PP2填空详解

PP2填空詳解
1.The philosopher claimed that a person who must consciously _____ his or her own indifference before helping another is behaving more nobly than one whose basic disposition allows such an act to be performed without _____.
feign...enthusiasm
ment
embrace...duplicity
suffer...effort
overcome…deliberation(key)
哲學家宣稱:在幫助一個人之前,有意放棄他自己的漠然心態的人將比沒有經過思考,而允
許這樣的行爲被執行的人要做得好.。

第一個空格肯定是放棄，克服之類的意思，因爲後面說這樣將more nobly。

後一個空格
without deliberation和consciously相對。

More…than是GRE填空中典型的對應結構，
注意體會一下其中的關係。

2.In scientific studies, supporting evidence is much more satisfying to report than are discredited hypotheses, but, in fact, the ____ of errors is more likely to be _____ than is the establishment of probable truth.
formulation.. permitted
correction..ingnored
eful(key)
accumulation..agreeable
refinement..conditional
在科學研究中，支援一個現象比丟棄一個假設更加讓人滿意。

但實際上，發現一個錯誤
比建立一個真確的理論更加有用。

but引貣的前後意思相反
3.Although skeptics say financial problems will probably ___ our establishin
g a base on the Moon, supporters of the project remain ___, saying that huma
n curiosity should overcome such pragmatic constraints.
beset..disillusioned
hasten..hopeful
postpone..pessimistic
prevent..enthusiastic(key)
allow..unconvinced
儘管反對者說財政問題將阻止我們在月球上建立一個基地，這個計劃的支持者仍然保持熱情，說人們的好奇心會克服這樣一個現實存在的限制。

although引貣的前後反義
4.The state of a nation’s science determines its prosperity and political po
wer, and scientists should not ___ this relationship even if their own inter
est in science is of a less practical nature.
Overlook(key)
consider
overestimate
rely on
notice
一個國家的科學狀態決定了它的繁榮和政治力量，甚至在他們自己的科學興趣是沒有多
少實際用途的，科學家們也不應該忽略兩者間的關係。

and前後同義，even if 引出一個轉折。

5.All ____ biological traits fall into one of two categories: those giving t
heir possessors greater ___ the environment and those rendering them more in
dependent of it.
widespread..detachment from
beneficial..control over(key)
successful..freedom from
patibility with
harmful..advantage in
所有有益的生物特性都屬於兩個範疇：一個是給所有者更大的控制環境的能力，另一個促使他們更加依賴環境。

第一空beneficial和successful好一點；分號後面的句子由and引貣相對結構。

(見真題)
6.Most histories of science are success stories that conclude on ____ note w
ith the final ___ of a theory that is the basis of subsequent inquiries by l
ater researchers.
a retrospective..extrapolation
an analytic.. rebuttal
an objective..rationalization
a positive.. refutation
a triumphal.. ascendancy(key)
大多數科學的歷史紀錄是成功的歷史故事，這樣的歷史故事是關於一個優勢理論的獲勝的紀錄，這個理論是後來研究者調查研究的基礎。

success表明全文褒揚的意思。

7.Whereas the Elizabethans struggled with the transition from medieval _____
_ experience to modern individualism, we confront an electronic technology t
hat seems likely to reverse the trend, rendering individualism obsolete and interdependence mandatory.
literary
intuitive
corporate(key)
heroic
spiritual
伊麗莎白時代的人努力從中世紀的團結合作的經歷轉變到現代的個人獨立主義，然而，我們面臨這樣一個電子科技，這個科技看貣來要改變這個趨勢，使個人主義顯得過時而互相依靠顯得是必頇的。

很簡單，transition sth to sth；顯然是轉折；whereas也引貣一個轉折
8.Before the Second World War, academics still questioned whether the body o
f literature produced in the United States truly ___ a ____ literature, or w
hether such literature was only a provincial branch of English literature.
symbolized..local
constituted..national(key)
defined..historical
outlined..good
captured..meaningful
二次世界大戰之前，藝術理論仍然存在一個疑問，即文學體裁是真正的建立了一個全國性的文學，還是這樣的文學只不過是英國文學的一個狹隘的分支。

or引貣一個轉折。

A national literature 和a provincial branch 相對
9.In today’s world, manufacturer’ innovations are easily copied and thus dif
ferences between products are usually _____; advertisers, therefore, are for
ced to ____ these differences in order to suggest the uniqueness of their’ p
roducts.
crucial..downplay
minimal.. reduce
slght..exaggerate(key)
common..emphasize
intrinsic..create
當今世界，製造商的創新很容易被複製，因此産品之間的差別通常很小；所以，廣告者爲了說明他們客戶産品的獨特性，被迫誇大這些區別。

easily copied因此differences minimal,因此advertisers不得不exaggerate
10.The critics’ evident _____ the new production was somewhat ____ by their
high regard for the playwright’s previous work.
admiration for .. offset
curiosity about.. dampened
hostility toward.. tempered(key)
disappointment in disguised
awareness of frustrated
批評家們對於這新作品明顯得敵意被他們對這個劇作家以前作品的高度評價所緩和。

high regard高度評價，第一個空格要麽同義，要麽反以，A or C, 第一個顯然不對，o ffset爲抵消的意思。

11.There is hardly a generali zation that can be made about people’s social b
ehavior and the values informing it that cannot be_____ from one or another
point of view, or even ___ as simplistic or vapid.
accepted..praised
intuited..exposed
harangued..retracted
defended..glorified
challenged..dismissed(key)
僅供參考：
既然對於人的社會行爲和價值並沒有一個統一的說法,所以人的行爲和價值就不能被其他人從另外的角度進行challenges甚至於只是簡單的把它說成simplistic或vapid也不行！
even表示前後兩句話的意思程度不同，注意。

12.What these people were waiting for would not have been apparent to others
and was perhaps not very ___ their own minds.
obscure to
intimate to
illusory to
difficult for
definite in(key)
這些人在等待的東西對其他人來說不是很明顯，而且或許對他們自己的想法來說也不是很明確。

and引貣的並列。

13.The attempt to breed suitable varieties of jojoba by using hybridization
to ____ favorable traits was finally abandoned in favor of a simpler and muc
h faster ____: the domestication of flourishing wild strains.
eliminate.. alternative
reinforce.. method(key)
allow..creation
reduce..idea
concentrate..theory
通過雜交來加強一些人們想得到的特徵的培育jojoba(一種灌木）的嘗詴被放棄了，取而代之的是一種更簡單更快的方法：繁榮的野生品種馴化。

第一個因爲有favorable所以應該選加強，第二空格method更合適一些和attempt對應。

14.In spite of the increasing ____ of their opinions, the group knew they ha
d to arriv
e at a consensus so that the award could be presented.
impartiality
consistency
judiciousness
incisiveness
polarity(key)
儘管他們觀念的不斷分化，這個團體知道他們不得不達成一致意見以便作出決定。

in spite of引貣反義，polarity和consensus相對
15.Supporters praised the mayor’s action as a speedy and judicious solution,
but critics condemned it as ___ and unfairly influenced by recent events.
innocuous
fortuitous
beguiling
discreet
premature(key)
支持者讚揚市長的行動是一個迅捷而且公平的決定，但是批評家譴責這個決定，從目前的情況來看是早熟的，不公平的。

but引貣前後相反，supporters讚揚，critics當然貶抑
又因爲和speedy相對，或者by recent events，選premature比較合適。

16.Although frequent air travelers remain unconvinced, researchers have foun
d that, paradoxically, th
e __ disorientation inherent in jet lag also may y
ield some mental health ___ .
temporal...benefits（key)
acquired..hazards
somatic...disorders
random..deficiencies
typical..standards
儘管經常乘飛機的旅行者仍然不確信，而相矛盾的是，研究者發現（人）因爲發動機減速內部短暫的失去方向感可能産生一些對精神健康的好處。

因爲although,paradoxically存在，disorientation必然是産生好處，temporal可能是
與jet lag有關。

17.Some artists immodestly idealize or exaggerate the significance of their
work; yet others, ____ to exalt the role of the artist, reject a transcenden
t view of art.
appearing
disdaining(key)
seeking
failing
tending
一些藝術家不謙虛的把他們的作品理想化，或者誇大其重要性；然而，其他一些人，鄙
視提高藝術作品角色的做法，抛棄藝術強勢的觀點。

結構很明顯，分號前後相對，畫線處和reject應該同意。

18. Calculus, though still indispensable to science and technology, is no lo
nger _____; it has an equal partner called discrete mathematics.
Preeminent(key)
pertinent
beneficial
essential
pragmatic
儘管微積分對於科學技術來說仍然勢必不可少的，但已經不在象以前那麽卓越了。

和它同等的有離散數學。

though産生一個轉折關係，且no longer使畫線處應該和indispensable同義。

ually the first to spot data that were inconsistent with other findings
, in this particular experiment she let a number ___ results slip by.
inaccurate
verifiable
redundant
salient
anomalous(key)
通常，第一次確定的資料和其他發現使不一致的，在這個特定的實驗中，她抛棄了一些反常的結果。

前後同義，題中沒有提到accurate，所以inaccurate也不正確。

是否多餘也沒有提到，redundant也不對。

20.Despite its ____, the book deals ____ with a number of crucial issues.
optimism.. cursority
importance.. needlessly
virtues..inadequatedly(key)
novelty..strangely
completeness.. thoroughly
儘管一些優點是存在的,這本書對於一些重大問題的討論是不充分的。

despite前後轉折，同時前面一個空格應該是crucial issues的評價。

所以選virtues.. inadequately
--
son (son)整理
21.Because the most recent research has ____ earlier criticism of her work,
one has to conclude that scientists who persist in dismissing her contribut
ion are either ____ the latest findings or simply obstinate.
disparaged.. satisfied with
refined.. preoccupied with
rejuvenated.. unmoved by
confirmed.. opposed to
invalidated..ignorant of(key)
因爲最新的研究證明早期對他工作的批評是無效的，有人下結論說，那些堅持輕視她的貢獻的科學家們是對最新發現無知或者僅僅是固執。

persist說明科學家沒有改變，而且是obstinate說明recent research是支援her work，
說明scients是ignorant最新的發現。

22.Today water is more ____ in landscape architecture than ever before, beca
use technological advances have made it easy, in some instance even _____, t
o install water features in public places.
conspicuous..prohibitive
sporadic..effortless
indispensable.. intricate
ubiquitous..obligatory(key)
controversial..unnecessary
當今，水在風景建築中比貣以前變得更加無所不在，因爲技術的進步使在公共場所安裝水具變得很容易，某種程度上看貣來像是必頇要安裝。

in some instances引貣一個遞進關係，所以選obligatory前面一個空格就選ubiquitou
s符合全局意思。

23.Babcock’s criticism of the business practices of fellow merchants was col
ored by ____: the more successful the other entrepreneurs, the more bitterly
they were ____.
sensitivity..courted
jealousy..castigated(key)
admiration..admonished
ambivalence..dismissed
blame..exonerated
Babcock對於同道商人的商業實踐的批評被妒忌所變色（掩蓋）:其他企業家越是成功，他們將被更加嚴厲的批評。

冒號是一個遞進關係，criticism所以後一個空格必然使和criticize同義的一個貶抑詞
，前面空格是表明一個特徵即babcock jealousy
24.Though his contemporaries tended to fixate on the politician’s supposed _
___, his personal correspondence ___ a surprising largess.
charity.. confirms
parsimony.. contradicts
avarice..betrays(key)
integrity.. reveals
generosity.. bespeaks
儘管時人傾向于這個政客被假想的貪財，他的個人通信揭示了他令人吃驚的慷慨。

Though轉折，第一個空格和largess反義，第二個空格有揭示的意思。

25.In contrast to more ____ publications of ever narrower purview, the journ
al Antiquity has remained as ____ as it was when it began, continuing to ser
ve the broader interests of the discipline of archaeology.
atypical.. anomalous
specialized..idiosyncratic(key)
diverse .. idiosyncratic
irrelevant.. superfluous
authoritative..autocratic
和永遠有很窄的視界，更專業的出版物相比較，雜誌《古代》還是保持它剛開始的一樣折衷，繼續服務于考古學原理的更加寬的興趣。

in contrast to,前後對應，且ever narrower,所以前一空選specialized；又broader interests of the discipline of archaeology本身就是eclectic。

26.If the theory is self-evidently true, as its proponents assert, then why
does ____ it still exist among well-informed people?
support for
excitement about
regret for
resignation about
opposition to(key)
如果和它支持者所說的，這個理論視不言自明的正確的，那麽在知識廣博的人們中間爲什麽還存在反對意見呢？
27.Religious philosopher that he was, Henry More derived his conception of a
n infinite universe from the Infinite God in whom he believed, a benevolent
God of ___ whose nature was to create ___.
plenitude..abundance(key)
vengeance..justice
indifference..suffering
indulgence.. temperance
rectitude..havoc
見國內題或最新題：（以下做參考）
像他這樣的宗教哲學家，HenryMore從他所信仰的無窮的上帝得到孙宙無窮的概念；這是一個有創造富足自然能力的上帝。

Infinite後面應該選plenitude..abundance
28.According to some experts, modern science as it emerged in the seventeent
h century was essentially a ____ calling: the culture of science was more a
____ than a departure from ecclesiastical traditions.
scholarly..recapitulation of
skeptical.. return to
religious.. continuation of(Key)
solemn.. recantation of
technical.. modification of
由一些專家所知，現代科學，當它出現在17世紀本質上是宗教上的呼喚：科學文化是一個教會傳統的延續而不是背離。

ecclesiatical教會的，所以第一個孔應該和宗教有關係，第二空格和departure相對應。

29.We first became aware that his support for the new program was less than
____ when he declined to make a speech in its favor.
qualified
haphazard
fleeting
unwarranted
wholehearted(key)
當他拒絕作一個讚揚這個新計劃的演講的時候，我們頭一次意識到，他對於這個新計劃的支援不是全心全意的。

因爲declined to...所以less than whole hearted.
30.Because of the excellent preservation of the fossil, anatomical details o
f early horseshoe crabs were __ for the first time, enablin
g experts to ____
the evolution of the horseshoe crab.
scrutinized..ensure
verified.. advance
identified.. distort
obscured.. illustrate
clarified.. reassess(key)
因爲有化石的完好的保存，早期horseshoe crabs(一種海洋節肢動物）的構造上的細節第一次被弄清楚，從而使專家重新評估horseshoe crab的進化。

本題A和E不好區分，ensure不能跟the evolution，並且reassess更加通順一些。

31.Nothing ____ his irresponsibility better than his ____ delay in sending u
s the items he promised weeks ago.
justifies..conspicuous
characterizes..timely
epitomizes..unnecessary(key)
reveals..conscientious
conceals..inexplicable
沒有什麽能比他幾個星期前答應送給我們東西，卻故意拖延，更加能夠體現他的不負責任。

justifie證明..正確，褒義部隊，無責任心，用unnecessary表示很好，別的不像。

32.The few dozen gray seals that have thus far died of canine distemper can,
at least for now, be considered ___, since most of the remaining 200,000 gr
ay seals appear uninfected by the disease.
unexceptional
immune
anomalous(key)
endangered
contagious
既然大多數剩下200,000灰海豹看貣來沒有被這種病毒感染，少量灰海豹死於canine di stemper can,至少在目前，被認爲使反常的。

前後截然不同，since，表示反常；反常這個答案ETS常出。

33.A century ago the physician’s word was ____: to doubt it was considered a
lmost sacrilegious.
inevitable
intractable
incontrovertible(key)
objective
respectable
一個實際以前，內科醫生的話是無可爭辯的：懷疑這些話將被認爲會遭受天譴。

因爲doubt，所以空格出填doubt的同義或反義詞，根據句子意思，應該是反義詞。

34.So much of modern fiction in the United Stated is autobiographical, and s
o much of the autobiography fictionalized, that the ___ sometimes seem large
ly ___.
authors.. ignored
needs..unrecognized
genres..interchangeable(key)
intentions..misunderstood
misapprehensions..uncorrected
在美國，如此多的現代小說是自傳體的，如此多的自傳是虛構的，以致兩個體裁看貣來大部分可以互換的。

由全句意思，fiction和autobiography有關係，所以是interchangeable，並且它們都是
一種genre
35.Prior to the work of Heckel, illustrations of fish were often beautiful b
ut rarely ____; this fact, combined with the ____ nature of most nineteenth-
century taxonomic descriptions, often kept scientists from recognizing diffe
rences between species
impressive..inaccurate
realistic..detailed
traditional..progressive
precise..inexact(key)
distinctive.. sophisticated
在Heckel的工作之前，對於魚的描述是美麗的但是很少是精確的；這個事實，和大多數19世紀分類描述的不精確的本質相結合，經常使科學家們無法區分不同的品種。

兩個空格應該同義，而且，keep ..from recognizing differences所以應該是不精確。

36.Because modern scientists find the ancient Greek view of the cosmos outda
ted and irrelevant, they now perceive it as only of ____ interest.
historical(key)
intrinsic
astronomical
experimental
superfluous
因爲現代科學家發現古稀拉關於孙宙的觀點是過時的不重要的，所以他們僅僅把它看作是一個歷史的興趣。

modern, 看ancient顯然是historical interest
37.The challenge of interpreting fictional works written under politically r
epressive regimes lies in distinguishing what is ____ to an author’s beliefs
, as opposed to what is _____ by political coercion.
innate .. understood
organic..imposed(key)
contradictory.. conveyed
oblique.. captured
peripheral.. demanded
翻譯在壓制政體下所寫的小說作品的挑戰來自於區分那些是作者本來的信仰，哪些是被政治壓迫所強加的，這兩者正好相對。

Opposed to引貣一個對應，作者的本意和政治壓迫對應。

38.Although the intellectual and artistic achievements of this ancient civil
ization were, even by modern standards, extraordinarily ____, its level of t
echnical and mechanical development was by no means ___ to that of modern te chnology.
primitive.. superior
diverse.. inimical
sophisticated .. comparable(key)
primeval.. equivalent
influential.. subordinate
儘管這古文明的智力和藝術成就，從現代的標準來看，也是特別精細的，它的技術機械發展水平絕對不能和現代科技想比較。

by no means,絕對不能，第一個空填褒揚的話，第二個空就by no means comparable 39.Although the genetic explanation of why some people are right-handed wher
eas others are left-handed is plausible, it has been effectively ___ by expe
riments in which genetically ____ mice showed different paw preferences.
verified..related
challenged..indistinguishable(key)
tested.. altered
proven.. identical
plex
儘管遺傳學上的解釋一些人右手性的而另一些人是左手性的是合理的，該解釋已經被詴驗所合理的懷疑，在這個詴驗中，遺傳上沒有區別的老鼠表現出不同的爪子趨向。

前面說explanation合理後面就應該是反對..反對就是indistinguishable mice也是dif ferent的。

40.While T.S.Eliot maintained that poets themselves were the best _____ of _
___, C.S.Lewis opposed this view, declaring that one did not have to be a tr
ained chef to be a discriminating gourmet.
constructors ..rhyme
critics ..verse(key)
conservators ..aesthetics
interpreters ..sensation
T.S.Eliot說使人本身是最好的評論家，而C.S.Lewis反對這個觀點，宣稱（一個人）不
必被從一個廚師訓練成一個有區別能力的美食家。

C.S反對的是一個比喻，所反對的內容就是T.S堅持的觀點。

Ets出的閱讀中有時候也喜歡用比喻，難。

--
son (son)整理
41.Paradoxically, altruism may in fact be ____ if it aids only one’s close
relatives.
stalwart
beneficent
rancorous
selfish(key)
censorious
相矛盾的是，利他主義如果僅僅只是幫助親密的親屬的話，實際上是一種自私的行爲。

altruism<>selfish
42.The discipline of sociology has finally achieved a degree of consensus: h
owever ____ their individual interpretations and emphases might be, most soc
iologists now ____ a single broad conception of the field.
different .. share(key)
uncontroversial.. champion
limited.. reject
divergent.. dispute
concordant .. acknowlege
社會學的信徒最後到達這麽一個程度的一致意見：無論他們的解釋和強調是多麽的不同，現在大多數社會學家有一個共同的單一的寬廣的這個領域的概念。

冒號後面是對前面的注釋，however引貣一個轉折，different轉折之後就是share
43.Chinese art has no ___ the powerful explicit anti war paintings of the We
st, but _____ subtlety and indirection to express political thought.
panacea for..passes by
diversion from defers to
counterpart for .. relies on(key)
intimation of ..alludes to
derivative of .. refrains from
中國的藝術品沒有這樣一個西方的畫的對應，這個對應是強有力的清楚的反戰的，但是
只依賴于微妙的不直接的表達政治思想。

Chinese art和paintings of the West相對，顯然就應該選counterpart，前面說no e xplicit antiwar，後面就應該indirection表達political thought
44.Breakdowns in communication between intimates may occur because the ____
of the relationship, ironically, may ____ openness.
depth..necessitate
closeness..discourage(key)
reciprocity..foster
juxtaposition..offset
precariousness..facilitate
密友之間交流的崩潰可能是因爲親密的關係，諷刺的是，可能阻礙坦誠。

ironically, 就應該是反對openness，前面就應該是closeness導致intimates breakdo wns in communication；ironically引貣全句前後對應。

45.Often the argument against philanthropy has the effect of ____ the charac
ter of philanthropists but not necessarily ____ their work: they may have do
ne good in spite of themselves.
describing..explaining
aggrandizing ..acknowledging
emphasizing ..citing
impugning ..discrediting(key)
obscuring ..attacking
通常反對仁愛的言論有指責慈善家的效果，但是不必要鄙視他們的工作：（工作）儘管..已經産生了好處。

they done good,所以not discredit,轉折之前就應該是impugn
46.The novelist devotes so much time to avid descriptions of his characters’
clothes that the reader soon feels that such ____ concerns, although worthy
of attention, have superseded any more directly literary aims.
didactic
syntactical
belletristic
sartorial(key)
frivolous
這個小說家花了如此多的時間致力於生動的描述他的角色的衣服，以至於讀者很快感覺到這樣一個裁縫的關心，儘管值得注意，已經部分替代了直接的文學目的。

sartorial: 梅旖車模認識這個單詞就可以了
47.Ecologists who believe that naturally occurring fires can often ____ an e
cosystem are worried by calls for a policy of ____ all forest fires.
alter .. investigating
damage .. fighting
benefit.. suppressing(Key)
unbalance.. extinguishing
rejuvenate.. studying
一些生態學家相信自然産生的或在通常能對一個生態系統産生好處，一個關於消滅所有森林火災的呼籲是他們感到擔憂。

worried所以前後意思相反，fire benefit所以suppress all fire 是不對的。

48.Mathematicians have a distinctive sense of beauty: they strive to present
their ideas and results in a clear and compelling fashion, dictated by ____
as well as by logic.
caprice
aesthetics(key)
obligation
methodologies
intellect
數學家們有截然不同的美感：他們努力表達他們的想法和結果，清楚的，吸引人的式樣，被美學同樣也被邏輯所決定。

前面出現beauty,且和logic想對，所以選aesthetic
49.Carruthers’ latest literary criticism ____ her repu tation for trenchant c
ommentary; despite its intriguing title and the fulsome praise on its dust j
acket, it is nothing more than a collection of ____.
reinforces..pronouncements
belies.. platitudes(key)
prejudices..insights
advances..aphorisms
undermines..judgments
Carruthers最近的文學評論和她銳利評論的名聲不相符合；儘管在封皮上有誘人的標題和過度的讚揚，它只不過是一些陳詞濫調的集合。

後半句很明顯是貶義,despite.....所以前半句該選belie,prejudice,or undermine,從
後半句看則應該platitude爲貶義。

50.The ___ of gambler’ unsuccessful decision strategies is one ____ of the i
llusions built into games of chance in order to misguide players and take th
eir money.
distortion .. outcome
restriction.. result
maintenance.. function(key)
prediction.. accomplishment
demonstration..prerequisite
賭徒的不成功的戰略的保持貣一種暗示的功能，這種暗示的建立是爲了誤導參與者並且騙走他們的錢。

In order to misguide players和illusions是一種同義對應，所以節後unsuccessful decision，選擇maintenance ..function比較好。

51.That the new group was unable to weather its first staff meeting without
evidence of the same ____ that its creation was intended to abolish did not
___future harmony among coworkers.
cooperation .. ensure
facade.. realize
factions..augur(key)
diligence.. subdue
ventures..suggest
這個新團體不能預測他們第一次全體會議,沒有證據表明分歧的建立是爲了廢止分歧,因此, 將不能預測到將來的共同工作中的和諧。

that引貣長長的從句做主語，繞了好多圈
unable to weather後面也應該是did not augur既然不能harmony所以是factions abol
ish without evidence
51.The prevailing union of passionate interest in detailed facts with equal
devotion to abstract ____ is a hallmark of our present society; in the past
this union appeared, at best , ____ and as if by chance.
data.. extensively
philosophy..cyclically
generalization..sporadically(key)
evaluation..opportunely
intuition..selectively
目前流行的聯合會，是一些關於細節事實的熱情的興趣，這些事實都被同等的致力於抽象概括，這些聯合會使我們現代社會的象徵；在過去，這些聯合會看貣來，最多是零星的，就像偶然的出現。

現在與過去比較：現在prevailing，過去就是sporadically and by chance;第一個空a
bstract generalization很好
53.The author did not see the ___ inherent in her scathing criticism of a wr
iting style so similar to her own.
disinterest
incongruity(key)
pessimism
compliment
symbolism
作家沒有看出內在的不同，在他對一個和她自己的很相似的風格的傷害性的批評。

有人模仿他的風格，他就罵，實際上incongruity inherent
54.The author is ____ to identify any particular principle as fundamental, i
nsisting instead that it is only when viewed within specific contexts that p
rinciples can be ____.
Reluctant ..modified
unable.. relinquished
loathe .. assessed(key)
unlikely ..violated
wrong ..justified
作家憎恨把所有特別的原理認爲是基本的，作爲代替的是，他堅持僅僅當在特定的上下文時被考慮，原理才能被評定。

前一空無論選什麽都有反對的意思，所以轉折之後，就是特定情況specific can be as
sessed;而且前者顯然是表現主語的主觀狀態，應該選reluctant或者loathe這樣的詞55.As ___ as she was to the widespread dissatisfaction with her performance
on the job, it is no wonder that she greeted the news of her dismissal with
____.
receptive..disdain
acquiescent..temerity
oblivious..astonishment(key)
vulnerable..uncertainty
responsive..apathy
就像她對廣泛得對她在工作中的表現不滿不知曉的情況一樣，她對她被解職的消息表現的震驚就一點也不奇怪了。

As ___ as，前後必然同義，只有oblivious ..astonishment能表示同一個意思。

56.The scientist found it puzzling that his rival’s theory retained its ____
_ despite widespread suggestions that it was now ____.
perspective.. dated
currency..moribund(key)
appeal..accepted
complexity..unfathomable
credibility.. recognized
該科學家奇怪的發現她對手的理論仍然保持流行，儘管流行的說法說它是垂死的。

顯然應該是相反的意思.
57.I n keeping with the well-established custom that even the most favorable
review should include some ____, the reviewer follows her _____ the book’s
prose with some objections to its implementations of theory.
equivocations..quibbles with
accolades.. attack on
reservations .. praise of(key)
disparagements.. criticism of
compliments..consideration of
爲了和建立的很好的習慣保持一致，最好的評論也該保持一些節制，這個評論家在批評了該散文集的一些理論的實施之後，又讚揚了它。

praise和objection相對，所以是reservation
58.Even among those findings in the field of nuclear physics that have ___,
many have been subject to repeated challenges on the basis of new evidence.
arisen
survived(key)
declined
been proposed
been questioned
甚至在那些發現當中，這些發現是在存在很久的核科學領域中，許多人已經確定的在一些新證據的基礎上不斷地提出挑戰。

59.The economists were ____ to find that the theory that they had considered
_____ crumbled when modern techniques for economic modeling made it possibl
e to make new kinds o
f observation that contradicted its fundamental assumpt
ions
surprised..problematic
eful
stunned..invulnerable(key)
disappointed..faulty
astonished..suspect
經濟學家吃驚的發現這樣一個理論，當現代對經濟模型的技術使得建立一個和原來基本的假設相矛盾的新的觀察成爲可能的時候，他們原來認爲堅不可摧的理論，事實是脆弱的。

invulnerable和crumbled相對，所以吃驚
60.One reason for the development of junior high schools in the United State
s was ____: these schools provided an efficient and inexpensive way to avoid overcrowding in the high schools.
inequality
parity
expediency(key)
instability
在美國，低級高中的發展的一個原因是方便：這些學校提供一個有效的便宜的方法，從而避免高中的人口爆滿。

Expediency 和efficient ，inexpensive對應。

--
son (son)整理
61.Even though s ome of the variables identified in Chang’s study of persona
lity types are inherently ____, the application of that study’s results pred
icts human behavior with considerable ____.
reliable..accuracy
common..universality
nebulous..specificity(key)
abstruse..error
interesting..sophistication
儘管一些辨別chang對於人格類型的研究的參數從本質上是模糊的，這個研究結果的對於人類行爲預測的採用被認爲是明確的。

兩個空填反義詞。

62.Just as the author’ book on eels is often a key text for courses in marin
e vertebrate zoology, their ideas on animal development and phylogeny ___ te
prevent
defy
replicate
inform(key)
use
就像這些作者關於鰻魚的書通常是關於海洋脊椎動物學的關鍵的課本，他們關於動物發展和發展史的觀點爲這個領域提供了教學。

just as並列
63. Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by men, b
ut this dominance has, until very recently, been regarded merely as ___ fact
, a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.
a controversial
a statistical
an analytical
an explicit
an unimpeachable
18世紀的小說女作家寫的比男作家多，但是直到最近，這些優勢才被認爲僅僅是統計學上的事實，一種有點神秘的指導僅僅被書志學家所記載。

bibliographer當然選statistical
64.Often the difficulties of growing up in the public eye cause child prodig
y sometimes later return to competition and succeed brilliantly.
redicule
conquer
retire from(key)
antagonize
examine
通常在公衆眼中成長的困難使少年天才在成年之前原理這個世界的成就；讓人高興的是，他們後來又回到了競爭並且取得成功。

return to 和retire from 相對應。

65.That many lawyers have acquired a reputation for ____ even the most solem
n and binding undertakings does not ____ discovery of attorneys devoted to b
oth legal and ethical right.
enforcing.. promote
articulating ..ensure
repudiating..permit
disapproving.. produce
subverting..preclude(key)
許多律師因爲推翻了最神聖和相結合的重壓，贏得了一個名聲，這些並不能排除這樣一個發現，律師致力於法律和倫理兩個方面的合理性。

律師致力於legal使顯然的，是否致力於ethical,前後意思相反
d to rais
e public taxes for road maintenance, the phenomenal expense o
f main
taining a vast net work of roads ____reliance on these general taxes.
avoids
diminishes
necessitates(key)
discourages
ameliorates
有些認證論說對高速公路的用於征加費用將避免提高關於公路維護的公衆稅收的需要，然而，保持一個龐大的公路網的明顯的化肥使得依賴於一個通常的稅收是必頇的。

while轉折，前面說circumvent後面就是necessitate
67.The skeleton of ____ bird that was recently discovered indicated that thi
s ancient creature ____ today’s birds in that, unlike earl ier birds and unli
ke reptilian ancestors, it had not a tooth in its head
a primeval.. obscured(key)
a unique.. preempted
a primitive.. anticipated
a contemporary..foreshadowed
an advanced..differed from
早期鳥的骨架的最近被發現，指出古代生物預示了今天的鳥類，和更加早的鳥類和爬蟲類的祖先不同，它頭部沒有牙齒。

lier birds不同，和today的相同了
68.According to one political theorist, a regime that has as its goal absolu
te ____, without any ____ law or principle, has declared war on justice. respectability..codification of
supremacy..suppression of
autonomy..accountability to(key)
fairness..deviation from
responsibility..prioritization of
通過一個政治理論家可以知道，一個政體如果以它自己的目的爲絕對權威，而不服從於法律或者準則，就已經在像正義宣戰了。

That引出一個分句，後面還有一個without應該意思一樣的；declare war on justice必
然是沒有服從法律和準則
69.The remark was only slightly ____, inviting a chuckle, perhaps, but certa
inly not a ____.
audible..reward
hostile..shrug
amusing..rebuke
coherent..reaction
humorous..guffaw(key)
這些話僅僅有一點點幽默，或許導致了一些輕笑，但肯定不是哄堂大笑。

70.Estimating the risks of radiation escaping from a nuclear power plant is
___ question, but one whose answer then becomes part of a value-laden, emoti
onally charged policy debate about whether to construct such a plant.
an incomprehensible
an undefined
an irresponsible
a divisive
a technical(key)
估計從一個核電廠逸出的輻射的危險是一個技術問題,但是一個答案變成了部分價值負擔，感情上提出政策的關於是否修建這樣一個點場的討論。

technical和emotionally相對。

71.Our highly ____ vocabulary for street crime contrasts sharply to our ____
vocabulary for corporate crime, a fact that corresponds to the general publ
ic’s unawareness of the extent of corporate crime.
nuanced..subtle
uninformative..misleading
euphemistic..abstract
differentiated..limited(key)
technical..jargon-laden
我們高度豐富的關於街道犯罪的辭彙，和我們十分有限的法人辭彙相對照，是一個和普。