Unit4 using language -高一英语(外研版2019必修第一册)

• The boys _w_h_o_ are playing football are from Class One.
正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
• Is this the girl __(_w_h_o_)__you talked of in your letter?
他就是你在信中谈及的那个女孩子吗？
漂亮的，有趣的， 美味的，困难的， 无聊的，简单的
定语从句
定语从句
从句作定语
在被修饰的名词后面
在被修饰的名词前面 形容词作定语
两种定语
形容词作定语
例句
She is a beautiful woman
比较
形容词在被 修饰的名词
前面
完整的句子 作定语
She is a woman who makes me blush.
定语从句
关系代词
that
who
关系代词 whom
6+3
which
whose
as
先行词所指 人/物 人 人 物 人/物 人/物
在从句中作的成分 主语、宾语 主语、宾语 宾语 主语、宾语 定语(……的） 主语、 宾语
注意
宜用that不宜用who指人的情况： ①当主句是以who开头的特殊疑问句时。 Who is the person that came to see you yesterday?昨天来看你的那个 人是谁。 Who is the man that is shouting there? ②关系代词在从句中作表语。 She is not the girl that she used to be。
我不喜欢你推荐给我的那本书。
• The gold medal (_w__h_ic_h_)she won has been given to her
old school. 她获得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。
相当于 定语从句 who/whom
相当于which
that既可指人，
又可指物。在从句中作主语，宾语(可省
你介绍给我的那个人很友好。
• The season _(_th__a_t/_w_h__ic_h_)_comes after spring is summer.
春天之后的季节是夏季。
• This is a place (_t_h_a_t/_w__h_ic_h_)_all of us are eager to visit.
这是一个我们大家都十分想参观的地方。
定语从句
关系代词
that
who
关系代词 whom
6+3
which
whose
as
先行词所指 人/物 人 人 物 人/物 人/物
在从句中作的成分 主语、宾语 主语、宾语 宾语 主语、宾语 定语(……的） 主语、 宾语
注意 宜用that不宜用which指物的情况： ①当先行词是all，little，few，none，anything，something，everything， nothing等不定代词时。 Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside? 能不能给我点儿里面没有糖的东西？ ②当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the first two-storey bus that runs in our city. 这是第一辆运行于我市的双层公交车。 Guilin is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited. 桂林是我游览过的最美丽的城市。
我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。
• Please pass me the book _w__h_o_s_e_cover is green
请递给我那本绿色封面的书。
定语从句
whose + n. =“限定词＋名词＋of which” 或“of which＋限定词＋名词”
Please pass me the book whose cover is green. =Please pass me the book the cover of which is green. = Please pass me the book of which the cover is green. 请递给我那本绿色封面的书。
略)，但that不可直接放在介词后面。
• He is the man __t_h_a_t/_w__h_o__lives next door.
他就是住在隔壁的那个人。
• The person _(t_h_a_t_/w__h_o_m__)you introduced to me is very kind.
I live in a room whose windows are all broken. =I live in a room of which the windows are all broken.
= I live in a room the windows of which are all broken.
Attributive Clause 定语从句
Using language
定语从句
先行词
who wears sunglasses
关系词
定语从句
who is good at playing basketball.
先行词 关系词
定语从句
定语
形容词
修饰名词或 代词的词
beautiful，interesting， delicious，difficult， boring， easy
定语从句关系词
定语从句 不完整
定语从句关系词 定语从句 完整
关系代词(6)
关系副词 (3)
人 人 物 人/物 人/物 人/物
who whom which that/宾/表
定
主/宾/表
时间 when 状 地点 where 状 原因 why 状
定语从句
关系代词
定语从句
which 在定语从句中做主语，宾语（可省略）, 指物或事
• Basketball is a game _w_h_i_c_h_ is liked by most people.
篮球是大多数人所喜欢的运动。
• I don’t like the book _(w__h_i_c_h_)you recommend to me.
1. The professor __w_h_o_/_t_h_a_t visited our school yesterday afternoon
is from Pakistan.
主语，人
2. The man __w_h_o_m__/_w_h_o_/_t_h_a_t I talked to just now is Mr. Shao.
宾语，人
3. These are the trees____w_h_i_c_h_/t_h_a_t___ were planted last year.
主语，物
4. The radio _w__h_ic_h_/_t_h_a_t_ he is using is made in China.
宾语，物
定语从句关系词的选用：1画 2代 3填 1.画从句（从关系词画到第二个谓语动词前;没有则画到句子末尾。) 2.将先行词代入到从句中，看先行词在从句中充当什么成分，指代 人还是物 3.填关系词
定语从句
whose 指人、物皆可，与后面的名词有所属关系，在定语 从句中做定语，翻译为……的
• I visited a scientist w__h_o_s_ename is known all over the country.
我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。
• I once lived in the house _w__h_o_s_e__ roof has fallen in.
5. A plane is a machine _t_h_a_t_/_w_h_i_c_h_ can fly. 主语，物
6. The woman _t_h_a_t_/_w_h_o_ lives next door is a famous dancer 主语，人
关系代词
定语从句之关系代词
who 在定语从句中作主语，宾语(可省略),指人，
• The boy (_w__h_o_m__)_the teacher often praises is their monitor.
老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长
若紧跟介词后，则用whom，不用who。 The man to whom you spoke just now is a relative of mine. 刚才和你说话的人是我的一个亲戚。
that
who
关系代词 whom
6+3
which
whose
as
先行词所指 人/物 人 人 物 人/物 人/物
在从句中作的成分 主语、宾语 主语、宾语 宾语 主语、宾语 定语(……的） 主语、 宾语
定语从句关系词的选用：1画 2代 3填 1.画从句（从关系词画到第二个谓语动词前;没有则画到句子末尾。) 2.将先行词代入到从句中，看先行词在从句中充当什么成分，指代 人还是物 3.填关系词
注意
宜用which不宜用that指物的情况： ①当先行词为that时。 What’s that which he asked for? 他要的是什么？ ②当关系代词后有插入语时。 This is the book which，I think，can help improve your English. 这就是我认为能帮你提高英语水平的书。
宜用that不宜用which指物的情况： ③当先行词被the only，the very，the right等修饰时。 This is the very scarf that my mother has been looking for. 这就是我妈妈一直在找的那条围巾。 ④当先行词既有人又有物时。 Can you tell me the people and events that you saw in Britain? 你能告诉我你在英国见到的人和事吗？ ⑤当主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时。 Which are the books that you bought for me?哪些是你买给我的书？ Who is the person that came to see you yesterday?昨天来看你的那个人是谁？
定语从句的先行词 先行词：被定语从句修饰的对象
和关系词
关系词：连接主句和从句， 并代替先行词在从句中作成分
1. The man who normally comes to clean our window is on holiday this month. 2. There's only one clock that works properly in this flat! 3. A widow is a woman whose husband has died. 4. I'm enjoying the book that you lent me. 5. That's the shop assistant who served me the last time I came here. 6. At the party she spoke to Mr. Peterson, whose father owned the company which she worked for.
注意 宜用which不宜用that的情况：
③当关系代词前有介词且指物或事时。 The pen with which you are writing is Jeff’s. 你用来写字的那支笔是杰夫的。 ④非限制性定语从句。(先行词和从句之间有逗号，只是对先行词的补充说明， 如果去掉，主句仍能表达完整的意思。） She didn’t pass the exam，which made her unhappy.她没通过考试，这让她不开心。
定语从句在 被修饰的名
词后面
定语从句
定语从句
I made friends with Jim.
I met Jim yesterday..
I made friends with Jim who I met yesterday.
主句
定语从句
先行词 关系词
被定语从句修饰的对象
连接主句和从句， 并代替先行词在从句中作成分
• There is a girl __w__h_o__ wants to see you.
有个女孩儿想见你。
定语从句
whom 在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略, 指人，
• Li Ming is just the boy ___(_w_h__o_m__)__I want to see.
李明正是我想要见的男孩。