新概念英语第三册51

单词
1 notoriously （尤指因坏事）众所周知的notorious well known for being bad 声名狼藉的臭名昭著的be notorious for sth/doing sth 因为……而臭名远扬be notorious as n notoriety 恶名坏名声achieve/gain a notoriety as 获得一个……的坏名声
2 mainframe 主机中央处理机
3full-time 全日制的全日的students in full-time education 全日制学生 a full-time job full-timer 全日制工作者part-time 兼职full time n （足球橄榄球等）全场比赛结束时间终场the full-time score 全场比分
3 technician 技术员技师；（艺术体育等的）技巧精湛者精于技巧者adj technical 技术的技能的工艺的
4 software n 软件system software 系统软件
IBM
6 user-friendly 容易操作的好用的人性化的user-friendly design 人性化设计user 使用者用户user name 用户名称；瘾君子吸毒成性的人
7 multimedia 多媒体的multimedia products 多媒体产品multinational 涉及多国的多民族的multinational companies跨国公司multiparty 多党派的multi-skilling 多才多艺（人才的）复合型技能multiple choice 多项选择
8 alternative 选择的，可供替代的an alternative solution 后备解决方案非传统的另类的alternative energy 替代性能源（指太阳能，风能，水能）adv alternatively used to introduce a suggestion that is a second choice or possibility（引出第二种选择或可能的建议）要不或者The agency will make travel arrangement for you. Alternatively, you can organize your own transport. N alternative 可供选择的事物be an alternative to
We have no alternative but to我们别无他法，只有……
9 diagnose 诊断（疾病）确诊be diagnosed as 被诊断为……
The illness was diagnosed as cancer.
判断（问题的原因）diagnosis 诊断问题原因的判断n make a diagnosis wait for the diagnosis 10relieve 减轻解除（不快或痛苦）relieve stress/guilt 减轻压力、内疚减轻问题的严重性adj relieved 感到宽慰的放心的显得开心的be relieved to see,hear,find……就放心了relief n 解脱放松宽慰to one’s relief 让人欣慰的是
11 accountant 会计account 账户open/close an account 开户、销户account number 账户号码；账目（常做复数）do the accounts 记账赊欠账赊购put it on my account credit account charge account
12 repetitive 重复的重复乏味的repetitive rate 重复率repetitive error 重复误差repeat重复repeatable 可重复的（评论言语等）有礼貌的不冒犯人的
His reply was not repeatable.
13 clerical 办公室工作的 a clerical worker=(an office clerk) 神职人员的圣职人员的n clerica 神职人员宗教领袖
14 Internet 因特网the Net inter-(构成动词名词形容词副词) 在……之间相互从此到彼international 国际interaction相互作用interface界面interchange （思想信息等的）交流交换interdependent （各部门）相互依存相互依赖的intermarry 不同种族（或国家，教派）间的通婚；近亲结婚interpersonal 人际关系的人际的interview 面试面谈
15network 网络the office network办公室网络 a rail network铁路网a network of friends 朋友网
Language points
1 Predicting the future is notoriously difficult.
预言预告预报predict the future/earthquake It was predicted 据预报
2 Who could have imagined, in the mid 1970s, for example, that by the end of the 20th centry, computers would be as common in people’s homes as TV sets?
could have imagined have+p.p. 表示推测
in the mid 1970s在20世纪70年代中期by the end of the 20th centry 在二十世纪末的时候as common in people’s homes as像……一样常见
3 In 1970s, computers were commom enough, but only in big business, government departments, and large organizations.
commom enough很常见big business大公司government departments政府部门
4 there were so-called mainframe machines.
so-called所谓的mainframe machines主机
5 Mainframe computers were very large indeed, often occupying whole air-conditioned rooms, employing full-time technicians and run on specially-written software.
Occupy 使用占用（空间面积时间等）occupy oneself/sb in doing sth with sb/sth 使忙于（做某事）忙着（做某事）occupy one’s mind萦绕在心头air-conditioned 装有空调的air-conditioner 空调机空调设备run on 靠……运转运行(use) The van runs on disesel.货车用的是柴油。

Though these large machines still exist, many of their functions have been taken over by small powerful personal computers, commonly known as PCs.take sth over from sb 接管接任；控制接管（政党国家等）
The army is threatening to take over if civil unrest continues. 军方扬言如果内乱继续就实行军管。

Be Know as作为……而为人所知
In 1975, a primitive machine called the Altair, was launched in the USA.
Launch 发射；（产品）上市发行launch pad(火箭，导弹等的)发射平台primitive 原始的发展水平底的落后的
It can properly be described as the first 'home computer' and it pointed the way to the future. be described as被描述成pointed the way to为……指明方向指路
This was followed, at the end of the 1970s, by a machine called an Apple. at the end of the 1970s 二十世纪70年代末
In the early 1980s, the computer giant, IBM produced the world's first Personal Computer. the computer giant电脑巨头giant a very large and powerful organization大公司强大的组织
This ran on an 'operating system' called DOS, produced by a then small company named Microsoft. 'operating system操作系统called produced 过去分词做定语named过去分词做定语
The IBM Personal Computer was widely copied. From those humble beginnings, we have seen the development of the user-friendly home computers and multimedia machines which are in common use today. Humble （of a thing）not large or special in any way 不大的没有特别之处的
The company has worked its way up from humble beginnings to become the market leader.公司已从创业期的微不足道发展成了市场的主导者。

谦虚的虚心的be humble to do sth modest 谦虚
In my humble opinion 以拙见in common use普遍使用
Considering how recent these developments are, it is even more remarkable that as long ago as the 1960s, an Englishman, Leon Bagrit, was able to predict some of the uses of computers which we know today. Considering 现在分词做状语how recent these developments are感叹句it is even more remarkable that更了不起的是as long ago as早在predict some of the uses of预测到了一些……的用法which 引导定语从句
Bagrit dismissed the idea that computers would learn to 'think' for themselves and would 'rule the world', which people liked to believe in those days. Dismiss 解雇开除dismiss sb from 不予考虑对……不屑一提dismiss sb/sth 去除消除摒除（思想，感情等）dismiss her fears 消除恐惧dismiss her from his mind忘记某人不思念the idea that引导同位语从句'think' for themselves to form your own opinions and make decisions without depending on others独立思考自行决定which引导定语从句代之前面整个句子
Bagrit foresaw a time when computers would be small enough to hold in the hand, when they would be capable of providing information about traffic jams and suggesting alternative routes, when they would be used in hospitals to help doctors to diagnose illnesses, when they would relieve office workers and accountants of dull, repetitive clerical work.
a time when引导定语从句be capable of可以
Foresee （foresaw foreseen）预料预知预见predict (=forecast 预测预报to say what you think will happen in the future based on information that is available now) providing information about traffic jams and suggesting alternative routes
satnav /ˈsætnæv/卫星导航
All these computer uses have become commonplace. Commonplace adj 平凡的普通的普遍的n （正式）常见的事平常的事commonplace book 摘录本
Of course, Leon Bagrit could not possibly have foreseen the development of the Internet, the worldwide system that enables us to communicate instantly with anyone in any part of the world by using computers linked to telephone networks.
the Internet, the worldwide system同位语enables us to使我们可以……anyone in any part of the world在世界任何一个地方的任何一个人
Nor could he have foreseen how we could use the Internet to obtain information on every known subject, so we can read it on a screen in our homes and even print it as well if we want to.
Nor could he have foreseen 倒装句obtain information on获得……的信息
Computers have become smaller and smaller, more and more powerful and cheaper and cheaper. Adjer and adjer越来越
This is what makes Leon Bagrit's predictions particularly remarkable.
What 引导名词性从句
If he, or someone like him, were alive today, he might be able to tell us what to expect in the next fifty years.
If 引导虚拟语气what to expect期待什么in the next fifty years 在接下来的五十年。