上海市普陀区部分学校2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末测试 英语试题(含解析,无答案和听力音频)

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2023学年第一学期八年级期末考试英语试题
(考试时间90分钟,满分100分)
考生注意:本卷有7大题,共77小题。

试题均采用连续编号,所有答案务必按照规定在答题纸上完成,做在试卷上不给分。

Part 1 Listening (第一部分听力)
I. Listening Comprehension (听力理解)(共25分)
A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容,选出相应的图片)(5分)
A
B
C
D
E
F
2.We have learned a story about ________ one-eyed monster.
A.a B.an C./D.the
3.My wish is to become a reporter when I grow up. What is ________, Kitty?
A.your B.yours C.you D.yourself
4.I can’t answer this question. I know _______ about it.
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little 5.The encyclopedia contains _______ information about different subjects.
A.many B.a large number of C.a lot D.huge amounts of 6.Yesterday two _______ asked me to show them the way to Shanghai Museum. A.woman tourists B.women tourist C.woman tourist D.women tourists 7.If you want a double room, you will have to pay ________ 50 yuan.
A.another B.other C.more D.each
8.This is a good book. Each time you read it, you will find ________.
A.something new B.new something C.nothing new D.new nothing 9.With my teacher’s help, I can run much _______ than before.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest 10.________ Mr. Li is in poor health, he still plans to compete for the job.
A.But B.So C.Although D.Because 11.Don’t speak to him like that. He’s only an _______ boy.
A.8 years old B.8-year old C.8-year-old D.8-years old 12.I heard Kitty talking with someone in the classroom a moment ago. She _______ be in it now.
A.can B.may C.must D.should 13.The story of Captain King _______ on another planet last month.
A.will happen B.happens C.is happening D.happened 14.Can you see the boy _______ water from his hands? It’s so strange.
A.to drink B.drinking C.drank D.drinks 15.—Do you mind me closing the door?
—_______. It’s too cold in the room.
A.Of course not B.Yes, I do C.That’s right D.You’re welcome Choose the proper words in the box to complete the following passage. Each can be used only once. (选择最恰当的选项填入空格。

每空格限填一词,每词只能填一次)
Have you noticed your life becoming much easier? Now, when you
go to a certain shopping mall, you can enjoy its free Wi-Fi there. When you want to take a taxi, you can book one with your phone. In fact, all these can be seen as the
of a smart city.
In 2009, Dubuque became the first smart city in the US. The city used smart water
(注意:短文中不得出现任何人名、校名及其它相关信息,否则不予评分。

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________
1.D
【详解】句意:下面哪一个是划线部分的正确读音?
考查元音字母的发音。

根据damage的发音可知,damage[ˈdæmɪdʒ],划线部发音为[æ]。

故选D。

2.A
【详解】句意:我们学了一个关于独眼怪物的故事。

考查冠词辨析。

a一,修饰辅音音素开头的单数名词;an一,修饰元音音素开头的单数名词;/零冠词;the定冠词,表特指。

根据“one-eyed monster”可知,此处表示泛指,one是辅音音素开头的单词。

故选A。

3.B
【详解】句意:我的愿望是长大后成为一名记者。

你的呢,Kitty?
考查物主代词。

your你/你们的,形容词性物主代词;yours你/你们的,名词性物主代词;you 你,人称代词主格或宾格;yourself你/你们自己,反身代词。

根据My wish可知,此处在询问对方的愿望是什么,空后没有名词,因此应用名词性物主代词。

故选B。

4.C
【详解】句意:我不能回答这个问题。

我对此所知甚少。

考查不定代词。

few几乎没有,修饰可数名词复数;a few一些,修饰可数名词复数;little 几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;a little一点,修饰不可数名词。

根据“I can’t answer this question.”可知,回答不出应是不了解,表示否定,且此处指的是对问题背后的知识了解的少,修饰不可数名词用little,故选C。

5.D
【详解】句意:这部百科全书包含了关于不同学科的大量信息。

考查形容词短语。

many很多,修饰可数名词复数;a large number of大量的,修饰可数名词复数;a lot很,非常,修饰动词或形容词;huge amounts of大量的,修饰不可数名词。

设空处后是不可数名词“information”。

故选D。

6.D
【详解】句意:昨天两位女性游客要求我向她们展示去上海博物馆的路。

考查名词复数。

根据“two”可知主语是复数,排除B、C,此处woman是修饰名词tourists作定语,需要变复数为women。

故选D。

7.A
【详解】句意:如果你要一个双人房间,你得再付50元。

考查代词辨析。

another另一,通常放在数词前或单数名词前;other其他的,不能单独用,后面要跟复数名词;more通常放在数词后;each每个。

根据“If you want a double room, you will have to pay... 50 yuan.”可知,是要再付50元,another+数词=数词+more表示“再,又”。

故选A。

8.A
【详解】句意:这是一本好书。

每次你读它,你都会发现一些新的东西。

考查定语后置。

当不定代词something,anything,nothing,everything等有形容词修饰时,形容词应放在这些词之后;根据“This is a good book.”可知,每次读它,你都会发现新的东西。

故选A。

9.B
【详解】句意:在老师的帮助下,我比以前跑得快多了。

考查副词比较级。

根据“than before”可知考查比较级,修饰动词“run”用副词fast比较级faster。

故选B。

10.C
【详解】句意:尽管李先生身体不好,他仍计划竞争这份工作。

考查连词。

But但是;So所以;Although尽管;Because因为。

根据句意逻辑判断,前后句子是让步关系,although引导让步状语从句符合题意。

故选C。

11.C
【详解】句意:别那样跟他说话。

他只是个八岁的男孩。

考查复合形容词。

8 years old八岁了;8-year-old八岁的。

根据“boy”可知前缺形容词“八岁的”,复合形容词作前置定语。

故选C。

12.C
【详解】句意:刚才我听见基蒂在教室里和人说话。

她现在一定在里面。

考查情态动词。

can能;may可能;must一定;should应该。

根据“I heard Kitty talking with someone in the classroom a moment ago.”克制,听见她在教室说话了,所以应是推测她一定在里面,故选C。

13.D
【详解】句意:上个月,金船长的故事发生在另一个星球上。

考查动词时态。

根据“last month”可知该句是一般过去时,谓语动词使用过去式。

故选D。

14.B
【详解】句意:你能看见那个男孩用手接水喝吗?这太奇怪了。

考查现在分词。

根据“Can you see the boy”以及“water”可知描述的是看见那个男孩正在做某事,因此see sb doing“看见某人正做某事”,用现在分词作宾补。

故选B。

15.A
【详解】句意:——你介意我把门关上吗?——当然不。

房间里太冷了。

考查情景交际。

Of course not当然不;Yes, I do是的,我是;That’s right就是那样;You’re welcome不用谢。

根据“It’s too cold in the room.”可知不介意关门,应说“当然不”。

故选A。

16.C 17.D 18.E 19.A
【导语】本文介绍了智能城市如何提高城市的规划,节省资金和资源,使我们的生活更便利。

16.句意:事实上,所有这些都可以被视为智能城市的基本组成部分。

根据“parts of a smart city”可知是智能城市的基本组成部分。

备选词basic“基本的”符合语境。

故选C。

17.句意:这个城市用智能水表代替了传统的水表。

根据“The city used smart water meters to take the place of”可知是用智能水表取代“传统”水表,备选词traditional“传统的”符合语境。

故选D。

18.句意:通过这种方式,人们知道如何使用他们的资源,并乐于帮助减少浪费。

根据“know how they use their resources”以及“waste”可知and前后都是积极的作用,因此是“减少”浪费,备选词reduce“减少”符合语境。

故选E。

19.句意:政府组织了一个研究小组,并提供了一个可以收集几乎所有数据:光、温度、汽车和人的运动的应用程序。

根据“a research team”以及“provided”可知是“组织”了一个研究小组,并提供收集几乎所有数据的应用程序。

备选词organized“组织”符合语境。

故选A。

20.ninetieth
【详解】句意:Roy打算举办一个聚会去庆祝他的九十岁生日。

根据“birthday”可知此处应
填序数词,故填ninetieth。

21.freedom
【详解】句意:孩子们有选择自己爱好的自由。

设空处缺宾语,freedom“自由”,为不可数
名词。

故填freedom。

22.arrangement
【详解】句意:对学生来说,学习时间安排策略是非常重要的。

根据“to learn strategies about
time”可知是学习时间安排策略。

所给词arrange为动词,名词arrangement“安排”符合语境,time arrangement“时间安排”。

故填arrangement。

23.asleep
【详解】句意:经过长途旅行,每个人都累了,睡着了。

fall asleep“睡着”,asleep是形容词作表语,故填asleep。

24.succeed
【详解】句意:基蒂确信她能顺利通过期末考试。

所给词success“成功”为名词,其动词形
式是succeed,根据设空处后的“in”可知考查succeed in doing sth“成功做某事”,设空处前有“will”,因此填动词原形。

故填succeed。

25.silently
【详解】句意:她静静地坐在那里,看起来很不高兴。

修饰动词“sits”,用所给词silent的副词形式silently,意为“安静地”。

故填silently。

26.didn’t hit
【详解】句意:激光击中了Gork的眼睛。

根据“The laser hit Gork in the eye.”可知,此处是
一般过去时,变成否定句应借助助动词did,动词hit要用原形hit。

故填didn’t;hit。

27.we held
【详解】句意:“我们多久开一次会?”我问主编。

句子是宾语从句,从句用陈述语序,且主句是过去时,从句也用过去的时态,主语是we,谓语动词用过去式held。

故填we;held。

28.has he
【详解】句意:Mike已经三年没有参加歌唱俱乐部了。

根据“Mike hasn’t been”可知原句是
现在完成时的否定形式,疑问部分要用肯定形式,助动词用has;主语“Mike”是第三人称男性名字,疑问部分主语用he。

故填has;he。

29.Whose purse
【详解】句意:布莱克夫人的钱包在拥挤的公共汽车上被偷了。

划线部分是物体的所有者,疑问词用whose,后加名词purse。

故填Whose;purse。

30.It took Sam a long time to deal with the trouble
【详解】根据所给词以及标点可知,句子是陈述句,且是句式it took sb. time to do sth.;a long time“很长时间”;deal with the trouble“处理麻烦”。

故填It took Sam a long time to deal with the trouble“山姆花了很长时间才处理好这个麻烦”。

31.C 32.D 33.A 34.A 35.C
【导语】本文主要介绍了国际诗歌比赛的相关情况,介绍了它的目的,比赛规则等。

31.细节理解题。

根据“World Poetry Day is celebrated on 21 March”可知,在3月21日庆祝
国际诗歌日。

故选C。

32.细节理解题。

根据“Its purpose is to improve people’s ability to read, write, and teach poems all over the world”可知,国际诗歌日的目的是提高全世界人们读诗、写诗和教诗的能力。

故选D。

33.细节理解题。

根据“The poem(s) must be in English”可知,诗歌必须用英语写。

故选项
A“诗人可以用任何语言写诗”表达错误。

故选A。

34.细节理解题。

根据“The winners of each group will receive£1,000”可知,每组的优胜者将获得1000英镑。

故选A。

35.细节理解题。

根据“To enter the competition, please visit the Centre Shop to pay£5 for each poem. Once the payment is made, please email the poem(s) to ********************. Remember to mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of the document to show which group to enter before emailing your poem(s)”可知,要参加比赛,请访问中心商店,为每首诗支付5英镑。

付款后,请将诗歌发邮件至********************。

记得在邮件发送诗歌之前,在文档的右上角标记Open或ESL,以显示要进入哪个组。

故正确顺序为②①④③。

故选C。

36.C 37.C 38.B 39.A 40.D 41.D
【导语】本文介绍了生气的不良影响,并告诉读者如何控制情绪。

36.句意:对人生气会让你失去朋友。

keep fit保持健康;make progress取得进步;lose friends失去朋友;fall asleep睡着。

根据“Getting angry with people can cause you to”可知是会失去朋友。

故选C。

37.句意:书上说生气只会让事情变得更糟。

better更好的;simple简单的;worse更差的;stranger更奇怪的。

根据“It can never make them better.”可知指的是让事情变得更糟糕。

故选C。

38.句意:这只是一个坏习惯,就像吸烟一样。

hobby爱好;habit习惯;ambition野心;character性格。

根据“like smoking.”可知是坏习惯。

故选B。

39.句意:当婴儿摔倒时,只有在有人看着的时候,他才会哭。

watching看;hurting伤害;searching for寻找;learning from从……学。

根据“it only cries if people are”可知是只有人们看到婴儿摔倒,婴儿才会哭。

故选A。

40.句意:每当你生气的时候,写下你生气的原因。

turn down拒绝;knock down撞倒;put down放下;write down写下。

根据“Look at it later and you will see you get angry too easily.”可知是写下来生气的原因。

故选D。

41.句意:做一些不同的事情。

harmless无害的;difficult困难的;unnecessary没有必要的;different不同的。

根据“When you get angry, walk away from the problem and go somewhere else”可知是做一些不同的事情。

故选D。

42.(c)onsists 43.(l)ighter 44.(S)ubjects 45.(a)ctivities 46.(r)ice 47.(a)ttend 48.(l)arge
【导语】本文主要介绍了在德国那样的富裕国家和Sierra Leone那样的贫困国家的孩子们不同的生活条件和环境。

42.句意:一顿好的德国早餐包含卷、火腿、芝士、全熟煮鸡蛋、冷肉和牛奶。

根据首字母提示和“A good German breakfast ... of rolls, jam, cheese, hard-boiled eggs, cold meat and milk. ”
可知,此处指的是早餐由哪些组成。

故填(c)onsists。

43.句意:晚餐被认为是一顿比午餐更轻的饭。

根据首字母提示和“Lunch is the main meal of the day and it is the heaviest! Dinner is thought to be a ... meal than lunch.”可知,午餐时最重的,那么晚餐就比它更轻。

故填(l)ighter。

44.句意:学科是用德文教授的,但是孩子们也会学习英语作为第二语言。

根据首字母提示和“German children start their education at a young age.”可知,此处的主题是教育,subject“学科”符合情景,此处应用复数形式。

故填(S)ubjects。

45.句意:在德国,骑自行车和游泳在孩子中是受欢迎的活动。

根据首字母提示和“In Germany, cycling and swimming are popular”可知,骑自行车和游泳都是活动。

故填
(a)ctivities。

46.句意:相比之下,在Sierra Leone的贫困儿童主要以米饭为食。

根据首字母提示和“In contrast (对比之下), the poor children in Sierra Leone live mainly on”可知,此处指的是主食,rice“米饭”符合语境。

故填(r)ice。

47.句意:大多数家庭是如此贫困以至于只有男孩上学。

根据首字母提示和“Many children in
Sierra Leone, especially the girls, do not go to school. Most families are so poor that only the boys get to ... school.”可知,此处指的是上学,应用动词attend,此处应用动词原形。

故填
(a)ttend。

48.句意:在Sierra Leone的家庭通常都非常大。

根据首字母提示和“older girls are expected to care for their younger brothers or sisters.”可知,此处指的是家庭都比较大。

故填(l)arge。

49.Yes, it is. 50.She was calm and she went to the orchard, knelt in the mud, picked up the apple, wiped off the mud with a rag, put it in a bag. 51.They gave some of them to those who raise livestock in the village, to pigs, cattle and sheep to eat. The rest were stuffed into jars, making many jars of apple cider vinegar. 52.He found the same spirit in the novel which is blunt force or her inner strength. 53.In face of difficulties, we should be calm and never complain. We should work hard and never give up. (Any reasonable answer can be accepted.)
【导语】本文是一篇应用文,是董宇辉在清华大学演讲的片断。

文章主要讲述了小时候冰雹灾害后奶奶在果园劳动的场景,那是童年的董宇辉接受忍耐力和韧性的最好的一次教育。

人生没有绝境,绝境是心境,成长都是瞬间。

49.根据第二段“For the rural family at that time, it was almost a disaster, because the annual income of my grandparents was that orchard.”可知,冰雹灾害对于当时的农村家庭来说,是一场灾难,因为农村家庭的年收入就是那片果园。

故填Yes, it is.
50.根据第二段“but the old woman appeared unusually calm.”和第四段“She went to the orchard, after the hail, the hail turned a layer of mud, she knelt in the mud, picked up the apple, wiped off the mud with a rag, put it in a bag,”可知,奶奶很平静,走到果园,跪在泥里,捡起苹果,用抹布擦去泥,放进袋子里,冰雹灾害并未击倒奶奶。

故填She was calm and she went to the orchard, knelt in the mud, picked up the apple, wiped off the mud with a rag, put it in a bag. 51.根据第四段“loaded with 10 bags, ruined a lot, the countryside with a wooden frame car, pull back and eat, acid and acerbity, gave it to those who raise livestock in the village, to pigs, cattle and sheep to eat.”和第五段“The rest were stuffed into jars, making many jars of apple cider vinegar,”可知,他们把其中一些给村里养牲畜的人,给猪、牛、羊吃。

其余的被塞进罐子里,做成了许多瓶苹果醋。

故填They gave some of them to those who raise livestock in the village, to pigs, cattle and sheep to eat. The rest were stuffed into jars, making many jars of apple cider vinegar.
52.根据第三段“Later, when I read Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea, I saw the same spirit, I do not know whether it is blunt force or her inner strength, in short, she did not react particularly big.”可知,作者在读海明威写的《老人与海》的时候,就看到了同一种精神:钝感力和她的内心强大。

故填He found the same spirit in the novel which is blunt force or her inner strength. 53.根据第二段“At that time we were very uncomfortable, we were very worried, worried that grandma will not be a big blow, but the old woman appeared unusually calm.”和第四段“she knelt in the mud,”可知,奶奶遇事冷静,沉着,面对冰雹灾害,没有怨天尤人,而是跪着收拾果园一地苹果,展现了奶奶勤劳、永不放弃的精神,因此我们要学奶奶这些精神。

故填In face of difficulties, we should be calm and never complain. We should work hard and never give up.
54.5 multiplied by 9 equals/is 45.
【详解】几乘以几:... multiplied by ...;等于:equal或者be;结合主语是单数,此处应用动词三单形式。

故填5 multiplied by 9 equals/is 45.
55.Finally, the children managed to find the way to solve the problem.
【详解】根据所给短语“manage to do sth.”且结合句意用一般过去时,故managed to do sth.,解决问题的办法“the way to solve the problem”,主语为the children,谓语为managed to find the way to slove the problem。

故填Finally, the children managed to find the way to solve the problem. 56.The weather is so cold that I would rather stay at home.
【详解】根据汉语提示,可知考查so…that引导的结果状语从句,该句是一般现在时,The weather“天气”作主语,为不可数名词,系动词填is;so后接形容词;cold“冷的”;that接结果状语从句;I在从句中作主语;would rather do“宁愿做某事”;stay at home“待在家里”。

故填The weather is so cold that I would rather stay at home.
57.例文
Smiles
A smile is the most beautiful language of human beings. A smile shows you are kind and friendly. It helps you get on well with others. It also brings good luck and makes others feel warm. When I was in Grade 8, a new student came to our class. He did badly in schoolwork. No one talked with him. He felt very lonely.
When I learnt this, each time I met him, I gave him a big smile. Afterwards, he often asked
me questions about study. We became good friends and he did better and better in his study. He said that it was my smile that made him more confident and outgoing. Smiles are so important in
our life, so let’s try to smile more.
If we smile at life, life will smile back.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇材料作文。

②时态:本文应使用“一般过去时”为主。

③提示:写作要点应注意题干给出的“微笑的好处”;“关于自己微笑的经历”;以及“从这个
经历中学到了什么”等要点。

[写作步骤]
第一步,介绍微笑的好处和微笑的力量。

第二步,讲述自己关于微笑的某个经历。

第三步,从经历中学到了什么,收尾并号召大家微笑。

[亮点词汇]
①get on well with sb和某人相处融洽
②good luck好运
③try to do努力做
[高分句型]
①When I learnt this, each time I met him, I gave him a big smile.(when引导的时间状语从句)
②He said that it was my smile that made him more confident and outgoing.(it was…that强调句)。

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