考点06定语从句(核心考点)-高考英语一轮复习(上海专用)(学生版)

考点06 定语从句（核心考点精讲精练）
近3年真题考点分布
【思维导图】
【知识梳理】
➢考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句
The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
I live next door to a couple whos e children often make a lot of noise.
China Today attracts a worldwide readership，which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
➢考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句
We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better.
Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday?
➢考点三：非限制性定语从句
1.非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。

这种从句与主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that 引导。

e. g. Yesterday I met Li Ping, who seemed to be very busy. (昨天我遇到了李萍，她看起来很忙。

）
2.which引导的非限制性定语从句既可修饰名词或代词，也可修饰整个句子。

e. g. A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages，which surprises all the people present.
(一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语，这令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。

）
3. 在非限制性定语从句中，还可把all, some，most, none或both加上of which或of whom来修饰或限定先行词。

e. g. He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
(他深深地爱着他的父母，他们对他非常好。

）
➢考点四：“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。

Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.
一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。

September 30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。

2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体关系。

Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of which has been proved.
科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。

Many young people，most of whom were well-educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。

3．在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”；修饰人时，可以换为“the＋名词＋of whom”。

The newly-built café，the walls of which (＝whose walls)are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work.
这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。

（2023·上海静安·统考二模）
There is evidence that teachers, ____8____ in various cases use arms and hand movements in lessons, achieve better teaching results.
（2023·上海浦东新·统考二模）
She says that night watching the lunar eclipse awakened her passion ___13___has yet to run out of fuel.
（2023·上海青浦·统考二模）
The newly-found orchid is beautiful. It is pink and white, it has a central stem, around ___23___ grow tiny, bell-shaped flowers, and its delicate petals (花瓣) look like they are made from glass.
（2023·上海宝山·统考二模）
Catfishing is an online cheat ___33___ someone on a social media platform pretends to be someone they’re not. （2023·上海松江·统考二模）
Studies have shown that low-level physical activities ___41___ use gentle stretching, like yoga or tai chi, help with sleep quality.
（2023·上海闵行·统考二模）
They can help to keep morale (士气) and provide a sense of normalcy (正常) on missions ___58___ all the conditions are distinctively different from the earth.
（2023·上海奉贤·统考二模）
An exclamation mark is a valid form of punctuation ____65____ origin can be traced back to a 14th century Italian scholar.
（2023·上海嘉定·统考二模）
The letters ___74___ (address) to my mother in 1974 over the course of a month when my father traveled back to Italy to care for his sick mother, leaving his wife and me behind in Toronto, ___75___ my parents had immigrated to in 1956.
（2023·上海金山·统考二模）
GPT-4 will initially be available to ChatGPT Plus subscribers, _____88_____ pay $20 per month for easy access to
the service. It’s already powering Microsoft’s Bing search engine platform.
（2023·上海虹口·统考二模）
According to a study at the University of Iowa named In one ear and out the other, a group of students participated in two experiments in ____99____ they listened to sounds, looked at images and held objects.
（2023·上海崇明·统考二模）
Han Zheming has managed to perfect the skill, creating tea art in cups, or dian cha in Chinese,__21__ used to be a ritual during the Song Dynasty.
Chinese tea culture started to enjoy popularity during the Tang Dynasty and boomed throughout the Song Dynasty, __26__ tea became a necessity for almost everyone, from nobles and scholars to common people, just like other essential items, such as rice, oil and salt,
【基础过关】
【2023届上海市复兴高级中学高三春考适应性考试英语试题】
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
For parents who send their kids off to college saying, “These will be the best years of your life,” it would be very appropriate to add, “ ____1____ you can handle the stress of college life.”
Freshmen are showing up already stressed out, according to the latest research study ____2____ reported students’ emotional health levels at their lowest since the survey started in 1985. While in school, more students are working part-time and near-full-time jobs. At graduation, only 29 percent of seniors ____3____ (offer) jobs.
Pressure to excel often creates stress, and many students are not learning how to effectively handle this stress. Let me show five facts that I believe every college student ____4____ know about stress.
First, stress can make smart people do stupid things. Stress causes ____5____ brain researchers call “cortical inhibition (皮层抑制).” In simple terms, stress prevents a part of the brain responsible for decision-making and reaction time and can negatively affect other mental abilities as well.
Second, the human body doesn’t discriminate between a big stressful event and a little one. Any stressful
experience will create about 1,400 biochemical events in your body. If any amount of stress is left ____6____ (uncheck), many things can occur within the body, including premature aging and energy drain.
Third, stress can become your new pattern. When you regularly experience negative feelings and high amounts of stress, your brain recognizes this ____7____ your normal state. This then becomes the new norm (常态) for your emotional state.
Fourth, stress can be controlled. Countless studies demonstrate that people can restructure their emotional state using emotion refocusing techniques. One technique ____8____ (involve) slowing your thoughts, breathing slowly, and focusing on the positive feeling that you receive.
Finally, ____9____ (draw) to what you study can lessen stress. Barbara Frederickson, a leading international authority on the importance of positive emotions, says humans are genetically programmed _____10_____ (seek) positive emotions such as love and joy. It’s suggested that you should choose a major or career path you love and enjoy. Otherwise, you could end up fighting against your own biology.
【能力提升】
1. 传统中医安全可靠，最早可追溯到三千多年前，是中国古代人民的智慧结晶。

(represent) （汉译英）
2. 这款聊天软件能够基于用户的要求生成答案，自推出就引发了巨大的争议与轰动。

(arise) (汉译英)
3. 在春暖花开的日子里，人们常常外出游玩，欣赏春天的美景。

(when) （汉译英）
4. 儒教在中国历代盛行数千年,虽地位不如昔日举足轻重,但仍然是了解灿烂中华文明一把钥匙。

(as … as)
5.博物馆疏于管理，展品积灰，门厅冷清，急需改善。

( whose) （2019年春考）
6. 这条小溪蜿蜒流淌，陪伴着世代居住的村民，见证了这个村庄的日新月异。

(company)（2021年春考）
2022年秋考
This technique may involve conducting a physical survey or reading industry specific materials Conversations with consumers also facilitate the identification of their frustrations and negative experiences, (27) ________they may use to enhance a firm.
2022年春考
The light is called the aurora. Usually you can see it only at the very north of the earth,(23)_______it is called aurora borealis or Northerm Lights, or at the very south, where it is the aurora australis or Southern Lights.
2021年秋考
Scientists first recognized this problem in July 1976, by (28)_________ time 221 people had become seriously ill..
2021年春考
Otherwise, you'll need to find a local studio(25)______ can be expensive.
2020年秋考
This would be impossible (28)___without_____ clocks and watches, (29)________ are all around us: on walls, on our wrists, on our PCs, and even on our mobiles and iPod's.
2020年春考
The pair annoyed the gods of the underworld with their noisy playing and the two brothers were tricked into descending into Xibalba (the underworld) _________ (23) they were challenged to a ball game.
2019年秋考
Orissa is the home three mass nesting sites of the Oliver turtles, a species (23)threatened (threaten) with extinction, and one of the sites, Gahirmatha, (24) __________ around 70 to 80 million turtles lay eggs on the beach every year, is considered one of the world’s largest nesting sites.
2019年春考
So ambition and the timely realization (21) ________ he would have to determine “what’s next” on his own urged Jason to engage his future self to find direction.
2018年秋考
Sometimes, the parents (28 )_________complain about the role of screens in family life are just as guilty of spending too much time in front of one.
2018年春考
The rooms (30) ______ the boys used to live look vacant. I feel sadness but also joy.
2017年秋考
In recent years, scientists have finally begun to find proof 23__________ contact with animals can increase a sick person’s chance of survival and
They are more easy-going when there are animals around, with 29__________ company they tend to calm down more easily.
2017年春考
The movie starts with a rabbit police officer and a fox criminal 21___________team up to find a missing otter (水獭).。