （贬义）弱小的，瘦小的，发育不全的，未充分发挥的eg. A tiny girl was singing very well on TV. 一个纤小的女孩在电视上唱得很好。

possess v. 拥有
eg. They possess three cars. 他们拥有3辆汽车
possess patience 有耐心
possess courage 有勇气
be possess with / be possess by (尤指人的思想)被----控制，支配
eg. She was suddenly possessed with fear. 她突然被恐惧的情绪所控制。

eg. She was suddenly possessed by fear. 她突然被恐惧的情绪所控制。

possession n.
1)[u] (ownership) 领有，持有，具有
eg. I’ve had possession of this house for 7 years. 我拥有这座房子已经7年了。

2）【C】财产
eg. He lost all his possession in the fire. 他在大火中间丧失了所有财产。

be in possession of sth 拥有某物
eg. He is in lawful possession of a shotgun. 他合法的拥有一只猎枪。

possessor n. 拥有者（owner）
possessed adj. (被强烈的感情，恶魔等) 缠附的，疯狂的
eg. He possessed like one possessed. 他拼命用功。

eg. He fought like a man possessed. 他进行了殊死的战斗。

eg. Possession is nine points of the law. 现实占有，败一胜九。

（占有或控制某物打起官司来总占上风）
cursed adj. 可恨的，讨厌的（定）（hateful, unpleasant）
a cursed person 一个可恨的人；一个讨厌的人；
curse
1）n. 咒骂的话，咒语
be under a curse 被诅咒的；
eg. The witch laid a curse upon the princess. 巫婆诅咒公主。

eg. The witch laid the princess under a curse. 巫婆诅咒公主。

2）脏话，咒骂之词
eg. Go to hell!
eg. Confound it !
eg. You shit!
3) v. 诅咒
eg. He cursed (at) his bad luck. 他诅咒他的坏运气。

eg. I cursed her for spoiling my plans. 因为她破坏我的计划，所以我诅咒她。

increase
1）v. 增加，增长
increase one’s speed 加速
eg. The population has increased greatly. 人口急剧增长。

increase profits 增大的利润
2）【‘inkri:s】n. 增加的量
a wage increase 工资增加额
an increase of nearly 50% over last year 比去年差不多增加了50% a 50% increase 50% 的增长
同义词：
add to 增加，增加到；raise 提高，增加；
grow 增加，成长；enlarge 变大，扩大，增大；
反义词：
decline (数量，力量，权力等) 削减
decrease 变小，变少；reduce 减少
Plant
1）n. 植物，树木
wild plant 野生植物；
garden plant 花园里的植物；
plants and animals 动植物；
2)n. 工厂，生产设备
a chemical plant 化工厂
a power plant 电厂
3）n. ( 在犯罪，阴谋等集团卧底的) 眼线，坐探
eg. They discovered that he was a police plant. 他们发现，他是警察的卧底。

4）v. 种植，栽种
eg. We’re going to plant trees around the house. 我们打算在房子周围种满树。

eg. Farmers should know the time to plant. 农民应该知道种植的时间。

5）v. 布置，安顿，固定
eg. Policemen were planted along the route of the parade. 警察被部署在游行的路线上。

planter 种植者，或花盆
church n. 教堂，礼拜，礼拜仪式
go to church 去教堂
churchgoer 按时去教堂做礼拜的人
attend church 去做礼拜
at church 在做礼拜
in church 在做礼拜
eg. Church begins at 9 o’clock. 礼拜在9
as poor as a church mouse 一文不名
church 前面不加冠词
类似：
go to school 去上学；go to university 去上大学；
go to college 去上大学；be out of hospital 出院；
be sent to prison 入狱；be at work 在工作；
evil
1)adj. 道德败坏的，邪恶的；
an evil reputation 一个恶名声
2）adj. 令人不快的，坏的，有害的
an evil smell 难闻的气味
an evil temper 坏脾气
evil weather 恶劣的天气
give sb. the evil eye 恶毒的目光
an evil tongue 说人坏话的恶习
reputation
1）【C】名声
eg. He has a good reputation as a doctor. 他是一个名声很好的医生。

eg. He has a bad reputation as a doctor. 他是一个名声很差的医生。

eg. She has a reputation for generosity. 她以慷慨大方而出名。

have a reputation for laziness 以懒惰而出名
eg. He has the reputation of being spiteful. 他的坏心眼是出了名的。

2）信誉
establish a reputation 树立信誉
build up a reputation 树立信誉
make a reputation 树林信誉
eg. He is eager to win a reputation. 他渴望获得名声。

eg. If the fact is published, it will ruin your reputation. 要是事实被公开的话，会毁了你的名声的。

live up to one’s reputation 不负盛名，行为与声望相符
claim
1)v. 要求，索要（应得的权利或财物）；索赔
claim the insurance 索取保险金
claim the reward 要求奖赏
2）（指灾难，事故等）使（某人）失踪或死亡
eg. The earthquake claimed thousands of victims. 地震造成成千上万人死亡。

3）v. 声称，声音，断言
claim to do ---- (某人) 声称曾经-----
eg. He claimed to have seen the Mona Lisa. 他宣称曾看过蒙娜丽莎（那幅画）
claim that-----
eg. The lawyer claimed that the defendant(被告) was not guilty. 律师声称被告是无罪的。

4）n. 索赔
5）n. 权利，资格
eg. They have no claim to this property. 他们没有资格取得这
些财产。

victim
1）牺牲者，受害者
同义词：sufferer
the victims of a plane crash 空难受害者
the victims of a swindler 骗子的受害者
swindler 骗子
eg. Those children are the sad victims of their parents’ divorce. 这些孩子是父母离婚的受害者。

2）（祭神的）祭品，牺牲品
fall (a) victim to ---- 成为-----的牺牲品
eg. A man like you easily falls victim to the greed of others. 像你这样的人，容易成为别人贪婪的牺牲品。

vicar （英国国教的）教区牧师
minister 基督教的牧师
priest 基督教会的神职人员，牧师，神父
rectory n. (英国国教的) 牧区长；（天主教的）教区首席神甫curate n. (英国国教会的) 助理牧师
black coat 牧师
source n.
1）河流的发源地（starting point of a river）
the source of a Nile 尼罗河的发源地
eg. This stream has its source in Qinghai. 这条河流起源于青海。

2）来源，出处
a limited source of income 有限的收入来源
news from a reliable source 来源可靠的消息
eg. Idleness is the source of all evil. （谚）懒惰是万恶之源。

eg. Idleness is the root of all evil. （谚）懒惰是万恶之源。

the source of the trouble 纷争的原因
3）消息来源，出处，可靠的根据
historical source 史料
eg. I got the news form a reliable source. 我的消息来源非常可靠。

a source book 原始资料
income 收入（最通用的词）
eg. What’s your income? 你的收入怎么样？
eg. I have an income of 200 dollars a week. 我每周的收入是200美元。

earned income 工作所得
unearned income 非工作所得
eg. My income isn’t enough to support my family. 我的收入不够养家糊口。

和收入相关的词：
pay ; 得到的钱；工资；wage ; 月薪；
salary ; 月薪；bonus ; 奖金，红包；
trunk
1）树干
eg. The trunk of that fir is about 2 meters thick. 冷杉的树干有2米粗。

2）躯干
eg. He had a powerful trunk. 他身材伟岸。

3）衣箱
eg. She packed her truck. 她把大衣箱填满了。

4）干线，主流
the truck of the Nile 尼罗河的主流
5）trunk call （英）长途电话
（long distance call ）
Key structures:
被动语态：
1.有些动词置于被动语态后，可采用两种形式：
1）to- 不定式即：be done to ----
2）that 从句：it is said that----
这两种形式通常没有意义上的差别，但由于不定式结构更为简单，所以经常用不定式。

eg. People say that he is a genius. 人们说他是天才。

eg. He is said to be a genius. 他被说是天才。

eg. It is said that he is a genius. 据说他是个天才。

2.当一个动词带有双宾语时，两个宾语中的任何一个都可做被动语
态的主语，但间接宾语做主语更为常见。

eg. The manager offered the vacant post（直接宾语）to him （间接宾语）. 经理把空缺职位给了他。

eg. He was offered the vacant post. 他被给了那个空缺的职位。

eg. The vacant post was offered to him. 那个空缺的职位被给了他。

把下列句子变成被动语态：
1）She gave me a pen.
→I was given a pen.
→A pen was given to me.
2)People say that there is oil under the North Sea. 人们说北海
下面有石油。

→There is said to be oil under the North Sea. 据说北海下面有石油。

→It is said that there is oil under the North Sea. 据说北海下面有石油。

3）They are sending him abroad.
→He is being sent abroad. 他正在被送出国。

4）He asked me to wait for him. 他让我等他。

（这种句子，转为被动句时，宾语提前，宾补保留。

‘to wait for him’作宾语补足语）→I was asked to wait for him.
5）The police has found your wallet. 警察找到你的钱包了。

→Your wallet has been found (by the police) 你的钱包被警察找到了。

Text：
mention 对----说，提到，提及
mention to sb. 对某人说
eg. He mentioned to me that he was going to sell his car. 他对我说他打算把车卖了。

eg. He mentioned the event, but didn’t go into details. 他提到这件事情，但是没有细说。

increase vt. / vi. ( 在规模，数量，和程度上) 增加，增长
grow vi. ( 动植物) 成长，生长，在表示数量上增加时，可以代替increase。

eg. The number of visitors has now increased. 游客的数量增长了。

eg. The number of visitors has now grown. 游客的数量增长了。

eg. She has grown so much, she is nearly as tall as I am. 她长得这么高了，差不多和我一样高了。

the number of + (pl.) n. ------的数量
（当这个短语做主语时，谓语动词用单数）
eg. The number of people who own color TVs is increasing every year. 拥有彩电人的数量，逐年增加。

a number of + pl. (谓语v. 用复数) 许许多多的----
eg. A number of books have been stolen from the library. The number of stolen books is large. 图书馆里许多书被盗了，被盗书的数量很大。

it is / was + 被强调部分+ that / who --- 强调句式（被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，状语等）
eg. It is yesterday that I saw you. 我是昨天看到你的。

eg. it is Henry that was fined a large sum of money. 是Henry 被罚了一大笔钱。

eg. It is Cathy that I like best. 我最喜欢的就是Cathy。

eg. It is in a small city that I spent my childhood. 在这个小城市里面，我度过童年的。

eg. It is Lesson 59 that we will begin with. 我们从59课开始介绍‘with’的。

gain 获得，得到（不能用于钱）（get, obtain）
gain time 获得时间；gain knowledge 获得知识；
gain favour 获得支持；
earn
1）（用劳动）争取（钱），谋生
bread earner 劳动者
earn a living 谋生
2) 博得，赢得（一个好名声，尊敬，赞扬）与win相似，常带双
宾语。

eg. It has gained an evil reputation. 它得到一个坏名声。

eg. It has earned an evil reputation. 它得到一个坏名声。

eg. He has gone abroad and I hear he is earning a lot of money. 他出国了，我听说他赚了很多钱。

It is said that ----- 据说-----
It is reported that ---- 据报道-----
It is believed that ---- 人们相信----
It is estimated that----- 据估计-----
It is found that ----- 据发现----
It is well-know that ---- 众所周知---
eg. It is reported that President Bush is visiting Canada these days. 据报道布什总统近期正在访问加拿大。

eg. It is estimated that there will be half of the students tomorrow. 据估计，明天只有一半的学生。

eg. It is said that he was put into prison. 据说他被关进监狱了。

eg. It is well-know that he is innocent. 众所周知，他是清白的。

pick 采摘
eg. She has picked a lot of flowers. 她摘了许多花。

cut 砍，切，割
eg. She cut the apple into two. 她把苹果切成两半。

die v. 死
die for 为----战死；
die for one’s country 殉国
die at one’s post 殉职
die of + 死因因-----而死；（通常因为内因而死亡）die from + 死因因-----而死；（通常死于外因）
die by + 死因因----而死；
eg. She died of cancer. 她死于癌症。

eg. She died of old age. 她因为年老而死。

die from overwork 由于过度劳累工作而死
die from wound 由于受伤而死
die by drowning 淹死；
die by fire 烧死
die by one’s own hand 自杀
be dying for 渴望
eg. He was dying for a drink. 他渴望喝点什么。

die away (声音，光线，风等) 渐弱，渐息
dead adj. 死的，无生命的；
dead leaves 枯叶
the dead 死人（形容词前面加the，表示一类人）2）adj. 完全的，绝对的
a dead silence 一片死寂
come to a dead stop 完全停业
3）n. 最黑暗，寒冷的时候
in the dead of night 在深夜
in the dead of winter 在隆冬
death n. 死
put someone to death 处死，杀死
starved to death 饿死
deadly adj. 致命的，不共戴天的
a deadly wound 致命的伤口
a deadly weapon 凶器
deathly adj. 死一般的（deathlike）
a number of victims 许多牺牲者= many victims
have + 宾+ p.p 表示动作不是have的主语完成的，而找叫别人执行的
eg. You’d better have the dangerous building pulled down. 你最好找人把这个危楼推倒。

eg. I had my hair cut yesterday. 我昨天理发了。

eg. I’d like to have the package weighted. 我想请你帮我把这包裹称一下。

eg. I had my bike repaired. 我找人把车修了一下。

so far 到目前为止
eg. He has written three books so far. 到目前为止他已经写了3本书了。

eg. I can only help him so far. 我能帮他的仅止于此。

go far
1)成功
eg. He is hardworking and will go far. 他努力工作会成功的。

2）（钱，衣物等）经用，有价值（否定句）
eg. A dollar doesn’t go far these days. 最近1美元不管用了。

go as far as / go so far as 竟然
eg. He went so far as to call me an idiot. 他竟然管我叫白痴。

point 指
eg. It’s rude to point. 指手画脚是不礼貌的。

eg. ‘That’s the man who did it,’she said, pointing at me. “ 那事是他干的，”她指着我说。

point out 指出
point sth out 使注意到某事物
point the finger (at sb) 公开指责某人
point the way towards sth 指出发展的可能性
tourist 游客
tour 旅游
-ist 后缀
A: 与以-ize 结尾的动词结合，构成名词
dramatist 剧作家；戏曲家；
publicist 国际法学家；评论家
B: 与-ism 结尾的名词结合，“----的信仰者；----主义者；----实行者”
socialist 社会主义者
capitalist 资本主义者
atheist 无神论者
C: 与名词结合构成名词，“从事-----的人；专业人员”
physicist 物理学家；motorist 开汽车的人；
violinist 小提琴家
in spite of 尽管→despite (prep)
not one of ----- = none of -----
strike down 将-----击倒；
strike-struck-struck
eg. Most people in the town were struck down with the strange fever. 镇上的大多数人被发烧传染了。

strike
1）罢工
on strike 罢工
go out on strike 罢工
2）v. 打，击，撞，罢工，闹罢工，忽然想到，打动----的心
It strikes me that ----- 我认为-----；
eg. The clock struck eight. 钟敲8点了。

eg. A good idea struck me. 我突然想到一个好主意。

eg. They are striking for better working condition. 他们正在罢工想争取更好的工作条件。

strike it rich （口）忽然变成大富翁
strike home 一语道破，一语中的
strike off 删除，常用于被动形式
eg. The lawyer was struck off for his illegal conduct. 由于非法行为这个律师被注销了资格。

Exercises：
eg. This car is too ＿＿＿and I don’t think I can afford it. A.worthy B. worth C. valueless D. costly
分析：
这辆车太贵了，我认为我支付不起。

A.有价值的，可敬的，值得的；
B.值得的；
C.微不足道的；
D.昂贵的，重要的；
答案：D.
谚语：
1.Money doesn’t grow on trees. 钱来之不易；钱不是树上长
出来的。

2.Money talks. 有钱好办事，无钱则难办；钱可通神；有钱能
使鬼推磨。