高二英语译林版选修六讲义UNIT4SECTIONⅢ

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Caught in the act, he had no alternative (可供选择的事物) but to confess.
2．The interesting film was set in a remote (偏远的) village.
3．They were the first evidence of primitive (原始的) human life in China thousands of years ago.
4．She has to obtain (获得) her parents' permission before she does anything.
5．We are able to deal with these troublesome (麻烦的) questions.
6．The driver can adjust the heating (暖气设备) in winter and the air conditioner in summer to suit his own preference.
7．Chatting on the WeChat has bee a popular means (手段) of munication.
8．The workers are demanding to be paid a living wage (工资)．
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
9．possession n．个人财产；拥有，具有→possess v t.拥有
10．mountainous adj.多山的→mountain n．山，山脉
11．container n．容器；集装箱→contain v t.容纳；包含
[巧记单词]
派生词
possession →possess＋ion mountainous →mountain＋ous container →contain＋er
Ⅲ.补全短语
1．consist of 由……组成
2．aim to_do sth. 力争做某事
3．even if 即使
4．if only 但愿；要是……就好了5．ahead of 在……之前；领先6．break down 出故障；(身体)垮掉
7．by means of 通过……方式(手段)
8．be faced with 面临，面对
1．[教材原句]One of the major problems facing the children living in this remote mountainous area is poverty.
住在这些遥远山区的孩子们所面对的主要问题之一就是贫困。

[句型点拨]facing the children, living in this remote mountainous area是现在分词短语，在句中作后置定语，分别修饰the major problems和the children。

[佳句赏析]The professor giving a speech about pollution is from Harvard University.
在做关于污染演讲的那位教授来自哈佛高校。

2．[教材原句]There is little money ing to their families and often they cannot afford to purchase important things like medicine.
他们几乎没有什么家庭收入，时常买不起像药品这样的重要物品。

[句型点拨]句子是由and连接的并列句，并列连词and前后都是简洁句，前一个分句中ing是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰money。

[佳句赏析]There are many students standing in a queue to wele the old soldier.
有许多同学正列队欢送这位老兵。

1．(教材P57)If I had taken an alternative path and had studied medicine, I would have a lot of medical knowledge.
假设那时我选择其他的途径并学医，我现在就会把握许多医学学问。

★alternative adj.可供替代的n.可供选择的事物
an alternative to ...……的替代品
have no alternative but to do sth.
别无选择只好做某事
你有没有别的方法来解决这个问题？
②The treatment is offered as an_alternative_to surgery.
这种疗法可作为替代外科手术的一种方法。

③They had_no_alternative_but_to_close the road until February.
别无选择，他们只好把道路封闭至2月份。

[联想发散]想一下与have no alternative but to do sth.意思相同的短语还有哪些？
①have no choice but_to_do_sth.
②can't do sth.but_do_sth.
③can/could do nothing but_do_sth.
2．(教材P57)If only there were more people donating money to charities!
但愿有更多的人给慈善机构捐款！
★if only只要，但愿，要是……就好了
if only表示“要是……就好了〞，指一种不能实现或难以实现的愿望，用于虚拟语气，表示对过去、现在或将来的虚拟。

常用于以下几种状况：
If only she would_listen_to me carefully at the meeting tomorrow.
但愿在明天的会上她能认真听我讲话。

②If only I were slimmer, more beautiful, richer, more clever, then I would be happier.
假设我更苗条一些、更美丽一些、更富有一些、更聪慧一些，那我就会更加快乐了。

③It's too bad that I failed in the math exam. If only I had_worked_hard_at_it!
我数学考试不及格真是太糟糕了。

要是我之前努力学习它就好了！
[名师点津]only if意为“只有，只要〞，引导条件状语从句，only起强调作用，当only if位于句首时，主句要倒装。

④Only if another 2,000 dollars is available can he buy the house.
只有再拿到两千美元，他才买得起那栋房子。

3．(朗文P1334)The possession of a passport is essential for foreign travel.
出国旅行必需持有护照。

★possession n．个人财产；拥有，具有
①Does the possession of wealth bring happiness?
拥有财宝就会拥有幸福吗？
②This pany is in the possession of me.
＝I am__in_possession_of this pany.
这家公司为我全部。

③We won't take_possession_of the house till next month.
要到下个月我们才能拥有这座房子。

[联想发散] in possession of 与in the possession of 一词之差意义不同，类似用法的短语还有哪些？请完成以下短语。

①⎩
⎪⎨⎪⎧ in charge of 负责……in the charge of 由……负责 ②⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧
in control of 掌握in the control of 被……掌握 4．(教材P59)Health care is limited as there are no doctors or nurses in the villages — no one has the means to pay them.
在村庄里卫生保健特别有限，由于既没有医生也没有护士——没有人付得起看病的费用。

★means n ．手段，方法
assistance.
王先生试了各种他能想到的方法去关心那些需要经济救济的同学。

②We express our feelings by means of words.
我们用语言来表达感情。

③I have tried my best to work, but by no means is_my_boss_satisfied_with_me.
我已经努力工作了，但是老板对我一点也不满足。

[名师点津] means 单复数相同。

当means 由every/each 修饰作主语时，谓语动词用单数；当means 由these/those 修饰作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

④Every means has been used to deal with it.
为了处理此事，各种方法都用过了。

⑤All possible means to solve the problem have_been_tried.
全部可能解决此问题的方法都被试过了。

5．(教材P59)However, if the pump breaks down, repairing it can be troublesome, as an engineer has to e from the nearest town to repair it.
但是，假设水泵坏了，修理它会特别麻烦，由于工程师得从最近的城镇赶来。

★break down出故障；抛锚；分解；(身体)垮掉；失败
电梯出了故障，我们被困在里面了。

②Her health broke_down under the pressure of work.
工作的压力把她的身体弄垮了。

③You were so careless that our plan broke down.
你太马虎了，结果导致我们的方案失败了。

④He decided to break_away_from the organization after a second thought.
一再考虑之后他打算脱离这个组织。

6．There is little money ing to their families and often they cannot afford to purchase important things like medicine.
他们几乎没有什么家庭收入，时常买不起像药品这样的重要物品。

[用法分析]
句中含“there be＋名词＋非谓语动词(作定语)〞结构，该结构有以下几种形式：
(1)there be＋名词＋现在分词。

其中的现在分词表示主动关系，同时表示动作正在进行。

有时现在分词也可以表示一种状态。

①There are 500 people attending the conference.
有500人出席这次会议。

(2)there be＋名词＋过去分词。

其中的过去分词表示被动关系，同时表示动作已经发生。

②There were ten people killed (kill) in the accident.
事故中有10人丧生。

(3)there be＋名词＋不定式。

其中的不定式通常表示动作尚未发生。

③There are no trees or bushes to_give (give) shade.
没有树木或灌木丛可以遮阴。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．If only he had_lain (lie) quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldn't suffer so much now.
2．The stadium which was in honor of the club's first chairman was built ten years ago.
3．The next thing he saw was smoke rising (rise) from behind the house.
4．You can't legally take possession (possess) of the property until three weeks after the contract is signed.
5．Claire had her luggage checked (check) an hour before her plane left.
6．He finished the job at the expense of his health.
7．He showed great bravery in the face of danger.
8．My puter has broken down. It won't work.
9．The policemen forced the criminals to_give (give) up their arms.
10．Switerland is a mountainous (mountain) country, in which lie many international organizations.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．If_only_I_had_more_money (假设我有更多的钱就好了), I could buy some new clothes.
2．The lift broke_down (出了故障), so we had to walk up the stairs.
3．There are quite a few friends wishing_to_join_us (盼望参加我们)．
4．Differences were papered over but by_no_means (绝没有) were they fully resolved.
5．What_we_can't_get (我们得不到的东西) seems better than what we already have.
[对应同学课下力量提升(十四)]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The big fire destroyed nearly 250 aches of primitive (原始的) forests.
2．In those remote (偏远的) mountains people used to farm by the slash (砍) and burn
method.
3．Can you e up with a better alternative (可供选择的事物) for handling this problem?
4．I finally managed to obtain (获得) a copy of the report.
5．He was also charged with illegal possession (拥有) of firearms.
6．Many charities (慈善机构) sent money to help the victims of the flooded area.
7．Afganistan is a mountainous (多山的) country with plains in the north and southwest.
8．You must learn to rid yourself of such troublesome (麻烦的) thoughts.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．I think your plan is very good, but do you have an alternative of replacing it？of→to
2．The fact is that the big house is in possession of my uncle.in后加the
3．He let himself down slowly by the means of listening to a song.去掉the
4．I had to break in the room as I had lost the key.in→into
5．If only I did not left there so early yesterday.did→had
6．There are many fans wait to see the famous singer outside the airport.wait→waiting
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
This week on our national park journey, we visited a
mountainous landscape (风景) on America's east coast. Within the
park are rocky peaks (山峰), rolling green hills, and beautiful
waterfalls. It is also home to hundreds of black bears.
Driving on top of the mountain
Shenandoah National Park is perhaps best known for the road that goes through it: Skyline Drive. Skyline Drive runs nearly 170 kilometers north to south. It is the only road in the park. There are more than 70 overlooks (眺望台) along the way, where people can pull their car off the road. These overlooks provide visitors with beautiful views of the Shenandoah Valley.
Hiking Shenandoah
Shenandoah National Park has more than 800 kilometers of hiking trails (小路). They take visitors to rocky mountain peaks and famous waterfalls.
One of Shenandoah's famous hikes is called Old Rag. It is almost 15 kilometers long. To get to the top of Old Rag Mountain, hikers must climb up large rocks. It is a long and difficult hike but the views from the top surprise hikers from all across the country and the world.
Shenandoah's black bears
Visitors to Shenandoah National Park have a good chance of seeing a black bear. The park is home to between 400 and 600 black bears.
Denise Machado knows a lot about these black bears. In fact, her nickname is “the bear lady〞. “Well, I am known is Shenandoah as the bear lady. I see a lot of bears every season. I
never get tired of seeing them. They are all different and they are all special.〞
语篇解读：本文为应用文。

文章介绍了谢南多厄国家公园。

1．What's the best way to appreciate the Shenandoah Valley?
A．Climbing onto peaks.
B．Pulling the car off the road.
C．Walking along Skyline Drive.
D．Looking down from the overlooks.
解析：选D细节理解题。

依据第一个小标题下的“These overlooks provide visitors with beautiful views of the Shenandoah V alley〞可知，沿路有70多个眺望台，从这里看Shenandoah Valley的风景最好。

2．Why do hikers climb up large rocks?
A．To get a bird's eye view.
B．To search for hiking trails.
C．To enjoy famous waterfalls.
D．To meet hikers from other places.
解析：选A细节理解题。

依据其次个小标题下的“... but the views from the top surprise hikers from all across the country and the world〞可知，徒步旅行者不辞劳苦登上山顶是为了从山顶上俯瞰景色。

3．Why is Denise Machado called “the bear lady〞？
A．The black bears are friendly to her.
B．She is quite familiar with black bears.
C．She thinks every black bear is different.
D．She takes great effort to protect black bears.
解析：选B细节理解题。

依据第三个小标题下的“Denise Machado knows a lot about these black bears. In fact, her nickname is ‘the bear lady’〞可知，此人了解许多黑熊的事情。

B
This amazing program is getting young hospital patients in California to boogie down. Kids in hospitals across the state are getting free dance lessons, thanks to the nonprofit organization Dancing Power. Dancing Power got started in 2006 and has gotten special attention recently.
The lessons — in Hula, traditional Brazilian dance, hip hop and other forms of dance — are designed to make the children's days a little brighter. “They are laughing, learning something
new, having a good time, feeling happy together，〞Vania Deonizio, the group's founder and president said.
The instructors first check in with the hospital to see which patients they can work with and what restrictions (限制) they have, and then the instructors work with the youngsters in groups or one-on-one. If necessary, classes are held in patients' hospital rooms. “Sometimes we have kids that have a very weak immune system and have to be in isolated (隔离的) areas，〞Deonizio said.
Deonizio said it was important to involve the patients' loved ones as well as the kids themselves. “We believe when a child is sick, it truly affects the entire family，〞she said. “By having the whole family, and at times their doctors and nurses too participating (参与), we create a munity, a very supportive and fun one.〞
Dr. Mai Ngo has seen the program in action. She said that it is one of the most feel-good services offered to patients. “It improves their mood (心情) and builds their confidence in the control they have of their own bodies when they feel pletely out of control in medical situations，〞she explained.
And the patients aren't the only ones who benefit from the program. “Every time I teach I learn something new from my students，〞Deonizio said. “One of the most important lessons I take every time I teach is the reminder of being pletely present and appreciating the moment.〞语篇解读：本文为新闻报道。

慈善组织Dancing Power免费教医院里的孩子们跳舞。

4．What does Dancing Power mainly do?
A．It teaches young kids to dance.
B．It encourages patients to do exercise.
C．It spreads medical knowledge by dancing.
D．It provides dancing classes for kids in hospital.
解析：选D细节理解题。

依据第一段的“Kids in hospitals across the state are getting free dance lessons, thanks to the nonprofit organization Dancing Power〞可知，Dancing Power为医院里的孩子们供应舞蹈课程。

5．What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A．The instructors put patients' health first.
B．The instructors place restrictions on patients.
C．Patients in isolated areas cannot learn to dance.
D．Most classes are held in patients' hospital rooms.
解析：选A推理推断题。

依据第三段的“The instructors first check in with the hospital to
see which patients they can work with and what restrictions they have ...〞可知，老师们会把病人的健康放在首位。

6．Why are parents invited to join in by Dancing Power?
A．To draw parents' interest in dancing.
B．To help parents build their confidence.
C．To provide a good atmosphere for kids.
D．To show the benefits of dancing to parents.
解析：选C推理推断题。

依据第四段的“By having the whole family, and at times their doctors and nurses too participating, we create a munity, a very supportive and fun one〞可知，父母的参与能关心制造更好的康复环境。

7．What has Deonizio learned from her work?
A．Time is money.
B．Time is a good judge.
C．Time and tide wait for no man.
D．Every day is the best in the year.
解析：选D推理推断题。

依据最终一段的“...the reminder of being pletely present and appreciating the moment〞可知，Deonizio认为应当珍惜每一天。

Ⅳ.语法填空
Children in Afghanistan have little chance to read quality literature. A teacher named Saber Hosseini is trying his best to make a difference. He has changed his bicycle into a mobile library. Every weekend, Saber rides his bike, __1__ (load) with books, to remote villages.
“I came up with __2__ idea for this project six months ago. I __3__ (start) alone with 200 storybooks for kids. Now we have over 20 volunteers and a __4__ (collect) of about 6,000 books.〞
Hosseini said he used bicycles for two reasons. Many volunteers cannot afford cars and most of the villages are only __5__ (access) by bike.
“Many kids, though old enough for the third or fourth grade, haven't learned to read or write, __6__ I don't think should be happening.〞said Hosseini. “At first, I chose very simple books, __7__ now some older kids can read more serious books.〞
Hosseini does more than __8__ (simple) distribute books to children — he also talks to them about topics like violence and peace. “Once, I told children in a village __9__ (say) no to guns and yes to books，〞he said. “Soon the kids gathered up all of their toy guns and handed __10__ (they) over to me. It was the most joyful moment of my life！〞
语篇解读：在饱受战斗摧残的阿富汗，孩子们没有时机看到高质量的文学著作。

一位名叫Saber Hosseini的老师想尽方法要转变这种局面。

1．loaded be loaded with是习惯搭配，意思是“装载有……〞，这里用的是其过去分词短语作定语，相当于定语从句which is loaded with ...。

2．the特指上文提到的想法，故此处用the。

3．started Saber Hosseini开头做这件事发生在过去，需用一般过去时。

4．collection空格中所填单词前面有不定冠词a修饰，且表示“一批物品〞的意思，故用collect的名词形式collection。

5．accessible空格中所填单词在句中作表语，需用access的形容词形式。

6．which依据句子结构可知，该空是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词是前面的句子，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。

7．but前后句之间在语意上存在转折关系，用but连接。

8．simply空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词，需用simple的副词形式。

9．to say tell sb. to do sth.“告知某人做某事〞。

10．them空格中所填单词在句中作宾语，需用they的宾格形式。