上海市建平中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题

上海市建平中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期末教学质量检测
英语试题
一、听力选择题
1．
A．For 20 minutes.B．For 25 minutes.C．For 45 minutes.D．For 65 minutes. 2．
A．In a bank.B．In a supermarket.C．At a tourist agency.D．At a laundry.
3．
A．An office secretary.B．A head nurse.
C．A real estate agent.D．A hotel receptionist.
4．
A．It’s sunny and warm.B．It’s rainy and cold.
C．It’s sunny but cold.D．It’s rainy but warm.
5．
A．They are twins.B．They are classmates.
C．They are friends.D．They are colleagues.
6．
A．Reasonable.B．Bright.C．Serious.D．Ridiculous.
7．
A．Send leaflets.B．Go sightseeing.C．Do some gardening.D．Visit a lawyer.
8．
A．The library is closed on weekends.B．He had no idea where the book was.
C．He didn’t get the book he needed.D．He didn’t have time to go to the library. 9．
A．The apartment was provided with some old furniture.
B．The furnished apartment was not expensive.
C．The furniture in the market was on sale every Sunday.
D．The furniture he bought was rather cheap.
10．
A．Internet surfing.B．Stock exchanging
C．Mountain climbing.D．Job hunting.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

11．A．Zero degrees Celsius.B．Minus fifteen degrees Celsius.
C．Minus twenty degrees Celsius.D．Minus fifty degrees Celsius.
12．A．For up to one year.B．For twenty-four hours.
C．For a few hours.D．For a few weeks.
13．A．After foods have been unfrozen, they can be frozen again.
B．Whether the freezing process is fast has nothing to do with the taste of the food.
C．To start the freezing process, it is important to lower the temperature to zero degrees Celsius. D．Generally, if frozen food is left unfrozen for more than twenty-four hours without being eaten, it must be thrown away.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

14．A．He was an anti-racist activist.
B．He had been in prison for many years.
C．He was the leader of the African National Congress.
D．He won presidency in a fully representative democratic election.
15．A．The winning of the Nobel Peace Prize.
B．The transition to multi-racial democracy in South Africa.
C．The competition for the honorary title of Madiba.
D．The negotiation between the African countries.
16．A．To be in memory of the death of Mandela.
B．To celebrate Mandela’s being elected as President.
C．To mark Mandela’s contribution to world freedom.
D．To honor the multi-racial democracy in South Africa.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

17．A．Medicine.B．Education.
C．World history.D．Foreign commerce.
18．A．Because she wants her daughter to be a doctor or a teacher.
B．Because few people choose foreign commerce as their major nowadays.
C．Because she has seen the bankruptcy of many big companies.
D．Because the world is under economic crisis and commerce is no longer hot.
19．A．A life in which she can enjoy people’s respect.
B．A life without stress and worry.
C．A life in which she can foresee her future.
D．A life full of different chances.
20．A．The world economy is hopefully on the way of recovery.
B．The world economy is getting worse sooner or later.
C．How the world economy will be is unpredictable.
D．The world economy is actually not bad at all.
二、单项选择
21．The name of the humble bread varies greatly ________ different areas of Britain, with some names ________ in German.
A．across…originating B．throughout…originated
C．across…originated D．with…originate
22．________ the authentic flavor, the team of the series hired four experts to check on detail
on-site, from rituals to costumes to dialogue.
A．Ensuring B．To ensure C．Ensured D．Having ensured 23．The competition challenged young people ________ a new word of their own ________ they thought was missing from the English language.
A．coming up with…/B．to come up with…which
C．coming up with…that D．to come up with…/
24．________ employment and income are tied to eliminating unhappiness, the element that makes work satisfactory and meaningful is the service to others.
A．While B．If C．Until D．Unless
25．A study of the carbon footprint of large AI models shows that training a single AI model could result in carbon emission five times ________ the average American car in its lifetime.
A．what B．/C．that of D．as much 26．Domestic horses require regular maintenance to prevent overgrowth of keratin(角蛋白), which, if ________, can cripple them.
A．leaves it unattended B．leaving unattended
C．left unattended D．is left unattended
27．The field of robotics ________ far less keen to investigate plants due to a misconception
________ plants are capable of neither motion nor perception.
A．has proved…that B．has been proved…which
C．has been proved…that D．has proved…which
28．Equipped with better systems than the Liaoning and Shandong, not only ________ to launch heavier aircraft, but it can also increase their takeoff speed.
A．does the Fujian aircraft carrier allow
B．the Fujian aircraft carrier allows
C．is the Fujian aircraft carrier allowed
D．the Fujian aircraft carrier is allowed
29．The 28th Shanghai TV Festival, to be held from June 19 to 23, will be ________ to include a variety of events, including exhibitions, a TV market and forums, through which overseas buyers may tap into original Chinese productions, giving them global exposure.
A．employed B．recognized C．programmed D．displayed
30．The Chinese saying “treating only the head for headache and only the feet for a foot sore,” is a criticism of any ________ that fails to identify the root cause of a problem and is thus fundamentally unable to solve it.
A．approach B．consequence C．recreation D．postponement 31．By the end of his writing career, Isaac Newton was ________ with producing more than 500 books on a wide range of subjects, reaching out not only to galaxies but also the distant past.
A．flooded B．credited C．impressed D．engaged 32．Some studies suggest that children in mildly unhappy, low-conflict, first-marriage families are better off if the parents ________ till the kids are grown.
A．try it on B．hang it up C．take it off D．tough it out
三、语法填空
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Fascinating Culture of the Miao People
The Miao ethnicity of China has a long history, rich culture, and an ancient folk religion.
33 (decorate) with beautiful traditional clothes, they live in uniquely designed architecture. Throughout history, the Miao people were constantly migrating, always on the move. In more modern times, part of the Miao people gradually settled down in southeast Asian countries. Today, the Miao people in China 34 (concentrate) in eight provinces, autonomous regions, and cities in southwest and south-central China, 35 Guizhou Province has the largest population.
The Miao people have lived the lush vegetation of the mountains and river for generations. The Miaoling Mountains located in Guizhou Province are the watershed (分水岭) between the Pearl River and the Yangtze River. Kaili City, the capital of Qiandongnan, is known as the Pearl of Miaoling Mountains. Just 10 kilometers from the city center, the 36 (wind) crystal-clear Bala River runs through the valley by the city. On the cliffs of the peaks on either side of the river 37 (sit) a cluster of Miao villages, scattered like pearls.
The people who live in the ancient villages are sincere, kind, hospitable, and honest. 38 a tourist ever get lost, there were no need to worry. All that needs to do is just call out in a loud voice outside any courtyard, “Is anyone home? I’m lost.” A wooden window would open instantly and an elderly person would stick the head out, describing 39 the tourist should head in simple, basic Putonghua.
The fantastically colored rice terraces (梯田) can be seen at the edge of the village path. The ripe rice is bent over 40 they were expressing gratefulness to the earth for giving it life. After the harvest is done, rice is neatly tied-up and arranged, waiting 41 (handle) better. Self-sufficiency in living off the land is a way of life that Miao families have handed down to their descendants for generations, and today the Miao people still maintain their traditional way
of life and work 42 the gazing crowds of tourists who pass through their villages.
四、选词填空
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there are three words more than you need.
We are increasingly learning that our guts (肠胃) and our brains are intimately linked. But while there has been extensive research into how our diets can accelerate brain aging, less is known about the foods that can prevent cognitive 43 .
“The 44 field of Nutritional Cognitive Neuroscience uncovers specific foods and nutrients that promote brain health across the lifespan,” Aron Barbey, director of the Center for Brain, Biology and Behavior at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, told Newsweek. “Central to this effort is the discovery of nutrient profiles that can be used in nutritional interventions 45 at enhancing brain health.”
In a new study, published in the journal Nature Aging, Barbey, Jisheng Wu, and Christopher Zwilling used state-of-the-art technology to establish a set of specific nutrient profiles associated with better cognitive performance in adults over the age of 65, offering a 46 path towards designing nutritional interventions to promote healthy brain aging.
The study involved 100 cognitively healthy participants aged 65 to 75. The analysis 47 two types of brain aging among the participants: accelerated and slower than expected. And those with slower brain aging had a distinct nutritional profile. The researchers said that this nutritional profile is closely linked with nutrients found in the Mediterranean diet, which has 48 been associated with healthy brain aging.
The Mediterranean diet is 49 by a diet rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and olive oil, with a moderate intake of cheese and fish and a limited intake of red and processed meat. This study provides a more 50 analysis of these associations.
“First, it’s one of the largest and most comprehensive studies to use blood-based biomarkers
to investigate the 51 between diet and brain health,” he said. “Second, it goes beyond traditional cognitive tests by employing multimodal neuroimaging measures, and provides a more complete picture of brain health.”
However, Barbey noted that further research was needed to confirm these results. Observational studies like this one need to be followed by controlled trials conducted 52 to confirm the effectiveness of the identified nutrient profile in promoting brain health.
五、完形填空
Deepfake Are Deeply Troubling
A recent video on the internet has Coco Lee, who died last year, talking to her fans and saying, “From the moment I left this world, I can always feel your endless love and support.” The video looked 53 , but it was a “deepfake” created by AI.
AI has 54 to the point where it has become difficult to distinguish what is real from what isn’t. These types of deepfakes are now all over the internet where we see people, usually celebrities and politicians, saying things which they didn’t really say. One “deepfake” has Taylor Swift 55 a brand of cookware. Some “creative” person used AI to manipulate (操控) her image and 56 to make it appear that she were speaking for the product.
But there is a more 57 trend in deepfakes that has become more prevalent (普遍的). As with the Coco Lee deepfake, there are people using AI to “resurrect (复活)” their lost loved ones and 58 them. In one recent high-profile case you’re probably aware of, the famous musician Bao Xiaobo used AI to “resurrect” his daughter, who died at the age of twenty-two. With the technology, he is able to talk to her and ask her questions. Though he knew it was fake, he didn’t 59 because he missed her very much.
The 60 consequences of not “letting go” of a loved one can be serious. It may cause a person to live in a fantasy world instead of accepting the healthy and necessary process of grieving and 61 with his or her life.
62 , there is a legal aspect to AI deepfakes which has yet to be thoroughly considered. Can a dead person’s image be manipulated to say things which they didn’t say and wouldn’t have said if they were 63 ? Can a person’s image be copyrighted to prevent
this from happening? These are some of the questions that 64 will have to consider, and courts will have to decide.
In 1931, the British author Aldous Huxley wrote a novel called Brave New World, which was about a future 65 by technology. In many ways we are living in this “Brave New World” and are 66 our “humanity” with all its faults, virtues and limitations. I’m sorry that Coco Lee is gone, and I’m sorry that Tino Bao’s daughter is gone, but grieving is a part of life, and grief, as they say, is the 67 for love.
53．A．interesting B．affectionate C．joyful D．authentic 54．A．sweated B．certified C．progressed D．reacted 55．A．crafting B．promoting C．sampling D．releasing 56．A．identity B．weight C．mind D．voice 57．A．disturbing B．outstanding C．struggling D．entertaining 58．A．look after B．bring up C．interact with D．benefit from 59．A．regret B．admit C．participate D．care 60．A．ethical B．psychological C．imaginary D．financial 61．A．putting up B．coming down C．moving on D．ending up 62．A．Relatively B．Consequently C．Likely D．Additionally 63．A．conscious B．alive C．present D．mindful 64．A．scientists B．creators C．applicants D．lawmakers 65．A．threatened B．innovated C．inhabited D．dominated 66．A．bombarding B．modifying C．losing D．replacing 67．A．signal B．price C．mission D．foundation
Taking A Vacation Could Help You Live Longer
Thinking about skipping vacation days? Don’t. One of the longest follow-up studies in the world finds vacations can actually prolong your life.
And if you think your spin classes (动感单车课程) and clean eating will make up for 68 your dream cruise trip and save you from your jam-packed, hard driving life, think again. An improved, healthier lifestyle doesn’t 69 working too hard and not taking your holidays, University of Helsinki professor Timo Strandberg said Tuesday at the annual European
Society of Cardiology (ESC) Congress. “ 70 can be a good way to relieve stress.”
The new findings are a part of the Helsinki Businessmen Study, research that for decades has 71 1,222 male executives born between 1919 and 1934. Each had at least one risk factor for heart disease, for example, smoking, 72 , or had high blood pressure. The research, which began in the 1960s, 73 into a longitudinal (纵向的) study and was extended through 2014, focusing in part on how mid-life risk factors can impact the 74 in old age.
For the study, the men were split into two groups. In one control group, men lived their lives as they 75 did and did not meet with the study’s investigators. Men in the other group, a(n) 76 group, were given advice on how to improve their health. These men were asked to exercise, improve their diets, reach a healthy weight or stop smoking.
At the study’s 15-year check-in, Strandberg found that if their vacations 77 , the men who improved their lifestyles had a 37 percent higher chance of death rate. What is to 78 ? Working too hard, not sleeping enough and not taking enough vacation.
While 79 , this new research won’t likely impact most Americans’ vacation habits. Most American workers don’t get that many paid days to begin with. Even if they do have the time, many workers feel they can’t 80 it. Americans have put off vacation because they feel they have too much work to do and too many family 81 .
Given that experts find that vacation can help you be more productive when you return to work, maybe it’s time to put forward the request for a few days 82 . 68．A．extending B．postponing C．planning D．locating 69．A．apply for B．sort out C．compensate for D．soak up 70．A．Vacations B．Work-outs C．Outlets D．Adventures 71．A．qualified B．counted C．motivated D．followed 72．A．mood B．gender C．obesity D．diet 73．A．halved B．fell C．evolved D．looked 74．A．perception B．status C．ambition D．well-being 75．A．eventually B．usually C．individually D．attentively 76．A．intervention B．selection C．witness D．supervision 77．A．added up B．faded away C．stood out D．fell short
78．A．emerge B．blame C．escape D．rescue 79．A．dramatic B．ideal C．awkward D．delicate 80．A．exclude B．afford C．involve D．stretch 81．A．operations B．versions C．obligations D．generations 82．A．over B．in C．down D．off
六、阅读理解
A Pilgrimage to Mont Blanc
It was on a grey winter’s day in my parents’ house outside Glasgow that I first suggested Mont Blanc in summer. I knew I should make more effort to spend time with my 74-year-old dad, but what I was proposing at his age was a risk. A ten-day hike around one of Europe’s highest mountains seemed a little extreme.
“Old age doesn’t come alone,” he replied, implying the memory loss from a recent life-threatening stroke. Yet, to stir memory in long-forgotten footprints seemed like the right thing to do. We booked a flight, and four months later, arrived in the shadow of Mont Blanc in Chamonix, France.
That first sunlit afternoon, it was instantly obvious that we had made the right decision. The pathway ahead was quiet. Quick-footed hikers walked past us, eyes focused on a ridge (山脊) that marched south to the Italian border. But there was no sign of worry on my hiking partner’s brow. Only determination.
My dad’s accounts of his time in the mountains remain among the defining stories of my childhood. The first time it left its mark on me was when I uncovered a junk box full of projector slides taken in the summer of 1970, when he and two of his friends completed a previously untried route up the overwhelmingly dangerous North Face of the Eiger in Switzerland.
That was now more than half his lifetime ago. And, yet, here we were, marching side by side around the Mont Blanc, tracing an invisible route with our fingers over the same harsh summits he had conquered long ago. What I had always seen as an obsession with the mountains revealed itself to be a bond that I never knew we had.
By the end of the week, I sensed we may have achieved what we both had thought
impossible. We made our final push towards the Col du Brévent above the Chamonix valley. We climbed up into a narrow world of stone, meeting Mont Blanc face on.
To capture the moment, I took a photo, but only then did it dawn on me that it was nearly the same composition as on a slide I had first seen in one of those junk boxes. There was that smile, those eyes fixed on the horizon, the beautiful Alpine ridges of Mont Blanc crowding out the background. For a split second, it looked as if nothing had changed.
83．According to the article, what mainly motivated the author to take his father on a hike around Mont Blanc?
A．His father’s old age and poor health.
B．His father’s memory loss from a stroke.
C．His dream of traveling with his father again.
D．His wish to visit one of Europe’s highest mountains.
84．What can we learn about the hike around Mont Blanc from the article?
A．They passed through three countries in ten days.
B．The author’s father was initially confident of doing it.
C．It changed the author’s attitude towards his father’s hobby.
D．It brought back the pleasant memories of the author’s father.
85．According to the article, which of the following best describes the author’s father?
A．A hopeless patient.B．An adventurous climber.
C．A responsible father.D．An appreciative photographer.
86．What did the author realize after taking the family picture?
A．It was never too late to accompany his father.
B．He and his father changed with time passing by.
C．Everything changes with time except the mountains.
D．The father’s passion for the mountains didn’t fade with age.
Is Light Dairy Better?
There are always two choices on the shelf when we reach for the milk, cheese or yoghurt: normal or light. Less fat is better, right? But what about the goodness that can be found in dairy — Is it all there in the reduced-fat version? Five experts from various fields were asked if light dairy
products were better for our health. Here are their detailed responses.Caryl Nowson, Nutritionist Switching from full-fat dairy products to low-fat reduces energy intake, thereby preventing weight gain as well as reducing saturated fat (饱和脂肪) intake. Consumption of saturated fat raises cholesterol (胆固醇) levels in the blood, which increases the risk of heart disease. So reducing saturated fat intake can assist in reducing the risk of heart disease and stroke.Malcolm Riley, Epidemiologist
Light dairy products are great for people who want to lower their fat intake. They contain most of the nutritional benefits that can be found in full-fat dairy foods, despite containing 25 percent to 100 percent less fat than their regular dairy food equivalents. However, it is important to note that light dairy foods may be higher in some other nutrients, such as sugar. It always pays to read the nutrition tag and the ingredients list carefully.Nicholas Fuller, Obesity Researcher
Both full-fat and low-fat dairy foods have the same benefits for our heart health. The most important thing is that a person includes dairy products in their diet, or suitable dairy-free alternatives that are calcium-enriched (富含钙质的), such as soy. Until we know for sure the effect of full-fat versus low-fat dairy on our weight and waistlines, people should stick with
low-fat products as part of their daily eating plan.Evangeline Mantzioris, Food Scientist
A recent study which followed people for 22 years found no negative link between heart health and dairy consumption — whether it is full-fat or low-fat dairy. So currently the evidence suggests that light dairy makes no difference in terms of our risk of heart disease and early death. For those who seek to manage their weight, the difference in energy intake may have a significant impact on their success.Robyn Delbridge, Dietitian
Light dairy foods are not necessarily better than full-fat dairy foods. Overall, evidence supports the conclusion that dairy foods, regardless of fat content, involve a low risk of the potential harmful effects of high blood pressure. Fermented(发酵的)dairy such as yoghurt and cheese may be beneficial for heart health. The choice of full-fat versus that of low-fat foods should be made based on your whole diet pattern.
87．According to the article, ________ out of the five experts believed that light dairy products were better for our health.
A．one B．two C．three D．four 88．According to the article, ________ and ________ hold contrary opinions about the
relationship between dairy products and heart health.
A．Caryl Nowson ... Nicholas Fuller
B．Nicholas Fuller ... Robyn Delbridge
C．Caryl Nowson ... Evangeline Mantzioris
D．Malcolm Riley ... Evangeline Mantzioris
89．What can we infer from the article?
A．Nicholas Fuller recommended that we eat more soy than dairy.
B．Evangeline Mantzioris suggested that dieters stay away from full-fat foods.
C．Robyn Delbridge believed that people cannot benefit from full-fat products.
D．Malcolm Riley believed that all kinds of low-fat dairy products could help people stay fit.
“The world’s environment is surprisingly healthy. Discuss.” If that were an examination topic, most students would tear it apart, offering a long list of complaints: from local smog to global climate change, from …. The list would largely be accurate, the concern reasonable. Yet the students who should be given the highest marks would actually be those who agreed with the statement. The surprise is how good things are, not how bad.
After all, the world’s population has more than tripled during this century, and world output has risen hugely, so you would expect the earth itself to have been affected. Indeed, if people lived, consumed and produced things in the same way as they did in 1900 (or1950, or indeed 1980), the world by now would be a pretty disgusting place: smelly, dirty, toxic and dangerous.
But they don’t. The reasons why they don’t and why the environment has not been ruined, have to do with prices, technological innovation, social change and government regulation in response to popular pressure. That is why today’s environmental problems in the poor countries ought, in principle, to be solvable.
Raw materials have not run out, and show no sign of doing so. Logically, one day they must: the planet is a finite place. Yet it is also very big, and man is very intelligent. What has happened is that every time a material seems to be running short, the price has risen and, in response, people have looked for new sources of supply, tried to find ways to use less of the material, or looked for a new substitute. For this reason, prices for energy and for minerals have virtually fallen during the century. The same is true for food. Prices fluctuate (波动), in response to harvests, natural
disasters and political instability; and when they rise, it takes some time before new sources of supply become available. But they always do, assisted by new farming and crop technology. The long-term trend has been downwards.
It is where prices and markets do not operate properly that this sound trend begins to stumble (受挫), and the genuine problems arise. Markets cannot always keep the environment healthy. If no one owns the resource concerned, no one has an interest in conserving it or fostering it.
90．According to the author, why would most students tear the test paper apart?
A．Because they find it challenging to answer the examination topic.
B．Because they maintain that the environment of the world is better than expected.
C．Because they feel the topic is against their knowledge of today’s environmental problems.
D．Because they have no idea about the current situation of global environment.
91．It can be inferred from the passage that the huge increase in world output and population
________.
A．has made the world a dangerous place to live in.
B．has significantly affected the environment.
C．has made the environment of poor nations unsolvable.
D．has played a minor role in affecting the environment.
92．According to the passage, which of the following statement is TRUE?
A．There are few alternatives to raw materials in the world.
B．The long-term trend of prices for materials and food is downwards.
C．The price of energy fluctuates in response to change of food price.
D．Social stability can promote technological innovation.
93．According to the author, what is the primary solution to environmental problems?
A．To allow market forces to operate properly.
B．To limit consumption of natural resources.
C．To control the growth of the world population.
D．To encourage technological innovation.
To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example
oversimplifies. No child imitates every action he sees. Sometimes, the example the parent wants him to follow is ignored while he takes over contrary patterns from some other example. Therefore, we must turn to a more subtle theory than “Monkey see, monkey do”.
Look at it from the child’s point of view. Here he is in a new situation, lacking a ready response. He is seeking a response which will gain certain ends. If he lacks a ready response for the situation, and cannot reason out what to do, he observes a model who seems able to get the right result. The child looks for an authority or expert who can show what to do.
There is a second element at work in this situation. The child may be able to achieve his immediate goal only to find that his method brings criticism from people who observe him. When shouting across the house achieves his immediate end of delivering a message, he is told emphatically that such a screaming is unpleasant, that he should walk into the next room and say his say quietly. Thus, the desire to solve any objective situation is overlaid with the desire to solve it properly. One of the early things the child learns is that he gets more affection and approval when his parents like his response. Then other adults award some actions and criticize others. If one is to maintain the support of others and his own self-respect, he must adopt responses his social group approves.
In finding trial responses, the learner does not choose models at random. He imitates the person who seems a good person to be like, rather than a person whose social status he wished to avoid. If the pupil wants to be good violinist, he will observe and try to copy the techniques of capable players.
Admiration of one quality often leads us to admire a person as a whole, and he becomes an identifying figure. We use some people as models over a wide range of situations, imitating much that they do. We learn that they are dependable and rewarding models because imitating them leads to success.
94．According to the passage, to teach a child to learn something, parents should _________.
A．follow the theory of imitation B．set a good example for the child to copy
C．simplify each action shown to the child D．view from the child’s perspective 95．Which of the following situation will lead a child to seek for a model?
A．The child is blamed by parents for his/her wrongdoing.
B．The child is in trouble and cannot figure out an approach.。