虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句常见用法总结
虚拟语气用法归纳
虚拟语气用法归纳虚拟语气主要指的的是带有非真实条件状语从句的复合句，表达的是说话人的遗憾后悔的语气，愿望以及建议，命令，要求等等的情感，往往说的是与事实相反或者没办法实现改变的东西。
虚拟语气主要表现为在对过去现在或者将来的情况做出假设后，有可能出现的情况。
虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块，第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。
这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面：基本用法，各自为政，以及含蓄之美。
下表就是条件从句虚拟语气的基本用法：条件从句的谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式与过去事实相反的假设had done would/could/might/should have done 与现在事实相反的假设did (was→were) would/could/might/should do与将来事实相反的假设did (was→were ) would/could/might/should doshould do; were to do通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语气。
混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。
如何“各自为政”呢？这就像是数学里的排列组合，一边有三种情况，交叉一搭配就出现了好多种情况。
不管怎样，我们要遵循一个原则，就是“各自为政”。
例如，从句是对过去情况的假设，而主句则是对现在情况的假设，那我们在使用时，从句就用过去完成式，而主句要用would/could do的形式。
当然，也不是所有的AB配就是合理的，有时候在具体语境下，会出现矛盾的情况，这时我们就要结合要表达的意思来判断他们是对什么情况的假设，选择合适的形式。
一般而言，主句的假设时间会发生在从句的假设时间之后。
因为是有这么一个条件才会出现主句的现状。
因此在此类的完成句子练习中，我们要特别提醒注意时间状语的暗示1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设)2. If you had not watched television so late last night, you would not be so sleepy now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设)3. If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. (从句和主句都是现在的假设)4. Had you followed the doctor’s suggestion, you would be fine now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设)5. If I had made some money last summer, I would go on holiday next month.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对将来的假设)6. You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turns, you wouldn’t be so tired now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设)7. If Jack hadn’t met Rose on his voyage, he would be alive now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设)8. If Lily didn’t attend today’s party, she could not have the chance to work in the company undefined next week. (从句是对现在的假设，主句是对将来的假设)9. Had Father followed my travel plan , our family would not stay at home now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 10. If I were your mother, I would let you go out this weekend. (从句是对现在的假设，主句是对将来的假设)虚拟语气在if引导的条件状语从句中，特别注意虚拟语气与倒装的结合，前提是省略if，这种情况多见于过去和将来的假设，具体表现是将if省略，把had, were, should之类词语提前构成倒装。
虚拟语气用法归纳
虚拟语气用法归纳虚拟语气是一种特殊的语法形式，用来表示说话人所表达的事实并非真实的情况。
虚拟语气通常用于陈述某种假设、愿望、建议或推测。
在英语中，虚拟语气可以用于多种句型和场景中。
以下是关于虚拟语气的一些常见用法归纳：1. 条件句虚拟语气经常用于表示条件句中的不可能或未实现的情况。
在条件句中，主句和从句之间通常以if连接，其中的动词使用虚拟语气形式，即用过去式或过去完成式表示未来或现在的假设情况。
例如："If I were you, I would go to bed early."（如果我是你，我会早点上床。
）2. 虚拟愿望虚拟语气还可以用于表达愿望或对现实情况的怀疑。
在这种情况下，常用的句型是"if only"或"would rather"等。
例如："Ifonly I had more money, I would travel the world."（要是我有更多的钱，我就会周游世界。
）"I would rather you went with me."（我宁愿你和我一起去。
）3. 动词要求有些动词，如命令、建议、要求等，常常要求其后的从句使用虚拟语气。
这些动词包括：recommend（推荐）、insist（坚持）、demand（要求）、require（要求）、suggest（建议）等。
例如："She insisted that he be on time for the meeting."（她坚持要求他准时参加会议。
）4. 形容词和名词后接从句有时，形容词或名词后接从句时，从句中的谓语动词要使用虚拟语气。
这种情况通常表示说话人对从句所表达的内容的怀疑或不同意。
例如："It is important that he study hard for the exam."（他认真备考这个考试很重要。
虚拟语气和错综条件句和含蓄虚拟
虚拟语气表示说话人所言内容不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、建议、请求、命令或猜测，有时只是说话者的主观愿望，或表达他/她的强烈情感，谓语动词用特殊形式。
一．虚拟语气在if 条件句中的用法If从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。
条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形式。
2. 条件中的虚拟语气的举例(1) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。
若与现在事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。
如：如：If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话，他会帮助我们的。
If he studied at this school, he would know you well.如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对你很熟悉。
If I were you, I would never do that. 如果我是你,我决不做那件事。
If it weren’t for (=But for) your help, I would still be homeless. 若不是你帮忙，我现在还是无家可归。
If I had more money, I would buy a car. 我要是有再多一点钱，我就买汽车了。
If there were no subjective mood，English would be much easier. 要是没有虚拟语气，英语就会容易得多了。
If I knew his telephone number，I would ring him up. 我要是知道他的电话号码，我就给他打电话了。
If I were you, I would go there at once.If my classmates were here, they would help me.If I were you, I would accept the job.If classes were smaller, children would learn more.If I were ten years younger, I would start all over again.If I had enough money, I would buy a large house.If I had time, I would go shopping with you.If I knew all the answers to all your questions, I would be a genius.If he were here now, we would ask him about it.If I had time, I would study French.If I knew her number, I could ring her. (可惜我不知道)If there were no gravity, we should not be able to walk. (实际上地球引力始终存在。
虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法
虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法（一）形式注：1．在从句中，be动词多用were的形式。
在口语中，如果主语是第一、第三人称单数的话，be动词可用was，但人们总是说：If I were you．．．2．主句中的谓语可以由would，should，could和might这四个不同的情态动词来构成。
3．与将来事实相反的条件从句中，谓语有三种不同的形式：过去式、were ＋to do或should ＋do。
例句1：If I were you，I would study hard．我要是你的话，我就会好好学习。
（与现在事实相反）例句2：If I had studied hard，I would have passed CET-6 last semester．我要是早就好好学习的话，那么我上个学期就通过六级考试了。
（与过去事实相反）例句3：If Iwere to pass CET-6，I would treat you to dinner at KFC．我要是过了六级考试，就请你去吃肯德基。
（与将来事实相反）1/ 9（二）省略／倒装如果在虚拟从句中包含有一个助动词、情态动词、动词be 或have，则可把if省略，把上类动词提到主语之前，使用倒装语序。
例句4：Had it not been for the PLA，we wouldn't have been able to beat the flood．4要不是人民解放军，我们是无法战胜洪水的。
例句5：Were he here now，he would certainly help me．5他要是在这里肯定会帮我的忙。
注4：例句4中的从句部分出现了否定词not，如果把该句还原成正常语序，应该是：If it hadn't been for the PLA，we wouldn't have been able to beat the flood．但是一旦句子发生了省略，就必须把hadn't分开，否定词not还原，放在主语之后，不可写成Hadn't it been for的形式。
专四语法(虚拟语气)
4） it is time (that), it is high time
(that)句型中 谓语动词用过去时， 句型中， (that) 句型中 ， 谓语动词用过去时 ， 或者 should+动词原形 此时的should 动词原形， should不能省 是should+动词原形，此时的should不能省 略，表示早该做而未做的事，意思是 ……了 早该…… ……了 “该……了、早该……了” It‘s already 5 o’clock now．Don‘t you think it’s about time we went home？ It’s time you should do cleaning.
if， though引导的从句 5）以as if，as though引导的从句 as though (as if)，意为“好像、仿佛”。as though/as if都可以引导方式状语从句或表词从 句，在连系动词之后引导表词从句，在行为动 词之后引导方式状语从句。as if/as though引导 的从句既可用陈述语气又可用虚拟语气。如果 说话者认为句子所述的是事实或是或极有可能 发生的事实时，则从句用陈述语气；如果表示 的事情发生的可能性不大或非真实的情况，则 从句用虚拟语气。动词形式和wish后面的从句 动词形式变化相同。
3）would rather + 句子（过去时） 句子（过去时） 表示“ 宁愿、 宁可” 语气比较委婉， 表示 “ 宁愿 、 宁可 ” ， 语气比较委婉 ， 后接过去 式。 ---I am too busy these days. I would rather all of you ______ next month for a dinner. A. come B. would C. came D. have come ---It is getting late. I’d rather you ____now. (2011.61) A. left B. leave C. are leaving D. will leave
虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握
虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握：1、虚拟条件句。
2、名词性虚拟语气。
3、虚拟语气的其他用语。
一、虚拟条件句：条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。
1、条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为：If 主语＋过去时，主语＋should（could, would,或might）＋动词原形，如：If I were you, I wouldstudyhard.If it rained, I wouldnot be here now.2、条件从句与过去事实不一致，句型为：If 主语＋had＋过去分词，主语＋should（could, would,或might）＋have＋过去分词，如：If the doctor had come last night, the boy wouldhave saved.If I had not studie d hard, I wouldhave failed in the exam last term.3、条件从句与将来事实不一致，句型为：＋do，主语＋should（could…）＋原形do过去时（与现在事实条件句一样）。
If it should rain tomorr ow, we wouldstay at home.If I were to go to the moon one day, I couldsee it with my own eyes.If you missed the film to night, you wouldfeel sorry.注意问题：1、If条件句中绝对不可出现“would”。
2、根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都是遵守上述句型。
3、在条件句中如果出现we re, had, should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装，例如：Had the doctor come last night, the boy wouldhave saved.Were I to go to the moon one day, I wouldsee it with my own eyes.Should it rain tomorr ow, we wouldstay at home.二、名词性虚拟语气：在表示命令、建议要求、惊叹时的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气，基本句型：主语＋（should）＋动词原形，如：Mother insist ed that John go to bed at 9 o’clock.（宾语从句）We sugges ted that the meetin g should not be held.It was requir ed that the cropsshould be harves ted at once.（主语从句）The sugges tionthat he be invite d was reject ed.（同位语从句）That is theirdemand that theirwagesbe increa sed.（表语从句）注意：在这种句子中绝不出现“would”“must”“could”等。
虚拟语气用法归纳
英语中虚拟语气用法归纳1、在非真实条件句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。
非真实条件有以下三类：（1）与现在事实相反的非真实条件句，谓语动词形式如下：从句：过去时主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形。
如If I were you, I would ask our teacher for advice.如果我是你的话，我就请教老师。
（2）与过去事实相反的非真实条件句，谓语动词形式如下：从句：过去完成时主句：would/should/could/ might +have+动词过去分词。
如If I hadn’t taken the wrong bus, I wouldn’t have missed the contest.如果我没有搭错车，我就不会不参加竞赛。
（3）与将来事实相反的非真实条件句，谓语动词形式如下：从句：过去时/should /were to +动词原形主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形。
如If I had enough money next month, I would buy a copy of “The Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English”.如果我下个月有足够的钱，我就会买一本《现代高级英语学习词典》。
（4）混合时间条件句：主句和从句不一定用指同一时间的动词。
如If I had learned French, I would be able to interpret for our French friend.假如我以前学过法语，现在就能给我们的法国朋友当翻译。
（注：if从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；而主句与现在事实相反，用would+动词原形。
）（5）含蓄条件句：有时假设的条件不通过条件从句来表示而含蓄在介词短语或上下文中。
如：Without the warmth and light of the sun, the earth’s vegetation would die almost immediately.没有太阳的热量和光，地球上的植物几乎会马上死去。
（完整版）英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结
虚拟语气:表示说的话不是事实，表示说的话不是事实，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，表达一种愿望、表达一种愿望、表达一种愿望、建建议、假设。
议、假设。
一、条件状语从句中的用法一、条件状语从句中的用法从句 谓语形式谓语形式主句 谓语形式谓语形式现在现在were/ didwould/could/should (+not) + do 过去过去 had donewould/could/should/might (not)+ have done将来将来1. were/did2. should do3. were to dowould/could/should/might (not) + do简单记法：简单记法：if were/did, would doif had done, would have done if were to do/should do, would do举例：举例：If I were you, I would do nothing about it.If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低)，they wouldn’t go shopping.附注：附注：虚拟语气，条件状从倒装虚拟语气，条件状从倒装状语从句中，去掉if, 提前were/ had/ should 如：If I were you, I would give up. →Were I you, I would give upIf you had taken the advice, you would have…. →Had you taken the advice, you would have… If the world should come to an end,…… →Should the world come to an end……另外，without, but for, otherwise 构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气 But for the populariza on of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (populariza on 普及，publicity 宣传) Without your help, I would have failed.We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat. （表示可能性小）（表示可能性小）但其实，高中英语考试也常考：但其实，高中英语考试也常考：错综虚拟语气条件句错综虚拟语气条件句 即：即：假设条件状从发生的时间与所假设的谓语动词不一致，此时，主句和从句要根据各自的时间而定。
虚拟语气的用法归纳
虚拟语气的用法归纳虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块，第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。
这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面：基本用法，各自为政，以及含蓄之美。
一、虚拟语气的基本用法是什么通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语气。
混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。
二、虚拟语气用法有哪些虚拟语气在条件从句的用法条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句；一类是非真实条件句，也就是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语要用陈述语气。
如 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。
如 If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气.错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时需要根据意思采用表示不同时间的动词形式来进行调整。
If she had taken the doctor’s advice, she might still be alive. If I were you, I would have accepted their terms.含蓄条件句1.有时候假设的情况并不用条件从句表示出来，而是通过介词短语来表示。
如 Without air(If there were no air), there would be no living things.But for your help (If it hadn’t been for your help), I couldn’t have done it.2. 假设的条件通过上下文表现出来。
高中虚拟语气讲解
高中虚拟语气讲解虚拟语气虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反，或不可能发生的情况。
一．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1. 表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）主句用：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If we had time now, we would read it again.If I were you, I would work hard.2. 表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：had+过去分词；主句：would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词。
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test.If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you.3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：①一般过去时②should +动词原形③were to+动词原形；主句：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If it should rain, the crops would be saved.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.P.S 虚拟条件句的特殊情况(1)混合/错综型虚拟语气当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为‘错综条件句’，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.(从句说的是过去，主句是现在)If I were you, I would have taken his advice.(从句是现在，主句是过去)(2)省略if的虚拟语气如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if.采用倒装语序。
虚拟语气的用法与常见句型
虚拟语气的用法与常见句型虚拟语气是我们在表达某种虚构、假设、愿望或建议等情况下使用的一种语气。
它通过特定的句型和词汇来表达与现实情况不符合的假设或愿望。
在以下的文章中，我们将探讨虚拟语气的用法和一些常见的句型。
一、虚拟条件句虚拟条件句用于表达对过去或现在的假设情况，虽然这些情况是不可能实现的。
虚拟条件句通常由“if”引导，其中包括两个部分：主句和从句。
1. 虚拟条件句的现在形式：如果+主语+动词的过去式，主语+would/could/should/might+动词的原形。
例如：如果我有时间，我会去旅行。
(If I had time, I would travel.)2. 虚拟条件句的过去形式：如果+主语+had+过去分词，主语+would/could/should/might+have+过去分词。
例如：如果我昨天去了那个聚会，我会见到他的。
(If I had gone to the party yesterday, I would have met him.)二、虚拟语气的用途虚拟语气除了用于条件句之外，还可用于表达愿望、建议、命令、让步等情况。
下面是一些常见的虚拟语气句型。
1. 愿望：(a) 现在的愿望：I wish (that) + 主语 + 过去式例如：I wish I were taller. (我希望我更高。
)(b) 过去的愿望：I wished (that) + 主语 + 过去完成时例如：I wished I had studied harder for the exam. (我希望我在考试前更努力学习。
)2. 建议：It is suggested (that) + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形例如：It is suggested that he (should) go on a vacation. (有人建议他去度假。
)3. 命令：It is important/necessary/vital + that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形例如：It is important that you (should) arrive on time. (重要的是你按时到达。
含蓄虚拟条件句的七种表现形式
含蓄虚拟条件句的七种表现形式所谓含蓄虚拟条件句即指将条件从句隐藏在上下文一定的短语中的一类条件句，其主要用法及表现形式可归纳如下：1.将条件隐含在不定式短语中I would write to her, but I don’t know her address. 我会给她写信的，就是不知道她的地址。
(=If I knew her address, I would write to her. But…)To have studied harder, you would have passed the examination. 你学习更用功些，你早就考及格了。
(=If you had studied harder, you…)2.将条件隐含在分词短语中Born in better times, he would have been a scholar. 如果出生在好时代，他早就成为学者了。
(=If he had been born in better times, he would…)Failing this time, what would you do？假若这次失败，那你怎么办？(=If you failed this time, what would…)Walking alone in the dark, Mary would be terrified. 要一个人单独在黑暗中行走，玛丽会感到十分害怕。
(If Mary walked alon e in the dark, she…)3.将条件隐含在介词短语中But for your help we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment. 如果没有你的帮助，我们的实验是不会成功的。
(=If it hadn’t been for your help, we…)In different circumstances, I would have said yes. 在不同的情况下，我就会同意了。
虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句_贾遂芝
虚拟语气与情态动词虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示，下面对虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法分别介绍。
虚拟语气用于条件状语从句。
表示与现在事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（be的过去式用were）”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would（should, could, might）+动词原形。
”例如：If I were you, I should studay English.If he had time, he would attend the meeting.表示与过去的事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用“had +过去分词”，主句中的谓语动词用“would（should, could, might）+have +过去分词”。
例如：If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.表示与将来事实相反的假设时，条件从句和主句所用的谓语动词怀“表示与现在事实相反的假设”的谓语动词相同，或者条件从句中用“were to（should）+动词原形”。
例如：If you come tomorrow, we would have the meeting.If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。
例如：If you had worked hard, you would be very tired.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在.)5.以上句型可以转换成下列形式:1)省略if,用“were, have, should +主语”. 例如:Were I in school again, I would work harder.Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him.Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.但在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式,如我们可以说:Were it not for the expense, I would go to Italy.但不能说Weren’t it for the expense, I would go to Italy.2)用介词短语代替条件状语从句.例如:Without air, there would be on living things.But for your help, I couldn’t have done it.3)用其了方式表示.例如:It would produce had results to do that.= If you have done that, it would produce bad results.(二)虚拟语气用于宾语从句“wish +宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为“可惜……”. “……就好了”, “悔不该……”, “但愿……”等.表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来不能实现的愿望用“would(could) +动词原形”;表示过去不能实现的愿望时用“had +过去分词”或“(could)would +have +过去分词”.例如:I wish it were spring all the year round.I wish you could go with us.We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.虚拟语气在动词arrange, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, request, require, suggest,等后面的宾主从句中用“(should)+动词原形”.例如:We suggested that we (should) have a meeting.We insisted that they (should) go with us.The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.He demanded that we (should) start right away.注意:insist作“力言”, “强调”解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气,只有当insist作“坚持(认为)”, “坚持(应该)”解时宾语从句才用虚拟语气.例如:Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.(三)虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句作advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request等名词的表语从句和同位语从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构“(should)+动词原形”.例如:We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing forsightseeing.My idea is that we (should) exercises first．(四)虚拟语气在as if(as though)，even if( even though)等引导的表语从句或状语从句中的应用．如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时，指现在状况，则用过去时，指将来则用过去将来时．例如：He looked as if he were an artist.He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England．Even if he were here，he could not solve the problem．(五)虚拟语气用于主语从句．在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用“should 十动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等．例如：It is necessary( important，natural，strange，etc) that …we should cleanthe room every day.It was a pity ( a shame，no wonder，etc) that you should be so careless．It will be desired( suggested，decided，ordered，requested，proposed，etc)that she should finish her homework this afternoon．在上述三种主语从句中，should意为“应该”,“竟然”，可以省去，但不可换用would.主句所用动词的时态不限．注意：这种从句表示的是事实．如果说话人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气．反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感．That从句也可用陈述语气，例如：It is a strange that he did not come yesterday.It is a pity that you can’t swim．(六)虚拟语气用于定语从句这种从句常用在It is( high) time( that)…句型中，定语从句的谓语动词用过去式，或should十动词原形( should不能省略，be用were)来表示，意为“(现在)该……”。
虚拟语气的用法及表达
虚拟语气的用法及表达虚拟语气是一种特殊的语气形式，用于表达与现实事实相反或与过去事实相反的假设，或是表示建议、命令、要求等非现实情况。
虚拟语气在语法结构和用法上有一些规则和特点，正确运用虚拟语气可以使表达更准确、更丰富。
本文将探讨虚拟语气的用法及表达。
一、表示与现实事实相反的假设1. 条件句中的虚拟语气在表示与现实事实相反的假设时，常使用条件句来引导虚拟语气。
例如：If I were you, I would study harder.（如果我是你，我会更加努力学习。
）If it hadn't rained, we would have gone for a picnic.（如果没有下雨，我们本来会去野餐的。
）2. 祝愿句中的虚拟语气在表达祝愿时，也常使用虚拟语气。
例如：I wish I were taller.（但愿我能更高一点。
）May you have a happy birthday!（祝你生日快乐！）二、表示与过去事实相反的假设在虚拟语气中，过去完成时常用来表示对过去已经发生的事情的假设。
例如：If I had known, I would have helped you.（如果我知道的话，我会帮助你的。
）2. 用于动词wish的虚拟语气在表达对过去事实的遗憾或不满时，常常使用与wish连用的虚拟语气。
例如：I wish I hadn't made that mistake.（但愿我没有犯那个错误。
）三、表示建议、命令、要求等非现实情况1. 虚拟语气的动词形式在表示建议、命令、要求等非现实情况时，常使用should或者虚拟语气的动词形式。
例如：I suggest that he should go to bed early.（我建议他早点睡觉。
）It's important that you be there on time.（你准时到场很重要。
）在表示否定的建议、命令、要求等非现实情况时，常使用虚拟语气的否定形式。
含蓄虚拟条件句的七种表现形式
含蓄虚拟条件句的七种表现形式含蓄虚拟条件句的七种表现形式所谓含蓄虚拟条件句即指将条件从句隐藏在上下文一定的短语中的一类条件句，其主要用法及表现形式可归纳如下：1.将条件隐含在不定式短语中I would write to her, but I don’t know her address. 我会给她写信的，就是不知道她的地址。
(=If I knew her address, I would write to her. But…)To have studied harder, you would have passed the examination. 你学习更用功些，你早就考及格了。
(=If you had studied harder, you…)2.将条件隐含在分词短语中Born in better times, he would have been a scholar. 如果出生在好时代，他早就成为学者了。
(=If he had been born in better times, he would…)Failing this time, what would you do？假若这次失败，那你怎么办？(=If you failed this time, what would…)Walking alone in the dark, Mary would be terrified. 要一个人单独在黑暗中行走，玛丽会感到十分害怕。
(If Mary walked alone in the dark, she…)3.将条件隐含在介词短语中But for your help we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment. 如果没有你的帮助，我们的实验是不会成功的。
(=If it hadn’t been for your help, we…)In different circumstances, I would have said yes. 在不同的情况下，我就会同意了。
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虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句常见用法
先看一道高考题：
____ more attention，the trees could have grown better．
A．Given B．To give C．Giving D．Having given
（答案是A）
句中"．．．the trees could have grown better"是一个表达虚拟语气的句子。
题中要求选择的是如何表达假设条件的形式。
如果我们把这个句子用另一种形式"If they had been given more attentio n ，the trees could have grown better．"来表示，就不难理解了。
很多情况下，在表示假设的虚拟语气中，有时假设的条件并不以条件从句的形式表达，而是通过上下文或句中内在的逻辑关系，或用其它形式表达出来，我们称之为"含蓄条件句"。
含蓄条件句主要通过名词、连接词、不定式、分词、动名词短语、介词短语及分句来暗示。
这些表达形式在句中实际起着虚拟条件从句的作用。
现分述如下：
一、介词短语
常用来表示虚拟条件的介词有with，without，in，under，but for等等，它们表示的虚拟条件都可以被if从句替换。
（1）without，with
without表示否定的条件，意为if．．．not；with与without意义相反，表示肯定的条件。
如：Without air，there would be no living things．（without air ＝if there were no air）没有空气，便没有生物。
With her help（＝If I had her help），I would do the experiment well．假如有她帮助，我就可以把这个实验做好。
（2）under
Under the leadership of a less experienced person，the experiment would have failed．（u nder．．．＝If there had been the leadership of a less experienced person）假设在一个缺少经验的人领导下进行实验，实验准会失败。
（3）in
I would have lost my head in that position．（in that position ＝if I had been in that po sition）我处在那种情况下，是会丧失理智的。
（4）but for
But for their help（＝If it were not for their help），we could not get over the difficultie s．要不是他们的帮助，我们是克服不了这些困难的。
二、连接词or ，otherwise，but，but that等等
I'm really busy，otherwise（＝if I weren't so busy），I would certainly go with you．我确实太忙了。
不然的话，我一定和你一块去。
But that I saw it（＝If I had not seen it），I could not have believed it．要不是亲眼看见的话，我是不会相信的。
三、分词短语
United（＝If they had been united），they wouldn't have been defeated．他们要是团结起来，就不会被打败。
Seen from a high mountain（＝If it were seen from a high mountain），the field in whi ch wheat is growing would look like a great green sea．倘若从高山上看，麦田就像一片碧绿的大海。
四、动词不定式短语
It would be only partly right to answer in this way．（＝if we answered in this way）如果这样回答，只对一部分。
To hear him speak English（＝If one were to hear him speak English），one would think him an Englishman．要是听他讲起英语来，人们会认为他是一个英国人。
五、形容词或其比较级的形式
A less difficult problem would have already been solved．（＝If the problem had been l ess difficult，it would have already been solved．）要是问题不那么难的话，它早就被解决了。
An honest man would not do such a thing．（＝If he were an honest man，he would no t do such a thing．）诚实的人是不会做这种事的。
六、名词
An honest man would not say this．（＝If the man were honest，he wouldn't say this．）一个诚实的人，就不会说这种话。
Who but a fool（＝If one were a fool，one）would believe his words．除了傻瓜，谁会相信他的话！
七、"名词＋and"的结构
One step further and you would be dead．（＝If you took one step further，you would be dead．）再往前走一步，你就会死。
八、独立主格结构或由with引导的复合结构
All things considered（＝If all things were considered），the price would be reasonable．如果全面考虑起来，价格可能是合理的。
九、定语从句
A nation which stopped working would be dead in a fortnight．（＝If a nation stopped working，it would be dead in a fortnight．）如果一个国家停止工作，不出半个月就会灭亡。