牛津上海版中考英语专题复习计划3介词感叹句阅读D的学案

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学科教师辅导学案
课程主题:17-3-介词感慨句阅读 D
1.注意介词固定搭配与汉语表达方式的差异;
学习目标 2.掌握常用介词的固定搭配及各种不同用法考情解析。

3.掌握感慨句的类型及考点。

教学内容
1.名词和冠词的知识回忆
一.介词
【知识梳理】
1.介词的用法
介词用于名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句前,表示与其他成分的关系。

介词可以与名词、形容词和动词搭配表示不同的意义。

2.表示时间段的介词

1页
3.表示位置关系、运动方向的介词
第2页
第3页
4.常用介的用法
1〕about
〔1〕关于
例如:Theyhadadiscussionabouttheplanforthenewterm. 他了新学期的划。

〔2〕大、差不多
例如:Hewillstaythereforaboutfourdays. 他要在那里大待四天。

2〕as
〔1〕作
例如:Heworksasacaptainonaship.他在一艘船上当船。

〔2〕与⋯⋯一
例如:Heisthesameageasmysister.他与我姐姐同 .
第4页
3〕表示价格、次数、速度等
例如:Itwassoldatthatprice.它是按个价的。

Youmustdoallthisatatime.你必一次做好所有一切。

Hedrovehiscarat50milesanhour.他开以每小50英里的速度行。

4〕by
〔1〕被、由〔用于被〕
例如:HaveyoureadanynovelwrittenbyLuXun?你迅写的小?
〔2〕靠、用、通〔手段、方法〕
例如:Doyouwanttosendthisletterbyairmailorbyordinarymail?
你是想航空寄是普通寄封信?
〔3〕乘〔交通工具〕
例如:Iwillgotherebybus,thenonfoot.我将乘公共汽然后步行七那儿。

5〕for
〔1〕表示目的
例如:Canyoumakeacakeforme,mum?,你能我个蛋糕?
〔2〕表示原因
例如:Hediditfortworeasons.他做出件事出于两个原因。

〔3〕⋯⋯而言,表示象
例如:Itisnecessaryforthestudentstogotoschoolontime.学生来按到校是必要的。

〔4〕要求得到
例如:Theyoftengototheirteachersforadvice.他常去向老求教。


5页
6〕from
〔1〕从⋯⋯,来自⋯⋯
例如:Thispresentisfrommyfriend.份礼物是我朋友送我的。

〔2〕用⋯⋯制造〔成〕〔看不出原材料〕
例如:Wineismadefromgrapes.酒是由葡萄制的。

7〕in
(1)用⋯⋯言;用⋯⋯原材料
例如:WemustwritetheessayinEnglish我必用英写文。

Helikessigninghisnameinblueink.他喜用墨水名。

(2)表示衣着
例如:TheladyinredisMissWang.穿衣服的位女士是王老。

以⋯⋯形式;以⋯⋯方式
例如:Inthiswayhehasworkedouttwomathsproblems.
他用种方式已做出两道数学。

like像、似〔一〕。

例如:Youmustneverdothingslikethat.你必永不再做那的事。

9)of
⋯⋯的
例如:What'sthepopulationofChina?中国的人口有多少?
表示年
例如:Whenshewrotethebook,shewasonlyagirloffifteen.她写本年15。

第6页
⋯⋯中最突出的
例如:Ofallthesubjects,Ilikemathsbest.所有的学科中,我最喜数学。

表示数量和种
例如:Agroupofboyswereplayingfootballintheplayground.
一群男孩正在操上踢足球。

用⋯⋯制造〔成〕〔看得出原材料〕
例如:Ourdesksandchairsaremadeofwood我的桌椅是木做的。

on
通⋯⋯
例如:TherewilllieatennismatchonChannel8tonight.今晚八道将有一网球。

去⋯⋯路上
例如:Onhiswayhome,hemethisoldfriend在回家路上,他遇了他的老朋友。

于⋯⋯情况〔状〕中
例如:Thehouseisonfire.房子着火了。

关于
例如:HewillwriteabookonthehistoryofBeijing.他将写一本关于北京史的。

to
表示象
例如:Iroseandpassedtheplatetohim.我起身把子他。

致使,表示果
例如:Totheirjoy,theywonaprizeinthecontest.在中,使他很高
12)with
第7页
〔1〕表示共同关系:和;和⋯⋯一起
例如:Iinvitedhimtohavedinnerwithme.我邀他和我一起吃。

〔2〕表示工具、手段等;用;被
例如:Theboycutthewoodwithaknife.男孩用刀刻木。

〔3〕表示附属关系:具有、有;在⋯⋯身
例如:TheWrightbrothersinventedthefirstplanewithanengine.
莱特兄弟明了第一架机的机。

〔4〕表示原因:因、由于
例如:Withhishelp,Ipassedthetest.在他的帮助下,我通了。

13〕without没有、不
例如:Youcan’tgoinwithoutaticket没.有票你不能去。

5.形容与介的搭配
befamousfor以⋯⋯知名bepleasedwith⋯⋯意beinterestedin⋯⋯感趣beangrywith⋯⋯生气belatefor到bereadyfor⋯⋯做好了准
begoodat擅于beproudof⋯⋯感到自豪
bebusywith忙于besurprisedat⋯⋯感到惊6.与介的搭配
agreewith同意某人意enterfor名参加helpsb.with帮助某人operateon某人手worryabout⋯⋯担pointat指着

8页
clear⋯from去除⋯⋯runafter追赶
payfor付belongto属于
protect ⋯from保⋯⋯prefer⋯to宁可;更喜⋯⋯
7.用中的介
not⋯atall一点也不⋯⋯infact事上
inall共〔all〕byoneself单独
bytheway便atthemoment此刻
inahurry匆忙地inchargeof
innotime很快fromtimetotime不地
intime及ontime准
8.学建:
1〕介的用法,学要抓住其要害:弄清句子意思、句子构,分析介在句子中的成分;
2〕掌握大量介短与固定搭配解是非常有益的;
3〕巧用例如法:于一些表示方位的介,可以借助例如行学;
4〕巧名前介的用法,如下口溜:
年月周前要用in,日子前面却不行;
遇到几号要用on,上午下午又是in;
要某日上下午,用on in才能行;
正午夜晚用at,黎明用它也不;
at也在点前,“差〞用to,past表示“〞;
多多牢牢,莫月空蹉跎。

【例精】
第9页
giraffeisatallanimalalongneck.
on
of
with
around
studentsasktheLanguageDoctor____someadviceanditisreallyhelpful.
on
for
to
with
isinthenorthofmillionpeople.
or
so
and
with
studentshaveabouttwentydays______forSpringFestivaleveryyear.
on
A.out
第10页
in
off
【课堂练习】
youknowthegirloverthere________?
---Itissaidthatit’sselfish______hertothinkonly______herself.
A.much,for,of
B.well,for,about
C.nice,of,over
D.well,of,of
youlikesomecoffeeormilk?
----No,thanks.Iwouldratherdrinktea__________milkinit
that
as
than
with
3.Mr.Jameswasn'tcompetitiveatall,anditwasnotlong____Msfirmwentbankrupt.
after
when
until
A.before
第11页
4.ManywomeninChinawouldliketobedressed_____red_____theirweddingday.
in;in
in;on
on;on
on;in
wouldyouchooseasyourbestfriend?
---I’dchoose’swillingtohelpothers dneetheirMaths.
for;with
in;with
with;for
to;/
二.感慨句
【知识梳理】
1.感慨句的概念
感慨句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。

感慨句句末通常用感慨号,读时一般用降调。

2.感慨句的根本句型
【句型一】What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!
Whatacleverboyheis!(他是个)多么聪明的男孩啊!
Whataninterestingstoryitis!(这是个)多么有趣的故事啊!
Whatfineweatheritis!多好的天气啊!
第12页
Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!(它们是)多么漂亮的花啊!
【说明】在感慨句中, Whata/an常用来修饰单数可数名词,假设其前面的形容词为元音开头,那么用an。

what是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。

但有些不可数名词,如rain,surprise,breakfast,lunch等,当前面有形容词修饰,使抽象名词具体化时,那么要用whata/an,如:
Whataheavyrainitis!多大的一场雨啊!
Whatagreatsurpriseitis!这多么令人惊奇啊!
Whatarichbreakfastitis!多么丰富的一顿早餐啊!
【句型二】How+形容词/副词 +主语+谓语!
Howwellyoulook!你气色真好!
Howkindyouare!你心肠真好!
Howbeatifullyyousing!你唱得真好听!
Strawberries!Hownice!草莓!多好呀!
Howclevertheboyis!这个男孩多么聪明啊!
Howfastheruns!他跑得多么快啊!
【说明】how还可以修饰动词构成感慨句,但动词不提前。

如:
HowIwanttobeadoctor!我多么想成为一名医生啊!
Howshedances!她跳得多好啊!
3.感慨句解题方法〔一〕——一找,二断,三辨,四确定
构成感慨句的感慨词有两个:what和how,其根本结构是:
1〕What+名词+陈述肯定式:
2〕How+形容词〔或副词〕+陈述肯定式
很多初学者常常对该用what还是该用how弄不清楚。

如:
第13页
____coldwaterthisis!
A.How B.What
____colditis!
A.What B.How
如果我们采取“一找?二断?三辨?四确定〞的方法很快就能确定该选哪个感慨词。

“一找〞即先找出句中的主语。

“二断〞就是在句中的名词〔形容词、副词等〕与代词〔或名词〕之间断开。

例如上面第一句应在water与this中断开〔因this是指示代词〕,断开后区分断线前面的词的词性,也就是所谓“三辨〞,句①中断线前的词是water,而water是名词。

第四步,就可迅速确定如果是名词就选what。

所以第一例句就选B。

用这个方法我们会对上面第二个例句
作出如下判断:____cold|itis!断开线,其前cold是形容词,故应填How。

上面两个例句是最根本最简单的填空题形式。

但只要掌握这个方法,即使再复杂的填空题也会迎刃而解。

不过还
要注意,如果断开后,断线前的那个中心词是单数可数名词,千万别忘了在感慨词与名词间加冠词〔aan〕。

例如:
____nicepresentitis!
A.How B.What
C.How D.Whata
用上述方法,从present与it之间断开,断线前present是名词,且为单数可数名词,nice又以辅音开头,应选D。

4.感慨句解题技巧〔二〕——“断→找→去→添→改〞五步法
假设把一个陈述句变为感慨句,可以采取这“五步法〞。

如:
Thepictureisverybeautiful.
断:在陈述句中的谓语动词后将句子断开:
Thepictureis|verybeautiful.
找:划出断线后的中心词是何词类。

去:中心词是形容词或副词时,要把修饰该形容词或副词的词去掉。

〔比方本句中心词beautiful是形容词,修饰该词的是very,变时应去掉very。

但须注意,线后如果是名词,名词前的修饰语是万万不能去掉的。

第14页
添:就是添上感慨词。

如果线后的中心词是名词,就添What;是形容词或副词就添How。

改:将陈述句句前的大写改为小写,将变为感慨句的感慨词及其修饰的名词局部放在句首,感慨词首写字母改为大写。

同时句尾的标点由陈述句的句号改为感慨句的感慨号。

据此,上句就变成了:Howbeautifulthepictureis!
再如:要把“Heisagoodstudent.〞变成感慨句,可如上法炮制:Heis|agoodstudent.中心词是名词student,a
good为修饰student的修饰语,不能去掉,故变成感慨句应选感慨词what,变成:Whatagoodstudentheis!
【例题精讲】
1.
Yes,
A.What,the
B.How,the
C.Whatan,a
D.What,a excitingnewsreportwe’veheard! teamofourwomenteacherswonthefirstplaceinthedancingcompetition.
2.—________interestingbookthereporternamedChaiJinghaswritten!—Iagreewithyou.Herarticlesarenotonlyinteresting,butalsomeaningful.
A.Whata
B.Whatan
How
Howan
例lovelyweatherwearehavingthesedays!
第15页
How
Howan
What
Whatan
【课堂练习】
1.itistohaveacolddrinkonsuchahotday!
A.Whatafun
B.Howfun
C.Whatfun
D.Howafun
2.disappointedshewillbeifsheknowstheresultofthematch!
What
How
Whata
Whatan
3.sunnydayitis!Let'sgotoflykites.
How
What
Howa
A.Whata
第16页
atthepicture.beautifulSanyais!I'llgotherethissummerholiday.
A.Whata
What
How
Howa
5.strongthewindis!Wecouldhardlywalkinthewind.
What
How
Whata
Howa
三.答复下列问题
【知识梳理】
1.题型概述
答复下列问题题型是“阅读理解〞的一种形式,考查学生信息查找能力、语篇理解能力和归纳概括能力。

题目难度介于阅读理解和写作之间,要求学生在看懂文章的根底上给出的问题答案。

要求学生要有很好的阅读理解和归纳总结的能力,并且能够根据所给题目准确找出解题依据,给出答案,注意细节。

文体主要还是以记叙文为主,其他文体为辅。

其中,问题类型的设置也是比拟固定的。

2.解题技巧
1〕读懂问题——通读全文——信息定位——准确表达——防止答非所问;
2〕注意以材料为本。

无论是单词、词组、句子,还是人、物、时间、地点、原因等,都要根据文章类型准确填写;
(3〕注意文章中的人称和时态,做到问答一致。

考试时最常见的错误就是时态语态用错;
第17页
4〕灵活运用同义词语的替换和各种句型的不同表达;
5〕对于开放性问题的答复,应根据文章提供的素材,根据全文大意、中心思想和作者的情感、立场展开合理的想象;
6〕在对待生词的处理上,要一分为二地看待。

有些不影响理解的生词〔如地名,人名〕可直接无视掉。

有些生
词前后会出现破折号、冒号或者出现thatistosay或者thatmeans等词时,其实就是解释说明的作用。

可以注意推测出词意;
7〕态度要端正,目前每年的篇幅都是呈上升的趋势,所以学生要有心理准备,务必要把握好做阅读题的节奏。

【例题精讲】
1.IsabelAllende’snovelsareenjoyedallovertheworld.Sheisfamousforhercreativityandimagination.Andher ownpersonalstoryisasamazingasanyshehasevertoldinanovel.Bornin1942,Allende’sfamilymovedoftenduringherchildhood.ShewenttoschoolinSouth America,Europe,andAsia.Asayoungwoman,shebecameajournalistinSantiago,Chile智’利
s()capitalcity.Then,shegotmarriedandhadtwochildren.In1970,everythingbegantochange.
Leavinghome
IsabelAllende’sunclewasapoliticalleadernamedSalvadorAllende.In1970,herunclewaselectedpresidentofChile.In1973,AugustoPinochetledamilitaryt akeover(军事接
管)oftheChileangovernment.PresidentAllendewaskilledduringthefighting.WhenIsabelAllendebegantofearforherlife,sheandherfamilydecidedtomoveto Venezuela(委内瑞拉).
FromNewspapertoNovels
ItwasreallyapainfulexperienceforIsabelAllendotofleehercountry.Withoutthisexperience,however,Allendesayssheneverwould havebegunwritingnovels.ThenshegotaphonecallfromChile.Hergrandfatherwasdying.Sheknew
shecouldnotreturnhometobewithhim,butshewantedtorespecthiminsomeway.“Idecidedtowritealettera thethingshetolduswhenwewereyoung,〞ter,hewrotealongletterwhichbecameAllendenovel,TheHouseoftheSpirits.
TheWritingLife
“Ispentten,twelvehoursadayinaroom,writing,〞Allensays,“Idon
’ttalktoanybody;Idon’ta
shefinishesthefirstdraft(草稿)ofanewnovel,Allendemailsacopytohertoughestcritic(最严厉的评论家).“Isenditto mymotherinChile.Shereadsitandcomeherewitharedpencil.Wefightforamonthatleast.engoesbackto〞Allende
workuntilshefeelsthebookisfinished.“Thestorytellingisthefunpart,〞shesays.“Thewritingcanbe
第18页
Allende’sownpersonalstoryisveryamazing,isn’tit?__________
wasIsabelAllendebeforeshegotmarried?__________
didthemilitarytakeoverinfluence(影响)IsabelAllende’slife?__________ didIsabelAllendestartwritingherfirstnovel?__________
doyouunderstand“Wefightforamonthatleast〞inthelastparagraph?__________ kindofpersondoyouthinkIsabelAllendeis?Giveyourreason(s).__________
【课堂练习】
1.Antarctica(南极洲〕isthefifth-largestcontinentonEarth.Itisalsothecoldest,windiest,driestandhighestcontinent.Itisanice-coveredplacewherenolargeplantsgrow,andnolandanimalslivethere.
Antarcticacoversanareaofmorethanmillionsquarekilometers.ItisnearlytwicethesizeofAustralia,or
one-and-ahalftimesthesizeoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.
Antarcticadoesnotbelongtoonecountry,andithasnogovernment.PeoplevisitAntarctica-usuallyastourists,ortodo scientificresearch-butnoonelivesthereallthetime.
Antarcticawasthelastcontinenttobediscovered.ItisnotcertainwhofirstsawAntarctica,butsailorsbegantomap Antarctica’scoastfromtheirshipsinthe1800s.Thefirstconfirmed证(实〕landingwasinthemid-1890s.
Overthenextfewyears,severalmentriedbutfailedtoreachtheSouthPole,whichistheEarth’sso Finally,ateamledbyNorwegianRoaldAmundsenreachedtheSouthPoein1911.Bythen,countriesaroundtheworld werebecomingmoreandmoreinterestedinthefrozencontinent,andsoonsevennations:Argentina,Australia,Chile, France,NewZealand,NorwayandtheUnitedKingdom,hadlaidclaimtopartsofAntarctica.
AssomanynationshadmadeaclaimtoterritoryinAntarctica,itwasclearthatfightingmightbreakout.Diplomats(外交官〕fromdifferentcountrieswantedtostopawarfromstarting,sotheybegantalkingaboutatreatyforAntarcticaA
treatyisawrittenagreementsignedbytowormorenations.
SeveralcountrieshadalreadysetupresearchstationsinAntarcticwherescientistscouldliveandwork.Mostscientists workedduringthesummermonthswhenitwasnotascoldasinwinter.Scientisthopedatreatywouldallowthemto
continuetheirworkandtoexchangeinformationwithscientistsfromcountries.
第19页
isthelargestcontinentonEarth,isn’tit?__________
bigisAntarctic?__________
firstsawAntarctica?__________ manynationshadlaidclaimtopartsofAntarctica?__________ diddiplomatsfromdifferentcountriesbegintalkingaboutatreatyforAntarctica?__________ youliketoworkinAntarcticainthefuture?Why?(Give2-3reasons)__________
willcomehere_______5:00_________6:00thisafternoon.
A.among;and
B.between;and
C.from;to
D.among;or
key____Englishwellistoreadmorewhen____.
第20页
A.tolearn,possible
B.oflearning,possibly
C.oflearning,waspossible
D.tolearning,possible
journeytoBeijingmight_______onlyaveryshorttime_____suchcarsthattravel______suchaspeed.
A.spend;in;at
B.take;by;at
C.cost;on;by
D.take;in;at
goodtimewehavehadinthejuniormiddleschool!
What
Whata
How
Howa
〕expensiveB〕handin C)ready D)complete E)lookup
LastSunday,Iwenttothepostofficetosubscribe(订阅)somemagazines.Iwasthereforhalfanhourandtherewasstillalonglineinfrontofme.
Myturncameatlast.Iquicklygoteverythingdone,andwas(1)__________toleave.Justthen,someone
camenearertome.Istoppedto(2)__________andsawhim,
oldandthin,withadirtycoatonhimwhichhadbeen
wornout.Icouldseeeasilythathewaspoor,fromthefarmountainarea.Isteppedbackward.Iwasinmy(3)__________
newcoat.
Hetoldmehewantedtosendsomemoneyhomebutdidn’tknowhowto(4)thetableinthe
第21页
sheet.Heaskedme ifIcouldhelphim.
“Butyoucanasktheclerk.
〞Afterthesewords,Ilookedawayfrozeandintosilence.
twins___________(argue)aboutwhatTVprogrammestowatchwhenIgothome.
isdevelopingquickly.Anumberof________(visit)aroundtheworldcomehereeveryyear.
likestalkingtootherswhile________(wait)forthebus.
problemisnotasdifficultasthatone.(保持原句意思)
Thisproblemis____________________thanthatone.
willtalkaboutthesafetyofgirlsduringthenextmeeting.(改为被动语态〕
Thesafetyofgirls
____________________talkedaboutduringthenextmeeting.
11.“WherecanIbuysomepostcards?〞thetouristwondered宾语从句.〕(
Thetouristwondered
12.__________he__________buysomepostcards.
InabookcalledMagnificentObsession,byLloydC.Douglas,adescriptionisgivenofpeoplehelpingothersbutdoingitsecretly.Whendiffic ultproblemsworriedaperson,friendsnearbywouldmeettodiscusspossiblesolutionwithoutthepersonknowingtheiractions.Whenasol utionwasagreedupon,oneortwoofthefriendswouldcarryouttheplanandsolvetheproblemsecretly,tothegreatdelightoftheworriedpers on.Thehelperswouldstandbyprivately,contentwith
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theirsuccess.Norewardwasgiventotheproblemsolvers,notevenasincere“thankyou〞,becausetheywe Thisideaispopulartodaybutinadifferentway.Thephrase payitforward〞isnow“usedwhenonepersonhelps
another.However,thepersonhelpedmaynotbeabletorepaythepersonorgroupthathelpedthem.Soratherthanreturnthefavortotheirhelpers,theyaresuppos edtohelpsomeoneelseinthefuture,whichmeanstheypayitforward.Itisasenseofresponsibility(责
任)whichmakesuswanttogivebackinequalmeasuretotheonewhohashelpedus.But,inthiscase,theresponsibilityturnstohelpingsomeoneinthefuture. Supposeyourelderlygrandmotherpayspartofyourschooling.Shemaytellyouthereisnoneedtorepayherbecauseitisagiftfromsomeonewholovesyouverym uch.Nothingwouldpleasehermorethantohaveyouusehermoneytogetagoodeducation.
Youmayneverbeabletorepayherforsuchagift.However,shenotonlygaveyousomemoney,butsheprovidedyouwithanexamplethatyoushouldalsohelpothe rpeoplewhoneedit.
Peoplewithseriousneedsareeverywhere.Manyarechildrenwhoneedbetterclothes,morebooksandevenbetter
schools.Someareelderlypeoplewhocan’taffordtheirmedicineoradoctor’scare.Considerhowyoucan“pratherthanpaymoneybacktoyourgrandmothe r.
1.Thehelpersinthebook“MagnificentObsession〞werenotrewardedbecause__________.
A.theyhadn’tsolvedth problemsthoroughly
B.theyhadsolvedtheproblemssecretly
C.theywerefriendsoftheworriedindividual
D.theyexpectedtobepaidbackinthefuture
2.Theunderlinedword“payitforward〞means__________.
A.torepaysomeonewhohashelpedyou
B.topaysomeoneelsewhoneedshelp
C.tohelpsomeonewhohashelpedyou
D.tohelpsomeoneelsewhoneedshelp
3.Whatdoesthewritersuggestwiththeexampleof“yourelderlygrandmother〞?__________
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A.Weshouldlearntorespectourgrandparents.
B.Weshouldworkhardtogetagoodeducation.
C.Weshouldalsolendahandtootherpeopleinneedofhelp.
D.Weshouldneverforgettorepaypeoplefortheirhelp.
Fromthepassageweknow__________.A.everybodyneedshelp
B.morechildrenneedhelpthanelderlypeople
C.itcostsalotofmoneyto“payitforward〞
D.nowadaysmanypeoplehelpotherswithoutbeingrepaid
13.Whetheritis“womenandchildrenfirstor“every〞manforhimself〞inashipwreckdependmayonhowlongit takestheshiptosink,researcherssaidrecently.
WhentheLusitaniawastorpedoed(用鱼雷袭击)byaGermanshipin1915,itsankin18minutesandthem
__________ ofthesurvivorswereyoungmenandwomenwhorespondedimmediatelytotheirpowerfulsurvival
instincts.
ButwhentheTitanicstruckanicebergin1912,itt
__________ threehourstogodown,allowingtimeformorecivilizedbehaviortotakecontrol--andthemajorityofthe survivorswerewomen,childrenandpeoplewithyoungchildren.
EconomistBennoTorgleroftheQueenslandUniversityofTechnologyinAustraliaandhiscolleaguesstudiedthetwo sinkingsinordertoexploretheeconomictheorythatpeoplegeneral lybehaveina“rational〞andselfishmanner.Thetwo tragediesprovideda“naturalexperiment〞fortestingtheidea,becausethepassengersonthetwoshipswerequitesimilarin t
__________ ofgenderandwealth.
Themajordifferencewashowlongittooktheshipstosink.Theysuggestedthatwhenpeoplehavel
__________timetoreact,instinctsmayrule.Whenmoretimeisavailable,socialinfluencesplayabiggerrole.But
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psychologistsnotedthatmanyfactorsotherthanfollowingsocialnorms(社会标准)couldcomeintoplayinadisaster, includinganevolutionaryurgetosavethespecies,attachmentsthatareformedbetweenindividualsduringtheeventand theleadershipofauthorityfigures.
Theextentofaltruism〔利他主义〕andhowitoccurs“isaverycontroversialissue,〞saidAnthonyR.Mawson,a professorofpreventivemedicineattheUniversityofMississippiMedicalCenter.Hethinksthedominantresponsewasattachmentbehavior.PsychologistDanielKrugeroftheUniversityofMichigan,USthinksthattheanswerlieslessinsocialnormsandm
__________ inourevolutionaryheritage.Humanbeingshaveadeepinstincttopreserveourkind,hesaid,andthat
means“peoplearemorelikelytos__________thosewhohavehigherreproductivevalu e,namelytheyoungandwomen
inchild-bearingyears.〞
Krugeralsostressedtheimportanceofleadershipduringadisaster,notingthattheTitanic’scaptain
g
__________ controlthantheLusitania.’s
1.连词和状语从句预习
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