常用的替代词

no real = far from reality 不是事实的情况
matter of fact 事实
try = give it a go (去)尝试（口语）
stop to do = cease to do / stop doing = cease doing 停止做某事
always = never fail to 总是
take place = happen 发生or = hold 举行
assume the role of = play the role of 成为某角色或担任某职位
some = a number of 一些
to date = so far = up to now = thus far = as yet 至今为止
expect = look forward to 期待
like = fond of 喜欢
like = as if 如同...一样
distinguish = tell apart 区分
certain to = bound to 必然会
regarding = in regard to 关于
many years = for years 多年
arrogant = stuck up 傲慢的
isolate = cut off 隔绝
clear up = tidy up清理
be about = concern 关于
at the end = at long last 最后
kill time = pass time 消磨时间
done = pull off 做成某事
well = mustn't grumble 过得还可以
inherit = pass on gene to next generation = hand down 遗传
masterpiece = tour de force 杰作
support = back up = bear out 支撑，支持
set up = rig up 搭建
the minute = the instant一…就
monitor = keep a check on 监视
restrain = keep down 抑制
agree with = approve of 赞同
long time = long hours 长时间
find out = determine 查明
daily grind = hard work = drudgery 苦差事treadmill 单调的工作relate to与…有联系≈bound up with 有(密切)联系
long time = chronically 长期地
root out = wipe out = eradi cate 根除≈demol i sh 彻底摧毁
according to = in terms of 根据
lose weight = slimming = on diet 减肥
must 一定，必须≈be bound to 一定，注定是
be disgusting ≈turn (my) stomach 使人恶心
weigh in with = come up with = put forward提出，想出（建议）beat back = fight off 反击
night owl = night person 夜猫子
The point is = It's getting to the point now where 言归正传
shut down = go out of business = closure 倒闭
understand = get straight 了解，搞清楚
I get that = I see = take your point 我明白了
Are you understand? = See what I mean?
immediately = at once = straight away 马上
very = ever so 非常
do a job = get into a job/work 从事
intend to = up for 打算
intuition = gut 直觉
know of = learn of 得知
pay attention to = take heed of / pay heed to 注意
accelerate = speed up 加速
at first = in the first place 首先
except = other than除了
cancel = call off取消
lack of = shortage of = devoid of缺乏
有趣用语
finish up in failure 以失败结束
been brought up in ... 在某种环境下被养育（暗示养成的生活习惯以及态度）
adding insult to injury 雪上加霜
arouse suspicion 引起猜忌
in a tie 比赛打成平局
in progress (比赛)进行中
change 找回的零钱
I wonder whether you'd help us 你可以帮下我们忙吗？
I'm in a bit of a hurry actually 我有点忙（不想帮忙）
I'm having trouble hearing you 我没听清楚
spare + time 抽出时间
dying for 渴望
stay up = burn the midnight oil 熬夜
smile at 对某人微笑
a column of smoke 一股烟
get stuck in traffic jam 困在堵车中
carry on 继续
dip into 沉浸在…中
make a fuss = drama queen 大吵大闹，小题大做get on well with people 与人友好相处
scared stiff 吓呆了（stiff 为副词，极度地）get into the habit of... 养成...习惯
I gather 我猜想（用于引出间接得到的信息）crush on sb 暗恋某人
reach sb 联系上某人（电话联系）
sb is buzzing around 匆忙地跑来跑去
doubled up in pain 疼痛的弯腰
...emerge in endlessly 层出不穷
make up your mind 下定决心
stand a good chance of 有很大机会
take steps 采取行动
get off on 对某事感到兴奋
get rid off 摆脱
put up with 忍受，容忍
in a row 连续地
before long 不久以后
put the wind up 使某人惊慌
at a cost of 以...为代价
get off with 与异性交朋友
go out with 与某人恋爱
chat up 搭讪
rub elbows with 与…交往
in good nick 情况好
take sb for a ride 欺骗某人
go places 获得成功
one up on 略胜一筹
at stake 在危险中
ten a penny 不值钱
over the moon 欣喜若狂
pay a visit 拜访
to make matters worse 更糟糕的是half the time 总是，经常
look down on 瞧不起
such and such 某某
vast majority 绝大多数
take order 服从指挥
clean up ones act 洗心革面
sleep on it 考虑一阵子
a blessing in disguise 塞翁失马rip off 偷窃，欺诈
not stand for 不能容忍
dwell on 细想
hot air 吹牛
someone hold up a place 某人持枪抢劫某地
show off 炫耀
hush-hush 极为机密的heaven-sent 天赐良机的all-round 全能的spot check 抽查
break the ice 打破沉默
on edge 紧张
by the time 等到...的时候
throw on 匆匆穿上
give a hand 帮忙
cheer sb up 使某人振作
around the corner 即将到来
start from scratch 重头开始
stiff upper lip 咬紧牙关
slug it out 一决雌雄
chase the rainbows 好高骛远
last resort 最后手段
daylight robbery 价钱贵到离谱
run through 排练
wade in 插手
let it slide 顺其自然
live and let live 待人宽容
window dressing 表面功夫
sit in 旁听，参加（讲座）queue up 排队等候
to be precise 精确地讲（插入语）chip in凑钱
come across 偶然发现
wide berth 安全距离
easy-peasy 小菜一碟
blow up 爆炸
under sb’s thumb 在某人的掌控下matter of urgency 紧急事项eleventh hour 最后一刻
butt in 插嘴
turn around 好转
square with 协调，商量
slip away 悄悄溜走
let on泄露（秘密）
let the cat out of the bag 泄露秘密talk round 说服
pull throw渡过难关
fiddle with 做手脚
hold out…隐瞒（信息）
go Dutch on…在…上各自付账summon up courage 鼓起勇气
sought-after 受青睐的
odd bird 怪胎
be strapped for cash 手头紧
hang in balance 命悬一线
put up or shut up要么摆事实，要么闭嘴pore over 专研
culminate in/with 以…(事件)为告终
fall over 摔倒
give a lift 搭便车
to someone's credit 某人值得赞扬的是rat race 激烈竞争的生活
a matter of …的问题
hardly ever 几乎从不
last long 持续很长时间
go a long way toward doing 对…有帮助take for granted 认为理所当然
with all due respect 恕我直言
single-mindedness 一心一意
slip of the tongue 口误
give a new lease of life 重获新生
stand sb up 放某人鸽子
dawn on 开始明白
turn of events 形势的转变
refrain from doing 克制做某事
be toast 完蛋了
beat a retreat 撤退，放弃
lost track of time 忘记时间了
carry a punishment(fine)处以罚金
fall outside of …超出…范围的
pull yourself together 振奋起来
take it out on 拿…出气
place on 强加于
time lag 滞后期
do me a favor (请求)帮个忙
(you) can't help yourself 不禁，无法控制自己tall order 过高的要求
(sth is) hardly / no rocket science (某事)并不难remain to be seen 拭目以待
out of the blue 出乎意料地
under licence 获得许可
ages ago 很久以前
come out of his shell 不再沉默寡言
out of breath 上气不接下气
make do 权宜之计
day off 休息日
fed up with 受够了(口语)
duck soup 易如反掌
sure enough 果然
hand in hand 联合地
stand up to 反抗某人
pretty much 几乎，非常接近
see to it 请务必要做
the odds are stacked against 形势对…不利as it turns out 事实证明
taper off 逐渐变小
weigh in with 提出(论点，事实)
stamp out 杜绝
peas and carrots 形影不离
mess up 陷入困境
long shot 高风险的赌注
at the expense of sb 作弄某人
fall into place 变得有条不紊
黄牛党tout
公务员Civil Service ≈job-holder 政府雇员，固定职业者
儒家Confucian
人均per capita
代替词
scope of = range of 范围
part = section = sector = segment 部分≈fracti on 小部分
faithful = loyal 忠实的
polite = courteous 有礼貌的
expensive 昂贵的= steep 价格高昂的
≈exorbitant = extortionate 要价过高的
generous ≈liberal 慷慨的
gentle = mild-mannered 温文尔雅的
complain = gripe 抱怨
fast = prompt = rapid = swift快速的
pursue = chase 追逐
try = attempt = endeavour 试图
dejected = disheartened 沮丧的
score = mark 分数
worry 担心≈mind 介意
torture = torment折磨≈anguish = traumatize 使痛苦
agony 极大痛苦= ordeal 折磨，煎熬
explain = explicate 说明
decline 婉拒≈refuse 拒绝
groan = moan 抱怨
luxury = extravagant 奢侈的
realize = discern 认识到
angry = cross = furious = outraged 生气的
trick = deceive 欺骗≈cheat 作弊fraud 骗子hoax 骗局
optimistic = rosy 乐观的
negative 消极的≈adverse不利的
skill 技能≈knack 诀窍
live = dwell 住在
reasonable = rational 合理的
funny = amusing ＜hilarious 好笑的≈witty 诙谐的weird = bizarre = uncanny = strange = odd 怪异的
morality = ethic 道德
quiet = silent = tranquil 宁静的
barren = sterile 贫瘠的
excessive = undue 过度的
cover = encompass 覆盖include = encompass 包含sympathy = compassion 同情
different = disparate不同的
imitate = mimic 模仿≈simulate模拟
genius = talent = prodigy天才
mystery = riddle = enigma 谜
careful = wary 谨慎的
sadness = grief 悲伤
gratify = satisfy 使满意
key = decisive 关键性的
conventional = customary 惯例的
tune = melody曲调
deadly = fatal = lethal 致命的
tasty = delicious = yummy = deli cate = palatabl e = savoury美味的addictive =compulsive 上瘾的
painful = sore = hurt = aching 疼痛的
pain = wound = injury 伤≈trauma (精神)创伤
lie > fib 撒谎
greedy = grasping 贪婪的
narrow = cramped狭窄的
foreign 外国的≈exotic 异国情调的
practical = pragmatic务实的
fly 飞≈soar 高飞
permanent = eternal = perpetual = timeless 永恒的
personality = characteristic = disposition 性格
cute = adorable 可爱的
tangle = mess 混乱
accurate = precise 精确的
hard = arduous艰难的
hermit = recluse = solitary 隐士
read 读≈peruse 精读
monument = memorial 纪念碑
interesting = intriguing有趣的be intrigued by
poor = needy = destitute =impoverished贫穷的poverty = privation rich = wealthy = affluent = prosperous富裕的
confused = puzzled 困惑的
peak = summit = apex = pinnacle 顶端
immediate = instant(即食的) = instantaneous 立即的
cruel = brute = brutal 残忍地≈ferocious 凶残的brute force 蛮力complex = sophisticated = complicated = intricate 复杂的≈elaborate fragment = debris = shred 碎片
enemy = foe 敌人
theory = principle 原理
clue = cue = hint = thread 线索
hint = suggest = imply 暗示，建议
ancient = archaic = antique = bygone 古老的
nutrition = nourishment 营养
standard = criterion = norm = touchstone = yardstick 标准，规范dense = thick 浓密的
strict = serious = severe = rigorous 严格的= rigid (过于)严格的
the young = youngster = youth = young people 年轻人
the old = the elderly =senior = old people老人graying 变灰白(老的) adult = grown-up成人
solution = remedy解决方案
knowledge 知识< erudition 学识
new 新的= modern = stylish≈newfangled新奇的
senile高龄的≈old 老的≈obsolete = obsolescent 过时的fashionable = vogue = prevailing 流行的bandwagon 潮流magical = wonder = miraculous神奇的
tune = melody 旋律
understanding = comprehension 理解
small 小的≈compact小巧的
generous = lavish 慷慨的
applause < ovation 鼓掌
advanced 先进的≈high-tech 高科技的≈cutting-edge 尖端的
start = beginning = inception 开端
soft = supple(灵活的) 柔软的
main = major = chief主要的
custom = ritual 习俗
helpful = beneficial = advantageous = conducive有益的harmful = detrimental有害的
nearby = neighbour = adjacent = vi ci nal 邻近的vici nity 附近local = native =indigenous = 本土的≈folk 民间的obstacle = obstruction = barrier = hindrance = impediment障碍remain = heritage = relic = vestige遗迹
potential = underlying = latent潜在的
cold = freezing = chilly = frigid寒冷的
hot = sweltering = scorching 热的
scent = fragrance = perfume 香味
reward = award = prize = trophy 奖品
behavior = deed = action 行为
prejudice = bias偏见
aspect = facet 方面
goods = merchandise商品
real = genuine = authentic真正的
training = drill训练
abundant = sufficient = adequate = ample 充足的
familiar = intimate 亲密的
effect = potency 效果，效力
damp = moist = humid 潮湿的
embrace = hug = cuddle 拥抱
point = gist 要点
bed 坏的≈hostile恶劣的(天气) ≈dilapidated坏损的(设备)
≈grim令人沮丧的(消息)
frustration = setback 挫折
promise = commitment 承诺≈guarantee 保证
process = procedure过程
clear = explicit = express 明确的，清楚的
prison = imprisonment = incarceration = custody 监禁
gloss = façade = disguise 表象，假象
danger = peril危险dangerous = perilous
expert 专家< master 大师< luminary 泰斗
rare 稀有的≈scarce(资源) = lacking = insufficient = deficient缺乏的
= scant
brave = bold = courageous < vali ant 勇敢的≈heroi c 英勇的
prospect = outlook 前景，展望
famous = noted = high-profile = illustrious = prominent著名的
temporary = provisional = interim 临时的
balance = equilibrium 平衡patchy不均衡的
stature = renown = reputation 名望
dramatic = sensational 戏剧性的
kind = amiable亲切的
noisy = boisterous 嘈杂的
expiration = ending 结束
free = unfettered自由的
feature = characteristic = trait = attribute = hallmark 特征protest < outcry 抗议
weakness = vulnerability = Achilles' heel 弱点complete = total = utter完全的
big = giant(物体) = huge = enormous = titanic = mammoth = prodigious(才能) 巨大的
intelligence = wit = tact 机智
urgent = pressing 紧急的
fairly = rather = comparatively相当地
sensitive = responsive 敏感的
although = despite = even if = albeit尽管
attraction = appeal吸引力
delicate = exquisite精妙的
shocking = stunning = dazzling惊人的
停止：stop，cease，halt，standstill(名词)
认为：think，consider，deem
思考：think，ponder，reflect
估计：estimate，reckon
分类：classify，categorize
概括：generalize，encapsulate
冲击：impact，impinge
预期：expect，anticipate，predict，prophesy，foresee
收缩：shrink，contract
激动：excite，thrill
逃跑：escape，flee，scuttle
处理：deal with，tackle，handle，settle，figure out，treat with，manage，cope with，reckon with(面对)，attend to
克服：surmount，get over
解决：solve，unravel
杀死：kill，slay 屠杀：slaughter，massacre
闲逛：wander，roam，ramble，stroll
旋转：rotate，revolve，spin，whirl
碰撞：impact，collide
颤抖：tremble，shake，shiver，quiver
打破：break，shatter，smash
努力：strive，endeavour
引用：cite，quote
夸大：exaggerate，magnify，inflate
推迟：delay，suspend，postpone，put something off
震惊：shock，stun
利用：use，utilize，harness，draw on，employ(使用)
像：like，resemble
经受：undergo，endure
破坏：damage，destroy，devastate，undermine，ruin，raze，wreck，vandalize
达到(标准)：reach，meet
猜测：guess，speculate，presume
出现：happen，occur
渴望：desire，crave，long for，yearn for
展现：show，present，project，demonstrate(才能，品质，感情)，emerge(事实，结果)，reveal(揭露)
理解：realize，perceive，comprehend，understand，follow，grasp
缓和：relax，moderate，alleviate，subside
恶化：aggravate，deteriorate，exacerbate
相信，认为：believe，deem
震幅：fluctuate，hover
遵守：observe，obey，comply with，adhere to，abide by
激发：inspire，kindle，stimulate，motivate，arouse n. incentive
妥协，和解：reconcile，compromise
承受：endure，undertake(承担)，suffer(承受坏的事物)
隐藏：hide，conceal，cover
传播：disseminate，diffuse，transmit，spread
代表：denote，represent
阻碍：hinder，obstruct，bar，impede
折磨，困扰：trouble，harry，afflict，plague，prey on
尊重：regard，respect，esteem 崇敬：revere，worship
奉献：devote，dedicate
繁荣：flourish，thrive
侮辱：insult，humiliate
胜过：surpass，outperform，excel，outshine
超过：overtake，exceed
证明：demonstrate，establish，turn out
弯曲：bend，flex，curve
繁荣：flourish，prosper
代替：replace，supplant
承认：admit，acknowledge，recognize
威胁：threaten，menace
吃惊：astonish，astound，shock
欢迎：greet，welcome
修改：alter，modify，revamp
适应：adept，adjust
混乱：confuse，obfuscate(故意混淆)，baffle
争论：argue，debate，dispute
检查：examine，review，inspect，censer(审查)消耗：spend，consume，deplete
害怕：fear，dread 使害怕：scare，appal
聚集：collect，gather，assemble，converge
回忆：remember，recall，recollect
释放：release，unleash
控制：control，manipulate
强迫：compel，obligate
信任：trust，confidence in
繁殖：breed，propagate，multiply(大量繁殖)统治：rule，reign over，dominate，govern
污染：pollute，contaminate，poison
拯救：save，rescue，salvage
指控：accuse，charge
击败：defeat，vanquish
面临：face，confront
使厌恶：disgust，repel
侵略：invade，encroach
恨：hate，resent
获得：acquire，obtain，gain，procure
吸引：attract，engage
出现：arise，emerge，occur，appear
生产：product，produce，manufacture，churn out
下降：decrease，decline，fall，drop，tumble(价格)，plummet(价格)
After three consecutive years of decline 在三年的连续下降之后
has been on a continuous decline
increase by a factor of five 增加了5倍
no measure of time with you will be long enough, but let's start with forever
volve：involve，revolve，evolve，devolve
volution (volve的名词形态)：revolution，evolution，devo lution strate：frustrate，demonstrate，substrate，prostrate
tract：distract，abstract，attract，subtract ，extract ，retract，tractor，intractable
stance：distance，substance，instance
stant：constant，instant，distant
vent/vention：convention，prevention，invention，subvention
stitute：institute，constitute，prostitute，destitute，substitute，restitute pend：expend，depend，suspend，spend
nounce：announce，pronounce，denounce，renounce
sult：insult，result，consult
vert：invert，convert，revert，pervert，divert，subvert，avert，controvert sequent：subsequent，consequent
ceive：receive，perceive，deceive，conceive
ception (ceive的名词形态)：conception，perception，deception，reception，inception
cept：concept，precept，accept
spire：inspire，conspire，aspire，perspire，e x pire
press：impress，compress，depress，repress，express，oppress，pressure dict：predict，addict，edict，dictate，dictator，dictionary，jurisdiction
contradict，verdict
spect：respect，prospect，suspect，inspect，aspect，e x pect，perspective，spectacle，spectrum，spectacular，spectator
claim：reclaim，declaim，proclaim，disclaim，acclaim，exc laim
tribute：contribute，attribute，distribute
duce：induce，deduce，conduce，produce
scribe：describe，inscribe，proscribe，prescribe，ascribe，subscribe
scription (scribe的名词形态)：description，inscription，proscription，prescription，ascription，script (脚本)，manuscript(手稿)
subscription
plete：complete，deplete，replete
voke：invoke，provoke，evoke，revoke
fect：infect，defect，confect，effect，affect，perfect，prefect，refectory
strain：restrain，constrain
tail：entail，detail，retail
tact：contact，intact
tent：intent，content，retention，detention
struct：instruct，construct，destruction，restructure，obstruct
gress：progress，congress，regress，digress，aggress
minate：dominate，nominate，illuminate，abominate，discriminate mit：admit，commit，remit，submit，summit，permit，transmit，intermit，
emit，omit
sent：resent，consent，present，dissent，assent，essential
thermo- 热力学词根：thermometer
ultra- 极度，前缀：ultra-high，ultraviolet，ultrasonic mult- 多元，多，前缀：multiply，multitude
semi-，hemi- 半，前缀：semi-permanent，hemisphere mage-，大，百万，前缀：mage-city
poly-，多，前缀：polygamy，polyglot，polythene anti-，反，前缀：antibiotic
fore-，提前，前缀：forecast，foresee
celer- 快，速，词根：accelerate，decelerate
infra- 下，词根：infrastructure，infrared
chromo- 颜色，词根：chromosome
prone- 倾向，后缀：fire-prone
cide- 杀，后缀：suicide，pesticide，fungicide
take off 兴起，成功
take on呈现出(新的外貌或品质)
take up (residence) 定居
turn out 结果是，事实证明
turn over 翻转
come out 出现
fall out 闹翻了
get into 穿上
put off = hold back = deter 阻止，推迟knock over 撞倒
live off 以…为活
hold back 阻止。