英语人教版八年级下册Unit 2 Grammar Focus

alone adv. 独自；单独
e.g. I don’t like to go out alone at night. 我不喜欢晚上独自一人外出。
辨析：lonely 与 alone
lonely 情感上的孤独，寂寞。 alone 独自一人（但不定感觉寂寞）。 e.g. Linda was alone in the house. 琳达独自一人待在房 子里。
make a lot of money.
克莱尔错过了一个赚大钱的机会。
5. 动词help及一些役使动词后面常省 略to。 e.g. My mother wouldn’t let me go to the movie.
妈妈不会让我去看电影的。
6. It做形式主语，真正的主语为后面 的不定式。 e.g. It is important for us to protect the environment.
4. What can you expect _______ to learn (learn) from the news? 5. My parents want me _____ to be (be) a doctor. 6. I’d like ________ to watch (watch) cartoons at home.
countries in Africa, and help people there.
1. to make 不定式做后置定语。现在大部 分人只关心获得份好工作以挣大钱。
2. to do复合不定式做宾语。在业余时 间，他们考虑做什么事情来休闲或娱 乐。 思路点拨： 3. to help做目的状语。然而，没有人考 虑他们可以做些什么事情来帮助他人。
4. to spend做定语。志愿花时间帮助 这些人是打发业余时间的一种好方
式。
5. to visit做宾语补足语。我们可以制 定计划去医院探望生病的儿童或……
6. to move做目的状语。一些人甚至停
止工作几个月到一年而移居到其他地
方。
help move
do
make
visit
spend
Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs 1. _______ to make lots of money. In their free time, they think about what 2. to ____ do for fun. However, few people think about what they can do 3. ______ others. to help
Complete the sentences. give ___ up several hours Mario and Mary ____ help others. Mario wants each week to __ ____
__ ___ to be an animal doctor. He _________ volunteers
There are many people who are less lucky
than us. Volunteering our time to help these
people is a good way 4. ______ our free time.
For example, we can make plans 5.________
5. 马里奥相信这会帮助他获得他的梦想工作。 Mario believes it can help him ___ ___ his to 6. 我正在制作一些告示，并将它们张贴于学 get 校里。 I’m making some signs __ ___ __ around the school. to put up future dream job.
4. We decided to ______ put up signs around the school and ________ hand out notices to tell students about the book sale. We will _______ give out the money from the sale to homeless people. 点拨：由关键词signs (告示)，notices (通知)，及money (钱)可知第一 空意为“张贴”，第二空意为 “发放”，第三空意为“捐 赠”。
Fill in the blanks with the correct 4b forms of the verbs in the box.
help move do make visit
spend
Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs 1.____ lots of money. In their free time, they think about what 2. ____ for fun. However, few people think about what they can do 3. _____ others.
1. Who will _______________ (自愿读) these Ⅱ. Complete the sentences. words for us? volunteer to read 2. The girl often _____ her mother ____ the dishes (帮妈妈洗餐具) on weekends. helps do
at an animal hospital. He wants __ to _____ learn
more about ____ how __ to care for animals.
Mary is a book lover. She could read by herself __ at ___ the ____ age of four. Last year, she decided __ ___ for a volunteer afterto ___ try out school _______ reading program. Mary still works there once a week __ ____ kids to help _____ learn __ to read. Volunteering here is a dream come true for her. She can do what she _____ loves ___ to ___ do and helps others at the same time.
e.g. Mr. Li asked the students to copy
the text.
李老师让学生们抄写课文。
3. 作目的状语。
e.g. Jack turned his head around to look at people. 杰克转过头看向人群。
4. 作后置定语。
e.g. Claire missed a great chance to
1. I want to _______ put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer. I’m too busy with my studies this year. 点拨：由句意“本学期我学业太忙”， 可知上文应意为“我想将去动 物医院工作的计划推迟到明年 夏天”，故空格处意为“推 迟”。
点拨：由关键词idea及sick children，可知 第一空格处意为“想出”，第二空格处意为 3. Our class is trying to come ____________ up with “使… …振奋”。 some ideas to ________ cheer up sick children because they are often sad.
e.g. She lives alone and often feels lonely. 她孑然一身， 常感到寂寞。
Fill in the blanks with
the phrasal verbs in the
box.
4a
put up, hand out, call up, cheer up, come up with, give out, put off
Fill in the blanks according to the text. 1. 我想去帮助无家可归的人。 I’d ____ like __ to ____ help homeless people. 2. 你可以请求医院允许你探访儿童, 逗他们 开心。 You could ___ ask hospitals ___ to ___ let you visit the kids and cheer them up.
3. 她自愿一周去一次那里帮助孩子们 学习读书。 She _________ to volunteers there once a week ___ ____ help kids learn to read. 4. 她决定参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿 者选拔。 She _______ decided ___ to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
保护环境对我们来说很重要。
1. He made me ____ (tell) him all the things. Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks. 2. Please remembertell _______ (water) the plants while I’m away. 3. Let’s ______ (watch) to a talk show. water watch
call up at least five 2. She hopes to ______ primary schools to ask if they need

volunteers for their after-school
programs.
点拨：由下文目的状语“to ask…”意
“来问是否他们需要志愿者帮 助做课外活动。”，可知空格 处意为“打电话给”。
sick children in the hospital or raise money
for homeless people. Some people even stop
doing their jobs for a few months to a year 6.
________ to another place, like one of the
3. We ______ asked her ________ to come (邀请 来) to our party. 4. The old man had ____________ nothing to do (无事可做) every day.
raise v. 募集；征集
e.g. They sold something to raise money. 他们卖掉一些东西来募集钱。
观察下列不定式在句中的作用。 1. To see is to believe. 主语，表语 2. Tom wants to see an alien. 宾语 3. My brother got up early to watch the final soccer game on TV. 目的状语
4. He was too excited to say a word. 结果状语 5. The sad movie made us cry. 宾语补主语 6. It is important for us to drink enough water. 真正的主语
动词不定式用法小结 1. 做动词宾语。常见动词有would like, want, help, learn, hope, decide, volunteer。
e.g. We don’t want to spend too much money. 我们不想花费太多钱。
2. 作宾语补足语。常见动词有ask, want, tell, invite, like, hate。