中考英语专项复习之简单句

中考英语专项复习之简单句
一：简单句的特点
简单句通常只由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成。

如：He has made great progress in his English recently.
My classmates and I often play soccer after school.
Yesterday we went to the zoo and took some photos.
二：简单句的种类：
简单句一般分为陈述句、疑问句、感叹句和祈使句四种。

三：陈述句
用来说明一个事实的句子叫陈述句。

它有________式和________式两种形式。

▲陈述句的肯定式：
He ________（be）a middle school student.
She ________（can play）the piano when she was five.
She ________（teach）us geography.
Everybody ________（enjoy）themselves at the party last night.
She ________（remember）more than 1000 words since last term.
▲陈述句的否定式：
1)谓语动词如果是be 、助动词(have,has)、情态动词时,其否定式都是在它们的后面
加“________”。

如：
My brother ________ a teacher.（我的弟弟不是教师）
My mother ________ a meal in the kitchen now.（我母亲现在不在厨房里做饭）
I ____ ____ go there tomorrow.（明天我不去那儿）
You ____ ____ such mistakes again.（你不该再犯类似错误了）
We ____ ____ the question yet.（我们还没有讨论那个问题呢）.
2)谓语动词是实义动词时,须在它的前面加________或________或________.如：
I ____ ____anything about it.(此事我一无所知)
Li Ming ____ ____ pigs in the countryside.（李明不在农村养猪）/
We ____ ____ her right here yesterday.（昨天我们没在这里见到她）
四：疑问句
▲一般疑问句：提问所述情况是否符合事实，要求用是还是不是，对还是错（用“yes”
或“no”）来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。

1)一般疑问句构成：
①句中谓语动词是be、助动词(have,has)，情态动词时,则将它们____ ____。

如：
___ ___ an engineer?（他是工程师吗？）
___ ___ watching TV at this time yesterday?（昨天的这个时候你在看电视吗？）
___ ___ write when he was three?（三岁时他会写字吗？）
___ ___finished today’s task yet? （你已经完成今天的任务了吗？）
②谓语动词是实义动词时, 则在主语 _加助动词____ _/____ / ____ . 如：
__ _ you __ _at six every morning?（你天天早晨六点起身吗？）/
__ _she __ _ hard?（她学习努力吗？）/
__ _they__ _ there by bus yesterday?（昨天他们坐公共汽车去那儿了吗？）▲特殊疑问句：询问其语句中所缺失的部分，或者说，是要求得到暂时不知道的信息：什么，哪里，谁，哪个，怎么样，多少，等等。

1)特殊疑问句结构(重点学习谓语动词是实义动词时)
①观察以下例句来总结句型
How often do you have English class every week?
What does her mother work?
How did the people spend their life in the past?
一般过去/现在时的特殊疑问句句型是：__ .
②观察以下例句来总结句型
How soon will the workers finish building the bridge?
Where will they plan to visit next week?
What are you going to do in the future?
Which style of dress are you going to choose ?
一般将来在时的特殊疑问句句型是：__ .
或：__ .
③观察以下例句来总结句型
What were you doing at this time yesterday?
What are they talking about now?
过去/现在进行时的特殊疑问句句型是：__ .
五：反意疑问句
反意疑问句表示对陈述句所说的事实提出相反的疑问,要求对方用“yes”或“no”来进行回答。

1) 构成：陈述句+附加问句。

由两部分组成：前一部分是句,后一部分是句,
如果陈述句是肯定结构,反意疑问句须用结构；
反之,陈述句如果是否定结构,反意疑问句须用结构。

反意疑问句的两部分, 必须保持人称和时态的一致；
反意疑问句的回答有时会和汉语不同。

肯定陈述句附加问句部分例句
当谓语动词有be动词时__ +__
There is a picture on the wall, ?
当谓语动词有情态动词时__ +__
He can sing English songs, ?
当谓语动词有
实意动词时__ +__ The man went away, ? Maria often gets up early, ?
否定陈述句附加问句部分例句
当谓语动词有be动词时__ +__
They aren’t sleeping, ?
当谓语动词有情态动词时__ +__
He can’t sing English songs, ?
当谓语动词有
实意动词时__ +__ They don’t work in an office, ? Maria didn’t come back yesterday, ?
2) 反意问句的回答：
无论哪种形式的反意问句,回答时要遵循：“Yes,+肯定式”或者“No,+否定式”
如：The man went away, didn’t he?(那人走开了,不是吗？)
——.(是的,他走了。

)/.(不,他没有走。

)
★The man never went there, did he?(这人从来不去那里,是吗？)
——.(不是呀,他去的。

)/.(是呀,他不去。

)
3)特殊句型：
①.祈使句。

祈使句后一般加上或构成反义疑问句，
用will you多表示“请求”，用won’t you多表示提醒对方注意。

例如：
Don’t talk loudly in the reading room,?
Remember to bring your guitar tomorrow,?
★let引导的祈使句有两种情况：
let’s---，后的反义疑问句用;let us/me--- 后的反义疑问句用。

如：Let’s go home,? let me have a try,?
②反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom，no, nobody, nothing,
none, neither等表否定意义的词时，问句部分用式。

如：
She never tells a lie,?（不用doesn’t she?）
He was seldom late,?（不用wasn’t he?）
③★反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We)第一人称think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从
句时，问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致。

如：
I think that he has done his best,? （不用don’t I?）
We think that English is very useful,?（不用don’t we?）
★反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) don’t think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。

如：
I don’t think that yo u can do it,?（不用do I?）
We don’t believe that the news is true,?（不用do we?）
④★陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时，问句部分的
主语用。

如：
Something is wrong with the computer,?
Nothing has happened to them,?
★陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one), everybody(everyone)，时，问句部分的主语用或如：
Someone has taken the seat,?
Everyone has done his best in the game,?
六：感叹句
感叹句用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情。

句末常用“！”
①what引导的感叹句
（1）What a beautiful girl she is！她是一个多么漂亮的女孩呀！
What an interesting book it is！这是一本多么有趣的书啊！
通过例句归纳出句型：
（2）What important jobs they have done！他们做了多么重要的工作呀！
What beautiful flowers they are！它们是多么漂亮的花呀！
通过例句归纳出句型：
（3）What sweet water it is！多甜的水呀！
What sunny weather it is today! 今天的天气多么的晴朗啊！
通过例句归纳出句型：
②how引导的感叹句
（1）How interesting the dog is！多么有趣的狗呀！
How useful the subject they are learning！他们正在学的科目多么有用呀！
通过例句归纳出句型：
（2）How happily they are playing！他们正玩得多开心啊！
How quickly he runs! 他跑得多快啊！
通过例句归纳出句型：
选用感叹词来完成句子
a beautiful flower it is! beautiful flowers they are!
beautiful the flower is! bad news I heard just now!
clever it is! fast he runs every time!
七: 倒装句与非倒装句
1. —I really hate to go to such a place. —So do I.
—No one likes" Little Emperors'. —Neither do my parents.
①So do I .为倒装句，表示前面提到的肯定情况也同样适合另外一个主体，
表“某某也一样”，结构为“”。

如：
Jim is a student, . 吉姆是一名学生，汤姆也是。

Jim can swim, . 吉姆会游泳，汤姆也会。

Jim likes sports, . 吉姆喜欢运动，汤姆也喜欢。

②如表前面不怎样，后面“也不”时，其结构为“ ”。

如：
Jim isn’t Chinese,.吉姆不是中国人，他们也不是。

Jim can’t speak Japanese, .吉姆不会说日语，我也不会。

Jim hasn’t been there, .吉姆没去过那儿，我也没去过。

2. —The population in developing countries is growing faster. —So it is.
So it is译成:
如后者对前者的陈述表示一致时，意为“的确如此”，结构为
“”。

eg: Jim is a good student. . 吉姆是一名好学生，的确如此。

Jim swims well. . 吉姆游泳很好，的确如此。

八：英语句子的成分
1.主语：是一个句的主体，是全句述说的对象，一般放于句首。

它只能由，
，以及来充当。

例：①This great （发明）makes us feel convenient in our life.
（发明：是动词,是名词，因为名词可以当主语）
②（他们）are all good at swimming.
（他们：是主格，是宾格，人称代词当主语只能用主格）
③（吸烟）is bad for our health.
（吸烟：是动词，是动名词，动词要改成ing形式才可当主语）
④（成为）a doctor is her dream.
（结构形式当主语表达将来的动作）
2. 谓语：表示主语的行为或状态，常用担任，放在主语后面
注意谓语一定注意数，人称，时态，语态的变化.（特别时态不同引起谓语不同）谓语动词要注意六大时态的变化（列出以下时态谓语动词的结构）
①一般现在时——/形式
I often（listen）to music in my spare time.
Jane often（listen）to music in her spare time.
②一般过去时——（规则与不规则变化）
I（listen）to music in my study just now.
③一般将来时——/
I（listen）to music later on the Internet.
I（listen）to music later on the Internet.
④现在进行时——
He（listen）to music at the moment.
⑤过去进行时——
He（listen）to music at this time last night.
⑥现在完成时——
I（listen）to the song for several times.
3. 宾语：作为谓语动词的承受者，放在及物动词或者介词之后。

它可以用，，
以及来充当。

例：①Going to school without breakfast may cause（疾病）.
（疾病：是形容词,是名词，因为名词可以当宾语）
②I often help（她）with her English after class.
（她：是主格，是宾格，人称当宾语只能用宾格）
③Maria enjoys （收集）stamps.
（收集：是动词，是动名词，enjoy后动词要用ing形式可当宾语）
④We plan （参观）Beijing next week.
（当宾语是受到谓语动词用法的影响）
4. 定语：在句子当中用来修饰某个名词的特征作用，它是由形容词,物主代词，数词来充当
的。

其位置一般位于名词的（前面/后面）。

例：①Fall is a（有希望的）season, so farmers are busy harvesting.
②Beijing is one of the most beautiful （国际的）cities of the world.
③.Every（成功的）people will be regarded as a good example.
④This is（我的）coat.
5. 表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。

名词，形容词，介词短语，动名词以及动词不定式
都可以充当表语。

（句子结构：）例：①.（这个食物品尝起来很美味）
②.（他在我们班是最高的）
③.（我的爱好是听音乐）
④.（他的梦想是成为一名医生）
6．状语：可以充当状语
1) 时间副词
时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。

一般位于句子的。

例如：①？
在你的空余时间你经常做什么？
②.
昨晚的九点到十点，我正在看足球比赛。

2) 地点副词
地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。

一般位于句子的。

例如：①？
昨天我在我回家的路上见到我的一位老朋友。

②.
他经常在学校吃午饭。

3) 方式副词
方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的？”这类问题的，一般位于动词或动词短语
的。

例如：The old man walked home （slow）.
Please listen to the teacher （careful）.
4) 程度副词
程度副词多用来修饰，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。

常见的程度副词有：a little, a lot, very, so, too, quite, enough, rather, pretty, nearly, almost, hardly,等。

例如：She sings English songs （相当）well.
I can （几乎不）agree with you.
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1．阅读理解
Kathy could still remember the night she had to leave her home in Hungary. It was the beginning of World War II and her family had to leave their country as soon as possible. She quickly filled a bag with a few pieces of clothing, her diary, and her treasure—a beautiful silk scarf.
Kathy and her best friend, Monica, had asked their parents to buy them matching scarves. They each would wear the scarves as a symbol of their friendship. Kathy had no idea that she was going to America that night and would not be returning.
Kathy kept that special silk scarf for many years. One day she decided to give it to her granddaughter, Eliza, to wear to her first job interview for good luck. Kathy was afraid that Eliza would lose the scarf, but the granddaughter promised, "Don't worry, Grandma, nothing's going to happen to your scarf. You'll see. It is going to bring both of us luck today, "And with that, Eliza kissed her grandmother and left for the interview.
That afternoon Eliza left the interview, feeling sure that she had got the job. So she decided to celebrate by going to a restaurant. As she was sitting at her table, she felt someone looking at her. Sitting next to her was an old woman, who could not take her eyes away from her "I'm sorry, do I know you？" Eliza asked.
"I'm sorry, dear, but you make me think of someone I once knew, "the old woman replied." My best friend looked like you and used to wear a scarf just like the one you're wearing around your neck." Eliza listened carefully, with her eyes and mouth wide open. She had heard stories of her grandmother's best friend and knew the meaning of the scarf. Could this be Monica, her grandmothers childhood friend？
Eliza introduced herself and waited to hear the name of the other woman.
"My name's Monica, dear, I lived in Hungary as a child, but my family had to leave when I was fourteen years old. I've been living here in California ever since," said the old woman.
ELiza could not believe her ears…
（1）Kathy and her family left their country because_________.
A. Kathy found a job in the USA
B. Kathy would study in California
C. they had no friends in Europe
D. they wanted to get away from the war
（2）From the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6, we can infer that Eliza felt _______.
A. surprised
B. thankful
C. sorry
D. nervous
（3）What would Eliza most probably do after the dinner？
A. She gave the silk scarf to Monica.
B. She went for another job interview.
C. She showed Monica around California.
D. She took Monica to meet her grandmother.（4）The best title for this passage can be .
A. A Gift from Parents
B. A Scarf of Luck
C. A Successful Interview
D. A Story in the War
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了一对分别多年的老朋友在一个偶然的情况下凭借一条丝巾重逢的故事。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第一段中It was the beginning of World War II and her family had to leave their country as soon as possible.可知，那是第二次世界大战的开始，她的家人不得不尽快离开他们的国家。

故选D。

（2）推理判断题。

由划线句Eliza listened carefully, with her eyes and mouth wide open.可知，Eliza 认真地听着，张大了眼睛与嘴巴。

因此Eliza 此时的心情是感到惊讶（surprised）的。

故选A。

（3）推理判断题。

由全文可知，Eliza遇见的Monica就是祖母Kathy小时候最好的朋友，而祖母已经很多年没有见到Monica，但至今仍保存着象征她们友谊的围巾。

说明Kathy十分希望能再见到Monica。

因此Eliza会把Monica带回家见祖母。

故选D。

（4）主旨大意题。

由第三段倒数第二句It is going to bring both of us luck today可知，今天它（围巾）会给“我们”俩都带来好运。

又由下文可知，Eliza戴上围巾后，不仅面试十分顺利而且还遇见了祖母Kathy多年未见的好友Monica，而Monica也一直注意着这条象征她和Kathy友谊的围巾。

故选B。

【点评】本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．阅读下列短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

E
My dear grandchildren Charlie and Mary,
Your mother Rachel has expected me to write down some advice for you. Here are some important things that I've learnt about life. Wish they could help you more or less.
Hold on to your dreams no matter how difficult they are or how “different” they may seem to others. Just do it! The worst thing in life is to look back and say, “I would have ...; I could have ...; I should have...”
Make a “Life List” of all those things you want to do such as travelling to places, lear ning a skill, mastering a language or meeting someone special. Don't say “I'll do it tomorrow”. There is no tomorrow, and there is no “right” time to begin something except now.
Be kind and spare no effort to help people — especially the weak and the poor. Everyone has a special pain, and they need our care and help.
Read books, as many as you can. They bring pleasure, knowledge and inspiration (灵感) to you.
Always travel, especially when you are young. Don't wait until you have “enough” money or everything is “just right”. That never happens. Get your passport today.
Remember not to argue. It never works, and it only hurts both yourselves and others. You should hug people you love. Tell them how much they mean to you now. Don't wait until it's too late.
Be grateful. There is an Irish saying, “This is a day in our lives, and it will not come again.” Live every day with this in mind.
Yours,
Granny （1）What does the underlined phrase “spare no effort” mean?
A. Do your best
B. Find your time
C. Use your own way
D. Take your time （2）What did the writer wish her grandchildren to be?
A. Rich and famous
B. Healthy and strong
C. Funny and active
D. Friendly and polite （3）The writer suggested that her grandchildren should ________.
A. never look back to their lives
B. leave everything for tomorrow
C. be thankful for the day they have
D. always try to hug anyone they meet
（4）What can we infer from the letter?
A. The writer has only two grandchildren.
B. The writer has experienced a lot in life.
C. The grandchildren were short of education.
D. The children used to argue with their mother.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】短文是作者结合自己的人生经历给两个孙子女的一些宝贵建议。

（1）词义推测题。

结合句意可知是“尽力”的意思，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。

A.富有并有名的； B.健康并强壮的； C.有趣并活跃的； D.友好并礼貌的。

通读全文后，可知奶奶希望她的孙女成为一个友好而礼貌的人，故选D。

（3）细节判断题。

从Be grateful. There is an Irish saying, “This is a day in our lives, and it will not come again.” Live every day with this in mind.可知要感激我们拥有的每一天，故选C。

（4）细节判断题。

从文章作者给出的一些感想和建议中可知作者在生活中经历了很多，故选B。

【点评】考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

3．阅读理解
China's second female astronaut, Wang Yaping, has given the country's first-ever video lecture from space. The whole lecture lasted about 40 minutes.
Speaking to students through live video, from the Tiangong-I space laboratory, Ms. Wang used spinning tops (旋转的陀螺), a ball and some water to explain physics in zero-gravity(失重), with the help of a fellow astronaut.
Ms. Wang used different experiments to demonstrate the concepts of weight and mass(重量和质量的概念) in space. Towards the end of the class, Ms. Wang made a film(薄膜) of water using a metal ring. She then turned the film of water into a water ball by pouring more water onto it.
Around 330 primary and secondary school students watched the lecture from a special classroom in Beijing, where they could also ask Ms. Wang questions through live video. From time to time, the students greeted her lecture with warm applause(掌声).
When answering a student's question, Ms. Wang described what she could see in space. "The stars we see are much brighter, but they do not twinkle(闪烁)," she said, "The sky we see isn't blue, but black. And every day, we can see the sun rise 16 times because we circle the Earth every 90 minutes."
About 60 million students and teachers around China also watched the lecture live on TV.（1）What's the purpose(目的) of the space lecture?
A. To explain physics of zero-gravity in space.
B. To demonstrate the concept of weight and mass in space.
C. To tell us what can be seen in space.
D. To show that the Earth is far away from space.
（2）What does the underlined word "demonstrate" in the passage most probably mean in Chinese?
A. 区别
B. 强调
C. 传授
D. 演示（3）Towards the end of the lecture, Wang Yaping made a film of water so as to .
A. play with it
B. use a metal ring
C. turn it into a water ball
D. pour more water onto it
（4）About students and teachers watched the lecture both from a special classroom and on TV.
A. 330
B. 60,000,000
C. 6,000,330
D. 60,000,330（5）Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Wang Yaping is China's second female astronaut.
B. Wang Yaping gave the lecture from space all by herself.
C. The lecture was warmly welcomed by the students.
D. The sky isn't blue but black when astronauts see it in space.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）D
（5）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：中国的第二位女宇航员王亚平已经在空间上发表了全国第一个视频讲座。

数以千万计的学生通过看电视观看精彩的表演。

学生对太空和科学产生了很大的兴趣，他们梦想自己成为一个航天员。

（1）细节理解题，根据文中的语句Ms. Wang used spinning tops (旋转的陀螺), a ball and some water to explain physics in zero-gravity(失重), with the help of a fellow astronaut.理解可知，太空实验的目的就是来解释零重力下的物理。

故选A。

（2）词义理解题，根据文中的语句Ms. Wang used different experiments to demonstrate the concepts of weight and mass(重量和质量的概念) in space.理解可知女士用不同的实验演示了太空中重量和质量的概念。

故选D。

（3）细节理解题，根据文中的语句She then turned the film of water into a water ball by pouring more water onto it.理解可知，王女士拍电影的目的就是将它变成一个小水珠，故选C。

（4）细节理解题，根据文中的语句 Around 330 primary and secondary school students watched the lecture from a special classroom in Beijing, 以及 About 60 million students and teachers around China also watched the lecture live on TV.理解可知，全国将有60,000,330人观看了这堂讲座，故选D。

（5）细节理解题，根据文中的语句 Ms. Wang used spinning tops (旋转的陀螺), a ball and some water to explain physics in zero-gravity(失重), with the help of a fellow astronaut.理解可知，王女士在同伴的帮助下，给全国的观众上了这堂课，而不是她自己，选项B的描述是错误的，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项
4．阅读理解
It's hard to turn down a tasty banana. They taste good and you don't have to wash them before eating them. However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050.
One reason for this is climate(气候) change. Scientists at the University of Exeter collected data(数据) from 27 countries and regions that produce 86 percent of the world's bananas. They found that climate change has improved growing conditions in 21 of these countries. In the past 60 years, the average yield(平均产量) has reached 1.37 tons of bananas per hectare(公顷).
However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the world's biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050,
the fruit may die out.
Shouldn't bananas grow more easily if it's hotter outside? In fact, the perfect temperature range for growing bananas is between 24 and 32 C. If temperatures get too high, they will stop growing.
Diseases are another danger to bananas. Unlike other crops, the bananas we grow come from shoot cuttings(茎段) rather than seeds. This means that all banana plants have the same genotype(基因型). In other words, if a disease is able to kill one plant, it could kill them all.
One serious disease is called Panama. Caused by fungus(真菌) in the soil, it spreads easily. It has spread across South Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Australia. If one banana plantation(种植园) suffers from the disease, it will take 30 years until it is able to grow bananas again. Scientists have yet to find a cure for this disease.
（1）What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. People's love for bananas.
B. The taste of bananas.
C. The convenience of eating bananas.
D. The future disappearance of bananas.
（2）What might happen if temperatures keep going higher?
A. More countries will start to grow bananas.
B. Bananas will grow better in most countries.
C. Bananas will not be able to grow any more.
D. Bananas won't be as tasty as before.
（3）What does Paragraph 5 tell us?
A. What diseases bananas may suffer from.
B. How bananas are grown.
C. How diseases can easily kill bananas.
D. Which diseases can kill bananas.
（4）The passage is written to ________.
A. offer tips for growing bananas
B. explain why bananas may die out
C. show the difficulties of growing bananas
D. describe bananas' growing conditions
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了香蕉可能消失的原因。

（1）推断题。

根据前句However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050.可知介绍了香蕉可能消失的原因，所以this代指香蕉消失，故选D。

（2）细节题。

根据However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the world's biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer
bananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out可知温度持续上升，香蕉将更少，最终可能消失，即不能生长，故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据Diseases are another danger to bananas.可知疾病是香蕉的另一个危险，即疾病是怎样杀死香蕉的，故选C。

（4）主旨题。

根据全文可知主要讲了香蕉可能消失的原因，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

5．阅读理解
Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents.
However, it is not true.
Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents, don't worry about it. Here is some advice for you to bridge the generation gap(消除代沟).
Don't argue with your parents. Don't get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. And you can't express yourself well if you are angry. Go to some-place to calm down. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don't think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter.
Try to reach a compromise(和解).Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael's mother didn't agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to a compromise. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days. Of course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong.
Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life.
A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. Please have a try!
（1）The passage tells us have a communication problem.
A. parents and other people
B. school kids and their parents
C. teachers and their students
D. parents and their children of all ages
（2）Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you .
A. don't often get to them
B. write a letter to them
C. don't speak to them politely
D. express yourself well
（3）The underlined phrase "calm down" in the passage means " ".
A. make yourself happy
B. get yourself quiet and relaxed
C. have a good rest
D. hide yourself quickly
（4）From the passage we can learn that .
A. parents and children should not have a generation gap
B. parents should show love and respect to their children
C. there are some good ways to bridge the generation gap
D. there are so many serious problems in families today
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：有些人认为只有学校的孩子不同意他们的父母。

但事实并非如此。

沟通对所有年龄段的父母和孩子都是一个问题。

如果你很难与父母沟通，不要担心。

短文为我们提供了一些见建议，告诉我们如何弥合代购，同时告诉我们，只有与父母和好相处的人才会更有出息。

（1）细节理解题，根据Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages.可知短文谈论的是孩子和父母所面临的最为平常的问题，故答案是D。

（2）细节理解题，根据Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them.可知，如果喊叫着跟父母说，父母是不会同意你的想法的，故答案是C。

（3）细节理解题，根据And you can't express yourself well if you are angry. Go to some-place to calm down. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents.可知，calm down是冷静，镇静的意思，故答案是B。

（4）逻辑推理题，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述如何弥补代沟的建议，所以代沟是有好多办法来弥补的，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。

细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，有已知内容推出未知的可能的事实。